CN1196366A - 含有萜烯的油包水乳状液 - Google Patents

含有萜烯的油包水乳状液 Download PDF

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CN1196366A
CN1196366A CN98105382A CN98105382A CN1196366A CN 1196366 A CN1196366 A CN 1196366A CN 98105382 A CN98105382 A CN 98105382A CN 98105382 A CN98105382 A CN 98105382A CN 1196366 A CN1196366 A CN 1196366A
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depainting
ingredients
water
terpenes
organic phase
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J·迪斯塔索
A·G·德古斯曼
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Arkema Inc
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Elf Atochem North America Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
    • C09D9/005—Chemical paint or ink removers containing organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/08—Cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/26—Cellulose ethers
    • C08L1/28—Alkyl ethers
    • C08L1/284—Alkyl ethers with hydroxylated hydrocarbon radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L91/06—Waxes

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

通过在油包水乳状液的有机相中加入有效量的萜烯,提高延迟水从该含苄醇的油包水乳状液中蒸发的能力。

Description

含有萜烯的油包水乳状液
本发明涉及对延迟水之类溶剂从含苄醇油包水乳状液的构成的脱漆配剂中蒸发的方法的改进。这种改进是由于在油相中加入有效量的萜烯(如d-苎烯)而引起的。
本发明所涉及的苄醇基油包水乳状液例如记载在美国专利5,542,986(下文中简称为’986专利)和待审查的美国专利申请08/706,850和08/707,261(下文中简称为’850申请和’261申请)中。这些专利的整个内容参考结合于本发明中。特别优选的是’850申请和’261申请中含蜡的油包水乳状液。
对含有具有水相和苄醇连续相(油相)的油包水乳状液的脱漆配剂(paintstripper formulation)进行改进。这种改进包括在苄醇相中加入有效量的d-苎烯之类的萜烯，以延迟挥发性物质从水相中蒸发。优选的实施方案包括在乳状液水相加入氨水的碱性脱漆剂以及在乳状液苄醇相中加入甲酸苄酯的酸性脱漆剂。其它优选的实施方案包括加入茴香醚和/或吡咯(在含氨水脱漆剂中)，以提高脱漆速度。
现已发现，在油包水乳状液的苄醇有机相中加入一种或多种萜烯可以延迟水和其它溶剂从逆乳状液(inverse emulsion)中蒸发，从而可以将这种脱漆剂的使用寿命延长24小时或更多。所述萜烯的实例包括d-苎烯(优选)、二聚戊烯(也称为1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己烯)、月桂烯、α-蒎烯、里哪醇以及它们的混合物。
’850申请和’261申请中的含蜡油包水乳状液在脱漆剂中是特别优选的，因为该乳状液还能减少气味，而且蜡(天然或合成的)通过进一步延迟水和其它挥发性物质之类成分的蒸发而提高脱漆效率。加入蜡时，其用量一般稍大于(1％重量)它在有机相中的饱和量。优选的蜡是石蜡(paraffin wax)(该术语包括它的各个组分)。类似地，也可使用链烷烃(paraffin)或矿物油、植物蜡、微晶蜡、地蜡和褐煤蜡。
萜烯的用量一般约为0.5-24.0％重量，以乳状液的总重量为基准(较好为4-8％)，这取决于需被脱漆的基材、脱漆配剂中溶剂的用量(和蜡的用量，如果含有蜡的话)等。当加入较多量萜烯时，可能发生蜡的加溶，而加入较小量萜烯时，可能失去溶解能力。
为了提高脱漆速度，也可加入茴香醚和/或吡咯，其用量一般约为2-20％重量，较好为8-16％重量。当它们被加入到含氨脱漆剂中时，一种优化体系一般是含有约5-9％萜烯、约8-16％茴香醚和约0.3-8％吡咯的脱漆剂。
优选的脱漆剂的乳状液中蜡的加入量一般约0.02-5.0％重量，以乳状液的总重量为基准，较好为0.1-1.0％重量。可以使用任何种类的市售石蜡或地蜡(或它们的成分)。大多数石蜡的熔点约为47-65℃。
参照’850和’261申请和’986专利，使用这种乳状液的脱漆配剂可通过将如下组分混合在一起而制得，即水、苄醇(如有必要，以及甲酸，一部分甲酸与一部分苄醇在当场形成一些甲酸苄酯和额外的水；另外，这种水、苄醇、甲醇和甲酸苄酯的平衡混合物可用该混合物作为起始材料而形成；或者，如果需要摩尔过量的苄醇或甲醇，以对应当量的甲酸苄酯、水和可任选的苄醇或甲酸形成)、萜烯、蜡(如有)、最高达2％重量的增稠剂(如羟丙基纤维素或甲基纤维素)、最高达15％重量有助于润湿增稠剂和溶解蜡的烃类溶剂(芳族或脂族溶剂，包括石油馏分)、最高达2％重量表面活性剂(如二甲苯磺酸钠或油酸羟乙基咪唑啉之类的咪唑啉)、最高达15％重量的氨(用于碱性组合物)或氢氧化钠(如存在甲酸)、最高达5％重量的防腐蚀剂(如2-巯基苯并三唑、苯并三唑或硅酸钠)以及少量的(通常不超过0.1-0.3克/加仑)染料(如有必要)。
含有优化量溶剂的本发明脱漆剂的实施例(1-7)(各组分量按重量份计)以及不含萜烯的对比例(编号C1)表示在下表中。
实施例编号     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     C1
苄醇     40.0     40.0     40.0     40.0     40.0     40.0     40.0     40.0
羟丙基纤维素*     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5
芳烃溶剂     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5     .5
石蜡     .3     .3     .3     .3     .3     .3     .3     .3
表面活性剂     .7     .7     .7     .7     .7     .7     .7     .7
防腐蚀剂     3.5     3.5     3.5     3.5     3.5     3.5     3.5     3.5
氨     5.0     5.0     5.0     5.0     5.0     5.0     5.0     5.0
水     41.5     25.5     33.5     29.5     33.5     29.0     25.5     49.5
d-苎烯     8.0     8.0     8.0     4.0     8.0     5.5     8.0     0
茴香醚     0     16.0     8.0     0     0     11.5     8.0     0
吡咯     0     0     0     16.0     8.0     3.5     8.0     0
*羟丙基纤维素增稠剂的用量在0.4-0.6间变化，以补偿由于不同溶剂量引起的粘度变化。
在标准性能试验中，用涂有聚氨酯面漆体系(环氧底漆上的聚氨酯面漆)或聚氨酯面漆/聚氨酯底漆体系(聚氨酯底漆上的聚氨酯面漆)的铝板进行这些配剂的对比脱漆试验。
脱漆试验按MIL-R-81294(用于评估脱漆剂从铝板上除去白色聚氨酯漆的效率的军用规范)进行。虽然没有对环氧面漆体系(环氧底漆上的环氧面漆)进行试验，但以前的经验表明聚氨酯面漆体系的结果类似于环氧面漆体系的结果。这些试验的结果记录在如下表I中，这些数据表明每种体系在24小时内漆被清除的板的百分数：
                          表I
实施例编号    已清除聚氨酯/聚氨酯漆  已清除聚氨酯/环氧漆的
                    的板的％                板的％
   C1*               0                       0
   1                  50                      40
   2                  98                      50
   3                  96                      40
   4*                85                      20
   5                  100                     25
   6                  100                     38
   7                  100                     38
*这些数据表示两批分别制备的配剂的试验平均值。
实施例表明仅加萜烯(d-苎烯)就有效地提高了对两种油漆体系的脱漆能力。从实施例2-7可知，加入茴香醚和/或吡咯可进一步提高脱漆能力，特别是对聚氨酯面漆/聚氨酯底漆体系。

