CN1210456A - 拧入骨骼内的螺钉以及将它拧出来的工具 - Google Patents

拧入骨骼内的螺钉以及将它拧出来的工具 Download PDF

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CN1210456A
CN1210456A CN97192003A CN97192003A CN1210456A CN 1210456 A CN1210456 A CN 1210456A CN 97192003 A CN97192003 A CN 97192003A CN 97192003 A CN97192003 A CN 97192003A CN 1210456 A CN1210456 A CN 1210456A
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screw
head
screwed
instrument
tabula
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阿克塞尔·基施
沃尔特·杜尔
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A61B17/861—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone specially shaped for gripping driver
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8875—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
    • A61B17/8877—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches characterised by the cross-section of the driver bit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B23/00—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
    • F16B23/0007—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool characterised by the shape of the recess or the protrusion engaging the tool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
    • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
    • F16B31/021—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load by means of a frangible part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/037—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety with a frangible part, e.g. by reduced diameter

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

用来拧入骨内,尤其是用于固定接骨板的螺钉,带一个螺钉体,它具有一个螺纹部分和间接或直接连在螺纹部分上的头部,螺钉头上设有一个用来将螺钉体拧入骨内的装置,其特征在于:用来拧入螺钉体的装置是与头部做成一体的柄,其中在头部和柄部之间的连接区至少形成一个预定断裂部位。还公布了用于这类螺钉或螺钉体的拧出工具。

Description

拧入骨骼内的螺钉以及将它拧出来的工具
本发明涉及一种拧入骨骼内的螺钉，特别是用来固定接骨板的螺钉，带一个螺钉体，它具有一个螺纹部分和一个间接或直接连在螺纹部分上的螺钉头，在螺钉头上设有用来将螺钉体拧入骨骼内的装置。其次本发明还涉及一种将这种螺钉或它的螺钉体拧出来的工具。
骨螺钉非常小，通常螺钉头的尺寸在5mm以下。通常在螺钉头表面上设有一个扁槽或十字槽，用以将螺钉拧入骨内。这种螺钉主要用来固定接骨板。这种非常平的结构形式决定了，用以拧入或拧出螺钉的槽或十字槽也只能是非常浅的。这不仅意味着，操作螺钉的工具很难对上，还存在着这样的危险，工具的刃口滑脱并造成损伤。
因此本发明的目的在于：提供一种螺钉，它可以安全地、没有风险地拧入骨骼内。
这个目的通过按权利要求1的螺钉来解决。优良的结构是从属权利要求的内容。按本发明的螺钉的特征是：将螺钉体拧入的装置是与螺钉头做成一体的柄，其中在头部和柄之间的连接部分至少形成一个预定断裂部位。因此开始螺钉体和拧入工具作为一个统一体存在。这个统一体可以通过适当的、转速很低的旋转驱动拧入骨内。在达到拧入深度以后，作用在预定断裂部位上的扭矩剧烈增加，使螺钉体从柄上折下，从而固定在骨内。
因此这个预定断裂部位良好地确定了一个面积，它的大小相应于所要求的螺钉的最大拧入扭矩(Anzugdrehmoment)。这个面积的尺寸可以通过试验确定，必要的情况下还与材料的选择有关。
按照一种特别优先的结构形式螺钉体在头部有一个横隔，柄连在这个横隔上。这里预定断裂部位处于横隔朝向柄部的侧面上。这种横隔，做成中间横隔是合适的，它可以这样制成，在螺钉体中心线两侧掏铣出两个凹坑，它正好留下所希望的横隔。
对于大多数应用场合要求，在经过一定时间以后将螺钉体重新从骨骼中拧出。这时做在螺钉体头部上的横隔形成与拧出工具接上的可能性。
所以用于这种螺钉或它的螺钉体的拧出工具的特征在于：在拧出工具的一个自由端上设有一条槽，它的尺寸做成这样，使它卡在螺钉体头部上的一个连接部分、例如横隔上。
更优先地拧出工具在槽部具有这样的造型，使确定槽的凸台完全贴合在做在螺钉体头部横隔两侧的凹坑内。
下面借助于附图仅仅作为例子对本发明加以说明。其中：
图1按本发明一种结构形式的、用来拧入骨骼内的螺钉的侧视图；
图2通过螺钉的在螺钉头区域的剖视图；
图3在去掉柄部时螺钉头的俯视图；
图4按本发明的用于螺钉或螺钉体的拧出工具的侧视图、带局部纵剖视；和
图5相对于图4转过90°的拧出工具的侧视图，同样局部剖开。
图1表示一种按本发明的、用来拧入骨骼内的螺钉的侧视图。螺钉由一个螺钉体10和一个拧入工具20组成，它们相互做成一体，其中在螺钉体10和拧入工具20之间的连接部分确定一个预定断裂部位28。这里像通常的那样螺钉体10由一个螺纹部分12和一个直接或间接连接在螺纹部分上的螺钉头14组成。拧入工具20由一个细长的柄22构成，柄部在朝螺钉体10头部14的方向在某一段24上逐渐变细。柄部22与那一段24相对的末端上设有一个用于肘形零件等等的连接部分26。
应该进一步参照图2和3对连接部分内的构型作更确切的说明。图2表示螺钉体10头部14的一个纵剖视。在头部14内中心线的两侧并由中心线隔开地加工出凹坑18，例如通过相应的铣刀，使得在头部14内留出一条横隔16，如图3中可以直接看到的那样，在横隔的外露表面上设有预定断裂部位28。图3中表示预定断裂部位是一个圆形面，但是也可以是其他的表面形状，以及面积大小，使得通过这个面积的尺寸可以确定所希望的用于螺钉拧入骨内的最大拧入扭矩。
同时观察图1和3可以看到，柄部22逐渐变细的一段24正好确定在螺钉体20头部14的横隔16上的这个预定断裂部位28上。
在螺钉体10的螺纹部分12拧入骨内达到这样的程度，使得超过由预定断裂部位28所确定的拧入扭矩以后，拧入工具20在逐渐变细的一段24处或者说在预定断裂部位28处从螺钉体10的横隔16上折下。
现在如果以后要将螺钉体10从骨内取出来，采用一个如图4和5中局部侧视图所表示的拧出工具是合适的。对于拧出工具30主要是在拧出工具体32的自由端上做一条槽34，在图5中局部剖开的部分可以特别清楚地看到这条槽，其中槽的尺寸做成这样，使它卡在螺钉体10头部14内的横隔16上。为了保证拧出工具30在螺钉头14内完全贴合，槽两侧的凸台36做成这样，使它们基本上形状贴合地靠在螺钉体10头部14内的凹坑18内。
类似于拧入工具20那样，拧出工具30可以配设一个用于肘形零件的连接部分。
在前述说明中，附图中以及权利要求中公开的本发明的特征，不管是单独的还是它们的任意组合对于实现本发明都可能是重要的。

