CN1211321C - Nourishing liquid fertilizer for plant and method for preparing the same - Google Patents
Nourishing liquid fertilizer for plant and method for preparing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1211321C CN1211321C CN 03135488 CN03135488A CN1211321C CN 1211321 C CN1211321 C CN 1211321C CN 03135488 CN03135488 CN 03135488 CN 03135488 A CN03135488 A CN 03135488A CN 1211321 C CN1211321 C CN 1211321C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a nourishing liquid fertilizer for plants and a preparation method thereof. The present invention is characterized in that the nourishing liquid fertilizer is prepared from following raw materials: 0.3 to 15 wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 to 16 wt% of potassium nitrate, 0.01 to 3 wt% of boric acid, 0.1 to 4 wt% of urea, 0.01 to 4 wt% of calcium nitrate, 0.1 to 4 wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.01 to 4 wt% of zinc sulphate, 0.01 to 1.5 wt% of cupric sulfate, 0.01 to 1.5 wt% of manganese sulphate, 0.001 to 0.15 wt% of nickel sulfate, 0.001 to 3.5 wt% of ammonium molybdate, 0.001 to 1.5 wt% of iron trichloride or ferrous sulfate, 0.05 to 1.5 wt% of sodium silicate or sodium metasilicate, 0.01 to 5 wt% of sucrose or dextrose, 0.01 to 10 wt% of nitric acid, 0.01 to 5 wt% of phosphoric acid, 0.01 to 100 wt% of alcohol, 0.001 to 0.1 wt% of rosin and 0.001 to 0.005 wt% of sulphuric acid. The application of the nourishing liquid fertilizer of the present invention can enormously prevent various inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers from polluting soil, environment and rivers; moreover, the present invention has the advantages of small use quantity, work, time and labor saving and economy without toxicity, harm and pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant nutrient liquor body fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The trend of the current development of fertilizer in the world is high density, fluidization.Liquid fertilizer is a kind of typical high concentration fertilizer, and liquid fertilizer has obtained using comparatively widely abroad at present.In the U.S., liquid fertilizer accounts for more than 15% of composite fertilizer's total amount, accounts for about 30% of whole chemical fertilizer total amounts.Domestic present production at liquid fertilizer has also obtained some progress aspect developing and applying.As the Xinjiang of farm type pilot and Beijing of rural area type pilot, liquefied ammonia is directly used the extend trial project that has been listed in the Ministry of Agriculture, has obtained some achievements.Utilize domestic existing raw material resources of chemical fertilizer manufacturing enterprise and processing condition, it is multiple fertile to have developed phosphoric acid by wet process liquid, multiple fertile, the kinds such as diammonium phosphate liquid is fertile again, the multiple fertilizer of coarse whiting liquid of urea-ammonium nitrate liquid, these liquid fertilizers have all been obtained the applications well effect in use in the farmland.This shows that the Application and Development of liquid fertilizer is the tool potentiality extremely.
