CN1205374A - 改性脂肪胺防止低分子量副产物在纺织材料上沉积的用途 - Google Patents

改性脂肪胺防止低分子量副产物在纺织材料上沉积的用途 Download PDF

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CN1205374A
CN1205374A CN98115475.1A CN98115475A CN1205374A CN 1205374 A CN1205374 A CN 1205374A CN 98115475 A CN98115475 A CN 98115475A CN 1205374 A CN1205374 A CN 1205374A
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C·布里克曼
A·克莱尔
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Novartis AG
BASF Schweiz AG
Ciba SC Holding AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及式(1)的改性脂肪胺降低或防止在聚酯纤维材料生产过程中发生在由聚酯纤维组成或含有与其他纤维混纺的这些纤维的纺织材料上的低分子量副产物沉积的用途:R－NR3－(R1－O)n－R2(1)其中R为C9－C24烷基或酰基,R1为C2－C4亚烷基,R2为氢,C1－C4烷基或酰基,R3为氢或(R1－O)m,n和m各自独立地为2—100的整数,(R1－O)n为n个相同或不同的基团(R1－O),而(R1－O)m为m个相同或不同的基团(R1－O)。

Description

改性脂肪胺防止低分子量副产物在纺织材料上沉积的用途
本发明涉及改性脂肪胺降低或防止在聚酯纤维材料生产过程中发生在纺织材料上的低分子量副产物沉积的用途，该纺织材料由聚酯纤维组成或含有与其他纤维混纺的这些纤维。
在聚酯纤维生产过程中产生且粘附于纤维的低分子量副产物在织物整理工艺如染色或整理中引起令人讨厌的缺陷，如不匀，色泽变化，着色强度降低或沾色。此外，这些沉积物可引起纱线加工过程中细丝断裂增加。
因此需要防止由低分子量副产物沉积引起的缺陷。
令人惊奇的是，业已发现不希望有的低分子量副产物沉积可通过改性脂肪胺的本发明用途显著降低或完全防止。
因此，本发明涉及式(1)的改性脂肪胺降低或防止在聚酯纤维材料生产过程中发生在由聚酯纤维组成或含有与其他纤维混纺的这些纤维的纺织材料上的低分子量副产物沉积的用途：
           R-NR3-(R1-O)n-R2        (1)其中R为C9-C24烷基或酰基，R1为C2-C4亚烷基，R2为氢，C1-C4烷基或酰基，R3为氢或(R1-O)m，n和m各自独立地为2-100的整数，(R1-O)n为n个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)，而(R1-O)m为m个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)。
在式(1)中：
R优选为C14-C20烷基；
R1优选为亚丙基且更优选为亚乙基；
R2优选为C1-C4烷基且更优选为氢；
n为2-25，优选4-25，更优选4-12的数；n特别优选为4-8的数；
m为2-25，优选4-25，更优选4-12的数；m特别优选为4-8的数；
m+n的总和优选为4-50，更优选4-16，最优选4-8。
式(1)的胺类是已知的或可由已知方法制备。
式(1)的改性脂肪胺可在常用于织物整理工业中的那些设备中由常用于织物整理工业中的方法从例如预处理液或在由染色液进行染色方法之前或优选之后施于含聚酯的纺织材料上。有利的是将式(1)的改性脂肪胺用于经轴和喷射染色工艺中。
式(1)的改性脂肪胺可以溶液，优选10-50％任意地含溶剂的水溶液，或10-50％无水溶液或以分散液形式施于含有聚酯的纺织材料上。用于分散脂肪胺的常规分散剂，优选非离子分散剂，适于制备这类分散液。合适的非离子分散剂特别为选自如下的化合物：(ca)下式的烯化氧加合物：
Figure 98115475000550
其中Y1为C1-C12烷基、芳基或芳烷基，“亚烷基”表示亚乙基或亚丙基，以及m1为1-4，n1为4-50，(cb)烯化氧与饱和或不饱和1-6价脂族醇、脂肪酸、脂肪胺、脂肪酰胺、二胺或脱水山梨醇酯的加合物，(cc)烯化氧缩合产物(嵌段聚合物)，(cd)乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙烯酯或乙烯醇的聚合物，和(ce)乙烯基吡咯烷酮与乙酸乙烯酯和／或乙烯醇的共聚物或三元共聚物。
