CN86104508A - 接骨紧固件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是有关接骨手术所用的一种紧固件,尤其适用于用一块托板的碎骨片接合。紧固件中有一个塞套和一个插入塞套的螺钉,塞套由组织兼容性粘塑性塑料组成,和在它的外表面上有螺纹。塞套的朝向螺钉头的端部可以略为外张,另一端可作较大的外张,从而简化了组装,并在骨中取得牢固的夹持。在组装过程中,可以结合一个金属螺线刀,或一个测量标尺,在X射线的荧光屏上随时监测塞套的位置。
Description
本发明介绍一件拉骨紧固件,尤其是有关使用一块托板作碎骨片接合的紧固件。
根据骨折的不同类型,可以直接使用拉紧螺栓,或结合托板,把碎骨片接合。根据紧固件使用位置的不同,使用螺纹形式不同的皮质螺钉或海绵体螺钉。为了把非常软的骨组织作适当的接合,海绵体螺钉有非常突出的深螺纹。但是,这些类螺钉的缺点是非常难于拧松,尤其在骨折愈合后,难以从皮层质中拧出。用螺钉把骨骼直接紧固的另一个缺点是螺钉和骨骼的直接连接处没有韧性。对骨骼短时间加过大的力,就会造成连接处的损坏,引起螺钉的松驰,甚至可能脱出。
本发明以提供一种接骨紧固件课题为基础,这种紧固件有高拉出值,可以对过应力作弹性吸收,易于组装和拆卸。
按照本发明,这是通过综合权利要求1一种特别适用于把碎骨片接合的紧固件,其特征为紧固件中有一个塞套(2)和一插入这塞套中的螺钉(1),塞套(2)外表面制成螺纹形,塞套(2)的前部,和面向螺钉头(17)的后部可以外张中的特点所取得的。
在安放紧固件时,在骨骼中钻一个大致与塞套螺纹内径一致的孔。用一个螺距和螺纹牙形与塞套大致相似的丝锥,在骨骼中攻螺纹。用一个插入塞套的内定形部分里的螺丝刀或六角板手,便可以把塞套在骨折区域中拧入,直到塞套在骨折区的远侧范围里放定。为了作牢实的紧固,可能常常必须使容纳塞套的孔,完全通过远处碎骨片的皮层质。当把螺钉拧入塞套时,塞套朝向螺钉头的后方会略为外张,使塞套至少有一定程度的夹持力,当拧入螺钉时塞套不会旋转。在这种方式下,在拧入螺钉时,可以可靠地防止塞套转动,否则塞套会改变位置,乃至又在与螺钉头相对的孔端,从骨骼中露出。当把螺丝拧入时,内孔后部里的螺线牙顶,略为切入塞套的内壁,塞套用有组织共容性的塑料制造,这样便可作上述外张。当把螺钉进一步拧入时,塞套前部的外张程度相当大,这个区域里的塞套的螺纹,牢实地压入骨组织,因此塞套的固定方式,足以以承受高荷载。螺钉头抵靠其附近的碎骨片,或附加垫板,夹持骨折表面区中相邻的碎骨片。
由于当把螺钉拧入时,在塞套的后端外张,外张的唯一目的是防止塞套进一步转动,所以这里只需要稍微有些外张即可。
塞套两端区域外张程度的不同,是因为后部的内径显然大于前部的内径。塞套最好在两端,各有两条相对的纵向槽口,可以在放入螺钉时外张。例如后端槽口的长度,可以是塞套长度的1/10到1/5之间,而前部纵向槽口的长度,达到塞套的中点。
在骨骼上钻孔并用丝锥作放塞套的螺纹以后,便可以把塞套用螺丝刀拧入孔内。因此在塞套的后部,有一个内定形部分,承钠有相应形状的螺丝刀,内定形部分通过一个确定的部分伸展,一直达到一个止动点,当把塞套拧入时,由螺丝刀的尖部,或作在螺丝刀杆上的突出部或止动部顶在上面。这样螺丝刀便可以在塞套中有一个确定的位置,因此,安装在螺丝刀杆上的长度测量标尺,便可以指示离上述止动点的准确距离,假如标尺安装正确的话,便可以表示离塞套前端的距离。这样,当把塞套拧入时,塞套的伸入深度,可从上述的长度测量标尺上读出。
此外,还可能用X线装置,观察塞套的伸入,因为螺丝刀的尖部的位置,是可以观察到的。由于螺丝刀的尖部在塞套内有确定的位置,因此可以断定塞套的相应准确位置。
螺丝刀杆的前部区域,可以和塞套的整个内定形部分相配,因此,当把塞套拧入时,螺丝刀的尖部准确地处在塞套的前端。
为了能在X射线装置的荧光屏上观察塞套的准确位置,塞套还可以至少一部分用金属制造。
本发明还将参照附图,在下文中作较详细的叙述,附图内容如下:
图1为本发明带螺钉的塞套的部视图,
图2为用以拧入图1所示塞套的螺丝刀,
图3为有塞套和螺钉的紧固件在骨内的锚定。
紧固件中有一个不锈钢螺钉1和一个用有组织兼容性的塑料制造的塞套2,如超高分子量的聚乙烯。内孔3的后部3a,直径略小于螺钉1螺纹的外径。因此,当把螺钉1拧入时,螺纹的牙顶略微切入塞套2的内壁,同时,塞套2的后部区域2a,有一个有膨胀意义的稍微外张。为了这个目的,塞套2的后部区域2a中,有两条相对的纵向槽口4,以便塞套2作有膨胀意义的外张。并且,内孔3的部分3a中,设有六角形的承口5,用于容纳六角板手或相应形状的螺丝刀。在3a部分的后面,内孔变为锥形,直径达到略小于螺钉1的内径。在塞套2的前部区域2b中,塞套有两条相对的纵向槽孔6,在塞套2的约一半的长度上伸展,因而当螺钉1拧入时,这个区域制膨胀。由于纵向槽口6明显长于纵向槽口4,并且由于纵向槽口6区域的内径,明显小于纵向槽口4区域的内径,所以在把螺钉1拧入塞套2中时,前部2b比后部2a有较大程度的外张。后部2a的外张或膨胀,当螺钉1拧入时,作用是固定塞套2,使之不作不利的转动,而前部2b的外张,进行塞套2的实际夹持,因此即使把螺钉1用强力拧紧,造成高拉力时,塞套2仍可在骨中牢固夹定。
塞套2的外表面的全部长度上,有螺纹7,其牙顶和牙槽底都是圆形。塞套2可以有无螺钉纹部分(图未示),上面可以包敷金属包层,使塞套可用X射线显象检测。
固定紧固件时,首先,钻一个大致与塞套2内径一致的孔。然后用一个螺丝锥,在骨组织里做与塞套2的螺纹7一致的螺纹。为了保持骨组织有最少量的损坏,丝锥有一个前切削部分,和一个邻接的螺纹形成部分。这种丝锥在德国专利申请第P3524946.3号中有叙述。
