CN1201390A - 用于治疗运动障碍的5-ht3受体拮抗剂 - Google Patents
用于治疗运动障碍的5-ht3受体拮抗剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1201390A CN1201390A CN96198141A CN96198141A CN1201390A CN 1201390 A CN1201390 A CN 1201390A CN 96198141 A CN96198141 A CN 96198141A CN 96198141 A CN96198141 A CN 96198141A CN 1201390 A CN1201390 A CN 1201390A
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- receptor antagonist
- ondansetron
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- 208000002040 neurosyphilis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002746 orthostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950006391 pancopride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003712 propranolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940086735 succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001975 sympathomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002636 symptomatic treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000005057 thyrotoxicosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229950004288 tosilate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- KQTIIICEAUMSDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricarballylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KQTIIICEAUMSDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001032 trihexyphenidyl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950004681 zacopride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950001074 zatosetron Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供利用5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物来治疗运动障碍。
Description
本发明涉及在5-HT3受体上作为5-羟色胺(5-HT)的拮抗剂起作用的化合物的新的医疗应用。
可通过本领域公知的方法,例如,通过其抑制3-(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)-1-〔1-〔3H〕-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基〕-1-丙酮在鼠鼻内皮层组织匀浆中结合的能力(按照G Kilpatrick等在Nature,1987,330,746-748中描述的方法进行),和/或通过其对5-HT诱导的猫Bezold-Jarisch(B-J)反射作用(按照A Butler等在Br.J.Pharmacol.,94,397-412(1988)中描述的方法进行)来识别5-HT3受体拮抗剂。
已经公开许多不同的5-HT3受体拮抗剂,例如,在下列专利申请中提到的那些(并且,下文称作A组化合物):AU619731 AU626614 AU8658939 AU8660274 AU8716591AU8767121 EP067770 EP158265 EP158532 EP189002EP190920 EP191562 EP200444 EP202062 EP210840EP212802 EP214772 EP219193 EP220011 EP221702EP230718 EP234872 EP235878 EP237281 EP239321EP242973 EP254584 EP255297 EP261964 EP266730EP266899 EP276163 EP287196 EP289170 EP291172EP294292 EP297651 EP302699 EP306148 EP306323EP307145 EP307172 EP309423 EP311724 EP313393EP315316 EP315390 EP317088 EP322016 EP323077EP327307 EP327335 EP328200 EP329932 EP330788EP330824 EP336759 EP337547 EP338650 EP339669EP339950 EP339959 EP344015 EP345956 EP350130EP351385 