可提及的适于制备式(1)的改性脂肪胺的无水溶液或合适的话含溶剂的溶液的溶剂例如为乙二醇，二甘醇，一-、二-和三丁基乙二醇，二甘醇甲醚，二甘醇乙醚，二甘醇丙醚，1，2-二甲基-2，4-戊二醇，聚乙二醇丙二醇醚，二丙二醇甲醚，二丙二醇丁醚，己二醇，含有6-25个环氧乙烷单元的聚乙二醇，异丙醇和正丁醇。
式(1)的改性脂肪胺以0．03-5g／l，优选0．15-2g／l的量用于预处理液或染浴中。
式(1)的改性脂肪胺优选以适当配方形式施用。
在另一方面，本发明涉及一种配方，它包含3-50wt％下式化合物作组分(A)：
       R-NR3-(R1-O)n-R2        (1)其中R为C9-C24烷基或酰基，R1为C2-C4亚烷基，R2为氢、C1-C4烷基或酰基，R3为氢或(R1-O)m，n和m各自独立地为2-100的整数，(R1-O)n为n个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)，而(R1-O)m为m个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)，以及2-10wt％十二烷基苯磺酸作组分(B)，以及任选的其他组分。
一种优选的配方包含3-30wt％式(1)化合物作组分(A)和2-10wt％十二烷基苯磺酸作组分(B)以及任选的其他组分。
组分(A)具有上述优选含义。
用作组分(B)的十二烷基苯磺酸直接使用或优选以盐的形式如铵盐或单乙醇铵盐使用。
优选使用包含3-50wt％，优选3-30wt％式(1)化合物作组分(A)和2-10wt％十二烷基苯磺酸作组分(B)以及任选的其他组分的含水配方。
有利的是本发明配方包含5-50wt％，优选10-50wt％，更优选20-40wt％一种选自如下的化合物作组分(C)：单价和多价醇，乙二醇，聚乙二醇，丙二醇和聚丙二醇，4-100mol环氧乙烷和／或环氧丙烷与单价醇和多价醇、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇和聚丙二醇的加成产物，该加成产物任选地硫酸化或磷酸盐化且优选以可溶盐形式使用。
此类化合物的示例性实例特别为乙二醇，二甘醇，一-、二-和三丁基乙二醇，二甘醇甲醚，二甘醇乙醚，二甘醇丙醚，1，2-二甲基-2，4-戊二醇，聚乙二醇丙二醇醚，二丙二醇甲醚，二丙二醇丁醚，己二醇，具有6-25个环氧乙烷单元的聚乙二醇，异丙醇和正丁醇。
优选的组分(C)是4-100mol环氧乙烷和／或环氧丙烷与多价醇的硫酸化或磷酸盐化加成产物。
本发明的配方还可包含分散剂，例如上述分散剂，加溶剂，典型的是烷基磺酸盐，如2-乙基己基磺酸盐，烷基芳基磺酸盐，如枯烯磺酸盐，乙氧基化植物油，如具有20-50个环氧乙烷单元的大豆油乙氧基化物、蓖麻油乙氧基化物或椰子油乙氧基化物，或单-或二烷基化二苯醚单-或二磺酸，防腐剂，如甲醛给予剂，例如多聚甲醛和三噁烷，特别是约30-40wt％的甲醛水溶液，载体，典型的是烷基苯，联苯基化合物，苯甲酸烷基酯，卤化芳族化合物，如三氯苯或邻苯二甲酸烷基酯，润湿剂，匀染剂，防泡剂，润滑剂，如聚醚聚合物，磷酸酯或聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯或UV稳定剂，典型的是二苯酮，苯并三唑或均三嗪UV吸收剂，以及其他常用于织物整理工业中的助剂。
本发明的配方通常通过简单地混合单独的组分而制备，优选在升高温度下，例如在30-60℃下。
在另一方面，本发明涉及一种降低或防止低分子量副产物在含聚酯的纺织纤维材料上沉积的方法，该方法包括使用本发明的配方。
本发明的配方可以在整理工艺之前、之中或之后，例如有利的是在染色工艺之前、之中或之后施于聚酯或含聚酯的纺织纤维材料上。在实际染色工艺过程中和尤其是在其之前施用是优选的。
本发明的配方可在常用于织物整理工业中的设备中使用，有利的是用于经轴和喷射染色工艺中。
本发明的配方由织物整理工业中常用的方法施于纤维材料上。优选通过浸染法施用。由浸染法施用本发明配方通常在80-145℃温度和4-12，优选4-6的pH下进行。浴比可在宽范围内选择，例如1∶5-1∶40，优选1∶8-1∶25。
本发明的配方以0．1-10g／l，优选0．5-5g／l的量用于染液中。
本发明方法的一个优选实施方案是其中例如待染色的含聚酯的纤维材料首先用本发明的配方在50-70℃下处理例如5-10分钟，然后在加入染料后在至多140℃的温度下在相同染浴中染色。结束后冷却染浴并按常规整理染色的纤维材料。
