CN1218381A - 固定部件和利用固定部件固定的韧带 - Google Patents
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/08—Muscles; Tendons; Ligaments
- A61F2/0811—Fixation devices for tendons or ligaments
- A61F2002/0876—Position of anchor in respect to the bone
- A61F2002/0882—Anchor in or on top of a bone tunnel, i.e. a hole running through the entire bone
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种将韧带固定到人类或动物的骨骼部分上的固定部件,包括:一个中空的基本上为圆柱形的构件,它可固定在骨骼部分上的连续开口内;以及一个用于可至少在两个相互不同的轴向位置上固定到圆柱形构件上的韧带的接合件。本发明还涉及一种利用至少一个这种固定部件固定到骨骼部分上的韧带。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于将韧带连接到人类或动物的骨骼部分上的固定部件，并涉及利用至少一个这种固定部件固定到骨骼部分上的韧带。
当一个韧带受到损伤时，例如腘绳肌腱撕裂(韧带破裂)时，可以通过手术安装一个新的韧带(塑料韧带)。由身体的其它部位取出的韧带材料可用于这种新的韧带，但是塑性材料(塑料韧带)也可用于这一目的。这种韧带的固定可例如采用具有齿环的螺栓，U形钉，骨栓，齿形栓等来进行。利用骨栓进行固定时要求在骨骼部分上开设连续开口，穿过该开口放置待固定的韧带。用于开设连续开口的骨骼部分的骨段紧挨着韧带，使得韧带被骨段或骨栓牢固地夹持在连续开口中。所有这些固定方法常常被单独地或组合地使用。
现有的固定方法的缺点在于，很难使韧带具有并保持正确的张力。从而造成功能下降、疼痛及不稳定感。对于利用由身体的其它部位(同源体)取下的韧带材料制成的韧带，它的一个特有的缺点是，在手术时按照正确的张力安装的韧带随着时间的推移会变松，由此其不稳定性会再次增加。塑料韧带材料的一个缺点是，它具有一个有限的寿命，从而在经过数年之后，它通常会断裂。因此，必须更换韧带，而这需要再进行另一次大手术。
本发明的目的是将一个韧带固定在一个骨骼部分上，从而使得能够很简单地保持韧带或相应地改变张力以用另一个韧带替代一个固定的韧带。
为达到这一目的，本发明提供了一种固定部件，用于将韧带连接到人类或动物的骨骼部分上，该固定构件包括：
-一个中空的可固定在骨骼部分的连续开口内的基本上为圆柱形的构件，以及
-一个用于至少可在两个相互不同的轴向位置上固定在圆柱形构件上的韧带的接合件。该圆柱形构件的外壁最好具有一个便于稳定地将其固定在骨骼部分上的外形轮廓。圆柱形构件对于连接在韧带上的接合件构成可供选择的连接方案。接合件能够以一种比较简单的方式连接到圆柱形构件上，借此，可以比较容易地实现接合件相对于圆柱形构件的位移，或者借此可以将固定有韧带的接合件从圆柱形构件上卸下以便用一个同样装有接合件的新的韧带进行替换，而且不论什么类型的韧带均可。下面将会明白，在这里，极其重要的一点是圆柱形构件必须刚性地连接到骨骼部分上。所采用的操作技术与通常所采用的技术没有很大的差别。为了简单地实现圆柱形构件与接合件之间的连接，圆柱形构件的内壁最好具有一个与用于韧带的接合件协同动作的外形轮廓。这种内部的外形可最好由内螺纹构成。为了使接合件能够简单而良好地与圆柱形构件相连接，接合件的外侧最好也具有一个与圆柱形构件的内侧相互协同动作的外形轮廓。这种外形轮廓最好也由螺纹构成。韧带张力的调整例如可以采用有限的外科手术进行，譬如在局部麻醉的情况下进行切口。在一个优选实施例中，可以为固定部件安装一个可进行远程控制的调整装置。这里，可以设想例如采用微型电动机或电磁感应原理。于是，可以利用一个遥控器或者在生成线上或者当患者被连接到膝部松弛程度测试设备上时对韧带的张力进行“现场”调整。在这一点上，其它解决方案也是可行的，例如热敏材料或者可用一个移动的磁场控制的调整装置。
由于具有这样永久地固定在骨骼上的中空圆柱形构件的结构，需要进行可能的修正的操作是非常有限的，同时与现有的韧带固定方式相比，进行修正所需的时间可显著缩短。这种修正可用关节内窥镜来进行。
在圆柱形构件的至少一侧，其内侧最好顺滑地移入该圆柱形构件的端壁内。当圆柱形构件被置于骨骼部分中从而随着内侧顺滑地平移入圆柱形构件的端壁中形成韧带沿其被安装到圆柱形构件中的侧面时，可以防止由于与尖锐的边缘相接触而造成的韧带的过渡磨损。
接合件最好安装有用于夹紧韧带的装置。夹紧韧带具有以下的优点，即韧带材料不会受损或很难受损，同时，对于特定手术所需的韧带长度可尽可能地保持在一定的限度。不论植入体(同源体韧带，塑料韧带或者它们的组合体)的类型如何均可使用该接合件。
在一个优选实施例中，接合件包括一个连续的开口，一个用于夹持韧带的夹持件可固定于该开口中。这种夹持结构是非常可靠的，同时在使用中也是很简单的。
在另一个优选实施例中，接合件可通过插入一个弹性构件而与圆柱形构件相连接。借助这种弹性连接，尽管例如随着时间的推移韧带材料会发生拉伸，但仍可保持韧带张力为恒定的。另一个优点是，加在韧带上的峰值负载可至少被该弹性件部分地吸收，从而不会很快地造成对韧带的损伤。
在又一个优选实施例中，接合件在远离韧带的一侧设置有至少一个凹槽和/或凸起部，用于接合一个调整装置，该调整装置用于改变接合件相对于圆柱形构件的位置。借助于这种结构，在手术后利用一个很小的切口就可改变韧带上的张力。通过在切口中插入一个诸如板手形状的调整装置，使得其与凹槽和/或凸起部协同动作，就可以改变接合件相对于圆柱形构件的位置。因此，不再需要进行大手术就可以改变韧带上的张力。