用图2中所示的螺丝刀,可以把塞套2拧入螺纹孔8,如图3所示。为了这个目的,螺丝刀有一个六角形部分9,和塞套2里的六角承口5一致。螺丝刀的前端10逐渐变细,成为一个杆状端部11,其直径和塞套2的前部2b的内径配合。于是可以把螺丝刀插进塞套2,直到与六角形部分9相邻的过渡部12,抵靠塞套2中的一个止动部13。于是螺丝刀尖14处在与塞套2前端相同的平面内。由于螺丝刀有金属材料,所以在把塞套2拧入时,它的位置在任何时候都可以从X射线荧光屏上观察到,同时,还可以观察到螺丝刀尖14,表明塞套2前端的位置。此外,还可以在螺丝刀杆15上,设放一个测量标尺,从这标尺可以读出塞套2的具体插入深度。
在螺丝刀的制造上,还可以免去杆形部11,于是可能把测量标尺安排在杆15上,采用这方式使这长度测量标尺指示离开相关的塞套前端的距离。
图3表示在骨折处远侧,碎骨片16中的塞套2的位置,而螺钉头17,贴靠骨折部位近侧的碎骨片18。塞套2位于一个通孔中,尤其由于前部2b的膨胀压力的结果,在碎骨片16中牢固锚定。使用这种塞套,便有可能在骨折表面区域19中,取得高承载压力。
在骨折愈合后,把螺钉1拧出,仍用适当的螺丝刀或六角板手,便可以把骨中螺纹孔里的塞套2拧出。
Claims (11)
1、一种特别适用于把碎骨片接合的紧固件,其特征为紧固件中有一个塞套(2)和一插入这塞套中的螺钉(1),塞套(2)外表面制成螺纹形,塞套(2)的前部,和面向螺钉头(17)的后部可以外张。
2、如权利要求1所述的紧固件,其特征为塞套(2)的后部(2a),外张的程度小于前部(2b)。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的紧固件,其特征为塞套(2)的前部(2b)有一个内孔(6),其直径小于后部(2a)的内孔。
4、如前述各权利要求中任何一项之紧固件,其特征为内孔(3)的后部(3a),直径略小于螺钉(1)螺纹的外径,内孔(3)前部(3b)的直径,小于螺钉(1)的内径。
5、如前述各权利要求中任何一项之紧固件,其特征为塞套(2)从它的前端开始,在长度的一部分上,至少有一个第一纵向槽口(6),又从它的后端开始,在长度的一部分上,至少有一个较短的第二纵向槽口(4)。
6、如前述各权利要求中任何一项所述的紧固件,特征为塞套(2)从它的后端开始,有一个内定形部分,用于容纳有相应形状的螺线刀;内定形部分在一个确定的部分中伸展,达到一个止动部(13),当塞套(2)拧入时,螺线刀尖或作在螺线刀杆(15)上的一个突出部分或止动部(12)抵靠在上面。
7、如权利要求6所述的紧固件,其特征为可以把螺线刀尖(14)准确推入塞套(2),直到塞套的前端。
8、如权利要求第6或第7项所述的紧固件,其特征为螺丝刀杆(15)上附有一个长度测量标尺,用于指示离螺丝刀尖(14),或塞套(2)前端的距离。
9、如权利要求第6至8项中任何一项之紧固件,其特征为内定形孔是一个六角形承口(5)。
10、如前述权利要求任何一项中之紧固件,其特征为塞套(2)中具有组织兼容性的粘塑性塑料。
11、如前述权利要求任何一项中之紧固件,其特征为塞套(2)至少有一部分有金属性。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19858520206 DE8520206U1 (de) | 1985-07-12 | 1985-07-12 | Befestigungselement für die Osteosynthese |
DEG8520206.1 | 1985-07-12 | ||
DE19853538238 DE3538238A1 (de) | 1985-03-11 | 1985-10-28 | Befestigungselement fuer die osteosynthese |
DEP3538238.4 | 1985-10-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN86104508A true CN86104508A (zh) | 1987-01-07 |
CN1008144B CN1008144B (zh) | 1990-05-30 |
Family
ID=25837361
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN86104508A Expired CN1008144B (zh) | 1985-07-12 | 1986-07-07 | 接骨紧固件 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4760843A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0209685A3 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1008144B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1259867A (zh) |
SU (1) | SU1753935A3 (zh) |
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CN103459862A (zh) * | 2011-02-14 | 2013-12-18 | K&F投资有限责任公司 | 用于将负载紧固在支承构件上的承载紧固套筒 |
CN104081067A (zh) * | 2012-01-31 | 2014-10-01 | 喜利得股份公司 | 锚固系统、尤其是背切锚固系统 |
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DE3814815A1 (de) * | 1988-05-02 | 1989-11-16 | Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh | Spreizduebel fuer medizinische anwendungen |
US4870957A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1989-10-03 | Marlowe Goble E | Ligament anchor system |