Liquid fertilizer is as a kind of novel fertilizer variety, have the advantages that easy to use, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free, absorption rate is fast, strengthen crop anti-adversity, the quality that can improve crop has the effect of significant increase output, also has the ability of drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant, resistant to lodging, hot-dry wind tolerance, disease and insect resistance.From retrieving document, the existing more bibliographical information of the development of domestic relevant liquid fertilizer and application, the liquid fertilizer kind of having reported in the domestic literature in recent years is also a lot, as " peasant's board liquid fertilizer ", the Pekinese in Henan " day Feng Su " and " spray just ", the efficient liquid fertilizer of " boor " board in Shaanxi, " Tian Bao good fortune is faced liquid fertilizer " in Shandong, " spy overcharges " the high efficiency nutritious liquid fertilizer in Guangxi etc.; The prescription (CN1060946) of a kind of jarovize growth promotor for crop of Chinese patent has been reported a kind of prescription of agricultural plants liquid fertilizer, select nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, chlorine, boron, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, copper, cobalt, calcium, 14 kinds of essences of magnesium, total content is 10～65%, and pH is 2～5.Weaker concn is 0.05～2.5%, and pH is 4～6.5, has the volume increase of accelerating the ripening, prevents the cure the disease effect of anti-evil of various nutritional deficiency diseases and weeding." prescription of watermelon microelement nutritious liquid and technology (86104121) have been reported a kind of microelement nutritious liquid (being called for short the watermelon element) that is used to produce watermelon to Chinese patent.Select 12 nutritive elements such as cobalt, potassium, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen, nutrient solution concentration 5～6%, pH2.5～4.5, dilution back spraying concentration 60～100PPm, use one one-tenth about half of the plain volume increase of watermelon, pol increases, and the product qualitative change is excellent, and can use with neutral, acid agrichemical.Document " new liquid fertilizer-plant power 2003 " report is the up-to-date minimum plant element nutrition mixed type liquid fertilizer of succeeding in developing of Germany, be applicable to various farm crop, have early flowering, gather in the crops in advance, prolong harvesting time, improve output, improve effects such as quality.Document " TNF, the manure trial of Fuigrow liquid fertilizer soon greatly, " has been reported this three kinds of liquid fertilizers, they are to be the high density foliage fertilizer of main matrix with the organic active composition, be rich in the essential nutritive ingredients of plant such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, various trace elements, amino acid,, form the demand of nutrition according to Different Crop and different growing by different formulated.As seen, the research of liquid fertilizer and application are one of focuses of current research.But do not see with strong acid and to contain N, P, K macroelement as solvent, trace element and rosin such as Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, its liquid fertilizer stoste pH2～2.5, using pH by dilution in 1: 60 is that 5～5.5 liquid nutritional fertilizer yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide special nutrient fluids such as a kind of edible paddy rice, be a kind of with original technology, special preparation, make crop obtain to increase production extremely significantly actual effect and colory plant nutrition liquid.
The theory of mineral nutrition of plant physiology, plant is told us: plant become to do up to ten thousand kinds, not only to the demand difference of the amount of nutritive element, and also also different to the selection of beneficial element.Why do not have a kind of product can make paddy rice etc. have tangible effect of increasing production up to now, and its quality significantly improved? major cause is that the full nutrition preparation of nutritive medium runs into the difficulty that is difficult to overcome.Nutrition preparation entirely just can not get the optimum value that crop needs.Research of the present invention was once made a large amount of field experiments to existing numerous leaf leaven, found that result of use is all undesirable, felt plant deeply in the requirement existence very big difference of each growth period to dietetic alimentation, digestion and mineral element.
Calcium (Ca) for example, China's most of soils do not lack Ca.Nutritive medium just must need Ca.Ca is the middle level that is present in cell walls with the form of tartaric acid Ca, can cultivate the ability that strengthens the insect pest of crop enantiopathy, can eliminate some from (as hydrogen, aluminium, sodium) to the Toxicity in Crops effect.Contain Ca in the nutritive medium, can directly be made for thing and absorb, " conduction ", " transportation " are fast, take effect rapidly.But,, all can in replacement(metathesis)reaction, generate novel substance, as CaSO if add inorganic Ca or organic C a in the nutritive medium
4, CaHPO
4Deng, they are materials that the utmost point is insoluble in water, spray in crop surface not decompose absorption, thereby reduce fertilizer efficiency.
The present invention tests through thousands of times, just achieves a solution, and Here it is:
(1) hydrogen (H
+) ion sealing method
Nitric acid is strong acid, and oxidisability is all stronger than any acid, under hydration, and the H of generation
+Can stop and seal Ca
2+To SO
4And HPO
4Move, again nitrate radical (NO because of in replacement(metathesis)reaction, forming
3) compound is all very easily water-soluble again, therefore, the difficult problem of the full nutritive element preparation of having deblocked.