本发明还涉及用至少一个固定部件固定到骨骼部分上的韧带。根据本发明，可以用固定部件在两侧固定韧带，但是，当用根据本发明的固定部件固定韧带的一侧，而其另一侧则按照现有技术的方法进行固定时，就已经可以获得显著的优点。
下面将参考一些并不具有限制意义的实施例和附图对本发明进行进一步的说明，其中：
图1是表示装配有用根据本发明的固定部件在一侧固定的韧带的膝部的剖面透视图；
图2是表示根据本发明的固定部件的透视图；以及
图3是根据本发明的另一个固定部件的透视图。
图1表示一个部分剖开的人体的膝关节1。韧带2被人工地固定在膝关节1中。为此，在上骨骼部3和下骨骼部4上分别设有连续开口5,6。韧带2借助于现有技术中已知的U形钉7固定到下骨骼部4上。韧带2与下骨骼部4的这种连接提供了一种刚性连接，这种连接只有通过外科手术才能使之松开。这里，在下骨骼部4的同一位置上很难第二次再固定同一个U形钉7。
在上骨骼部3上，于连续开口5内设有一个根据本发明的固定部件8。该固定部件的面向韧带2的一侧设有一个内侧被倒圆的边缘9，以防止韧带2在插入固定部件8中时被磨损。对以下附图所作的说明是为了进一步地说明固定部件8。
图2表示一个安放到骨骼部分3中的固定部件10。固定部件10包括一个圆柱形构件11，其外侧设有一个特定外形轮廓的边缘以便将圆柱形构件11稳定地固定在骨质材料3中。圆柱形构件11具有中空的形式，从而其内壁设有内螺纹12。接合件13位于圆柱形构件11的内部，接合件13上设有外螺纹14，该螺纹14与圆柱形构件11的内螺纹12协同动作。通过相对于圆柱形构件11旋转接合件13，可使接合件13沿轴向移动。接合件13的这种轴向移动会改变韧带2的张力。通过将例如一个板手15放入设置在接合件13的端壁上的凹槽16内，能够以一种非常简单的方式改变韧带2的张力。在这些图中所示的韧带2是由大量的纤维17制成的。但其它韧带也是可能的。为了将接合件13固定到韧带2上，接合件13设有一个凹槽18，其内放置一个夹持件19。夹持件19可固定在凹槽18中，从而使得韧带2的纤维17被夹持在夹持件19和凹槽的壁之间。在本图中，为达到这一目的，在夹持件上设有螺纹，这些螺纹与设置在凹槽18的部分长度上的内螺纹协同动作。但是，其它的解决方案也是可以很容易地想像得到的。
图3表示一个固定部件20，它与图2所示的固定部件10具有不同的结构。这里所示的固定部件20同样地包括一个相应于图2所示的圆柱形构件的圆柱形构件11。在韧带2可与圆柱形构件11相接触的一侧，后者设有一个圆形边缘21。一个带有一中空的套管23的接合件22位于圆柱形构件11内，该中空套管23配备有用于和圆柱形构件11的内螺纹协同动作的外螺纹24。通过旋转固定部件21可以改变套管相对于圆柱形构件11的轴向位置，固定部件的旋转通过安装在套管23上的突起部25得到简化。与图2中所示的结构不同的是装有一个与图2中的夹持件19十分相似的夹持块26，用于在套管23内作自由的轴向运动。在这些图中将不对该夹持块的操作做进一步的说明。夹持块26借助于套管23上的弹簧27支承。从而，当韧带2的长度发生微小变化时可保持韧带2的张力不变；韧带2长度的变化可被弹簧27吸收。因此，在本图中所示的固定部件20具有这样一个优点，即，在韧带2的长度发生微小变化的情况下，不必为了保持韧带2的张力不变而进行重新调整。
Claims (13)
1．用于将韧带连接到人类或动物的骨骼部分上的固定部件，包括：
-一个可固定于骨骼部分上的连续开口内的中空的基本上为圆柱形的构件，以及
-一个用于可至少在两个相互不同的轴向位置连接到圆柱形构件中的韧带的接合件。
2．如权利要求1所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述圆柱形构件的外壁具有一个可稳定地将其固定到骨骼部分上的外形轮廓。
3．如权利要求1或2所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述圆柱形构件的内壁具有一个用于与韧带的接合件协同动作的外形轮廓。
4．如权利要求3所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述圆柱形构件的内轮廓由内螺纹构成。
5．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述固定部件设有可以进行远距离调整的调整装置。
6．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，在圆柱形构件的至少一侧上，其内侧顺滑地平移入圆柱形构件的端壁内。
7．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述接合件设有用于夹持韧带的装置。
8．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述接合件的外侧具有用于和圆柱形构件的内侧协同动作的轮廓。
9．如权利要求8所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述接合件外侧的轮廓是由螺纹构成的。
10．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述接合件包括一个连续开口，在该开口中可固定一个用于夹持韧带的夹持件。
11．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述接合件可利用一个放入的弹性件与圆柱形构件相连接。
12．如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件，其特征在于，所述接合件在远离韧带的一侧设有至少一个凹槽和/或凸起部，用于连接调整装置，该调整装置用来改变接合件相对于圆柱形构件的位置。
