CN1225981C - Preparatino method of low-molecular chitosar quaternary ammonium salt complex iodine clear venom - Google Patents
Preparatino method of low-molecular chitosar quaternary ammonium salt complex iodine clear venom Download PDFInfo
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- CN1225981C CN1225981C CN 03112578 CN03112578A CN1225981C CN 1225981 C CN1225981 C CN 1225981C CN 03112578 CN03112578 CN 03112578 CN 03112578 A CN03112578 A CN 03112578A CN 1225981 C CN1225981 C CN 1225981C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing low-molecule chitosan quaternary ammonium salt complexing iodine disinfecting liquid. The present invention is characterized in that low-molecule chitosan quaternary ammonium salts or low-molecule chitosan solution, and one or two or all of dialkyl diquaterary ammonium salts, dialkyl alkyl quaternary ammonium salts and methyl quaternary ammonium salts are mixed and stirred under the condition of stirring; after being heated, the mixed liquor is added with iodine or iodine and iodate to react under the condition of heat insulation, and is cooled to the room temperature. The product prepared by the present invention takes low-molecule chitosan with the weight average molecular weight smaller than 10, 000 or quaternary ammonium salts thereof as a carrier, the natural degradation speed is high, residues are not remained in environments, the product is compounded with various types of quaternary ammonium salts and is added with iodate to increase efficiency, and thus, the product is a sterilizing disinfectant with high environmental protection performance, strong efficiency performance, low stimulation performance and toxicity and stable and persistent sterilization effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disinfectant, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride iodine complex disinfection solution.
Background technology
Quaternary ammonium compounds is a kind of cationic surfactant, and is positively charged in water, can be adsorbed in the microorganism surface, form micelle, and progressively infiltrate cytoplasmic lipoid layer and albumin layer, thus the permeability of change cell membrane, cellular content is leaked, cause microbial death; Also can make the structure generation sex change of albumen and enzyme simultaneously, microorganism is killed in the metabolism of destroy microorganisms.Therefore, quaternary ammonium compounds is widely used as disinfectant.Quaternary ammonium disinfectant has monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt and dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt two classes, and the former is representative with the benzalkonium bromide, is called as first generation quaternary ammonium salt bactericide, and they only can kill general brood body and lipophilic virus.The latter is representative with hundred poisonings (two ten alkyl-dimethyl ammonium chlorides), can kill various microorganisms, the brood cell who comprises bacterium, belong to high effect disinfectants, be called as third generation quaternary ammonium salt bactericide (Xue Wenqing etc. quaternary cationic surfactant disinfectant progress. Chinese hospital infection magazine, 2002,8:634-636).But quaternary cationic surfactant Disinfection Effect when using separately is bad, usually is vulnerable to the influence of the factors such as kind, pH value, temperature, concentration and organic matter of microorganism.Shitosan is the natural polycation polysaccharide of a class that natural world extensively exists, and has excellent biological compatibility, and nonirritant, has no side effect.Shitosan and low molecular chitosan all have antibacterial action preferably, but there is bigger difference in their antibiotic mechanism.There is report to think that shitosan gathers at the cell wall place easily as a kind of natural polycation, stops nutriment to enter cell, make cell failure death by cell wall; Low molecular chitosan then can hinder DNA to the transcribing of RNA, and influences the growth and breeding of bacterium, thereby produces antibacterial action.Iodine has been used for the history in existing 150 years of body sterilization, but because the solvability of iodine in water is very little, has only 1.315 * 10 under 25 ℃
-3Mol/L can not be made into aqueous formulation and use; Easily distillation at room temperature, the content instability; Shortcomings such as excitant are arranged and limited its extensive use mucocutaneous.At present, widely used Iodophor class disinfectant is to be carrier with organic polymer or surface reactive material mostly, by network structure or the micella that forms between carrier molecule, with the conformational effect in electronics and space with iodine " constraint " in wherein, thereby change the free state of iodine in general Operand, make its stability and bactericidal action enhancing, excitant and xanthochromia reduction.But this class is that product original micella power meeting after diluting of carrier is destroyed with the surface reactive material, makes the stability decreases of active iodine, thereby influences its sterilization effect.At present, most widely used Iodophor class disinfectant is the povidone iodine complex compound in China, is recorded in version " two ones of Chinese pharmacopoeia in 2000.But polyvidone is less to the solvability of iodine, and molecular weight big (can up to 70000), and difficult by biological degradation, the long-term use can produce harmful effect to environment.In addition, itself there is no bactericidal action polyvidone, just forms micella as a kind of surface-active carrier, improves the stability of iodine molecule.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride iodine complex disinfection solution can overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art with the product of its preparation.