EP353983 EP356098 EP357417 EP358903EP361317 EP361629 EP375045 EP376624 EP377238EP378111 EP381422 EP385722 EP387431 EP392663EP393766 EP403261 EP403882 EP405784 EP407137EP410509 EP419397 EP420086 EP429984 EP430190EP436245 EP454121 EP456519 EP457243 EP458636EP469449 EP482939 EP483836 EP485962 EP490263EP491664 EP498466 EP554794 GB2125398 GB2145416GB2152049 GB2153821 GB2169292 GB2192885 GB2208385GB2208862 GB2213816 GB2216516 GB2225574 GB2229182GB2236528 GB2236751 GB2247886 US4290227 US4486441US4657911 US4789673 US4816453 US4822881 US4826838US4857517 US4859683 US4914207 US4920219 US4921982US4924010 US4935511 US4963689 US4992461 US4997956US5030646 US5063230 US5116984 US5137893 WO8403281WO8801866 WO8909217 WO9006309 WO9101316 WO9104738WO9107402 WO9112254 WO9116888 WO9117161 WO9205174WO9206689 WO9209284 WO9212149;所有引入本文的内容仅供参考。上述申请在关于它们所公开的5-HT3受体拮抗剂中,也描述了其适宜的制备方法及其给药剂量。
在UK专利号2153821B中,特别公开了1,2,3,9-四氢-9-甲基-3-〔(甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)甲基〕-4H-咔唑-4-酮,已知,现在称作恩丹西酮(ondansetron),它可以由下式(I)表示及其可药用盐,溶剂化物及其可药用等同物。
来自A组化合物的具体实例包括B组化合物,即:
桥(endo)-N-(8-甲基-8-氮杂二环〔3.2.1〕辛-3-基)2,3-二氢-2-氧代-1H-苯并咪唑-1-甲酰胺(itasetron);
桥-N-(8-甲基-8-氮杂二环〔3.2.1〕辛-3-基)2,3-二氢-3-乙基-2-氧代-1H-苯并咪唑-1-甲酰胺(BIMU1);
桥-8-甲基-8-氮杂二环〔3.2.1〕辛-3-基吲哚-3-羧酸酯(tropisetron);
桥-N-(9-甲基-9-氮杂二环〔3.3.1〕壬-3-基)-1-甲基咪唑-3-甲酰胺(康泉);
反式-六氢-8-(3-吲哚基羰基氧基)-2,6-亚甲基-2H-喹嗪-3(4H)酮(dolasetron),优选其mesilate形式;
桥-5-氯-2,3-二氢-2,2-二甲基-N-(8-甲基-8-氮杂二环〔3.2.1〕辛-3-基)-7-苯并呋喃甲酰胺(扎托司琼);
4-氨基-N-〔1-氮杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛-3-基〕-5-氯-2-甲氧基苯甲酰胺(扎考必利),更优选(R)扎考必利;
4-〔N-(1-氮杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛烷-3-(5)-基〕2-氯-顺式5a-(s)-9a(s)-5a,6,7,8,9,9a-六氢苯并呋喃甲酰胺(RG-12915);
4-氨基-5-氯-N-〔2-吡咯烷基甲基〕-2,3-二氢苯并〔b〕呋喃-7-甲酰胺(ADR-851);
4-氨基-N-〔1-氮杂二环〔2.2.1〕辛-3-基〕-5-氯-2,3-二氢苯并〔b〕呋喃-7-甲酰胺(ADR-882);
(R)-5-〔(1-甲基-3-吲哚基)羰基〕-4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-苯并咪唑(YM060);
(±)-N-(1-氮杂二环〔2.2.2〕辛-3-基)-6-氯-4-甲基-3-氧代-3,4-二氢-2H-1,4-苯并噁嗪-8-甲酰胺(azasetron);
桥-N-(8-甲基-8-氮杂二环〔3.2.1〕辛-3-基)-2,3-二氢-3,3-二甲基吲哚-1-甲酰胺(BRL 46470);和
2,3,4,5-四氢-5-甲基-2-〔(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲基〕-1H-吡啶并〔4,3-b〕吲哚-1-酮(alosetron),优选其盐酸盐;
6-氟-2,3,4,5-四氢-5-甲基-2-〔(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲基〕-1H-吡啶并〔4,3-b〕吲哚-1-酮(lurosetron),特别是其mesilate二水合物形式;
4H-吡啶并(3,2,1-jk)咔唑-11(8H)-酮,5,6,9,10-四氢-10-((2-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)甲基)-,(R)-(cilansentron);
苯甲酰胺,4-氨基-5-氯-N-(8-甲基-8-氮杂二环(3.2.1)辛-3-基)-2-((1-甲基-2-丁炔基)氧基)-,一盐酸盐,(3(S)-桥)(E-3620);
吡啶并(1,2-a)吲哚-6(7H)-酮,8,9-二氢-10-甲基-7-((5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲基)-,一盐酸盐,(+)-(FK-1052);
苯甲酰胺,4-氨基-N-1-氮杂二环(2.2.2)辛-3-基-5-氯-2(环丙基甲氧基)-,(+/-)-(pancopride);和
