CN104286590A - Feed for stichopus japonicus larva - Google Patents
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- CN104286590A CN104286590A CN201410624431.5A CN201410624431A CN104286590A CN 104286590 A CN104286590 A CN 104286590A CN 201410624431 A CN201410624431 A CN 201410624431A CN 104286590 A CN104286590 A CN 104286590A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed for a stichopus japonicus larva. Starfish and enteromorpha serve as main raw materials of the feed, the problems of shortage of raw material resources, high cost, high price and the like in the prior art can be solved, the demand of the starfish can be greatly improved, and the damage to the aquaculture industry caused by excessive propagation of the starfish is inhibited or controlled. The feed for the stichopus japonicus larva comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of starfish echinoderm dry powder, 10-50 parts of enteromorpha powder, 10-50 parts of sargassum powder, 8-10 parts of degreased fish meal, 1-2 parts of natural yeast, 2-3 parts of compound microbial agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of compound vitamin and 0.5-1.5 parts of microelements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed being primary raw material with starfish, Enteromorpha, belong to holothurian feed formulation art.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of apostichopus japonicus culture industry, quality of the fodder has become the potential limiting factor of apostichopus japonicus culture industry development.At stichopus japonicus forming stage, main use tangleweed and artifical compound feed.Tangleweed is mainly sargassum thunbergii, sargassum, sea lettuce etc., and due to the factor such as a large amount of exploitation and sea area pollution of these marine algas, its natural resources are day by day deficient.At present in actual production, mainly seawood meal is used to arrange in pairs or groups feed based on a certain proportion of ooze, some interpolation fish meal, shrimp med, starch, corn flour, soya-bean cake, yeast etc.In addition, according to the nutritional need of other aquatic livestocks, make the man-made feeds of multiple imitative stichopus japonicus, but exist product quality very different, lack the problems such as industry standard and management, raw material are restricted, seriously hinder the fast development of apostichopus japonicus culture industry.Therefore need find effectively and the feedstuff that enriches of stock number as the new source of apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed nutrition, and Enteromorpha, starfish etc. are this feed resources having nutritive value and potentiality to be exploited.
Enteromorpha (Enteromorpha prolifra) is the common large-scale green alga of a class of China coastal seas, is the Huanghai Sea, Area of The East China Sea sociales.In recent years, due to global warming and body eutrophication, cause the marine green algaes such as Enteromorpha to be bred in a large number, formed " green tide ", not only had a strong impact on coastal view, also caused considerable damage to mariculture industry.Enteromorpha has abundant nutritional labeling, protein content is generally 10%-20%, carbohydrate content is about 50%, and be rich in multivitamin and mineral matter, can be used as a kind of novel sea food resource, for bait batching or the additive of fish, shrimp and shellfish, there is food calling effect, energy growth promoting effects, develop immunitypty, and improve cultivation survival rate and product quality.
Starfish (Asterias amurensis) has another name called starfish, belong to Echinodermata (Echinodermata), Asteroidea (Asteroidea), for ocean benthonic invertebrates, a large amount of distribution is had, natural rich reserves in Bohai and Yellow Seas, Liaoning, Hebei and Shandong.The exploitation of starfish resource have been subject to the attention of numerous researcher, how to carry out scientific disposal and high-valued application to it, have become one of crux problem of coastal environments protection and the solution of living marine resources development field urgent need.In recent years, about the development and utilization of starfish resource, great majority all concentrate on the aspects such as active chemical components, physiology, pharmacology, new drug development, nutritional labeling.Owing to being rich in protein and fat in starfish body; amino acid classes is complete, and content of taurine is higher, and containing the trace element such as the inorganic macroelement such as Ca, Mg and abundant Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn; contribute to growing of animal, the fortified feed developing into aquatic livestock can be considered.At present, the research adding aquatic animal feed about starfish sour jujube skin dry powder to is only tested for the feedstuff feeding of abalone, lefteye flounder, there is not yet the research as apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed.In addition, starfish is also added in the feed of poultry, domestic animal, utilize the fermented feed that the agricultural byproducts such as starfish, thalassophyte, fish meal, corn are made, analyze after tested, prove to be rich in protein, fat, cellulose and anticancer component in such feed, both proteinaceous nutrient can be increased, again can supplement calcium, contribute to livestock and poultry lactation and lay eggs.
