CN1221554A - Coated seeds and its prepn. method - Google Patents

Abstract

A coated seed suitable for aquatic or semi-aquatic crops, vegetables, flowers and soilless cultured plant features that chitosan is used as coating. Its advantages include high resistance to diseases, benefiting storage and promoting growth of seedlings.

Description

Capsuled seed and its preparation method

The present invention relates to agricultural and go up to adopt the capsuled seed method, promote seed to be more conducive to characteristics such as disease-resistant, storage and seedling growth.

Adopt seed coating technology in agricultural production, to have obvious advantage and by state's extensive uses such as America and Europes; adopt seed coating technology can make various adding ingredients direct; be evenly distributed in around the seed; and needn't be dispersed in large quantities in the seedbed; therefore the usage amount of various fertilizer and farmingization product has minimizing significantly; seed is more protected in storage be not easy devitalization; seed to easy devitalization has more important function especially; it is neat to adopt seed coating technology to reach germination owing to interpolation sprouting promoter promotes to sprout; improve emergence rate; inoculate useful microorganism as inoculating root pain seedling etc.; help leguminous plant body knurl; fixed nitrogen; or raising output; some liable to infection crops are added various insecticides by seed coating technology or other agricultural chemicals infect to prevent insect pest or other harmful microbes; because the seed water soluble of general dressing or even circuitous water promptly change; so the application of present seed coating technology is limited to the living crop of drought; paddy rice to China and Asia chief crop does not but see use, and this mainly is technical measures such as cultivating and need pass through seed soaking because paddy rice need be poured water.

Shitosan (chitosan) is the price reduction product of chitin.It has good film forming characteristics; shitosan after the peracid dissolving can form the slightly pearly luster that is insoluble in water at the surface of solids; translucent film; utilize shitosan to handle the at present existing many examples of seed; spray winter wheat seed as U.S. Freepoms with 2% shitosan; every mu of volume increase 34.1% of result; applied for European patent (European Patent 0243695A2); U.S. Reden-baugh has applied for utilizing shitosan to carry out artificial seed and has used patent (US.Patent; 4562663) although shitosan can be widely used in food industry; medical industry; the agricultural and other are as environmental protection such as Industrial Wastewater Treatment; and water purification etc., but utilize shitosan as aquatic; the semi-aquatic crop; vegetables; the coating material of flower seed and the aquicultural seed of soil-less cultivation still is not reported.

The present invention seeks to propose to be applicable to aquatic, semi-aquatic crop, vegetables, flower seed and soil-less cultivation shitosan type seed pelleting prescription and utilize that this formulation is aquatic, capsuled seed that semi-aquatic crop or vegetables, flowers and soil-less cultivation are used.

Shitosan type coating agent for seed of the present invention can be in 1: 20-1: 50 ratio and above-mentioned all kinds of seed stir then with 42 ℃ of-50 ℃ of hot blast dryings mutually or dry naturally.

KNO is adopted in the design of this prescription ₃As breathing hydrogen acceptor, substitute general oxygenate such as calper calcium peroxide, replenish nitrate nitrogen simultaneously; help seed germination and seedling growth, and be furnished with the necessary trace element of plant growing, this prescription main material adopts shitosan; to people and animals' avirulence, safe and reliable, help environmental protection.

The prescription of shitosan type coating agent for seed (or claiming kind of a clothing agent): every liter of distilled water contains

Shitosan (can use little acetic acid solution earlier) 5-20 gram

KNO ₃The 1-5 gram

H ₃BO ₃0.01-0.05 gram

CuSO ₄5H ₂O 0.01-0.05 gram

ZnSO ₄7H ₂O 0.05-0.1 gram

(NH ₄) ₆MO ₇O ₄4H ₂O 0.01-0.05 gram

MnSO ₄H ₂O 0.05-0.5 gram

50 milliliters of 75% ethanol

Pigment is an amount of

Regulate PH to 5.0

The shitosan type coating agent for seed that adopts above-mentioned prescription is by 1: (promptly 1 liter of coating agent for seed can be with handling seed with the seed rate of 20 kilograms to 50 kilograms aquatic, semi-aquatics, crop or vegetables, flowers or soil-less cultivation and seed is mixed mixed for 20-50, push open then and dry, or with 40 ℃ of-50 ℃ of hot blast dryings.Can use mechanical agitation during as large-scale production, fully mix thoroughly, conveyer belt disperses, hot blast drying with 40 ℃-50 ℃, this prescription coating material is evenly distributed on the surface of the seed easily, and be difficult for adhered to one another, the seed pelleting that is obtained is insoluble in water, it has slow releasing function, but do not influence water and penetrate seed, do not influence seed germination, for example can mix with other water-soluble solutions with the solution that contains plant hormone such as gibberellin as needs and to mix, pigment adds can reach according to different seeds and adopts the purpose of different colours with mutual differentiation, and shitosan itself has film forming agent simultaneously, antibacterial action and growth-promoting effect be not in actual applications because of reducing environmental pollution with agricultural chemicals.