DE3936703A1 (de) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-05-08 | Lutz Biedermann | Knochenschraube |
FR2658876B1 (fr) * | 1990-02-09 | 1994-07-08 | Itw De France | Procede d'implantation d'un element d'assemblage dans un support en matiere tendre moulee, element d'assemblage convenant a la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede, fixation comportant ledit element d'assemblage, et support en matiere tendre moulee obtenu selon ledit procede. |
US5720753A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1998-02-24 | United States Surgical Corporation | Orthopedic fastener |
CA2063159C (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1999-06-15 | Thomas W. Sander | Orthopedic fastener |
US5354298A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1994-10-11 | United States Surgical Corporation | Suture anchor installation system |
US5480403A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1996-01-02 | United States Surgical Corporation | Suture anchoring device and method |
ES2099008B1 (es) * | 1993-10-07 | 1997-11-16 | Alacreu Jose Vicente Barbera | Perfeccionamientos en los sistemas de fusion vertebral cervical y dispositivo para su practica. |
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US1021390A (en) * | 1910-10-20 | 1912-03-26 | Raoul Diaz Wagner | Apertured bolt applicable especially for fixing rails onto the wooden sleepers. |
US1138219A (en) * | 1914-09-03 | 1915-05-04 | Adolph C Hottenroth | Expansible screw, bolt, or nail. |
US1136638A (en) * | 1914-11-25 | 1915-04-20 | Lothar R Zifferer | Expansion-bolt. |
US1922120A (en) * | 1931-10-05 | 1933-08-15 | Brosig Richard | Expansion sheath for wood-spikes |
US2026686A (en) * | 1934-06-30 | 1936-01-07 | Arthur A Kirley | Bolt |
US2370327A (en) * | 1943-02-13 | 1945-02-27 | Rosan Joseph | Tubular insert |
US2381050A (en) * | 1943-12-04 | 1945-08-07 | Mervyn G Hardinge | Fracture reducing device |
US2455885A (en) * | 1945-10-01 | 1948-12-07 | Erich G Theurer | Screw fastening |
US2490364A (en) * | 1948-02-27 | 1949-12-06 | Herman H Livingston | Bone pin |
US2871749A (en) * | 1955-04-11 | 1959-02-03 | Kalb Aaron | Blind fastener having locking stem retained in head by cammed lock washer |
US3022701A (en) * | 1959-08-10 | 1962-02-27 | Us Expansion Bolt Co | Plastic anchor-type fastener and driver means for expanding same |
US3081808A (en) * | 1960-07-25 | 1963-03-19 | Rosan Eng Corp | Thin-walled inserts and method of making same |
US3230994A (en) * | 1964-08-10 | 1966-01-25 | Rosan Eng Corp | Insert having an expandable split locking collar and method of using same |