The problem of amount is an example with calcium (Ca) still: the indispensable Ca of plant, but nutritive medium Ca too high levels, can suppress the absorption of crop again to Mg, K, P, and the dissolubility of Mn, B, Fe is reduced, make and do deposits yields nutritional deficiency disease.Therefore, determine the amount of the compound of good various nutritive elements, definite again nitric acid is made the amount of solvent, just can guarantee full nutrition preparation, is beneficial to whole absorptions of crop corresponding amount.Therefore, as solvent, be a great technological breakthrough with nitric acid.
(2) nutritive medium must have a certain amount of C element
Science and technology the older generation tell us to the exploration achievement of plant: carbon (C) element and oxygen (O) element respectively account for 45% in plant stem organization, the approach of also pointing out plant absorption C element is three aspects: air, water and soil ground, and determined that effective form of plant absorbing C element is CO
2
Incendiary tree bar is sealed the certain hour that goes out and is become charcoal, extinguishes after many plant points catch fire just to become charcoal ash, breeze or the like.The C element is covered with the plant whole body, and scientific and technological circle claim that the C element is the skeleton of plant, and visible C element is very important, and nutritive medium of the present invention just contains a certain amount of C element.After spraying the cigarette strain, the cigarette strain is obviously increased, and tobacco leaf is big and plump.After being used for paddy rice, the fringe grain of paddy rice is full, defect paddy seldom.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: formed by following feedstock production:
Potassium primary phosphate (KH
2PO
4) 0.3～15 gram, saltpetre (KNO
3) 02～16 gram, boric acid (H
3BO
3) 0.01～3 gram, urea { CO (NH
4)
20.1～4 gram, nitrocalcite { Ca (NO
3)
20.01～4 gram, sal epsom (MgSO
47H
2O) 0.1～4 gram, zinc sulfate (ZnSO
47H
2O) 0.01～4 gram, copper sulfate (CuSO
45H
2O) 0.01～1.5 gram, manganous sulfate (MnSO
44H
2O) 0.01～1.5 gram, single nickel salt (NiSO
44H
2O) 0.001～0.15 gram, ammonium molybdate { (Nh
4)
6Mo
7O
244H
2O}0.001～3.5 grams, iron trichloride or ferrous sulfate (FeCl
36H
2O FeSO
4) 0.001～1.5 gram, water glass or Starso (Na
2SiO
39H
2O) 0.05～1.5 gram, sucrose or glucose (C
12H
22O
11) 0.01～5 gram, nitric acid (HNO
3) 0.01～10ml (analytical pure), phosphoric acid { (H
3PO
4) (85 acid) 0.01～5ml, alcohol (CH
3CH
2OH) 0.01～100ml (technical pure), rosin 0.001～0.1 gram, sulfuric acid 0～0.1ml.
Be prepared according to the following steps with above-mentioned raw materials:
1) preparation of No. 1 solution: with potassium primary phosphate, saltpetre, sucrose or glucose carry out acidification with nitric acid＜3ml and phosphoric acid＜2ml, and temperature is 55～85 ℃, transfers pH=4～6;
2) preparation of No. 2 liquid: with water glass or Starso with being adjusted into slant acidity pH=4.5～6 under sulfuric acid or the nitric acid normal temperature;
3) preparation of No. 3 liquid: boric acid, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, manganous sulfate, single nickel salt, ammonium molybdate with carrying out acidification under the nitric acid normal temperature, are transferred pH=2～4;
4) preparation method of No. 4 liquid: earlier rosin is dissolved to liquid state, uses nitric acid＜3ml and phosphoric acid＜1ml that iron trichloride or ferrous sulfate and liquid rosin are carried out acidification, pH=3.5～5.5 again with alcohol;
5) preparation of No. 5 liquid: urea is handled to slant acidity pH=4～5.5 with phosphoric acid;
6) No. 1 liquid and No. 2 liquid mixing backs is standby;
7) No. 3 liquid, No. 4 liquid and No. 5 liquid mixing backs are standby;
8) with 6) and 7) reserve liquid add nitric acid and mix, adjust pH=5～7, filter then, last machine seals, vanning is put in storage.
