CN1225212C - Vapour explosion cracking method for cell wall of marine algae - Google Patents
Vapour explosion cracking method for cell wall of marine algae Download PDFInfo
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- CN1225212C CN1225212C CNB021532966A CN02153296A CN1225212C CN 1225212 C CN1225212 C CN 1225212C CN B021532966 A CNB021532966 A CN B021532966A CN 02153296 A CN02153296 A CN 02153296A CN 1225212 C CN1225212 C CN 1225212C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a vapor explosion cracking method for the cell walls of seaweed. The method comprises the following step: 1) wet seaweed is put in a vapor explosion tank, and saturated vapor is led in the vapor explosion tank until the temperature in the tank reaches 80 to 100 DEG and is kept for 1 to 8 minutes; 2) the supply of the saturated vapor is stopped, and high-pressure air is led in the vapor explosion tank until pressure in the vapor explosion tank reaches 0.8 to 1.5MPa; 3), the pressure is instantly reduced and released, and the wet seaweed with the wall-cracking rate of 100% is obtained; otherwise, in the step 3), the pressure is instantly reduced and released, the wet seaweed is put in a normal-pressure cyclone separator for carrying out vapor and solid separation for obtaining seaweed products with wall-cracking rate of 100%; the vapor explosion tank is a conventional vapor explosion tank, particularly a vapor explosion tank with a fast opening door and two-way air inlets for high pressure air and saturated vapor. The method has the advantages of no environment pollution and simple and easy operation. The seaweed products prepared by the method have the wall-cracking rate of 100%, don't need to be pulverized and can be directly dried for processing and preparing functional seaweed food with a high nutritive value and a good mouth feel, agar, carrageenan, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing method of a kind of marine alga, particularly a kind of vapour explosion wall method of alginic cell wall.
Background technology
Marine alga is one of the abundantest source of functional food and seaweed chemical product, the nutriment that it is rich in, much be not have in the terrestrial plant but health is highly profitable, have more balanced good protein and gamma-Linolenic acid, beta carotene etc. as marine alga.Spirulinas etc. just are decided to be the most eutrophic following food by the United Nations.Marine alga is not only following human most important group food source, and is the valuable source of algal polysaccharides products such as preparation agar, carragheen.
China has very sufficient marine algae resource, but because the cell membrane (phycocolloid layer) that alginic cell has a thick-layer to be made of complicated polysaccharide such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, thereby caused utilizing of marine algae resource limited.The method of processing marine alga at present in the world is with modes such as acid, alkali, high temperature, high pressure the cell membrane in the marine alga (phycocolloid layer) to be cleared up mostly, as in the agar production technology of the U.S., need to add cell membrane [the H.H.Selby and R.L.Whistler that sulfuric acid destroys marine alga, Agar, in Industrial Gums, 3
RdEd, Academic Press, Inc.1993].The technology of extracting chemical products at present from marine alga is in the level in 60-70 age in 20th century all the time, and not only cost height, and processing and utilization rate is low, causes environmental pollution easily.If can propose a kind of new method,, will bring huge variation to whole marine alga industry with quick, easy and contamination-freely the alginic cell wall is cleared up.
The quick-fried technology of vapour is Canadian A.Delong invention in 1980, and it mainly used the preparation fiberboard at that time.And domestic research to explosion pulping begins from the mid-80.The common ground of these technologies is to be raw material with timber, remains to use the chemicals pre-treatment of chips earlier, carries out the quick-fried pulping and paper-making of vapour again.Like this, still need add a large amount of chemicals, cause environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of any chemicals that do not add, to the vapour explosion wall method of alginic cell wall, can realize the alginic cell wall is carried out quick, easy, and free of contamination processing has solved the medium-term and long-term problem that exists of marine alga processing.
Technical regulation case of the present invention is as follows:
The vapour explosion wall method of alginic cell wall provided by the invention may further comprise the steps successively:
(a) the Mare Humorum algae is placed steam-explosion jar, feed saturated vapor, extremely temperature reaches 80～100 ℃ in the jar, and keeps 1～8 minute;
(b) afterwards, stop to supply with saturated vapor, feed pressure-air to the quick-fried filling of vapour, pressure reaches 0.8～1.5MPa to the steam-explosion jar;
(c) instant decompression discharges, and makes sporoderm-broken rate and reaches 100% seaweed products;
Described marine alga is large-scale economical alga or little algae; Described large-scale economical alga is that described little algae is a spirulina through The washed Laminaria, laver, agar, Chinese little greens, Sha Caizao or glue Eucheuma algae; Described step (c) is: instant decompression is released into carries out in the normal pressure cyclone separator vapour, the solid separation, makes sporoderm-broken rate and be 100% seaweed products; Employed steam-explosion jar can be conventional steam-explosion jar; Employed steam-explosion jar can be has the steam-explosion jar that opens the door fast with pressure-air and saturated steam bilateral air agreement.