Advantage of the present invention: aquatic products waste materials such as employing crab shell extract the main material of the shitosan of acquisition as prescription.Shitosan itself has film forming agent simultaneously, and antibacterial action and growth-promoting effect are safe and reliable to people and animals' avirulence, help environmental protection.Adopt potassium nitrate as breathing hydrogen acceptor, replace general oxygenate such as calper calcium peroxide, replenish nitrate nitrogen simultaneously, help seed germination and seedling growth; The necessary trace element of being furnished with plant growing helps seedling growth.

Further specify the present invention with embodiment below, but the present invention is not limited

Embodiment 1:

Take by weighing shitosan 5 grams earlier, add the little acetic acid dissolving, add 500 milliliters of distilled water again, add KNO ₃1 gram, H ₃BO ₃0.02 gram, CuSO ₄5H ₂O 0.01 gram, ZnSO ₄7H ₂O 0.05 gram, MnSO ₄H ₂O 0.2 gram, (NH ₄) ₆MO ₇O ₄4H ₂O 0.01 gram adds 50 milliliter of 75% ethanol, adds pigment and adds water to 1000 milliliters in right amount again, stirs, and regulates PH to 5.

Shell is got sugared type coating agent for seed preparation and is finished, according to coating agent for seed and seed rate 1: 20-1: 50 mix mixed with seed, push open then and dry, or with 40 ℃ of-50 ℃ of hot blast dryings, when a large amount of production, can seed and coating agent for seed be mixed and stirred in proportion with mechanical agitation, conveyer belt disperses, and hot blast dries up for 40 ℃-50 ℃, and is standby.

Embodiment 2:

Take by weighing shitosan 10 grams, add the little acetic acid dissolving, add 500 milliliters of distilled water again, add KNO ₃1.5 gram, H ₃BO ₃0.025 gram, CuSO ₄5H ₂O 0.025 gram, ZnSO ₄7H ₂O 0.075 gram, (NH ₄) ₆MO ₇O ₄4H ₂The O0.025 gram, MnSO ₄H ₂O 0.1 gram, 50 milliliters of 75% ethanol, pigment is an amount of, adds water to 1000 milliliters again, stirs, and solution is clearly, regulates PH to 5, and all the other methods are with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3:

Take by weighing shitosan 20 grams, add the little acetic acid dissolving, add 500 milliliters of distilled water again, add KNO ₃2.5 gram, H ₃BO ₃0.05 gram, CuSO ₄5H ₂O 0.05 gram, ZnSO ₄7H ₂O 0.1 gram, (NH ₄) ₆MO ₇O ₄4H ₂The O0.05 gram, MnSO ₄H ₂O 0.5 gram, 50 milliliters of 75% ethanol, pigment is an amount of, adds water to 1000 milliliters again, stirs, and solution is clearly, regulates PH to 5, and all the other methods are with embodiment 1.

Claims (3)

1, the capsuled seed of aquatic, semi-aquatic crop or vegetables, flowers or soil-less cultivation seed, it is characterized in that adopting shitosan type coating agent for seed, ratio in coating agent for seed and cereal seed is 1: 20-1: 50 mix mutually mixed, then with 42-50 ℃ of hot blast drying or dry naturally.

2, capsuled seed according to claim 1 adopts shitosan type coating agent for seed, it is characterized in that shitosan type seed pelleting agent prescription is that every liter of distilled water contains:

Shitosan 5-20 gram

KNO ₃The 1-5 gram

H ₃BO ₃0.01-0.05 gram

CuSO ₄5H ₂O 0.01-0.05 gram

ZnSO ₄7H ₂O 0.05-0.1 gram

(NH ₄) ₆MO ₇O ₄4H ₂O 0.01-0.05 gram

MnSO ₄H ₂O 0.05-0.5 gram

50 milliliters of 75% ethanol

Pigment is an amount of

Regulate PH to 5.0.

3, capsuled seed according to claim 1, the capsuled seed that it is characterized in that being applicable to aquatic, semi-aquatic crop or vegetables, flowers or soil-less cultivation seed is paddy rice particularly, also can be used for oenanthe stolonifera, water shield, Lythrum salicaria, reality, and water lily, aquatic, semi-aquatic seed.