A kind of preparation method of low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride iodine complex disinfection solution, it is characterized in that low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride or low molecular chitosan solution under stirring condition, with two alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts, dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt, a kind of in the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, two kinds or all by 10: the weight ratio of 1.0-5.0 mixes, after this mixed liquor is heated to 55-65 ℃, again by low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride or low molecular chitosan solution: iodine: iodate is 10: the weight ratio of 0.01-0.3: 0.005-0.01 adds iodine and iodate, be incubated 55-65 ℃ of reaction after 1.0-3.0 hour, be cooled to room temperature.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) the carrier low molecular chitosan of product of the present invention or its quaternary ammonium salt are the derivatives that derives from the tegument glycan, and degraded to low-molecular-weight (weight average molecular weight＜10000), natural degradation speed than existing like product is faster, noresidue in environment is a kind of disinfectant of environment-friendly type.(2) the carrier low molecular chitosan of product of the present invention or its quaternary ammonium salt itself promptly have good antibacterial action, and two alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts are described as the disinfectant of new generation of " the 5th generation quaternary ammonium salt " especially, complexing is carried out with iodine in their composite backs, each component with different antimicrobial spectrums is acted synergistically mutually, improved the sterilization effect of product greatly, be simple chitosan iodine preparation and quaternary ammonium salt Operand can not compare.(3) adding of iodate has good synergistic effect in the product of the present invention, because of iodine can exist in water in a variety of forms, and I wherein
2, HOI, H
2O
+Three kinds of forms of I are considered to play an important role in bactericidal action, but HOI can generate HIO by further disproportionation
3, iodine and water reaction constantly generate HOI and I
-, above-mentioned disproportionation is constantly carried out, thereby the available iodine of important bactericidal action is constantly reduced, and the adding of iodate can suppress the carrying out of disproportionation, constantly keeps I in the water
2With the concentration of HOI, has stronger bactericidal effect than like product.(4) because two alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt has the dication group, iodine had powerful complexing power, with dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt and monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt carry out composite after, to the existing ligand complex of iodine, again micella power and physisorption are arranged, the stability of product of the present invention is further improved; And still have certain viscosity through low-molecular weight chitoglycan or its quaternary ammonium salt that degraded obtains, and can play certain slow releasing function to iodine, have more stable lasting sterilization effect than like product.(5) because low molecular chitosan has the favorable tissue compatibility, to the skin nonirritant, human body is had no side effect, on this basis through its toxicity of low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride of quaternized preparation also far below other quaternary cationics, therefore product of the present invention is a carrier with them, and is lower than the excitant and the toxicity of existing like product.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below by some specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Get the 0.5g weight average molecular weight and be 8550 low molecular chitosan hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride, separate (can filter with 300 mesh sieve thin,tough silk) if any a small amount of insoluble matter with 78mL is water-soluble, adding the two dodecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts of 4.6g, the two sufferings of 8.4g/decyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 7.5g dodecylbenzyl ammonium chloride under stirring condition successively mixes, this mixed liquor is warming up to 60 ℃, add 0.95g iodine and 0.05g Potassiumiodate, insulation reaction 3.0h, be cooled to room temperature, the dark-brown liquid that obtains is thimerosal of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Get the 1.0g weight average molecular weight and be low molecule N-dodecyl-N of 5300, N-dimethyl chitosan iodide quaternary ammonium salt, separate (can filter with 300 mesh sieve thin,tough silk) if any a small amount of insoluble matter with 88mL is water-soluble, adding the two dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides of 10.5g under stirring condition mixes, this mixed liquor is warming up to 65 ℃, add 0.45g iodine and 0.05g Potassiumiodate, insulation reaction 1.5h is cooled to room temperature promptly.
Embodiment 3
Get the 0.2g weight average molecular weight and be 6150 low molecular chitosan hydroxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride, separate (can filter with 300 mesh sieve thin,tough silk) if any a small amount of insoluble matter with 76mL is water-soluble, under stirring condition, add the two sufferings of 3.5g double hexadecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt, 12.5g/decyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride successively, the 6.0g polyoxyethylene nonylphenol mixes, this mixed liquor is warming up to 60 ℃, add the 1.5g iodine, insulation reaction 3.0h is cooled to room temperature promptly.
