CN1201445A - 产气组合物 - Google Patents
产气组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1201445A CN1201445A CN96198112A CN96198112A CN1201445A CN 1201445 A CN1201445 A CN 1201445A CN 96198112 A CN96198112 A CN 96198112A CN 96198112 A CN96198112 A CN 96198112A CN 1201445 A CN1201445 A CN 1201445A
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- nitroguanidine
- gas
- oxygenant
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium nitrate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine Chemical compound NC1=NN=NN1 ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEVRDFDBXJMZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl dihydrazine Chemical compound NNC(=O)NN XEVRDFDBXJMZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLXWQTRKKYVWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;1,1,2-triaminoguanidine Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.N\N=C(\N)N(N)N XLXWQTRKKYVWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;1,2,3-triaminoguanidine Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NNC(NN)=NN UAGLZAPCOXRKPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 nitrogenous organic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M [(1s,2s)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl]-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;chlororuthenium(1+);1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound [Ru+]Cl.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-][C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YCINVKSCIBUTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].N(=O)O Chemical compound [Mn].N(=O)O YCINVKSCIBUTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Cl] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl] DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001337 aliphatic alkines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001964 alkaline earth metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical group C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine Substances NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010289 potassium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004304 potassium nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940001516 sodium nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HOWFTCIROIVKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;dinitrite Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]N=O.[O-]N=O HOWFTCIROIVKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
