CN1200052A - 过滤袋和连接器夹头 - Google Patents

过滤袋和连接器夹头 Download PDF

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CN1200052A
CN1200052A CN96197744A CN96197744A CN1200052A CN 1200052 A CN1200052 A CN 1200052A CN 96197744 A CN96197744 A CN 96197744A CN 96197744 A CN96197744 A CN 96197744A CN 1200052 A CN1200052 A CN 1200052A
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fluid
connector
filter course
calibration equipment
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韦斯利·H·维克阿特
詹姆斯·R·埃尔斯沃思
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Harvest Technologies Corp
Harvest Technologies Inc
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Abstract

过滤袋(200)和连接夹头用来收集生理流体。过滤袋(200)包括一个内部过滤层(206)和两个周边密封(218,220)。内层密封(218)粘结着过滤袋的外层(202,204)和过滤层,而外层密封(220)仅仅粘结着两个外层(202,204),作为安全密封。过滤袋有一个校验元件,它和检验连接器一起配合工作,以保证在流体泵工作以前,过滤袋和流体供应管线已经正确连接完毕。

Description

过滤袋和连接器夹头
发明领域
本发明涉及流体收集系统，更具体地说，涉及到一个用于收集流体的过滤袋和一个将过滤袋连接到供给泵上的连接器。
背景技术
众所周知，流体经常被收集在象橡皮袋那样的容器中。例如，在手术中，血液和其它生理流体通过泵收集在橡皮袋中。经过处理后，流体再重新分配给患者。流体中一般有必须清除的杂质，过滤器用来清除这些杂质。以前包含过滤器的袋子没有效，而且通常价格昂贵。另外，由于袋子可随意使用，流线是可拆结构，因此，在泵的操作开始以前，提供一个有效的工具来保证流线的正确连接是非常必要的。
本发明简介
根据发明，一个新颖的袋子包含一个内部过滤器和一个用于将袋子连接到流体源的连接器，后者保证在泵操作之前，袋子被正确地连接好。
用来接收从病人身上回收的生理流体的袋子包含一个过滤层，这个过滤层可以去除大于一定尺寸的颗粒。在优选实施例中，过滤层是40目。这个袋子由两层弹性塑料组成，中间是过滤层。流体入口置于过滤层和一个外层之间，流体出口置于过滤层和另一个外层之间。弹性塑料层和过滤层之间通过在边缘加热，微波或者超声波焊接而粘结到一起。
边缘部分在两个位置粘结。首先，除了固定流体入口和出口的位置，过滤层和外层沿着袋子在袋子外层的内边上完全粘结。其次，两个外层、流体入口和出口导管之间进行粘结，中间不包括过滤层。通过这种结构，所有这三层的粘结使得过滤层把袋子分为两个部分，外层的粘结可以保证在内部粘结损坏的情况下，流体不外泄。
根据本发明的另一个方面，流体供应管线通过一个检验连接器连接到一条或多条管线上(如上所述的连到袋子上的优选进口管线)。检验连接器包含一个控制器，这个控制器用来检验管线被正确连接，并且控制联锁装置，以确保管线在没有接好前泵不能启动工作。这些校验元件可以很容易地连到一个基本单元上，并且和那个基本单元上的校验元件共同合作来检验该流体供应管线正确地接到了流出管线上。如果没有这种校验，泵的操作应被禁止。校验连接器优先地选用洛厄(Luer)连接器来连接流体供应管线和流入管线。其它形式的连接器当然也可以用。
在优选实施例中，校验元件是光学元件。发光二极管，优选红外线的；和一个光探测器，也优选红外线的，它们根据校验元件被安装在基本单元的适当位置，这样一来，从发光二极管发出的光线可以透过透明的、导光的校验元件的某一部分。流入管线的校验元件将会把光线以某个角度折射到在基本单元上的光探测器上。反射面可用来调整入射和折射光到基本单元上想要的位置处。只有当输出管线被正确连接时，从光探测器上发出的信号用来控制允许流体供给泵工作的循环系统。
附图简介
图1是本发明过滤袋的正视局部剖视图。
图2是沿图1中2-2线的剖视图。
图3是图1中3-3线的剖视图。
图4是图2中4-4线的剖视图。
图5是图4中5-5线的剖视图。
图6是一个带有安装头的阳性洛厄连接器的透视图。
图7是本发明带有校验部件的基本单元透视图。
图8A和8B是基本单元的正视图，示出了安装头和基本单元之间的连接关系。
图9A和9B示出了校验元件的操作过程。
图10是一个透视图，示出了流线和基本单元的正确连接。
优选实施例详述
如图1所示，过滤袋200由外层202和外层204构成。外层应优先选用柔性材料，可以是大家所知的塑胶材料。内层206是过滤层，优选40目的塑胶材料，并且应和外层易于粘结。过滤袋上有一个开孔208，可以用来把袋子悬挂到不同地方，例如I.V.立架。