Due to mollusks such as starfish eating oyster, clam, Bao, mussels, be regarded as the harmful animal of shellfishery, simultaneously the fertility of starfish and power of regeneration strong, often starfish picked during fisherman's fishing operation and abandon into marine and be not used.If effectively develop and utilize, can turn bane into boon, turn waste into wealth, can Mollusca Resource be protected again, good economic benefit can also be brought.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiency of the prior art, provide a kind of with starfish, Enteromorpha be primary raw material juvenile sea cucumber feed formula and preparation method, it not only can solve, and the raw material resources that prior art exists is deficient, cost is high, the problems such as price, the demand such as starfish, Enteromorpha can also be increased substantially, suppress or control the harm that its immoderate breeding causes to aquaculture.Both improve the utilization of resource, reach again and remove harmful animal, the metastable object of the maintenance ecosystem, economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit are remarkable.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved: a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed of the present invention, and its component and weight portion are: starfish sour jujube skin dry powder 10-50 part, waterside lichenin 10-50 part, sargassum powder 10-50 part, defatted fish flour 8-10 part, unartificial yeast 1-2 part, complex micro organism fungicide 2-3 part, B B-complex 0.5-1.5 part, micro-0.5-1.5 part.
Further, the preparation method of described starfish sour jujube skin dry powder is: cleaned by fresh starfish, removes impurity and gonad, enters drying box drying, after first pulverizing with pulverizer, then pulverizes through micronizer; Preferably, the moisture of described starfish sour jujube skin dry powder is 10-18%, and granularity is 100-200 order.
Further, the preparation method of described waterside lichenin is: cleaned by fresh Enteromorpha, removes impurity, after centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, enters drying box drying, then pulverize; Preferably, the moisture of described waterside lichenin is 10-15%, and granularity is 200-400 order.
Further, the preparation method of described sargassum powder is: cleaned by fresh sargassum, removes impurity, after centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, enters drying box drying, then pulverize; Preferably, the moisture of described sargassum powder is 10-15%, and granularity is 100-200 order.
Further, described complex micro organism fungicide comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and mass ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2; In described complex micro organism fungicide, three kinds of probio content are respectively: bacillus subtilis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, Lactobacillus acidophilus>=6 × 10
7cfu/g.
Further, described B B-complex is by following proportions: containing retinol1 000,000 IU, vitamine D3 300,000 IU in every 1000 grams of described B B-complexes, vitamin E 5000mg, Vitamin K3 1000mg, vitamin B12 500mg, vitamin B2 1500mg, vitamin B6 1500mg, vitamin B12 5mg, vitamin C 15000mg, PABA 0mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 100mg, pantothenic acid 10000mg, inositol 10000mg, carrier is electrolyte, glucose.