一种产气组合物,具有低燃烧温度和降低的热值,并能够减小气体发生器自身的体积。这种产气组合物中含有作为基本组分的硝基胍和一种氧化剂,该氧化剂包含(a)碱金属和碱土金属的硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐,(b)选自铜、钴、铁、锰、镍、锌、钼和铋的一种或多种金属的一氧化物或多氧化物,或者组分(a)和组分(b)的混合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种产气组合物,这种产气组合物可以作为安装在汽车、飞机或者诸如此类的气囊系统的工作气体来保护人体。
现有技术
叠氮化钠是公众已知的作为气体发生剂用在汽车、飞机等的气囊系统中。进一步讲,含有叠氮化钠的产气组合物在燃烧性能方面并没有特别的问题,因此在实际中广泛应用。然而,叠氯化钠具有本质上不受欢迎的缺点。例如,这个领域中的许多专利已经指出的各种问题,如分解爆炸的危险性,与重金属反应形成爆炸物和因废弃物成批处理而产生的环境污染等。
同时,为了解决这些问题,正在进行各种研究寻找叠氮化物的替代物。例如,JP-B6-57629公开了含有过渡金属的四唑或三唑复合物的产气组合物;JP-A5-254977公开了含有硝酸三氨基胍的组合物;JP-A6-239683公开了含有碳酰肼的组合物;JP-A7-61885公开了含有乙酸纤维素和含氮非金属化合物如硝基胍的组合物。
此外,美国专利5125684公开了使用硝基胍作为高能组分与15%~3%的纤维素基的粘合剂共存;WO-A96/25375(1996年8月22日公开)还公开了硝基胍与氧化硅或氧化铝的组合。
当使用化学计量的氧化剂使含氮的有机物燃烧时(即该化学计量能产生足够的氧气来完成碳、氢、和构成该化合物的其它元素的燃烧),燃烧热和燃烧温度通常高于叠氮化合物燃烧时的值,除了产气剂的性能外,对气囊膨胀系统重要的是该系统本身体积不妨碍汽车的正常驾驶。然而,当使用高燃烧温度和高燃烧热的产气剂时,在设计产气装置时不可避免要使用附加的部件以除去热量,这样不可能降低产气器的体积。简而言之,最好是在燃烧时产气剂具有低的燃烧温度和低的燃烧热。因此,可以说上述已知的产气组合物在用于气囊系统中时并不令人满意。
发明的公开
本发明的发明者进行了广泛的研完以解决这个问题,本发明即是这种研究的结果。
本发明涉及一种产气组合物,其含有作为基本组分的硝基胍和氧化剂,该氧化剂包含下述组分(a)或(b)或者组分(a)和(b)的混合物:
(a)碱金属或碱土金属的硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐;和
(b)选自铜、钴、铁、锰、镍、锌、钼和铋的一种或多种金属的一氧化物或多氧化物。
该组合物优选地是硝基胍与组分(b)的组合或者是与组分(a)和(b)的组合。
该组合物优选地含有20%到80%重量的硝基胍,和80%到20%重量的氧化剂,进一步优选地含有25%到40%重量的硝基胍和75%到60%重量的氧化剂。
该组合物还可以包含以组合物总重量计至多5%的一种或多种粘结剂。
优选的氧化剂是其中的组分(a)为碱土金属硝酸盐,更优选为硝酸锶的氧化剂;其中组分(a)为碱金属硝酸盐,进一步优选为硝酸钾的氧化剂;其中组分(b)是一氧化物,进一步优选为一氧化铜的氧化剂:和含有硝酸锶和氧化铜的氧化剂。
实施本发明的方式将在下文中进行详细的描述。
尽管本发明产气组合物中硝基胍的含量依赖于氧化剂种类和氧平衡,但其优选为20%到80%的重量,更优选是20%到60%的重量。最理想的含量是25%到40%的重量,因为在这种情况下含有氧化铜作为氧化剂的产气组合物显示的燃烧温度为2200K或更低,气体得率为1.2mol/100g或更高。
本发明中,使用上述的组分(a)或(b)或者两者的混合物作为氧化剂。碱金属或碱土金属硝酸盐或亚硝酸盐组分(a)的特定实例包括碱金属或碱土金属的硝酸盐,如:硝酸钠,硝酸钾、硝酸锰,硝酸锶;碱金属或碱土金属的亚硝酸盐如亚硝酸钠,亚硝酸钾,亚硝酸锰和亚硝酸锶。另一方面,选自铜、钴、铁、锰、镍、锌、钼和铋的金属的一氧化物或多氧化物组分(b)的特定的实例包括CuO、Cu2O、Co2O3、CoO、Co3O4、Fe2O3、FeO、Fe3O4、MnO2、Mn2O3、Mn3O4、NiO、ZnO、MoO3、CoMoO4、BiMoO6和Bi2O3。在这些氧化剂中,铜氧化物是最好的。
用在本发明中的氧化剂可从上述的化合物中选出,也可以是其中二种或多种物质的混合物。产气组合物中氧化剂组分的含量优选为80%到20%的重量,更优选80%到40%的重量。最好这种组分的含量是75%到60%的重量,因为在这种情况下,含有一氧化铜作为氧化剂的产气组合物,其燃烧温度在2200K或以下,气体得率在1.2mol/100g或以上。
本发明的产气组合物还可以包含一种或多种粘合剂。用于本发明的粘合剂包括无机类如二氧化硅,氧化铝,二硫化钼;和有机类如微晶纤维素,POVAL和高分子量的低聚物。优选的组合物中粘合剂含量为5%重量或更少。
相比于现有技术的产气组合物,本发明含有硝基胍和上述的氧化剂的产气组合物通常显示降低的燃烧和降低的总燃烧热。特别地,含有硝基胍和CuO的组合物在这些方面的性能极为优异,因此,它是最重要的组合。此外,通过控制氧平衡,这种组合物在燃速和压力指数方面可以发生变化。本说明书中,术语“压力指数”是指下式中的指数“n”:燃速r(mm/sec)=a×pn,(其中a是依据产气组合物的构成和起始温度的常数,p是测量的压力(kgf/cm2))。上述的组合物具有这种特性:当氧平衡向正方向移动时,n接近于0,从燃烧稳定性角度来看,这是特别优选的。
本发明的产气组合物优选地通过在粉末态混合这些成分制备,并且必要时,这个混合过程也可以在水或类似溶剂存在下根据湿法进行。在使用前,如果有必要,本组合物可以被压模成合适的形状如颗粒状,片状,圆盘状。此外,低燃速的产气组合物可以在使用前通过挤压而成型。
本发明的产气组合物特别适用于安装在汽车、飞机等的气囊中,用于保护人体。
本发明的产气组合物中的硝基胍显示了气囊系统需要的较高的长期稳定性并且具有优异的燃烧性能。
实施例:
现在参照下述实施例和对比例对本发明进行具体的说明,但本发明并不仅限于这些。在下列实施例和对比例中,在试验前用一般的方式对这些组合物进行造粒。
实施例1-5和对比例1-7。