过滤袋包括一个进口管线210和一个出口212。进口管线210上有一个洛厄连接器214，用来把管子连接到生理流体源上，如图6所示的供应管线。这个连接器不但应优先设计为能和其它标准规格洛厄连接器连接，而且还应包括一套校验系统来保证管子和流体供应源的连接。校验元件可以采用不同形式，电和机械的都行，在优选实施例中，校验元件是一个圆柱形的光元件216。这个圆柱体是透光的，例如可以透过由发光二极管发出的红外线。当洛厄连接器正确地连到流体供应源上时，光圆柱体产生折射，因此投射到光探测器上，电子控制回路感应到射到光探测器上的光，于是允许流体供应泵开始工作。这样就保证了管线和流体供应源的连接，并且可以避免无意中泄露生理流体。
过滤袋的优选结构在图2中有更清楚的说明。这三层，两个外层202、204和过滤层206，在内层粘结处218被粘结。粘结手段可以采用加热、射频(RF)、超声波或其它一些方法，这种粘结把三个层粘到了一起，并且形成了室220和222，中间由过滤层隔开。除此之外，在过滤袋的边缘还有外层粘结220。外层粘结仅仅在两个外层之间，不包含过滤层。如果内层粘结破裂，外层粘层220可以保证两个外层不分离，避免过滤袋中流体的泄露。在许多情况下，这是非常重要的。比如说压力灌输为了提高流体流动速率，过滤袋中的压力高达300mmHg。
图4和图5示出了外层202、204、过滤层206与进口管线210、出口212之间的连接关系。大家知道，进口和出口可以通过许多方式连接。例如，我们可以通过外层202和204内的侧壁连接器进行连接。
在操作中，生理流体，比如说来自于手术台上的血，经由泵(未示出)供给进口管线210。流体先经进口管线210进入到室222中。当流体透过过滤层进入到室222中时，过滤层滤去了不想要的颗粒。当过滤袋继续充满时，一些流体将在室222内停留，同时停留的流体将通过过滤层进入室220中。当我们想用袋子中的流体时，一条合适的流出管线(未示出)，比如说I.V线，接到流出口212，使流体流出袋子。出口212优先选用脉冲出口，它有一个可移动的盖子226，并且以已知的方式接受脉冲。
脉冲出口上有一个凸缘228，当过滤袋充满流体时，可用来支撑过滤袋。当过滤袋中的流体流出时，过滤袋挂在开孔处208，同时进口管线210被滑动卡子、金属卷、洛厄帽或类似元件关闭。这样一来，袋子充液时和排液时方向相反，而且由于平均使用过滤层，提高了过滤效率。充液时，流入流体连续通过过滤层的一端。排液时，流出流体连续通过过滤层相反的一端。
如图6所示，在管子304上接了一个阳性洛厄连接器。根据本发明，安装头306通过焊接或胶粘连到洛厄连接器上。如图7～10所示，安装头主要用来把阳性洛厄连接器固定在基本单元上。基本单元308连接到流体泵入装置上。基本单元包含一个面板310，用来固定安装头306和洛厄连接器。面板上有一个开孔312，安装头可以插入。在开孔312下方，有一个非常窄的凹槽314。面板前部和后墙之间有一个槽316。在竖直方向上，槽316从开孔312底部开始一直延伸到靠近面板底面的地方。如图所示，安装头为方形，其它形状亦可。
图8A和8B显示了安装头的安装过程。如图8A所示，带有阳性洛厄连接器的安装头首先插入开孔312。接着，如图8B所示，安装头下滑，安装头边缘嵌入槽316中，使得安装头和洛厄连接器固定在面板310中。安装头位置优先采用重力控制，当然也可以利用摩擦或其它机理。
以下这种结构主要是为了校验洛厄连接器的正确安装。基本单元308上有一个电磁能源318，比如说从发光二极管释放的红外线光能。基本单元上还有一个窗口320，透过窗口被折射的能量撞击在探测器332上。图示探测器位于窗口下方，但它也可以安装在基本单元308上。而且，可以利用反射体把光线射向位于其它地方的探测器。
从图9A可以看出，阴性洛厄连接器和阳性洛厄连接器已经连接好，连接器306固定在面板310中。在这种情况下，光线324通过阴性洛厄上的光学元件发生折射。折射的光线透过窗口320射向探测器322。探测器322给控制回路一个信号，允许泵开始操作。
如图9B所示，阴性洛厄连接器没有接好。在这种情况下，不会发生光线折射，也没有光线通过窗口322。相应地，探测器测不到光线，控制回路就不允许泵操作。
图10显示了阴、阳洛厄连接器在基本元件上接好后的情况。基本单元底部有一个开孔，从流体源，比如来自泵的管线304可以从开孔中插入。在连接管线210之前，管线304和安装头可从基本单元前部安装。或者先把两条管线接好，然后再安装到基本单元上。安装头有一个优点：当把安装头在基本单元内固定好后，仅用一只手就可以很轻松地把连接器214连到连接器302上。
虽然在图中只示出了一条管线210，但我们可采用多条管线。这样一来，供应管线304可以接到一个Y形连接器上(未示出)，然后再把Y形连接器连到泵上。
如上所述，每条流入管线210上都有一个阴性洛厄连接器214，连接器经改装后带有一个校验元件。在优选实施例中，校验元件就是光学元件216，它和安装在基本元件上的光源、探测器一起校验连接器214是否正确连接。
可以看出，所述校验系统不是真正安全的。这是因为在校验连接之前，光探测器需要预先接收一个信号。如果洛厄连接器没有连上，基本单元上光源发出的光就不会折射到光探测器上，也就不会产生校验。对于熟悉该技术的人显然可以在权利要求范围内对本发明作一些修改。