7-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-3-羧酸,8-甲基-8-氮杂二环(3.2.1)辛-3-基酯。
本领域技术人员已知,使用不同化学命名惯例(例如,IUPAC,CA)的结果是,B组化合物在A组化合物相应的专利申请中,可以有不同的化学名字。
本发明所使用的其它适宜的5-HT3受体拮抗剂的实例包括C组化合物,即:
1H-吲哚,2,3-二氢-1-((4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-苯并咪唑-5-基)羰基)-,一盐酸盐,(R)-(YM-114);
1H-苯并咪唑,1-(苯甲基)-2-(1-哌嗪基)-(lerisetron);
桥-3,9-二甲基-3,9-二氮杂二环(3.3.1)壬-7-基-1H-吲唑-3-甲酰胺二盐酸盐(N-3389);
RS-25259;
桥-8-甲基-8-氮杂二环(3.2.1)辛-3-基1-异丁基-2-氧代-1,2-二氢-4-奎宁环羧酸酯(KF-18259);
2-甲氧基-4-氨基-5-氯-N-(六氢-1H,2,5β-亚甲基-3α,6α-环戊二烯并(c)吡咯-4α-4-(R)-基)苯甲酰胺盐酸盐(SC-52491);
(3aS)-(2-((S)-1-氮杂二环(2.2.2)辛-3-基)-2,3,3a,4,5,6-六氢-1H-苯并(de)异喹啉-1-酮盐酸盐;
桥-1-环己基-N-(8-甲基-8-氮杂二环(3.2.1)辛-3-基)-4-氧代-1,4-二氢喹啉-3-甲酰胺(mirisetron);
6-氨基-5-氯-1-异丙基-2-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯并咪唑二马来酸盐(KB-6933);
(+)-桥-4-(丙酰基氧基)-6-(4-氟苯基)-1-氮杂二环(3.3.1)壬-6-烯盐酸盐(GYKI-46903);和
3-(2-(4’-胡椒基哌嗪基)吲哚)甲醛(VA-21B7)。
已知,5-HT3受体拮抗剂可用于治疗各种涉及5-HT3受体拮抗剂介导机理的疾病,尤其包括呕吐。
异常的不随意运动或运动障碍特别包括震颤,舞蹈病,肌阵挛和抽搐。除了这些类型的运动障碍外,还有一组特定的不随意运动,已知称作迟发型运动障碍或药物引起的迟发型运动障碍。
震颤是异常的不随意发抖或颤动。其特征为,有规律的节律性肌收缩引起的身体部分节律性正弦样运动。
舞蹈病是由一连串无规律、不平稳和突发性运动构成的,它以随机的顺序,从身体的一个部位掠过,到达另一个部位。各肌肉的收缩是短暂的,常常以正常运动的一个片断表现出来,并且在发作时间和部位方面是十分不可预见的。
肌阵挛是由快速电击样肌肉痉挛构成的,常常是重复性的并且有时是节律性的。
在外表上看,抽搐与肌阵挛类似,但它是重复性的刻板性运动,可以有意地模仿并且可以在消除精神压力的情况下,通过主观努力的控制来抑制其发作。
迟发型运动障碍的特征是通过面、颊、口和颈肌肉系统的不随意重复运动表现的。
运动障碍,特别是,当运动障碍为疾病的单一表现(例如,良性原发性(家族性)震颤和良性原发性(肌阵挛))时,其现代药物治疗包括酒精,苯并二氮杂,如安定,氯羟安定和氯硝安定;和β-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂,如心得安。其它的运动障碍常常是另一种神经病学疾病的一个表现方面并且运动障碍的治疗应适用于相应的神经病学疾病的治疗。因此,例如,可通过多巴胺能药物如左旋多巴和抗毒蕈碱药物如苯海索来治疗由帕金森病引起的震颤。
然而,很多病人从这些药物中获益很小或者甚至没有减轻痛苦。此外,这些药物产生的副作用严重地限制来它们在临床上的应用。因此,需要开发新的药物来治疗运动障碍。
意外地发现,5-HT3受体拮抗剂也可以用于治疗运动障碍。
因此,一方面,本发明提供用于治疗运动障碍的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或可药用衍生物。
可药用衍生物是指5-HT3受体拮抗剂的任何可药用盐或溶剂化物或任何其它当给予受体时能够提供(直接或间接)5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其活性代谢物或残留物的化合物。
在一个优选方面中,本发明提供用于治疗运动障碍的A组化合物或其可药用衍生物,更优选B组化合物或其可药用衍生物。
因此,在进一步优选方面中,本发明提供用于治疗运动障碍的恩丹西酮或其可药用衍生物。
适宜的恩丹西酮可药用盐包括与无机或有机酸形成的酸加成盐(例如,盐酸盐,氢溴酸盐,硫酸盐,磷酸盐,苯甲酸盐,萘甲酸盐,羟基萘甲酸盐,对甲苯磺酸盐,甲磺酸盐,氨基磺酸盐,抗坏血酸盐,酒石酸盐,水杨酸盐,琥珀酸盐,乳酸盐,戊二酸盐,戊烯二酸盐,醋酸盐,丙三羧酸盐,柠檬酸盐,富马酸盐和马来酸盐),及其溶剂化物(例如水合物)。
在本发明一个优选实例中,恩丹西酮以其盐酸盐形式使用,更优选以其盐酸盐二水合物形式使用。
在本发明另一优选实例中,恩丹西酮以其游离碱形式使用。
本领域技术人员已知,恩丹西酮包含一个手性中心(在式(I)中,由*表示),因此,恩丹西酮存在光学异构体形式(即,对映体)。本发明包括恩丹西酮的所有异构体及其可药用衍生物,包括所有互变异构体和光学异构体形式及其混合物,包括外消旋混合物。
各类型的运动障碍可由多种疾病引起。它可以伴有其它神经病学缺陷或者异常的不随意运动可单独发生并且构成该病。5-HT3受体拮抗剂尤其用于治疗震颤,舞蹈病,肌阵挛,抽搐和迟发型运动障碍。
震颤包括静止性震颤、体位性震颤和意向性震颤。静止性震颤可以由例如,帕金森病、脑炎后帕金森神经机能障碍、药物诱导的帕金森神经机能障碍和其它锥体束外疾病引起。体位性震颤可以由例如生理性震颤;归因于例如甲状腺毒症、焦虑状态、酒精、药物(如拟交感神经药,抗抑郁药和锂)和重金属(如汞)中毒的夸张性生理性震颤;甲状腺机能亢进,归因于例如严重脑损伤、肝豆状核变性和神经梅毒的脑结构疾病;和良性原发性(家族性)震颤引起。意向性震颤可由归因于例如多发性硬化(MS)、脊髓小脑变性、血管疾病和震颤的脑干或小脑疾病引起。