Claims (25)

1.一种脱漆配剂，它含有具有水相和苄醇连续相的油包水乳状液，其特征在于在苄醇相中加入有效量的萜烯，以延迟水从水相中蒸发。
2.如权利要求1所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的苄醇相中还含有蜡。
3.如权利要求2所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
4.如权利要求2所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的水相含有氨。
5.如权利要求4所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
6.如权利要求4所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于在所述的苄醇相中还加入了茴香醚。
7.如权利要求6所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
8.如权利要求4所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于在所述的苄醇相中还加入了吡咯。
9.如权利要求8所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
10.如权利要求4所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于在所述的苄醇相中还加入了茴香醚和吡咯。
11.如权利要求10所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
12.如权利要求2所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的苄醇相含有甲酸苄酯。
13.如权利要求12所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
14.如权利要求12所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于在所述的苄醇相中还加入了茴香醚。
15.如权利要求14所述的脱漆配剂，其特征在于所述的萜烯是d-苎烯。
16.一种延迟水从油包水乳状液脱漆剂中蒸发的方法，其特征在于它包括在乳状液的有机相中加入有效量的萜烯。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于所述的有机相含有蜡。
18.一种延迟从碱性油包水乳状液脱漆剂中蒸发水的方法，其特征在于它包括在乳状液的有机相中加入有效量的萜烯。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于所述的有机相含有蜡。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于在乳状液的有机相中还加入了茴香醚。
21.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于在乳状液的有机相中还加入了吡咯。
22.如权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于在乳状液的有机相中还加入了茴香醚和吡咯。
23.一种延迟水从酸性油包水乳状液脱漆剂中蒸发的方法，其特征在于它包括在乳状液的有机相中加入有效量的萜烯。
24.如权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于所述的有机相含有蜡。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于在乳状液的有机相中还加入了茴香醚。
CN98105382A 1997-02-25 1998-02-25 含有萜烯的油包水乳状液 Pending CN1196366A (zh)

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US08/804651 1997-02-25
US08/804,651 US5821209A (en) 1997-02-25 1997-02-25 Water in oil emulsions containing a terpene, benzyl alcohol, and wax

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CA (1) CA2227936A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69810521D1 (zh)
MY (1) MY132842A (zh)
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JPH10338825A (ja) 1998-12-22
TW387927B (en) 2000-04-21
KR19980071620A (ko) 1998-10-26
EP0860482B1 (en) 2003-01-08
US5821209A (en) 1998-10-13
SG66437A1 (en) 1999-07-20
EP0860482A3 (en) 1998-10-21
MY132842A (en) 2007-10-31
DE69810521D1 (de) 2003-02-13
CA2227936A1 (en) 1998-08-25

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