CN1199090A - 洗涤剂配方 - Google Patents
洗涤剂配方 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1199090A CN1199090A CN98109843.6A CN98109843A CN1199090A CN 1199090 A CN1199090 A CN 1199090A CN 98109843 A CN98109843 A CN 98109843A CN 1199090 A CN1199090 A CN 1199090A
- Authority
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- polymkeric substance
- water
- acrylamide
- detergent formulation
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GASMGDMKGYYAHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenehexanamide Chemical group CCCCC(=C)C(N)=O GASMGDMKGYYAHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzoyl cyanide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC1=CC=C(C(=O)C#N)C=C1Cl JHUFGBSGINLPOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Busulfan Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OCCCCOS(C)(=O)=O COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003328 benzoyl peroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- NKKMVIVFRUYPLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-enenitrile Chemical group CC=CC#N NKKMVIVFRUYPLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 55
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 10
- 101710194948 Protein phosphatase PhpP Proteins 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012644 addition polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical group [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 241001052209 Cylinder Species 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004262 Ethyl gallate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002257 Plurafac® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069428 antacid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003159 antacid agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDJOAYSYCXTQGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O KDJOAYSYCXTQGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010020132 microbial serine proteinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001935 peptisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015598 salt intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008939 whole milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3784—(Co)polymerised monomers containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3749—Polyolefins; Halogenated polyolefins; Natural or synthetic rubber; Polyarylolefins or halogenated polyarylolefins
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种洗涤剂配方,它包含具有至少一个膦酸盐基团的至少一种水溶性聚合物或其盐。还提供了机器洗餐具洗涤剂和洗衣洗涤剂,它们包括本发明的洗涤剂配方。
Description
本发明涉及洗涤剂配方。
已知在硬水中,镁和钙离子在例如玻璃器皿、陶瓷盘、细瓷土和塑料的表面和其它硬表面上形成难看的沉积物;当这类物品在洗餐具机中洗涤时,以上的问题尤其明显。类似的沉积问题还发生在洗衣中,这使得织物接触起来变得坚硬和粗糙和使带色的织物出现褪色。由于在1960’s中叶前,三聚磷酸钠(STPP)作为“助洗剂”被大量用于大多数的洗涤配方中;它是一种能螯合在洗涤溶液中的正阳离子例如镁和钙并抑制它们作为盐(碳酸盐、硅酸盐等)沉积在被洗涤的物品上的一种试剂。
然而,现已知磷酸盐例如STPP形式的磷酸盐在湖泊和江河中存在能起海藻生长的营养剂作用,这导致水质变坏。这些相关的环境问题使得人们自愿减少磷酸盐的用量,在某些情况下,法律上禁止在洗涤剂配方中使用STPP。因此已开发了无磷酸盐的替代品。一般,这些无磷酸盐的体系是基于苏打粉、柠檬酸盐、硅酸盐、过硼酸盐、酶或氯源的混合物。遗憾的是当去掉或减少磷酸盐用量时,洗涤过程最终结果发生的变化多于从简单地减少洗涤剂基质的螯合能力所能预料的那些变化。这源于STPP在该领域的多用途能力,即乳化油颗粒、稳定污垢悬浮物、对污垢团块的胶溶作用、中和酸性的污垢等;所有这些对于得到优良的最终洗涤结果都是关键的。在试图解决该问题中,将均聚物和共聚物例如羧酸聚合物加入现今使用的大多数商业洗涤剂配方中。在现有技术中已有文献记载,参见例如US4,711740,US4,820,441,US5,552,078,US5,152,910,US4,046,707和US5,160,630。然而,由于这些聚合物是非生物降解性的,它们必须以低浓度使用,这常常赋予在用机器洗涤的玻璃器皿和陶器上比需要低的防成膜性、和防止在洗涤中的织物上形成外层和污垢再沉积。
本发明解决了该问题,提供了另外的洗涤剂配方,当作为机器洗餐具洗涤剂使用时,其具有好的抗成膜性质;当用于洗衣时,它具有好的防止形成外层和抗沉积性能。
据此,本发明提供了洗涤剂配方,它包含具有至少一个膦酸盐基的至少一种水溶性聚合物或其盐。本发明还提供了包含至少一种水溶性聚合物的洗涤剂配方,该水溶性聚合物包括:其中X是H、Na、K或A;A是一种聚合物、共聚物或其水溶性盐,包括一种或多种以下聚合形式的单体:下式的羧酸:其中R1是H、OH、C1-C9烷基或烷氧基,或乙酸基或乙酸盐;
R2是H、C1-C3烷基或烷氧基、COOR3;
R3是H、Na、K或C1-C10烷基;丙烯酸羟丙酯、异丁烯酸丙酯、2-丙烯酰氨-2-丙磺酸、苯乙烯磺酸钠、烯丙基磺酸钠、甲磺酸钠、乙烯基磺酸和它们的盐;丙烯酰胺、异丁烯酰胺、叔丁基丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯腈、苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、烯丙氧基-2-羟丙基磺酸盐和二烷基丙烯酰胺。
还提供了机器洗餐具洗涤剂和洗衣洗涤剂,它包括本发明的洗涤剂配方。
含有带膦酸盐官能团的聚合物的本发明洗涤剂配方在机器洗餐具的成膜性质、在织物洗涤中防止形成外层和抗沉积性能方面当与没有膦酸盐官能团的相应聚合物相比,表现出意外的改进。本发明的洗涤剂配方可以是粉状、液体、颗粒、丸粒或片形,也可以含有至多90%(重量)碳酸钠。
本发明使用的水溶性聚合物优选具有重均分子量低于20,000。重均分子量在1000至20,000是有利的,优选1000至10,000,最优选1000至5,000。
本发明配方中使用的聚合物可包括单乙烯不饱和的(C3-C7)单羧酸,例如丙烯酸和异丁烯酸;和单乙烯不饱和的(C4-C8)二羧酸,例如马来酸和衣康酸。
本发明洗涤剂配方中含有的聚合的助洗剂量一般是该洗涤剂配方的0.1%至6%(重量)。其中的一些或所有的聚合助洗剂可以是含膦酸盐的聚合物。习惯上,本发明洗涤剂配方可另外包含为该洗涤剂配方至多90%(重量)的水溶性助洗剂,例如碱性的碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐、硅酸盐和沸石。