Further, described trace element is by following proportions: containing iron 10000mg, copper 5000mg, zinc 20000mg, manganese 10000mg, magnesium 25000mg, iodine 100mg, selenium 100mg, cobalt 800mg in every 1000 grams of described composite mineral salts, carrier is stone flour.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
Juvenile sea cucumber feed of the present invention, has comprehensive nutrition, attractant is good, bait digestibility is higher, strengthens the effect of children's ginseng anti-stress ability.Through the starfish sour jujube skin dry powder of processing technology process of the present invention, nutritious, be beneficial to children's ginseng and digest and assimilate.In starfish sour jujube skin, content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is higher, and wherein content of taurine is higher, and long-term absorption is conducive to promoting growing of children's ginseng; The essential amino acid that in Enteromorpha, essential amino acid composition and children join forms close, and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid is higher, matched with starfish sour jujube skin dry powder, is conducive to promoting the metabolism of children's ginseng; Sargassum contains abundant carbohydrate, protein, amino acid, trace element, vitamin etc., especially in its polysaccharide, fucose content is higher, there are some researches show, fucosan has antiviral, immunity moderation effect, complement each other with the effect of taurine in starfish sour jujube skin, thus improve children's ginseng survival rate, be beneficial to the healthy growth of children's ginseng, strengthen anti-stress ability; In defatted fish flour, protein content is higher, amino acid enriches, and containing various trace elements, its amino acid composition is suitable for the plant feed compatibilities such as same Enteromorpha, sargassum, supplement the deficiency of the limiting amino acid such as lysine and methionine, amino acid is formed and reaches balance; Defatted fish flour is also containing vitamin B12 cyanogen cobalt element; compensate for the deficiency of plant feed, the animal protein prescription compatibility such as algae protein and starfish sour jujube skin dry powder, fish meal, improves proteopepsis absorptivity in feed simultaneously; prevent formation from dragging just phenomenon, the intestinal tract of protection children ginseng.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed formula of the present invention, its component and weight portion are: starfish sour jujube skin dry powder 10-50 part, waterside lichenin 10-50 part, sargassum powder 10-50 part, defatted fish flour 8-10 part, unartificial yeast 1-2 part, complex micro organism fungicide 2-3 part, B B-complex 0.5-1.5 part, micro-0.5-1.5 part.
The preparation method of wherein said starfish sour jujube skin dry powder is: fresh starfish is through cleaning, remove impurity and gonad, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 DEG C, dry 2-5h, moisture controls at 10-18%, after being first crushed to 40-80 order with pulverizer, be crushed to 100-200 order through micronizer again, reduction granularity more can be conducive to the nutriment in juvenile sea cucumber absorption starfish sour jujube skin dry powder.
The preparation method of wherein said waterside lichenin is: fresh Enteromorpha is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000-10000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 5-15min, enters drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 DEG C, dry 3-5h, moisture controls at 10-15%, is crushed to 200-400 order.
The preparation method of wherein said sargassum powder is: fresh sargassum is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000-10000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 3-10min, enters drying box drying, baking temperature is 90-115 DEG C, dry 2-5h, moisture controls at 10-15%, is crushed to 100-200 order.
Wherein said complex micro organism fungicide comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and mass ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2, and preferred mass ratio is 1:1:1.In described complex micro organism fungicide, three kinds of probio content are respectively: bacillus subtilis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, Lactobacillus acidophilus>=6 × 10
7cfu/g.
Wherein said B B-complex can by following proportions: containing retinol1 000,000 IU in every 1000 grams of described B B-complexes, vitamine D3 300,000 IU, vitamin E 5000mg, Vitamin K3 1000mg, vitamin B1 2500mg, vitamin B2 1500mg, vitamin B6 1500mg, vitamin B12 5mg, vitamin C 15000mg, biotin 10mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 100mg, pantothenic acid 10000mg, inositol 10000mg, carrier is electrolyte, glucose.
Wherein said trace element can by following proportions: containing iron 10000mg, copper 5000mg, zinc 20000mg, manganese 10000mg, magnesium 25000mg, iodine 100mg, selenium 100mg, cobalt 800mg in every 1000 grams of described composite mineral salts, carrier is stone flour.
The complex micro organism fungicide of the above-mentioned type, B B-complex and micro-existing procucts are sold, and can commercially buy.