在用于染色工艺中的染料中，适于本发明方法的染料描述于《色素索引》(Colour Index)第三版(1987年第3次修订，包括对No．85的增加和修改)中的“分散染料”条目下。这些染料例如是硝基、氨基、氨基酮、酮亚胺、次甲基、多次甲基、二苯胺、喹啉、苯并咪唑、呫吨、噁嗪或香豆素染料，且特别是蒽醌和偶氮染料，如单-或双偶氮染料，所有这些染料不含羧酸基团和／或磺酸基团。
本发明由下列实施例说明。温度以摄氏度给出，份数和百分数按重量计，除非另有说明。重量份与体积份之比与千克和升之间的比例相同。实施例1：
向装有搅拌器的反应烧瓶中加入40．0重量份油酸乙酯。连续搅拌，依次加入15．0重量份与8mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺(tallowfattyamine)，6．0重量份十二烷基苯磺酸，和39．0重份水并将该混合物搅拌至均匀。该混合物的pH然后用氨调至7-8。实施例2：
向装有搅拌器的反应烧瓶中加入36．0重量份与36mol环氧乙烷反应的蓖麻油。然后将烧瓶内容物加热至50℃并连续搅拌，依次加入1．5重量份与2mol环氧乙烷反应的硫酸化壬基酚的钠盐，10．0重量份聚丙二醇600，0．5重量份乙二胺四乙酸钠盐，5．0重量份十二烷基苯磺酸，7．0重量份与8mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺，和40．0重量份水并搅拌该混合物至均匀，然后冷却至室温。该混合物的pH然后用氨调节至7-8。实施例3：
向装有搅拌器的反应烧瓶中加入20．0重量份平均摩尔质量为2000的乙氧基化1，4-丁二醇硫酸酯的钠盐。然后将烧瓶内容物加热至60℃并连续搅拌，依次加入6．0重量份十二烷基苯磺酸，25．0重量份与8mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺，和49．0重量份水并将该混合物搅拌至均匀，然后冷却至室温。该混合物的pH然后用氨调节至7-8。实施例4：
向装有搅拌器的反应烧瓶中加入20．0重量份聚乙二醇400，和10．0重量份聚丙二醇400。然后将烧瓶内容物加热至50℃并连续搅拌，依次加入1．0重量份乙二胺四乙酸钠盐，2．0重量份十二烷基苯磺酸，30．0重量份与8．0mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺，和37．0重量份水并将该混合物搅拌至均匀，然后冷却至室温。该混合物的pH然后用氨调节至7-8。实施例5：
向装有搅拌器的反应烧瓶中加入50．0重量份己二醇30．0重量份与8．0mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺，和20．0重量份水。然后将烧瓶内容物加热至50℃，搅拌至均匀并冷却至室温。实施例6：
向装有搅拌器的反应烧瓶中加入80．0重量份二丙二醇和20．0重量份与8．0mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺。然后加热烧瓶内容物至30℃，搅拌至均匀并冷却至室温。实施例7：
将25g聚酯织物片用染液以1∶14的浴比在实验室染色设备中于60℃处理5分钟，每1升该染液包含2g硫酸铵，4g市售载体，和2g实施例3的配方，用甲酸将该染液调至pH5．5。然后向该染液中加入25ml 3％下式染料溶液：
Figure 98115475001016
5分钟后将染液温度在40分钟内升至135℃并在该温度下处理聚酯织物60分钟。然后冷却染液至60℃并用冷水漂洗染色的聚酯织物、干燥。这得到均匀兰色的高度染色的染色品而无任何沉积物或仅有痕量沉积物。实施例8：
将25g聚酯织物片用染液以1∶14的浴比在实验室染色设备中于60℃处理5分钟，每1升该染液包含2g硫酸铵和0．2g与8mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺的40％水溶液，用甲酸将该染液调至pH5．5。
然后将25ml式(4)染料的3％溶液加入染液中。5分钟后染液温度在40分钟内升至135℃并在该温度下处理聚酯织物60分钟。然后冷却染液至60℃并用冷水漂洗染色的聚酯织物，干燥。得到均匀兰色的高度染色的染色品而无任何沉积物或仅有痕量沉积物。实施例9：
重复实施例7的一般程序，但用0．3g实施例5所述配方代替0．2g与8mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺的40％溶液，同样得到均匀兰色的高度染色的染色品而无任何沉积物或仅有痕量沉积物。实施例10：
重复实施例7的一般程序，但用0．4g实施例6所述配方代替0．2g与8mol环氧乙烷反应的牛脂脂肪胺的40％溶液，同样得到均匀兰色的高度染色的染色品而无任何沉积物或仅有痕量沉积物。