Claims (6)

1．拧入骨骼内的，尤其是用来固定接骨板的螺钉，带一个螺钉体，它具有一个螺纹部分和一个间接或直接连接在螺纹部分上的螺钉头，螺钉头上设有一个用来将螺钉体拧入骨内的装置，其特征在于：用来拧入螺钉体的装置做成与螺钉头连成一体的柄(22,24)，其中在头部(14)和柄部(22,24)之间的连接部分至少形成一个预定断裂部位(28)。
2．按权利要求1的螺钉，其特征在于：至少一个预定断裂部位(28)确定一个面，这个面的尺寸相应于螺钉体(10)所要求的最大拧入扭矩。
3．按权利要求1或2的螺钉，其特征在于：螺钉头(14)具有一个横隔(16)，柄部(22,24)连接在这个横隔上。
4．用于按权利要求1至3之任一项的螺钉的拧出工具，其特征在于：在拧出工具体(32)的一个自由端上设有一个槽(34)，其尺寸做成这样，使这个槽通过一个连接部分(16)卡在螺钉体(10)头部(14)上。
5．按权利要求4的拧出工具，其特征在于：所述连接部分由横隔(16)构成。
6．按权利要求4或5的拧出工具，其特征在于：在槽(34)的区域具有这样的造型，使限定槽(34)的凸台(36)完全贴合在螺钉体(10)头部(14)上横隔(16)两侧做成的凹坑(18)内。
CN97192003A 1996-01-31 1997-01-28 拧入骨骼内的螺钉以及将它拧出来的工具 Pending CN1210456A (zh)

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DE19603410.8 1996-01-31
DE19603410A DE19603410C2 (de) 1996-01-31 1996-01-31 Schraube zum Einsetzen in einen Knochen sowie Ausdrehwerkzeug dafür

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EP (1) EP0959794A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2000514669A (zh)
CN (1) CN1210456A (zh)
AU (1) AU2150797A (zh)
BR (1) BR9707322A (zh)
CA (1) CA2244217A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE19603410C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1997027812A1 (zh)

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CN100391413C (zh) * 2005-03-19 2008-06-04 戴维享 股骨颈内导针置入定位导向器
CN102458285A (zh) * 2009-06-08 2012-05-16 Z-医药有限公司及两合公司 接骨螺钉
CN102458285B (zh) * 2009-06-08 2015-02-18 Z-医药有限公司及两合公司 接骨螺钉
CN101732086B (zh) * 2009-11-14 2011-06-15 常州鼎健医疗器械有限公司 带矫形的椎弓根钉
CN104685228A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2015-06-03 泰科电子有限公司 受控扭矩紧固件和用于使用其的方法
US9388840B2 (en) 2012-08-03 2016-07-12 Tyco Electronics Corporation Controlled torque fasteners and methods for using same
CN104685228B (zh) * 2012-08-03 2016-12-07 泰科电子有限公司 受控扭矩紧固件和用于使用其的方法
CN106572872A (zh) * 2014-08-05 2017-04-19 梅达提斯控股有限公司 具有插入柱的螺钉

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WO1997027812A1 (de) 1997-08-07
DE19603410A1 (de) 1997-08-14
EP0959794A1 (de) 1999-12-01
JP2000514669A (ja) 2000-11-07
DE19603410C2 (de) 1999-02-18
CA2244217A1 (en) 1997-08-07
BR9707322A (pt) 1999-04-13

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