The sporoderm-broken rate of the seaweed products that method of the present invention obtains can reach 100%; Its concrete operations step is: insert marine alga in the jar fast by the steam-explosion jar quick operating valve, feed saturated vapor earlier, after making a jar interior temperature reach 80～100 ℃, after keeping 1～8min, the steam off valve is opened the pressure-air valve, feed pressure-air to the quick-fried filling of vapour, after making steam-explosion jar pressure reach 0.8～1.5Mpa, open the blowing ball valve immediately, material is spurted in the normal pressure toilet-cleaning jar.In this course, the cell membrane of marine alga (phycocolloid layer) moment broken wall, the alginic cell inclusion dissociates out.
The seaweed products that the inventive method obtains can be applicable to process the marine alga functional food, perhaps extract chemical products such as agar or carragheen.
In the method for the alginic cell wall being carried out steam explosive-crushing cell membrane broken wall treatment provided by the invention, through the seaweed products after the processing of vapour explosion wall, its sporoderm-broken rate reaches 100%, material dissociates out in the alginic cell, therefore, needn't pulverize again, can directly dry and be processed into functional food, this functional food is convenient to assimilate, and has the local flavor of unique dilated food; By comparison, will be processed into food, need special pulverizing, and nutrient utilization be incomplete in the cell, also need add the local flavor raw material without the marine alga that vapour explosion wall is handled; And this method environmentally safe, operation is simple; Utilize method processing marine alga functional food of the present invention, not only simplified processing technology, and improved the nutritive value and the mouthfeel of marine alga functional food.
Provided by the invention the alginic cell wall is carried out the seaweed products that method that the steam explosive-crushing cell membrane handles obtains and utilize.As laver, agar, Chinese little greens etc. as raw material, adopt conventional method to extract agar, can simplify the acidolysis preprocessing process of raw material in the extraction process, be that the technology that raw material extracts agar is compared with adopting the marine alga of handling without vapour explosion wall, and the agar yield has improved 5～10%.With Sha Caizao, glue Eucheuma algae etc. is raw material, can save alkali treatment in traditional carragheen production process, has not only improved the recovery rate (recovery rate of carragheen has improved 4～8%) of carragheen, and has avoided the environmental pollution of alkali treatment liquid.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment the present invention is launched further instruction.
Embodiment 1
The Mare Humorum band is inserted in the steam-explosion jar, feeds earlier saturated vapor, make a jar interior temperature reach 100 ℃ after, keep 2min, after stopping saturated vapor and supplying with, feed pressure-air to the quick-fried filling of vapour, make that pressure reaches 1.5Mpa in the jar, open the blowing ball valve, material is spurted in the normal pressure cyclone separator.In this course, the cell membrane of sea-tangle (phycocolloid layer) moment broken wall, cell inclusion dissociates out, afterwards, the sea-tangle product that obtains is directly dried, and pulverizes and is processed into the sea-tangle functional food.Because through the seaweed products after the processing of vapour explosion wall, its sporoderm-broken rate reaches 100%, material dissociates out in the alginic cell, and this functional food is convenient to assimilate, and has the local flavor of unique dilated food.
Embodiment 2
The equipment that present embodiment adopts is a kind of large-scale (5m
3), have steam-explosion jar that open the door fast and bilateral air agreement (pressure-air and saturated steam).
The processing step of present embodiment is as follows: insert in the steam-explosion jar by the steam-explosion jar quick operating valve agar that will wet, feed saturated vapor earlier, make a jar interior temperature reach 80 ℃ after, keep 6min; The steam off valve is opened the pressure-air valve, feeds pressure-air in steam-explosion jar, and extremely pressure reaches 1.2Mpa in the jar; Open the blowing ball valve, material is spurted in the normal pressure cyclone separator.In this course, the cell membrane of agar (phycocolloid layer) moment broken wall, cell inclusion dissociates out.Adopting the agar of the quick-fried processing of vapour is raw material, saves the acidolysis preprocessing process, and other extract agar [H.H.Selby and R.L.Whistler, Agar, in Industrial Gums, 3 according to U.S.'s agar production method
RdEd, Academic Press, Inc.1993].
The alginic cell wall sporoderm-broken rate of handling through vapour explosion wall reaches 100%, makes the agar yield improve 5～10%.
Embodiment 3
The equipment that present embodiment adopts is a kind of large-scale (5m
3), have steam-explosion jar that open the door fast and bilateral air agreement (pressure-air and saturated steam).