Embodiment 1
1. starfish sour jujube skin dry powder preparation: fresh starfish is through cleaning, remove impurity and gonad, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 100 DEG C, dry 3h, and moisture controls at 10-12%, first be crushed to meal shape with pulverizer, after about 40 orders, then be crushed to 200 orders through micronizer, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
2. waterside lichenin preparation: fresh Enteromorpha is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 10min, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 100 DEG C, and drying time is 4h, and moisture controls at 10-12%, be crushed to 200 orders, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
3. sargassum powder preparation: fresh sargassum is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 5000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 6min, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 100 DEG C, and drying time is 3h, and moisture controls at 10-12%, be crushed to 200 orders, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
4. complex micro organism fungicide preparation: after bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus acidophilus mix in 1:1:1 ratio, is positioned over dry place for subsequent use; In described complex micro organism fungicide, three kinds of probio content are respectively: bacillus subtilis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, Lactobacillus acidophilus>=6 × 10
7cfu/g;
5. by the requirement of each component regulation, add 15 kilograms, starfish sour jujube skin dry powder, waterside lichenin 12 kilograms, 11 kilograms, sargassum powder, defatted fish flour 8 kilograms, 1.5 kilograms, yeast, complex micro organism fungicide 2.5 kilograms, B B-complex 1 kilogram, trace element 1 kilogram, stir and be mixed with imitative juvenile sea cucumber feed.
Embodiment 2
1. starfish sour jujube skin dry powder preparation: fresh starfish is through cleaning, remove impurity and gonad, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 110 DEG C, dry 2.5h, and moisture controls at 13-15%, first be crushed to meal shape with pulverizer, after about 40 orders, then be crushed to 150 orders through micronizer, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
2. waterside lichenin preparation: fresh Enteromorpha is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 8000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 12min, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 105 DEG C, and drying time is 4.5h, and moisture controls at 13-15%, be crushed to 325 orders, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
3. sargassum powder preparation: fresh sargassum is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 8000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 4min, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 105 DEG C, and drying time is 3h, and moisture controls at 13-15%, be crushed to 150 orders, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
4. complex micro organism fungicide preparation: after bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus acidophilus mix in 1:1:1 ratio, is positioned over dry place for subsequent use; In described complex micro organism fungicide, three kinds of probio content are respectively: bacillus subtilis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, Lactobacillus acidophilus>=6 × 10
7cfu/g;
5. by the requirement of each component regulation, add 30 kilograms, starfish sour jujube skin dry powder, 20 kilograms, sargassum powder, waterside lichenin 18 kilograms, defatted fish flour 8 kilograms, 1.5 kilograms, yeast, complex micro organism fungicide 3.0 kilograms, B B-complex 1.2 kilograms, trace element 1.2 kilograms, stir and be mixed with imitative juvenile sea cucumber feed.
Embodiment 3
1. starfish sour jujube skin dry powder preparation: fresh starfish is through cleaning, remove impurity and gonad, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 115 DEG C, dry 2h, and moisture controls at 12-16%, first be crushed to meal shape with pulverizer, after about 40 orders, then be crushed to 100 orders through micronizer, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
2. waterside lichenin preparation: fresh Enteromorpha is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 10000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 5min, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 115 DEG C, and drying time is 3h, and moisture controls at 12-15%, be crushed to 200 orders, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
3. sargassum powder preparation: fresh sargassum is through cleaning, remove impurity, through centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, centrifugal dehydrator rotating speed is 10000rpm, after centrifugal dehydration 3min, enter drying box drying, baking temperature is 115 DEG C, and drying time is 2h, and moisture controls at 12-15%, be crushed to 100 orders, be positioned over dry place for subsequent use;
4. complex micro organism fungicide preparation: after bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus acidophilus mix in 1:1:1 ratio, is positioned over dry place for subsequent use; In described complex micro organism fungicide, three kinds of probio content are respectively: bacillus subtilis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, Lactobacillus acidophilus>=6 × 10
7cfu/g;
5. by the requirement of each component regulation, add 40 kilograms, starfish sour jujube skin dry powder, 28 kilograms, sargassum powder, waterside lichenin 24 kilograms, defatted fish flour 10 kilograms, 2 kilograms, yeast, complex micro organism fungicide 2 kilograms, B B-complex 1.5 kilograms, trace element 1.5 kilograms, stir and be mixed with imitative juvenile sea cucumber feed.