Embodiment 4
Get the 1.5g weight average molecular weight and be 5850 low molecule N, N-dibutyl-N-methyl iodate chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, separate (can filter with 300 mesh sieve thin,tough silk) if any a small amount of insoluble matter with 78mL is water-soluble, under stirring condition, add the two dodecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts of 7.0g successively, the two dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides of 12.7g mix, this mixed liquor is warming up to 55 ℃, add 0.75g iodine and 0.05g Potassiumiodate, insulation reaction 3.0h is cooled to room temperature promptly.
Embodiment 5
Get the 2.0g weight average molecular weight and be 3450 low molecular chitosan, aqueous acetic acid dissolving (can filter with 300 mesh sieve thin,tough silk) with 76mL1% if any a small amount of insoluble matter, adding the two dodecyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts of 4.0g, the two sufferings of 10.0g/decyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 7.0g dodecylbenzyl ammonium chloride under stirring condition successively mixes, this mixed liquor is warming up to 65 ℃, add 0.95g iodine and 0.05g Potassiumiodate, insulation reaction 2.0h is cooled to room temperature promptly.
Low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride of the present invention has following general formula:
R wherein
1Be 2-hydroxyl 1-3 propylidene; R
2For containing the alkyl of 8-16 carbon atom.Of the present invention pair of alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt has following general formula:
R
1, R
2For containing the alkyl of 8-16 carbon atom
Dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt of the present invention and monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt are the quaternary ammonium salt that contains 8-16 carbon atom alkyl chain length.
Low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride of the present invention or low molecular chitosan solution quality percentage concentration are 0.1-3%; It is 10 with ratio a kind of, two kinds or whole weight sum in two alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts, dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt, the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt: 1.0-5.0; The weight ratio of it and iodine and iodate is respectively 10: 0.01-0.3: 0.005-0.01.Described insulation reaction temperature is 55-65 ℃, and the time is 1.0-3.0 hour.
Claims (5)
- The preparation method of 1 one kinds of low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride iodine complex disinfection solution, it is characterized in that low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride or low molecular chitosan solution under stirring condition, with two alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salts, dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt, a kind of in the monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, two kinds or all by 10: the weight ratio of 1.0-5.0 mixes, after this mixed liquor is heated to 55-65 ℃, again by low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride or low molecular chitosan solution: iodine: iodate is 10: the weight ratio of 0.01-0.3: 0.005-0.01 adds iodine and iodate, be incubated 55-65 ℃ of reaction after 1.0-3.0 hour, be cooled to room temperature.
- 2 according to the described preparation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride has following general formula, and its weight average molecular weight≤10,000
R wherein 1Be 2-hydroxyl-1, the 3-propylidene; R 2For containing the alkyl of 8-16 carbon atom. - 3 according to the described preparation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described pair of alkyl bi-quaternary ammonium salt has following general formula:R wherein 1, R 2For containing the alkyl of 8-16 carbon atom.
- 4 according to the described preparation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt and monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt are the quaternary ammonium salt that contains 8-16 carbon atom alkyl chain length.
- 5 according to the described preparation method of claim 1, and the mass percentage concentration that it is characterized in that low molecular n-trimethyl chitosan chloride or low molecular chitosan solution is 0.1-3%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03112578 CN1225981C (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-17 | Preparatino method of low-molecular chitosar quaternary ammonium salt complex iodine clear venom |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03112578 CN1225981C (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2003-06-17 | Preparatino method of low-molecular chitosar quaternary ammonium salt complex iodine clear venom |
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| CN1225981C true CN1225981C (en) | 2005-11-09 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1331890C (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2007-08-15 | 浙江大学 | Process for preparing chitosan quaternary ammonium salt |
| CN1331397C (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2007-08-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bi-dodecyl double quaternary ammonium salt iodine attached bactericide |
| CN1320856C (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2007-06-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Bi-dodecyl double quaternary ammonium salt iodine attached bactericide preparation method |
| CN103858875B (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省泰和水处理有限公司 | High-efficiency sterilization composition of circulating water system |
| CN104434994A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 成都顺发消洗科技有限公司 | Mucocutaneous disinfectant |
| CN104434995A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-25 | 成都顺发消洗科技有限公司 | Preparation method of mucocutaneous disinfectant |
| CN111991588A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-27 | 安徽省天长市周氏羊业有限公司 | Sheep pen disinfection method suitable for captive mutton sheep |
| CN115873452A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-31 | 深圳市泰科科技有限公司 | Mildew-proof antibacterial water-based color paste and preparation method thereof |
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