舞蹈病包括小舞蹈病、亨廷顿舞蹈病,良性遗传性舞蹈病、症状性舞蹈病、药物诱导的舞蹈病和偏身挥舞症(偏身舞蹈病)。
肌阵挛包括全身性肌阵挛,如进行性肌阵挛性脑病、静止性肌阵挛性脑病、肌阵挛性癫痫、良性原发性(家族性)肌阵挛和病灶性肌阵挛(辅助性的)。
抽搐包括简单的抽搐、复杂的复合抽搐(例如图雷特综合征)和症状性抽搐。
迟发型运动障碍可在用例如精神抑制药如吩噻嗪治疗精神病(如分裂性言语和躁狂);和用多巴胺能药物如左旋多巴治疗识别性疾病如痴呆(例如帕金森病)后发生。迟发型运动障碍可在停止治疗后持续存在。
在一个优选方面中,本发明提供用于治疗震颤的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
在另一优选方面中,本发明提供用于治疗良性原发性(家族性)震颤的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
良性原发性(家族性)震颤可存在于任何年龄并且通常作为常染色体显性性状遗传。尽管也可以影响到爪、舌、腿和躯干,其特征是通过臂和头的体位性震颤表现的。
在另一优选方面中,本发明提供用于治疗意向性震颤的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
在另一方面,本发明提供治疗哺乳动物,包括人,运动障碍的方法,它包括给予有效量的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
在另一方面,本发明提供了5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物在生产治疗运动障碍的药物中的应用。
在以上本发明方面和优选方面中,特别优选使用A组5-HT3受体拮抗剂,更优选B组5-HT3受体拮抗剂,最优选恩丹西酮。
应该理解,除非另外明确说明,相关的治疗包括对症治疗和预防治疗。
为了方便,按照常规方法,可用一种或多种可药用载体或赋形剂来配制5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。因此,例如,5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物可以配制成口服、舌下、颊、非经胃肠道、直肠或鼻内给药的形式,或者是适用于吸入或吹入(通过嘴或鼻子)给药的形式,或者适用于局部给药的形式。
对口服给药而言,药物组合物可采用例如通过常规方法,用可药用赋形剂如粘合剂(例如,预凝胶化的玉米淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或羟丙基甲基纤维素);填充剂(例如,乳糖、微晶纤维素或磷酸钙);润滑剂(例如,硬脂酸镁、滑石粉或二氧化硅);崩解剂(例如,马铃薯淀粉或淀粉乙醇酸钠);或湿润剂(例如,十二烷基硫酸钠)制备的片剂或胶囊剂。可通过本领域公知的方法包衣片剂。用于口服给药的液体制剂可采用例如溶液剂、糖浆剂或悬浮液,或者,它们可以以干粉的形式存在,在使用前,用水或其它适宜的载体配制。这种液体制剂可通过常规方法,用可药用添加剂如悬浮剂(例如,山梨糖醇糖浆、甲基纤维素或氢化食用脂肪);乳化剂(例如,卵磷脂或阿拉伯胶);非水性载体(例如,杏仁油、油性酯或乙醇);和防腐剂(例如,对羟苯甲酸甲酯或丙酯或山梨酸)来制备。
对颊部给药而言,组合物可采用通过常规方法配制的片剂或锭剂形式。
可将5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物配制成通过注射,通常是通过静脉内、肌肉内或皮下注射,例如通过药团注射或连续静脉内输注的非肠道给药形式。注射用制剂可以为单位剂量形式如在安瓿中或在多剂量容器中,任选地加入防腐剂。
对非肠道给药而言,组合物可采用在油性或水性载体中的悬浮液、溶液或乳剂的形式,并且可以包含调配剂(formulatory agent)如悬浮剂、稳定剂和/或分散剂。或者,组合物可以是干燥的形式如干粉、结晶或冻干的固体,在使用前,用适宜的载体,例如灭菌无热源水或等渗盐水配制。例如,可以将它们存放在灭菌安瓿或小瓶中。
也可以将5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物配制成直肠给药的组合物如栓剂或滞留灌肠剂。
用常规方法可以配制用于舌下给药的片剂。
对鼻内给药、或者吸入或吹入给药而言,可用常规方法配制5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
对局部给药而言,药物组合物可以是液体,例如溶液剂、悬浮液或以霜剂或凝胶体形式存在的乳剂。
除了上述制剂外,也可以将5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物配制成储存制剂。这种长效制剂可以通过植入法(例如,皮下、透皮或肌肉内)或通过肌肉内注射来给药。因此,例如,可以将组合物与适宜的聚合物或疏水性物质(例如在适宜的油中形成的乳剂)或离子交换树脂一起配制,或者组合物可以以微溶衍生物,例如微溶盐的形式存在。
例如,按照UK专利号GB 2153821B,欧洲专利申请公开号276559或国际专利申请公开号WO94/27599,WO96/15785或WO/15786中的方法来制备恩丹西酮或其可药用衍生物的药物制剂。
应该理解,以游离碱形式表示的5-HT3受体拮抗剂的精确剂量依赖于病人的年龄和疾病以及所治疗运动障碍的性质,并且最终由主治医师决定。
然而,通常,治疗运动障碍特别是震颤的有效剂量为0.001-500mg,如0.01-100mg,优选0.05-50mg,例如0.5-25mg/单位剂量,该剂量以单次或分次,例如每天1-4次的形式给予。
在一个优选实例中,恩丹西酮治疗震颤的有效剂量为0.05-100mg,例如0.1-50mg,优选0.5-25mg,例如:2、4、8或16mg恩丹西酮/单位剂量,该剂量可单次或分多次,例如每天1-4次给予。
通过下列临床数据证实了恩丹西酮来治疗运动障碍的用途。