13．带有至少一个如上述任何一个权利要求所述的固定部件的韧带，韧带和固定部件均固定在骨骼部分上。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1002753 | 1996-04-01 | ||
| NL1002753A NL1002753C2 (nl) | 1996-04-01 | 1996-04-01 | Bevestigingselement en band bevestigd met bevestigingselement. |
| NL1005394 | 1997-02-27 | ||
| NL1005394A NL1005394C1 (nl) | 1996-04-01 | 1997-02-27 | Bevestigingselement en band bevestigd met bevestigingselement. |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1218381A true CN1218381A (zh) | 1999-06-02 |
| CN1161082C CN1161082C (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB971945683A Expired - Fee Related CN1161082C (zh) | 1996-04-01 | 1997-04-01 | 固定部件和利用固定部件固定的韧带 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6190411B1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0904033B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2000507469A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20000005173A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1161082C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE224678T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU721893B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9708757A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2250815A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69715840T2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0904033T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2179316T3 (zh) |
| NL (1) | NL1005394C1 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO315024B1 (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ332135A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1997036557A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2015131725A1 (zh) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | 叶维光 | 韧带重建系统 |
| CN105555226A (zh) * | 2013-08-12 | 2016-05-04 | 英国巴奥米特保健有限公司 | 韧带组件 |
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| US5507812A (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1996-04-16 | Moore; David E. | Modular prosthetic ligament |
-
1997
- 1997-02-27 NL NL1005394A patent/NL1005394C1/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-01 WO PCT/NL1997/000162 patent/WO1997036557A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-01 JP JP9535154A patent/JP2000507469A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-01 DE DE69715840T patent/DE69715840T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-01 DK DK97914654T patent/DK0904033T3/da active