可使用制备含膦酸盐聚合物的任何方法来制备本发明使用的聚合物;参见例如US4,046,707,US5,376,731,US5,077,361和US5,294,686。
本发明还提供了以下聚合物用作洗涤剂配方中的一些或所有助洗剂,所说的聚合物包括:其中X是H、Na、K或A;A是一种聚合物、共聚物或其水溶性盐,包含一种或多种以下聚合形式的单体:下式的羧酸:其中R1是H、OH、C1-C9烷基或烷氧基,或乙酸基或乙酸盐;
R2是H、C1-C3烷基或烷氧基、COOR3;
R3是H、Na、K或C1-C10烷基;丙烯酸羟丙酯、异丁烯酸丙酯、2-丙烯酰氨-2-丙磺酸、苯乙烯磺酸钠、烯丙基磺酸钠、甲磺酸钠、乙烯基磺酸和它们的盐;丙烯酰胺、异丁烯酰胺、叔丁基丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯腈、苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、烯丙氧基-2-羟丙基磺酸盐和二烷基丙烯酰胺,
由以下实施例进一步说明本发明。
将含有膦酸盐基团的聚合物在洗餐具应用中的抗成膜性和在洗衣应用中的防止形成外层和抗污垢沉积性能方面与用于现今商业使用的一般无磷酸盐的机器用基本配方中的无膦酸盐基团的类似聚合物相比较。加入基本配方中的聚合物的含量至多最终洗涤剂配方(DF)的6%(重量),如表I所示。
表I
表II列出了实验的聚合物。
DF1 | DF2 | DF3 | DF4 | DF5 | |
碳酸钠 | 20% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 80% |
焦硅酸钠 | 10% | 10% | 7% | 0% | 0% |
柠檬酸钠二水合物 | 30% | 30% | 10% | 0% | 0% |
硫酸钠 | - | 9% | 2% | 50% | 10% |
过硼酸钠 | 8% | 8% | 7.5% | 0% | 0% |
漂白活化剂TAED | 2% | 2% | 2.5% | 0% | 0% |
阴离子表面活性剂 | 0% | 0% | 0% | 6.7% | 6.7% |
非离子表面活性剂(Plurafac非离子(LF-403)(来自BASF) | 1% | 1% | 3% | 3.3% | 3.3% |
酶(Savinase 6.0T)(来自Novo Nordisk) | 1% | 1% | 2% | 0% | 0% |
聚合物(干重量) | 2%或4% | 2%或4% | 6% | 1.5% | 1.5% |
碳酸氢钠 | 26%或24% | 17%或15% | 20% | 0% | 0% |
表II
实施例1.洗餐具洗涤剂的应用
聚合物 | 结构 | Mw |
1 | AA(对比) | 4500 |
2 | AA(对比) | 10000 |
3 | AA(对比) | 2000 |
4 | AA(对比) | 2000 |
5 | AA(对比) | 2000 |
6 | AA/MAL90/10(对比) | 3300 |
7 | AA/MAL90/10(对比) | 2300 |
8 | 90AA/10EA(对比) | 2000 |
9 | AA-磷酸盐(实验) | 3700 |
10 | AA-磷酸盐(实验) | 1700 |
11 | AA/MAL90/10-膦酸盐(实验) | 2100 |
12 | AA/MAL90/10-膦酸盐(实验) | 3200 |
13 | AA/MAL95/5-膦酸盐(对比) | 1810 |
14 | AA/MAL90/10-膦酸盐(实验) | 1810 |
15 | AA/MAL85/15-膦酸盐(实验) | 2040 |
16 | AA/MAL80/20-膦酸盐(实验) | 1810 |
17 | AA/MAL75/25-膦酸盐(对比) | 1950 |
18 | AA/MAL70/30-膦酸盐(对比) | 2000 |
19 | AA/MAL50/50-膦酸盐(对比 | 2070 |
20 | AA/MAL95/5-膦酸盐(实验) | 2000 |
21 | AA/AM90/10-膦酸盐(实验) | 2000 |
22 | AA-膦酸盐(实验) | 3100 |
聚合物1-8是对比的商业可购得的聚合物聚合物9-12,12,14,16和20-22是本发明实验例聚合物13,17,18和19是对比实例Mw=重均分子量AA:丙烯酸MAL:马来酸AM:丙烯酰胺EA:丙烯酸乙酯 |