表1显示的是根据本发明得到的含硝基胍的产气组合物的理论燃烧温度。含有过渡金属5-氨基四唑(5-AT)复合物的产气组合物(公开在JP-B6-57629中)(对比例1、2),含有硝酸三氨基胍的产气组合物(公开在JP-A5-254977中)(对比例3),含有硝酰肼的产气组合物(公开在JP-A6-239683中)(对比例4)以及含有乙酸纤维素和含氮非金属化合物的产气组合物(公开在JP-A7-61885中)(对比例5,6,7)的理论燃烧温度都作为对比例示出。
实施例6到14
含有硝基胍和CuO的产气组合物可以通过改变各种组分的混合比而改变燃烧温度、燃速、粒状产气组合物的密度以及气体得率。表2给出了对应的数据。每一个燃速都是在70kgf/cm2的压力下测定的。
从这些结果可以看到,本发明的产气组合物特别在燃烧温度方面优于以前的产品,这为减小气体发生器的尺寸和应用于气囊系统作好了准备。
表1
组分 重量%(wt%) | 燃烧温度(K) | ||
实施例 | 1 | 硝基胍/KNO3 (56.3/43.7) | 2200 |
2 | 硝基胍/Sr(NO3)2/CuO (40.3/19.2/40.5) | 2091 | |
3 | 硝基胍/CuO (39.5/60.5) | 2043 | |
4 | 硝基胍/KNO3/Al2O3 (55.2/42.8/2.0) | 2172 | |
5 | 硝基胍/CuO/纤维素 (32.8/64.7/2.5) | 1928 | |
对比例 | 1 | Zn(5-AT)2/Sr(NO3)2 (44.0/56.0) | 2411 |
2 | [Cu(5-AT)2·1/2 A2O]/Sr(NO3)2 (42/58) | 2390 | |
3 | 三氨基胍硝酸盐/KClO4 (57.9/42.1) | 2911 | |
4 | 碳酰肼/KClO4/CaO (39/61/10) | 2825 | |
5 | 乙酸纤维素/甘油三乙酸酯/KClO4/硝基胍 (8/2/55/35) | 2834 | |
6 | 乙酸纤维素/甘油三乙酸酯/KClO4/三氨基胍硝酸盐 (8/4/57/31) | 2893 | |
7 | 乙酸纤维素/甘油三乙酸酯/KClO4/5-氨基四唑 (10/5/65/20) | 2928 |
表2
组分 (重量%) | 燃烧温度(K) | 燃速(mm/s) | 密度(g/cm3) | 气体得率(mol/100g产气组合物) | ||
实施例 | 6 | 硝基胍/CuO (39.5/60.5) | 2043 | 4.3 | 2.54 | 1.90 |
7 | 硝基胍/CuO (38/62) | 1992 | 4.9 | 2.56 | 1.83 | |
8 | 硝基胍/CuO (36/64) | 1922 | 5.8 | 2.58 | 1.73 | |
9 | 硝基胍/CuO (34/66) | 1850 | 6.9 | 2.63 | 1.63 | |
10 | 硝基胍/CuO (32/68) | 1774 | 8.8 | 2.71 | 1.54 | |
11 | 硝基胍/CuO (30/70) | 1695 | 9.1 | 2.76 | 1.44 | |
12 | 硝基胍/CuO (28/72) | 1604 | 10.6 | 2.83 | 1.35 | |
13 | 硝基胍/CuO (26/74) | 1526 | 11.0 | 2.94 | 1.25 | |
14 | 硝基胍/CuO (24.6/75.4) | 1517 | 9.5 | 2.94 | 1.18 |
Claims (13)
1.一种产气组合物,其特征在于包括作为基本细分的硝基胍和一种氧化剂,该氧化剂包括下列组分(a)和组分(b)或者组分(a)和组分(b)的混合物:
(a)碱金属或碱土金属的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐;和
(b)选自铜、钴、铁、锰、镍、锌、钼或铋的金属的一氧化物或多氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中含有硝基胍和组分(b)。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中含有硝基胍和组分(a)和(b)。
4.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中含有20到80%重量的硝基胍以及80%到20%重量的氧化剂。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中含有25到40%重量的硝基胍及75%到60%重量的氧化剂。
6.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中还含有占组合物总重量的5%或低于5%的粘合剂。
7.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的组分(a)是碱土金属的硝酸盐。
8.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的组分(a)中硝酸锶。
9.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的组分(a)是碱金属硝酸盐。
10.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的组分(a)是硝酸钾。
11.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的组分(b)是一种氧化物。
12.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的组分(b)是一氧化铜。
13.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中的氧化剂含有硝酸锶和一氧化铜。