Using method: 1, foliage-spray: every bag of (or every bottle) 250ml converts 15 kilograms in water (1: 60); Based on blade back, the leaf pros and cons all sprays, and regards thing particular case spray 2～3 times as.2, replace base manure to irritate root: every bag of (or every bottle) 250ml converts 30～60 kilograms in water; Down irritate from the plant top tip part, regard thing particular case pouring 2～10 times as.
The present invention has following positively effect compared with the prior art:
Nutritive medium of the present invention not only can spray the blade face but also can replace fertilising, irritate root, and crop " two " is benefited, and benefit is extremely many.Be used at present obtaining effect preferably on five kinds of crops such as paddy rice, wheat, corn, flue-cured tobacco, tealeaves.Also can be used for plants such as potato, sugarcane, fruit tree, vegetables, flowers.Two important feature of the present invention are: 1, nutritive medium can replace base manure, and makes one's way in life on some crop; 2, solve period of seedling establishment (crop is transplanted just can be survived), many crops all have a period of seedling establishment (promptly spending one period just can survive) after transplanting, and the period of seedling establishment of the plant that has reaches the several months.Solve period of seedling establishment and be raise the efficiency, the important behave of environmental benefit and commodity benefit, have very high practical value.Using of nutritive liq fertilizer of the present invention, the pollution that can greatly avoid various inorganic fertilizers, fertilizer that soil, environment, rivers are caused, and amount of application is few, the saving of labor, save time, laborsaving, economical and practical again, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free.
It below is the experiment situation that nutritive medium of the present invention is used for some farm crop.
Table 1 is part farm crop experiment demonstration effect
| Part farm crop experiment demonstration effect | ||||
| The crop title | Spray date and number of times | Extension rate | Spray the time | Effect of increasing production (%) remarks |
| Rice and wheat | Sprayed once in 5-7 days before the packing, steady neat phase spray once grouting phase spray once | Every bag is converted water 15kg=1: 60 | Early after 3 of 10 preceding noons | 20-35 is best in quality, flavor is good |
| Tobacco leaf | Transplant spray in 25-30 days and once transplant spray in 40-45 days once | The same | The same | 15-30 falls yellow good, good roasting, and first-class cigarette increases income 10% |
| The tealeaves mulberry leaf | The whole growth phase stops repeating again in 2 months after spray 3 times to spray every spray in 15 days 1 time | The same | The same | 30-70 |
| Most plants are used before and after transplanting | The seedling phase transplants spray in preceding 2 days, irritates each 1 time, after normal root water is watered in transplanting, spray, irritate each once, continuous 3 times.Blue or green, prime of life plant usage is the same | 1: 180 1: 120 | The same | Transplant the back and just can survive no period of seedling establishment.Can consumption to make root moistening for well. |
| Flowers | Respectively 1 bud phase spray of flower spray in earlier stage, filling, each 1 full-bloom stage filling root of filling 1 time | 1: 180 1: 120 1: 120 | The same | Advance flowering period is bright in luster |
| The watermelon pineapple | Flower sprays 1 fruit expanding period spray of 1 young fruit period spray 1 time in earlier stage | 1: 60 every bag convert water 15kg | The same | Fruit is big, fruit is sweet |
| Leaf vegetables | Spray in seedling stage, each 1 secondary growth of filling sprayed totally 2 times 1 time every 10 days mid-term | 1: 120 1: 60 | The same | Look loose, flavor delicate fragrance is sweet tender |