Claims (9)

1．下式的改性脂肪胺降低或防止在聚酯纤维材料生产过程中发生在由聚酯纤维组成或含有与其他纤维混纺的这些纤维的纺织材料上的低分子量副产物沉积的用途：
           R-NR3-(R1-O)n-R2        (1)其中R为C9-C24烷基或酰基，R1为C2-C4亚烷基，R2为氢，C1-C4烷基或酰基，R3为氢或(R1-O)m，n和m各自独立地为2-100的整数，(R1-O)n为n个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)，而(R1-O)m为m个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)。
2．根据权利要求1的用途，其中R为C14-C20烷基。
3．根据权利要求1或2的用途，其中R1为亚乙基。
4．根据权利要求1-3中任一项的用途，其中R2为氢。
5．一种配方，包含3-50wt％下式化合物作组分(A)：
       R-NR3-(R1-O)n-R2             (1)其中R为C9-C24烷基或酰基，R1为C2-C4亚烷基，R2为氢、C1-C4烷基或酰基，R3为氢或(R1-O)m，n和m各自独立地为2-100的整数，(R1-O)n为n个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)，而(R1-O)m为m个相同或不同的基团(R1-O)，以及2-10wt％十二烷基苯磺酸作组分(B)，以及任选的其他组分。
6．根据权利要求5的配方，其中组分(A)为3～30wt％的式(1)化合物。
7．根据权利要求5或6的配方，包含5-50wt％选自如下的化合物作额外的组分(C)：单价和多价醇，乙二醇，聚乙二醇，丙二醇和聚丙二醇，4-100mol环氧乙烷和／或环氧丙烷与单价醇和多价醇、乙二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇和聚丙二醇的加成产物，该加成产物任选地硫酸化或磷酸盐化且优选以可溶盐形式使用。
8．一种降低或防止低分子量副产物在含聚酯的纤维材料上沉积的方法，包括使用根据权利要求5-7中任一项的配方。
9．根据权利要求5-7中任一项的配方防止低分子量副产物在含聚酯的纤维材料上沉积的用途。
CN98115475.1A 1997-07-10 1998-07-09 改性脂肪胺防止低分子量副产物在纺织材料上沉积的用途 Pending CN1205374A (zh)

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