在20名患有由MS、小脑变性或药物中毒引起的震颤的病人中,通过静脉内给予恩丹西酮进行空白-对照、双盲、交叉研究。
大多数人患有由MS引起的小脑震颤;三人患有家族性小脑变性疾病并且一人患有获得性锂中毒。病人的临床资料和先前的治疗列于表1中。
随机地给病人静脉注射恩丹西酮(8mg或空白,空白为生理盐水)。通过静脉药团注射给予药物。在一段间隔后,交换给药。
主要结果的测定是在用手协调工作方面的改变,该工作是通过划螺旋线、写字或划直线和完成9-洞钉试验的时间评定的。只有12个病人具有足够的协调性来完成9-洞钉试验。
在基线和输注后1小时测定临床结果。
图1(a)、(b)和(c)代表表1中最先提到的病人尝试绘制的螺旋线。图1(a)代表在用恩丹西酮治疗前的尝试;图1(b)代表接受空白后的尝试;并且图1(c)代表接受恩丹西酮后的尝试。
结果
病人情况和临床结果显示于表1中。
表1
疾病 | 震颤类型和临床研究结果 | 治疗前 | 空白反应 | 被研究药物的反应 | 螺旋画线空白 | 螺旋画线药物 | 9洞钉空白(secs) | 9洞钉药物(secs) |
Cd1 | 紧张,体位性的 | 氯硝安定 | 无 | ++ | 0 | +++ | 101 | 85 |
Cd | 紧张 | 无 | +++ | 0 | ++ | 62 | 45 | |
Cd2 | 紧张 | 氯硝安定 | NT | +(讷吃) | NT | NT | NT | NT |
锂 | 紧张/讷吃 | 氯硝安定Valproste | 无 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | 55 |
MS | 紧张 | 氯硝安定 | 无 | +++ | 0 | +++ | 84 | 70 |
MS | 紧张 | 氯硝安定 | 无 | +++ | 0 | +++ | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | ++ | 0 | + | 37 | 29 |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | + | 0 | + | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | ++ | 0 | ++ | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | ++ | 0 | + | 140 | 110 |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | ++ | 0 | +++ | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | 0 | + | + | 78 | 63 |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | + | 0 | ++ | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 157 | 155 |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | 0 | 0 | + | 65 | 55 |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 65 | 48 |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | 无 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张/讷吃 | 无 | 无 | 0 | 0 | + | 160 | 180 |
MS | 紧张/讷吃 | 无 | 无 | + | 0 | ++ | NT | NT |
MS | 紧张 | 无 | NT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | 57 |
比率 | 0/18 | 12/20 | 1/19 | 13/19 | ||||
平均数 | 87±12 | 79±13 |
注:
按照损伤大小的顺序(on a singe ordinal scale)测定改善程度:
0=没有改善,+=略有改善,++=中度改善,+++=改善很大,
1.在图1(a)、1(b)和1(c)中显示该病人所绘制的螺旋线;
2.该病人肌张力障碍的发展使得他继续该研究的热情消失;
cd=小脑变性。
由三盲观察组中的成员来确定20个病人中13人的有利的临床反应;同样的观察员确定在空白治疗病人中的反应。整个研究组的差异是明显的(p=0.009;Fisher精密比),并且在MS小组的16个病人中,13个人具有反应(p=0.001)。
在接受恩丹西酮的病人中,限时工作、9洞钉试验的完成情况得到改善。完成该工作的平均时间如下:用恩丹西酮治疗的病人为79±13(标准差)秒,用空白治疗的病人为87±12秒,(p=0.04;Mann Whitney;对配对数据进行单侧试验)。注意到,小脑变性太严重以致于无法完成这些工作的另一病人(Cd2,表1),在用恩丹西酮治疗后,语言功能得到改善。
在治疗后,20个病人中有12例的识别能力得到校正并且这是以功效为依据的。没有一个人认为空白是更好的(p=0.014;Fisher精密比)。
病人的恢复情况倾向于选择激发最严重的病人。大多数病人需要在帮助下才能走动。研究结束后发现,病人的残疾程度较小,其反应最好。在患MS的病人中可见,越是新近发生运动失调的病人,其反应越好。
恩丹西酮的耐受性很好并且其作用可以长期维持。撤掉药物后,震颤恢复到研究前的水平。在使用恩丹西酮前,没有什么好的方法来治疗这些病人的震颤。静脉内给予恩丹西酮的作用可通过口服恩丹西酮(8-16mg)得到。
Claims (10)
1. 5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物在生产用于治疗运动障碍的药物中的应用。