US3281173A (en) * | 1965-01-08 | 1966-10-25 | Rosan Eng Corp | Insert having an integral locking collar |
DE1475058B2 (de) * | 1965-01-30 | 1970-11-19 | Max Langensiepen Kg, 7830 Emmendingen | Spreizdübel aus thermoplastischem Material |
US3279519A (en) * | 1965-07-26 | 1966-10-18 | Neuschotz Robert | Knurled locking threaded element |
US3383975A (en) * | 1966-02-21 | 1968-05-21 | Delron Company Inc | Self-locking insert assembly |
US3435526A (en) * | 1967-02-13 | 1969-04-01 | Heli Coil Corp | Device for securing an artificial tooth to the bone structure of a human jaw |
DE2250501C3 (de) * | 1972-10-14 | 1975-04-30 | Artur 7241 Tumlingen Fischer | Befestigungsmittel fur die Pfanne einer Huftgelenkprothese |
US4011602A (en) * | 1975-10-06 | 1977-03-15 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Porous expandable device for attachment to bone tissue |
CH648197A5 (de) * | 1980-05-28 | 1985-03-15 | Synthes Ag | Implantat und zu dessen befestigung an einem knochen dienende schrauben. |
US4408938A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-10-11 | Maguire James V | Expansion sleeve |
US4488843A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-12-18 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Reusable one piece drive fastener |
US4611581A (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1986-09-16 | Acromed Corporation | Apparatus for straightening spinal columns |
-
1986
- 1986-06-04 EP EP86107559A patent/EP0209685A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-07-02 US US06/884,103 patent/US4760843A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-07 CN CN86104508A patent/CN1008144B/zh not_active Expired
- 1986-07-09 CA CA000513363A patent/CA1259867A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-07-09 SU SU864027817A patent/SU1753935A3/ru active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103459862A (zh) * | 2011-02-14 | 2013-12-18 | K&F投资有限责任公司 | 用于将负载紧固在支承构件上的承载紧固套筒 |
CN103459862B (zh) * | 2011-02-14 | 2016-03-16 | K&F投资有限责任公司 | 用于将负载紧固在支承构件上的承载紧固套筒 |
CN104081067A (zh) * | 2012-01-31 | 2014-10-01 | 喜利得股份公司 | 锚固系统、尤其是背切锚固系统 |
CN104081067B (zh) * | 2012-01-31 | 2016-08-24 | 喜利得股份公司 | 锚固系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SU1753935A3 (ru) | 1992-08-07 |
CA1259867A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
US4760843A (en) | 1988-08-02 |
EP0209685A2 (de) | 1987-01-28 |
CN1008144B (zh) | 1990-05-30 |
EP0209685A3 (de) | 1988-11-09 |
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