在洗餐具机中使用常规步骤进行该实验;使用以下条件:(a)洗餐具机:FAURELVA112水硬度 :600ppm碳酸钙(Ca/Mg=3∶1)污垢 :每次循环使用50g人造黄油+50g全脂牛奶正常程序(65℃)餐具 :6个玻璃杯、2个不锈钢碟、3个盘子循环 :4至8次检定:在4和8次洗涤循环后,评价结果,给出0至4分数来表示成膜的等级;0表示干净的玻璃,4表示完全暗浊的玻璃;或(b)洗餐具机:Whirlpool model G590水硬度 :300ppm碳酸钙(Ca/Mg=3.5∶1)无食品污垢正常程序(50℃)餐具 :4个玻璃杯(瓷盘、不锈钢盘碟、其它的瓷器作为压载物)循环 :5次检定: 0.00=无膜 2.00=中度0.50=几乎没有感觉 3.00=适度1.00=略微 4.00=严重结果列在表III中。
表III
DF1实验条件(a) | DF2实验条件(a) | DF3实验条件(b) | |||
聚合物 | 4循环 | 8循环 | 4循环 | 8循环 | 5循环 |
无 | 2 | 4 | 1.5 | 3 | 4.0 |
1(对比)4%用量 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.5 | - |
2(对比)4%用量 | 0.25 | 1.75 | 0 | 0.75 | - |
8(对比)4%用量 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.75 | - |
9(实验)4%用量 | 0 | 0 | 0.25 | 0.25 | - |
6(对比)6%用量 | - | - | - | - | 1.0/1.1 |
11(实验)6%用量 | - | - | - | - | 0.3/0.4 |
12(实验)6%用量 | - | - | - | - | 0.9/1.0 |
1(对比)2%用量 | 2 | 3.5 | 1 | 3 | - |
2(对比)2%用量 | 2.25 | 4 | 2 | 4 | - |
8(对比)2%用量 | 3.25 | 4 | 3 | 4 | - |
9(实验)2%用量 | 0 | 1.5 | 0.25 | 4 | - |
所选自的洗涤剂配方是一般现今商业使用的。从表III可得知,没有加聚合物的对照配方表现出高的沉淀和成膜。洗涤剂配方1和2仿造一般在欧洲地区所碰到的严格硬度条件,它们仅含2%含膦酸盐基团的实验聚合物,与对照配方相比或与对比聚合物的性能相比,结果表明显著地降低了成膜。表III中的结果还说明在较高的聚合物含量下和在变化的应用条件下,这种增强的性能仍维持。实施例2.洗衣洗涤剂的应用
所有的洗涤实验是在35℃(95°F)下,使用0.15%(重量)浓度的适当洗涤剂配方进行。形成外层的实验:
将5g黑色的针织棉织物在1升实验溶液中洗涤和漂洗五次(5),使用搅动式去污力测定仪搅拌该溶液和织物样片。水的硬度是300ppm(为CaCO3,Ca∶Mg比值是2∶1)。洗涤时间是12分钟,漂洗时间是3分钟。在该实验中,为了说明形成外层的效果,重要的是在加入洗涤剂之前,将该织物加入洗涤水浴中。洗涤过的样片在评价之前在空气中干燥过夜。用肉眼评价织物样片,颜色的变化记录在使用L*a*b*色度等级的Hunter LabColorquest45/000分光光度计上,计算白度指数(ASTM方法E-313)。从每个样片上切割下2克(2g)碎片,在800℃下经6小时被灰化,记录在织物上构成的无机沉积物。污垢再沉积实验(基于ASTM方法D-4008)
该洗涤条件类似于形成外层实验中使用的洗涤条件,只是样片仅经过三次(3)洗涤/漂洗循环,水的硬度是200ppm(为CaCO3,Ca∶Mg比值是2∶1)。将两块(2)干净的棉织物样片和两块(2)干净的65/35PE/棉聚合物混合体样片加入水浴中,然后加入洗涤剂和2.5ml黄色粘土/油分散物(0.848g干燥的粘土污垢和0.026g油性的污垢)。
洗涤剂的性能按白度指数的保留百分数(%)来衡量:
在这些洗衣应用中,除了在表VI中所示的聚合物浓度数据之外,所有聚合物的用量都是每100g洗涤剂用1.5g聚合物固体。洗涤剂配方4中实验聚合物10与商业上可购得的聚合物3,4和5比较,形成外层的结果
表IV表明使用聚合物10的含有中等含量苏打粉的洗涤剂配方4几乎完全排除了织物形成外层。这种减少形成外层的结果可随意地从表面纤维褪色(WI)和少的残留无机灰分含量得知。对比聚合物3,4和5代表在许多国家广泛使用的用于配制粉状洗衣洗涤剂的典型的丙烯酸均聚物。
表IV-使用洗涤剂配方4的织物形成外层的结果
聚合物 WI 灰分(%) | ||
3(对比) | 6.3 | 5.2 |
4(对比) | 6.0 | 4.7 |
5(对比) | 6.1 | 4.2 |
10(实验) | 3.2 | 0.6 |
无聚合物 | 8.3 | 6.1 |
空白织物 | 3.3 | 0.2 |
WI=白度指数;较低值较好 |