The processing step of present embodiment is as follows: insert in the steam-explosion jar by the steam-explosion jar quick operating valve Sha Caizao that will wet, feed saturated vapor earlier, to jar in a temperature reach about 90 ℃, keep 1min; Close steam valve, open the pressure-air valve, feed pressure-air in the quick-fried filling of vapour, extremely pressure reaches 0.8Mpa in the jar; Open the blowing ball valve, material is spurted in the normal pressure cyclone separator.In this course, the cell membrane of Sha Caizao (phycocolloid layer) moment broken wall, sporoderm-broken rate reaches 100%, and its cell inclusion dissociates out.Adopting the Sha Caizao of the quick-fried processing of vapour is raw material, save the alkali treatment process, other according to " production of agar and carragheen and application " (Wang Ming and writing, the ocean goes out newspaper office, calendar year 2001, Beijing) described method extraction carragheen (extraction-filtration-cooling-dehydration-drying).The alginic cell wall sporoderm-broken rate of handling through vapour explosion wall reaches 100%, can save alkali treatment in traditional carragheen production process, not only improve the recovery rate (recovery rate of carragheen has improved 4～8%) of carragheen, and avoided the environmental pollution of alkali treatment liquid.
In sum, the invention has the advantages that: (1) used expanded medium is air and part steam, and expanded medium cost of material is low; (2) in vapour explosion wall processing procedure, do not add water and any acid-base material, do not have a large amount of organic wastewaters and active ingredient to run off; (3) effectively destroyed the cell membrane of marine alga, cell inclusion can fully dissociate out, improves utilization ratio of raw materials and recovery rate greatly; (4) equipment investment is few, and is simple to operate.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of vapour explosion wall method of alginic cell wall may further comprise the steps successively:
(a) the Mare Humorum algae is placed steam-explosion jar, feed saturated vapor, extremely temperature reaches 80-100 ℃ in the jar, and keeps 1-8 minute;
(b) afterwards, stop to supply with saturated vapor, feed pressure-air to steam-explosion jar, pressure reaches 0.8-1.5MPa to the steam-explosion jar;
(C) instant decompression discharges, and makes sporoderm-broken rate and reaches 100% seaweed products;
Described marine alga is large-scale economical alga.
2, by the vapour explosion wall method of the described alginic cell wall of claim 1, it is characterized in that described large-scale economical alga is through The washed Laminaria, laver, agar, Chinese little greens, Sha Caizao or glue Eucheuma algae.
3, by the vapour explosion wall method of the described alginic cell wall of claim 1, it is characterized in that the instant decompression of described step (C) is released to the blowing ball valve of opening steam-explosion jar, material is spurted to the normal pressure cyclone separator carry out vapour, the solid separation.
By the vapour explosion wall method of the described alginic cell wall of claim 1, it is characterized in that 4, employed steam-explosion jar is conventional steam-explosion jar.
By the vapour explosion wall method of the described alginic cell wall of claim 1, it is characterized in that 5, employed steam-explosion jar is to have the steam-explosion jar that opens the door fast with pressure-air and water vapour bilateral air agreement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB021532966A CN1225212C (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2002-11-27 | Vapour explosion cracking method for cell wall of marine algae |
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| CNB021532966A CN1225212C (en) | 2002-11-27 | 2002-11-27 | Vapour explosion cracking method for cell wall of marine algae |
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| CN1502273A CN1502273A (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| CN1225212C true CN1225212C (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1319618C (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2007-06-06 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Air-vapor coupling vapor exploding ephedrine wall breaking method |
| CN100374042C (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2008-03-12 | 郑铁钢 | Method for breaking plant cell wall |
| CN100352913C (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2007-12-05 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Wall breaking method of microalgae cell |
| FR2933870B1 (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2012-01-13 | Ct Valorisation Ind Agro Ressources | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING ALGAE EXTRACTS AND USE OF SUCH EXTRACTS |
| CN101953855A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-01-26 | 明博医药技术开发（上海）有限公司 | Preparation method and application for lactobacillus cell wall lysate |
| CN102020705B (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-08-15 | 长江大学 | Method for preparing spirulina protein isolate |
| CN102504999B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2016-04-13 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Treatment method of microalgae |
| CN104098711B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-08-31 | 黄俊勇 | The fucoidin extracting process of algal polysaccharides |
| CN103478222A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2014-01-01 | 兴化市绿禾食品有限公司 | Method for manufacturing dehydrated broccoli |
| CN105709209A (en) * | 2016-01-17 | 2016-06-29 | 新乡医学院第一附属医院 | Medicine for treating tumor and preparation method thereof |
| CN107628978A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-01-26 | 浦江县昂宝生物技术有限公司 | The extracting method of Determination of Astaxanthin in Haematococcus Pluvialis |
| CN107827962A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-03-23 | 广西天峨县果然美食品有限公司 | A kind of method that phycoerythrin is extracted from seaweed |
| CN108077941A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 广东正当年生物科技有限公司 | A kind of algae peptide combinations and preparation method and application |
| CN108402392A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-08-17 | 江南大学 | It is a kind of to dodge the method and product that quick-fried technical finesse wheat bran produces wholemeal using air |
| CN110074418B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2023-05-09 | 山东探克生物科技股份有限公司 | Extraction method of seaweed dietary fibers |
| CN110330362A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-15 | 清正生态科技(苏州)有限公司 | Cyanobacteria steam explosion recycling system |
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