Claims (15)

1.一个用于盛装流体的容器，包含：第一和第二两个外层，两个外层之间形成一个空腔，在上述外层中间有一个过滤层，把上述空腔分为第一室和第二室，两个室之间通过上述过滤层进行物质交换，流体进口装置把流体引入第一个室，流体出口装置把流体引出第二个室，上面所述的外层和过滤层先在周边进行第一次粘结，上述外层之间再进行第二次粘结。
2.如权利要求1所述的流体容器，其特征在于，第一次粘结沿径向位于上述第二层粘结内部。
3.如权利要求1所述的流体容器，其特征在于，上述流体入口装置在上述第一个外层和过滤层之间安装，流体出口装置在上述第二层和过滤层之间安装。
4.如权利要求1所述的流体容器，其特征在于，上述过滤层是40目。
5.如权利要求1所述的流体容器，其特征在于，上述流体流入和流出装置之一包含有第一个连接器元件和校验装置，用来校验所说第一个连接器元件是否正确连接在第二个连接器元件上。
6.如权利要求5所述的容器，其特征在于，校验装置含有一个光学元件。
7.如权利要求6所述的容器，其特征在于，光学元件中有一个透明圆柱体。
8.在组合体中，校验装置用来校验所说第一个连接器元件是否连在第二个连接器元件上，校验装置中含有一个光学元件。
9.如权利要求8所述组合体，连接器元件是洛厄连接器，上述光学元件中有一个透明圆柱体。
10.根据权利要求9组合体和上述情况，上述连接器元件是上述容器进口或出口管线的一部分。
11.如权利要求10所述的组合体，流体容器包含第一和第二两个外层，外层之间形成空腔，在上述外层中间有一个过滤层把空腔分为第一和第二两个室，两个室之间通过上述过滤层进行物质交换，流体进口装置把流体引入第一个室，流体出口装置把流体引出第二个室，上述外层和过滤层先在周边进行第一次粘结，上述外层之间再进行第二次粘结。
12.用于连接两个流线的装置，采用可拆连接，在基本单元上有一个安装元件，和第一条流体管线相连的第一个连接器采用可拆结构，连接在和第二条流体管线相连的第二个连接器上，校验装置连接到所说第二个连接器上。
13.如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，上述装置连接到基本单元上时，上述校验装置和在基本单元内的校验装置共同合作进行校验。
14.如权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，上述校验装置应包含至少一条光线通道，当上述第二个连接器和第一个连接器接好时，光线透过光线通道指向第二个连接器。
15.如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，当上述装置安装在上述基本单元上时，上述至少一条光线通道包含有和基本单元上光源位置平齐的一条射入通道，而另一条和光探测器位置平齐的射出通道。
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