Table 2 is for being applied to the effect relatively (in Different Altitude, different region, different soil fertility, under the different weather condition, under equal tillage condition, use with not using nutritive medium of the present invention and compare, poor is divided obvious) behind the paddy rice
Now calculate more than 20% with every mu of volume increase of 2.1 yuan/kg of national annual grain price:
| Do not spray | After spraying | Increase both production and value | |||
| Average yield per mu | The per mu yield value | Average yield per mu | The per mu yield value | Volume increase | Volume increase |
| (kg) | Unit | (kg) | Unit | (kg) | Unit |
| 450 | 945 | 540 | 1134 | 90 | 189 |
Table 3 for be applied to behind the tobacco leaf effect relatively
Tobacco leaf is in kind K326: 10 yuan/kg of flat fare
| Do not spray | After spraying | Increase both production and value | |||
| Per mu yield (kg) | The output value (unit) | Per mu yield (kg) | The output value (unit) | Per mu yield (kg) | The output value (unit) |
| 130 | 1300 | 156 | 1560 | 26 | 260 |
Nutritive medium of the present invention is demonstrated altogether ground vegetables such as Haikou, Dali and is promoted 19 mu, and amount of increase in production is about 15%.Demonstration is promoted 16 mu on wheat, volume increase about 15%.In addition, on flowers, tealeaves, use, also all obtained positive effect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Choose following raw materials according:
Potassium primary phosphate 0.3 gram, saltpetre 0.2 gram, boric acid 0.01 gram, urea 0.1 gram, nitrocalcite 0.1 gram, sal epsom 0.1 gram, zinc sulfate 0.01 gram, copper sulfate 0.01 gram, manganous sulfate 0.01 gram, single nickel salt 0.001 gram, ammonium molybdate 0.01 gram, iron trichloride 0.001 gram, water glass 0.05 gram, sucrose 0.01 gram, nitric acid 1ml (analytical pure), phosphoric acid (85 acid) 1ml, alcohol 0.1ml (technical pure), rosin 0.001 gram, sulfuric acid 0.1ml.
Be prepared according to the following steps with above-mentioned raw materials:
1) preparation of No. 1 solution: potassium primary phosphate, saltpetre, sucrose are carried out acidification with nitric acid 0.01ml and phosphoric acid 0.01ml, and temperature is 55～85 ℃, transfers pH=4～5.5;
2) preparation of No. 2 liquid: with being adjusted into slant acidity pH=4.5～6 under the sulfuric acid normal temperature, the vitriolic consumption is 0.1ml with water glass;
3) preparation of No. 3 liquid: boric acid, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, manganous sulfate, single nickel salt, ammonium molybdate with carrying out acidification under the nitric acid normal temperature, are transferred pH=2～4; Nitric acid dosage is 0.1ml;
4) preparation method of No. 4 liquid: with alcohol 0.1ml rosin is dissolved to liquid state earlier, iron trichloride and liquid rosin is carried out acidification, pH=4～5.5 with nitric acid 0.03ml and phosphoric acid 0.01ml again;
5) preparation of No. 5 liquid: urea is handled to slant acidity pH=4～5.5 with phosphoric acid 0.1ml;
6) No. 1 liquid and No. 2 liquid mixing backs is standby;
7) No. 3 liquid, No. 4 liquid and No. 5 liquid mixing backs are standby;
8) with 6) and 7) reserve liquid add nitric acid and mix, filter then, adjust pH=5～7, last machine seals, vanning is put in storage.
Embodiment 2:
Choose following raw materials according:
Potassium primary phosphate 1.4 grams, saltpetre 1 gram, boric acid 0.01 gram, urea 2 grams, nitrocalcite 0.02 gram, sal epsom 0.5 gram, zinc sulfate 0.5 gram, copper sulfate 0.1 gram, manganous sulfate 0.01 gram, single nickel salt 0.001 gram, ammonium molybdate 0.05 gram, iron trichloride 0.05 gram, water glass 0.15 gram, sucrose 0.1 gram, nitric acid (analytical pure) 0.15ml, phosphoric acid (85 acid) 0.33ml, alcohol (technical pure) 0.01ml, rosin 0.001 gram, sulfuric acid 0.001ml.