2.权利要求1的应用,其中,运动障碍为震颤。
3.权利要求2的应用,其中,震颤为良性原发性(家族性)震颤。
4.权利要求2的应用,其中,震颤为意向性震颤。
5.权利要求1-4中任一应用,其中,5-HT3受体拮抗剂为恩丹西酮或其可药用衍生物。
6.权利要求5的应用,其中,恩丹西酮为其盐酸盐或其盐酸盐二水合物的形式。
7.权利要求5的应用,其中,恩丹西酮为其游离碱的形式。
8.权利要求1-4中任一应用,其中,5-HT3受体拮抗剂选自康泉,tropisetron,azasetron,dolasetron,alosetron或(R)扎考必利。
9.治疗哺乳动物包括人运动障碍的方法,它包括给予有效量的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
10.用于治疗运动障碍的5-HT3受体拮抗剂或其可药用衍生物。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB9519029.4 | 1995-09-18 | ||
GB9519021.1 | 1995-09-18 | ||
GBGB9519029.4A GB9519029D0 (en) | 1995-09-18 | 1995-09-18 | Medicaments |
GBGB9519021.1A GB9519021D0 (en) | 1995-09-18 | 1995-09-18 | Medicaments |
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CN1201390A true CN1201390A (zh) | 1998-12-09 |
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CN96198141A Pending CN1201390A (zh) | 1995-09-18 | 1996-09-16 | 用于治疗运动障碍的5-ht3受体拮抗剂 |
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EP (1) | EP0851756B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3411292B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR19990045728A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1201390A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE230988T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU6921196A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9610526A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2231887A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ82698A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69625819T2 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA199800204A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2191106T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP9900606A2 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL123536A0 (zh) |
IS (1) | IS4686A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO981188L (zh) |
PL (1) | PL325560A1 (zh) |
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AU2003237657A1 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-12 | Epidauros Biotechnologie Ag | Means and methods for improved treatment using "setrones" |
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GB8808433D0 (en) * | 1988-04-11 | 1988-05-11 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | Therapeutic agents |
US5140034A (en) * | 1989-03-14 | 1992-08-18 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd. | Five-membered ring systems with bonded imidazolyl ring substituents |
DE69026759D1 (de) * | 1989-07-03 | 1996-06-05 | Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical | Benzazin-Verbindungen und deren pharmazeutische Verwendungen |