- 1997-04-01 KR KR1019980707843A patent/KR20000005173A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-01 AT AT97914654T patent/ATE224678T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-01 NZ NZ332135A patent/NZ332135A/xx unknown
- 1997-04-01 AU AU21805/97A patent/AU721893B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-01 ES ES97914654T patent/ES2179316T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-01 EP EP97914654A patent/EP0904033B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-01 BR BR9708757-2A patent/BR9708757A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-01 CA CA002250815A patent/CA2250815A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-01 CN CNB971945683A patent/CN1161082C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-01 US US09/155,677 patent/US6190411B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-10-01 NO NO19984603A patent/NO315024B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105555226A (zh) * | 2013-08-12 | 2016-05-04 | 英国巴奥米特保健有限公司 | 韧带组件 |
| CN105555226B (zh) * | 2013-08-12 | 2018-02-06 | 英国巴奥米特保健有限公司 | 韧带组件 |
| US9980808B2 (en) | 2013-08-12 | 2018-05-29 | Bioment UK Healthcare Limited | Ligament assembly |
| US10500037B2 (en) | 2013-08-12 | 2019-12-10 | Biomet Uk Healthcare Limited | Ligament assembly |
| US11253350B2 (en) | 2013-08-12 | 2022-02-22 | Biomet Uk Healthcare Limited | Ligament assembly |
| WO2015131725A1 (zh) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-11 | 叶维光 | 韧带重建系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9708757A (pt) | 2000-01-04 |
| NL1005394C1 (nl) | 1997-10-02 |
| AU721893B2 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
| NO984603D0 (no) | 1998-10-01 |
| DE69715840D1 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
| US6190411B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 |
| NO984603L (no) | 1998-11-30 |
| WO1997036557A1 (en) | 1997-10-09 |
| EP0904033B1 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
| DE69715840T2 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
| CA2250815A1 (en) | 1997-10-09 |
| EP0904033A1 (en) | 1999-03-31 |
| NO315024B1 (no) | 2003-06-30 |
| NZ332135A (en) | 1999-06-29 |
| DK0904033T3 (da) | 2002-12-16 |
| ES2179316T3 (es) | 2003-01-16 |
| AU2180597A (en) | 1997-10-22 |
| JP2000507469A (ja) | 2000-06-20 |
| ATE224678T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
| CN1161082C (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
| KR20000005173A (ko) | 2000-01-25 |
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