在表V中所示的使用高含量苏打粉的洗涤剂配方5的形成外层的结果说明了使用聚合物10与常规的聚合物或没有加聚合物的洗涤剂相比,在颜色变化和残留灰分的量方面有类似的减少。有趣地是,十分意外地注意到包含80-90%(重量)丙烯酸/20-10%(重量)马来酸的膦酸化的化合物基本上好于具有不同AA/MAL重量比例的膦酸化的丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物。
表V-使用洗涤剂配方5的织物形成外层的结果
实验聚合物11与商业可购得的聚合物6比较,形成外层的结果
聚合物 WI 灰分(%) | ||
3(对比) | 5.2 | 4.8 |
4(对比) | 4.0 | 3.2 |
5(对比) | 4.1 | 2.8 |
10(实验) | 3.0 | 0.6 |
13(对比) | 6.2 | 2.2 |
14(实验) | 4.2 | 0.8 |
15(实验) | 4.2 | 0.8 |
16(实验) | 4.0 | 0.7 |
17(对比) | 4.9 | 1.7 |
18(对比) | 5.7 | 3.4 |
19(对比) | 6.8 | 6.0 |
无聚合物 | 8.7 | 5.1 |
空白织物 | 3.3 | 0.2 |
WI=白度指数;较低值较好 |
实验聚合物11和对比聚合物6之间的比较说明了当使用膦酸盐封端的实验共聚物时,织物形成外层明显降低。表VI说明了实验聚合物11甚至在不正常的低使用浓度下也能提供意外的防褪色。表VI还说明了在实验聚合物下,使用1%或更高含量的引起过营养化的磷酸盐添加剂例如三聚磷酸钠(STPP)不能提供超出聚合物本身所提供的附加的形成外层保护。
表VI-含丙烯酸和马来酸共聚物的高含量苏打粉的洗涤剂配方5的织物形成外层情况
实验聚合物10-12,20,21和22与商业可购得的聚合物6和7比较,形成外层的结果
白度指数 | 灰分 | |||||
STPP(%) | 聚合物固体(%) | 聚合物6(对比) | 聚合物11(实验) | 聚合物6(对比) | 聚合物11(实验) | 在洗涤浴中的P(ppm) |
- | 0.75 | 6.6 | 3.3 | 6.2 | 1.2 | 0.42 |
- | 1 | 6.5 | 3.3 | 6.0 | 0.6 | 0.56 |
- | 1.5 | 6.1 | 3.3 | 5.8 | 0.7 | 0.84 |
1 | 0 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 4.93 | ||
1.3 | 0.75 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 5.35 |
1.3 | 1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 5.49 |
1.3 | 1.5 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 5.77 |
白度指数:较低值较好P=在洗涤浴中的磷(P),ppm |
还使用高含量苏打粉的洗涤剂配方5来说明组成、方法和分子量对织物形成外层控制的影响。
在表VII中会注意到在用常规的方法,对比聚合物6和7下,织物表面的褪色和灰分量随分子量降低而增加。现有技术预见到了分子量对织物形成外层控制的这种影响。未预见到的是实验聚合物10,11,12和22表明在用膦酸盐封端的方法情况下,当降低分子量时,表面颜色保护得到改善,灰分量明显降低。表VII还说明了在使用可比的方法和分子量范围下,共聚用单体对织物形成外层的影响。
表VII-用洗涤剂配方5和各种共聚物的织物形成外层的情况
WI | 灰分(%) | |
无聚合物(对照) | 8.3 | 5.5 |
7(对比) | 6.5 | 6.0 |
6(对比) | 5.4 | 5.0 |
STPP(无聚合物) | 3.5 | 0.6 |
12(实验) | 4.5 | 3.3 |
11(实验) | 3.4 | 0.8 |
22(实验) | 4.4 | 2.9 |
10(实验) | 3.6 | 2.2 |
21(实验) | 3.8 | 2.1 |
20(实验) | 3.7 | 2.4 |
空白织物 | 3.3 | 0.2 |
使用上述的污垢再沉积实验,在表VIII中说明了以上所示的聚合物分散剂性质。
表VIII-用洗涤剂配方5和各种共聚物的污垢再沉积性质
%保留 | ||
混合体 | 棉 | |
无聚合物(对照) | 70 | 45 |
7(对比) | 96 | 85 |
6(对比) | 90 | 85 |
STPP | 94 | 89 |
12(实验) | 96 | 84 |
11(实验) | 98 | 94 |
22(实验) | 91 | 87 |
10(实验) | 91 | 90 |
21(实验) | 92 | 86 |
20(实验) | 91 | 88 |
空白织物 | 100 | 100 |
%WI保留=白度指数的保留百分数;高值较好 |