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JP295148/95 | 1995-11-14 | ||
JP295148/1995 | 1995-11-14 | ||
JP29514895A JP3247929B2 (ja) | 1995-11-14 | 1995-11-14 | ガス発生剤組成物 |
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CN1201445A true CN1201445A (zh) | 1998-12-09 |
CN1146531C CN1146531C (zh) | 2004-04-21 |
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CNB961981121A Expired - Lifetime CN1146531C (zh) | 1995-11-14 | 1996-11-13 | 产气组合物 |
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US (2) | US6190474B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0861817B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3247929B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100373587B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1146531C (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1997018178A1 (zh) |
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CN101687722B (zh) * | 2007-07-16 | 2012-10-03 | 关键安全体系股份有限公司 | 产气组合物和气囊充气机 |
CN107501018A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-22 | 成都银河动力有限公司 | 一种用于化学能板材破拆装备的专用药剂 |
CN109219539A (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2019-01-15 | 均胜安全系统收购有限责任公司 | 产气组合物及其制备和使用方法 |
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JP2000086376A (ja) | 1998-09-14 | 2000-03-28 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | ガス発生剤組成物 |
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- 1996-11-13 US US09/068,688 patent/US6190474B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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CN101687722B (zh) * | 2007-07-16 | 2012-10-03 | 关键安全体系股份有限公司 | 产气组合物和气囊充气机 |
CN109219539A (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2019-01-15 | 均胜安全系统收购有限责任公司 | 产气组合物及其制备和使用方法 |
CN109219539B (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2021-10-19 | 均胜安全系统收购有限责任公司 | 产气组合物及其制备和使用方法 |
CN107501018A (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-22 | 成都银河动力有限公司 | 一种用于化学能板材破拆装备的专用药剂 |
CN107501018B (zh) * | 2017-08-08 | 2020-04-14 | 成都银河动力有限公司 | 一种用于化学能板材破拆装备的专用药剂 |
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US20010000387A1 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
JP3247929B2 (ja) | 2002-01-21 |
KR100373587B1 (ko) | 2003-04-21 |
JPH09142981A (ja) | 1997-06-03 |
EP0861817B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
CN1146531C (zh) | 2004-04-21 |
US6190474B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 |
KR19990064102A (ko) | 1999-07-26 |
WO1997018178A1 (fr) | 1997-05-22 |
EP0861817A4 (en) | 1999-03-10 |
EP0861817A1 (en) | 1998-09-02 |
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