FR2674853B1 (fr) * | 1991-04-03 | 1995-01-20 | Synthelabo | Derives de piperidinylguanidine, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique. |
FR2693194B1 (fr) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-09-23 | Synthelabo | Dérivés d'alcanecarboxamide, leur préparation et leur application thérapeutique. |
FR2696177B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-28 | 1995-05-12 | Synthelabo | Dérivés de pipéridine, leur préparation et leur application en thérapeutique. |
FR2710915B1 (fr) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-11-24 | Synthelabo | Dérivés de pipéridine, leur préparation et leur utilisation en thérapeutique. |
FR2731708B1 (fr) * | 1995-03-13 | 1997-04-30 | Synthelabo | Derives de piperidine, leur procede de preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
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1996
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- 1996-09-16 DE DE69625819T patent/DE69625819T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-16 AT AT96929991T patent/ATE230988T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-16 BR BR9610526A patent/BR9610526A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-16 JP JP51226097A patent/JP3411292B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-16 CA CA002231887A patent/CA2231887A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-16 KR KR1019980701969A patent/KR19990045728A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1996-09-16 IL IL12353696A patent/IL123536A0/xx unknown
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- 1996-09-16 HU HU9900606A patent/HUP9900606A2/hu unknown
- 1996-09-16 CN CN96198141A patent/CN1201390A/zh active Pending
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ES2191106T3 (es) | 2003-09-01 |
CZ82698A3 (cs) | 1998-08-12 |
JPH10511986A (ja) | 1998-11-17 |
IS4686A (is) | 1998-03-09 |
TR199800488T1 (xx) | 1998-05-21 |
EA199800204A1 (ru) | 1998-10-29 |
BR9610526A (pt) | 1999-07-06 |
NO981188D0 (no) | 1998-03-17 |
DE69625819T2 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
EP0851756B1 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
AU6921196A (en) | 1997-04-09 |
WO1997010823A1 (en) | 1997-03-27 |
PL325560A1 (en) | 1998-08-03 |
EP0851756A1 (en) | 1998-07-08 |
HUP9900606A2 (hu) | 2000-03-28 |
IL123536A0 (en) | 1998-10-30 |
KR19990045728A (ko) | 1999-06-25 |
JP3411292B2 (ja) | 2003-05-26 |
NO981188L (no) | 1998-05-13 |
CA2231887A1 (en) | 1997-03-27 |
ATE230988T1 (de) | 2003-02-15 |
DE69625819D1 (de) | 2003-02-20 |
MX9802001A (es) | 1998-10-31 |
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