还可得知组成、方法和分子量都影响该聚合物保持污垢悬浮在洗涤浴中的能力和抑制污垢再沉积到被洗涤的织物上的能力。另外,与商业可购得的聚合物相反,较低分子量的实验聚合物10和11与较高分子量的实验聚合物12和22以及对比聚合物6和7相比,证实了有优良的保护织物避免污垢沉积的能力。
Claims (9)
2.根据权利要求1的洗涤剂配方,其中羧酸包括一种或多种(C3-C7)单羧酸,优选丙烯酸和异丁烯酸;(C4-C8)二羧酸,优选马来酸和衣康酸。
3.根据权利要求1的洗涤剂配方,包含至少一种水溶性聚合物,该聚合物包括:其中X是H、Na、K或A;A是90-80%(重量)丙烯酸和10-20%(重量)马来酸的共聚物。
4.根据任一权利要求1,2或3的洗涤剂配方,其中聚合物的重均分子量低于20,000。
5.根据权利要求4的洗涤剂配方,其中聚合物的重均分子量为1000-5000。
6.含有至少一个膦酸盐基团的至少一种水溶性聚合物或其盐在机器洗餐具洗涤剂配方中作为一些或所有助洗剂的用途。
7.含有至少一个膦酸盐基团的至少一种水溶性聚合物或其盐在洗衣洗涤剂配方中作为一些或所有助洗剂的用途。
9.根据权利要求8的用途,其中洗涤剂配方是液体、粉末、颗粒、丸粒或片状。
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- 1998-05-01 EP EP98303437A patent/EP0877076B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-01 DE DE69819593T patent/DE69819593T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-06 CA CA002236979A patent/CA2236979A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-05-08 BR BR9801607A patent/BR9801607A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-05-08 CN CN98109843.6A patent/CN1208445C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1999
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Cited By (5)
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CN102134530A (zh) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-27 | 罗门哈斯公司 | 块状洗衣清洁剂组合物 |
CN102146319A (zh) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-08-10 | 拜尔斯道夫股份有限公司 | 稳定的洗涤组合物 |
CN102146319B (zh) * | 2010-02-10 | 2016-04-13 | 拜尔斯道夫股份有限公司 | 稳定的洗涤组合物 |
CN102971344A (zh) * | 2010-07-01 | 2013-03-13 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 单羧酸和二羧酸的共聚物、其制备及用途 |
CN112204123A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-01-08 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 具有分散剂共聚物的自动餐具洗涤配制物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1208445C (zh) | 2005-06-29 |
EP0877076A2 (en) | 1998-11-11 |
DE69819593D1 (de) | 2003-12-18 |
US6489287B1 (en) | 2002-12-03 |
MX9803654A (en) | 1999-02-01 |
EP0877076B1 (en) | 2003-11-12 |
DE69819593T2 (de) | 2004-09-16 |
EP0877076A3 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
BR9801607A (pt) | 1999-05-18 |
CA2236979A1 (en) | 1998-11-09 |
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