With the feedstuff feeding of embodiment 1-3 formulated children ginseng, contrast with common commercial diet, feedstuff feeding effect is better, and average growth rate improves 20.2%, and specific growth rate improves 19.8%, and feed coefficient reduces by 30.3%.
Starfish sour jujube skin protein content is higher, and amino acid classes is complete, and content of taurine is higher; Fat content is relatively low, but polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio is high, is rich in EPA, also containing the inorganic macroelement such as multivitamin and Ca, Mg, holds out broad prospects in exploitation aquatic animal feed application aspect.
Above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, but not is limited; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or equivalent replacement is carried out to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.
Claims (10)
1. a juvenile sea cucumber feed, is characterized in that: its component and weight portion are: starfish sour jujube skin dry powder 10-50 part, waterside lichenin 10-50 part, sargassum powder 10-50 part, defatted fish flour 8-10 part, unartificial yeast 1-2 part, complex micro organism fungicide 2-3 part, B B-complex 0.5-1.5 part, micro-0.5-1.5 part.
2. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described starfish sour jujube skin dry powder is: cleaned by fresh starfish, remove impurity and gonad, enter drying box drying, after first pulverizing with pulverizer, then pulverize through micronizer.
3. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the moisture of described starfish sour jujube skin dry powder is 10-18%, and granularity is 100-200 order.
4. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described waterside lichenin is: cleaned by fresh Enteromorpha, removes impurity, after centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, enters drying box drying, then pulverize.
5. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that: the moisture of described waterside lichenin is 10-15%, and granularity is 200-400 order.
6. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described sargassum powder is: cleaned by fresh sargassum, removes impurity, after centrifugal dehydrator centrifugal dehydration, enters drying box drying, then pulverize.
7. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1 or 6, is characterized in that: the moisture of described sargassum powder is 10-15%, and granularity is 100-200 order.
8. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described complex micro organism fungicide comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, and mass ratio is 1-2:1-2:1-2; In described complex micro organism fungicide, three kinds of probio content are respectively: bacillus subtilis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, bacillus licheniformis>=1 × 10
10cfu/g, Lactobacillus acidophilus>=6 × 10
7cfu/g.
9. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described B B-complex is by following proportions: containing vitamin A 1,000,000 IU in every 1000 grams of described B B-complexes, vitamine D3 300,000 IU, vitamin E 5000mg, Vitamin K3 1000mg, vitamin B1 2500mg, vitamin B2 1500mg, vitamin B6 1500mg, vitamin B12 5mg, vitamin C 15000mg, biotin 10mg, nicotinic acid 10000mg, folic acid 100mg, pantothenic acid 10000mg, inositol 10000mg, carrier is electrolyte, glucose.
10. a kind of juvenile sea cucumber feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described trace element is by following proportions: containing iron 10000mg in every 1000 grams of described composite mineral salts, copper 5000 mg, zinc 20000 mg, manganese 10000 mg, magnesium 25000 mg, iodine 100 mg, selenium 100 mg, cobalt 800 mg, carrier is stone flour.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410624431.5A CN104286590A (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2014-11-07 | Feed for stichopus japonicus larva |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410624431.5A CN104286590A (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2014-11-07 | Feed for stichopus japonicus larva |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106615632A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 钟梅 | Juvenile stichopus japonicus breeding feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114631596A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 大连鑫玉龙海洋生物种业科技股份有限公司 | Special paste bait for sea cucumber auricular larvae |
-
2014
- 2014-11-07 CN CN201410624431.5A patent/CN104286590A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106615632A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 钟梅 | Juvenile stichopus japonicus breeding feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN114631596A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 大连鑫玉龙海洋生物种业科技股份有限公司 | Special paste bait for sea cucumber auricular larvae |
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Application publication date: 20150121 |