Press the method preparation of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Choose following raw materials according:
Potassium primary phosphate 15 grams, saltpetre 16 grams, boric acid 3 grams, urea 4 grams, nitrocalcite 4 grams, sal epsom 4 grams, zinc sulfate 4 grams, copper sulfate 1.5 grams, manganous sulfate 1.5 grams, single nickel salt 0.15 gram, ammonium molybdate 0.01～3.5 gram, ferrous sulfate 1.5 grams, Starso 1.5 grams, glucose 5 grams, nitric acid (analytical pure) 10ml, phosphoric acid (85 acid) 5ml, alcohol (technical pure) 100ml, rosin 0.1 gram.
Press the method preparation (available nitric acid substitutes sulfuric acid) of embodiment 1.
Claims (2)
1, a plant nutrient liquor body fertilizer is characterized in that this liquid fertilizer is to be prepared from by following proportion raw material:
Potassium primary phosphate 0.3～15 gram, saltpetre 0.2～16 gram, boric acid 0.01～3 gram, urea 0.1～4 gram, nitrocalcite 0.02～4 gram, sal epsom 0.1～4 gram, zinc sulfate 0.01～4 gram, copper sulfate 0.01～1.5 gram, manganous sulfate 0.01～1.5 gram, single nickel salt 0.001～0.15 gram, ammonium molybdate 0.01～3.5 gram, iron trichloride or ferrous sulfate 0.001～1.5 gram, water glass or Starso 0.05～1.5 gram, sucrose or glucose 0.01～5 gram, nitric acid analytical pure 0.15～10ml, phosphoric acid 85 acid 0.33～5ml, the pure 0.01～100ml of alcohol industry, rosin 0.001～0.1 gram, sulfuric acid 0～0.1ml.
2, the preparation method of the described plant nutrition liquid of claim 1 fertilizer is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
1) preparation of No. 1 solution: with potassium primary phosphate, saltpetre, sucrose or glucose carry out acidification with nitric acid analytical pure＜3ml and phosphoric acid 85 acid＜2ml, and temperature is 55～85 ℃, transfers pH=4～6:
2) preparation of No. 2 liquid: with water glass or Starso with being adjusted into slant acidity pH=4.5～6 under sulfuric acid or the nitric acid analytical pure normal temperature;
3) preparation of No. 3 liquid: boric acid, nitrocalcite, sal epsom, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, manganous sulfate, single nickel salt, ammonium molybdate with carrying out acidification under the nitric acid analytical pure normal temperature, are transferred pH=2～4;
4) preparation method of No. 4 liquid: earlier rosin is dissolved to liquid state, uses nitric acid analytical pure＜3ml and phosphoric acid 85 acid＜1ml that iron trichloride or ferrous sulfate and liquid rosin are carried out acidification, pH=3.5～5.5 again with alcohol industry is pure;
5) preparation of No. 5 liquid: use phosphoric acid 85 acid treatment to slant acidity in urea, pH=4～5.5;
6) No. 1 liquid and No. 2 liquid mixing backs is standby;
7) No. 3 liquid, No. 4 liquid and No. 5 liquid mixing backs are standby;
8) with 6) and 7) reserve liquid add the nitric acid analytical pure and mix, adjust pH=5～7, filter then, last machine seals, vanning is put in storage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03135488 CN1211321C (en) | 2003-07-26 | 2003-07-26 | Nourishing liquid fertilizer for plant and method for preparing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03135488 CN1211321C (en) | 2003-07-26 | 2003-07-26 | Nourishing liquid fertilizer for plant and method for preparing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1482110A CN1482110A (en) | 2004-03-17 |
| CN1211321C true CN1211321C (en) | 2005-07-20 |
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| CN 03135488 Expired - Fee Related CN1211321C (en) | 2003-07-26 | 2003-07-26 | Nourishing liquid fertilizer for plant and method for preparing the same |
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2003
- 2003-07-26 CN CN 03135488 patent/CN1211321C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1482110A (en) | 2004-03-17 |
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