CN1194664A - 烷基醚胺传输机用润滑剂 - Google Patents

烷基醚胺传输机用润滑剂 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1194664A
CN1194664A CN97190619A CN97190619A CN1194664A CN 1194664 A CN1194664 A CN 1194664A CN 97190619 A CN97190619 A CN 97190619A CN 97190619 A CN97190619 A CN 97190619A CN 1194664 A CN1194664 A CN 1194664A
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composition
alkyl
lubricant
mentioned
acid
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CN1068374C (zh
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K·L·普森海
M·E·比希
B·E·施密特
C·S·希克斯
T·A·古兹曼
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Ecolab Inc
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Ecolab Inc
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Abstract

本发明包括润滑剂浓缩物和应用溶液组合物,该组合物含有下式的胺化合物及其混合物:R1－O－R2－NH2,R1－O－R2－NH－R3－H2,其中R1是直链饱和或不饱和C6－C18烷基,R2是直链或支链C1－C8烷基。该浓缩物还含有酸化剂、任意的稳定水溶助长剂和表面活性剂。稀释浓缩物得到的润滑剂应用溶液中的胺化合物的浓度为约10ppm—10000ppm。本发明还公开了润滑传输机系统的方法,其包括使用润滑剂浓缩物组合物。

Description

烷基醚胺传输机用润滑剂
本发明涉及传输机用合成润滑剂组合物。更具体地讲，本发明涉及抗菌润滑剂组合物，该润滑剂组合物提供了在硬水中改善的溶解性和降低的与污物的反应性，所述的组合物包含烷基醚胺和二胺化合物。本发明的润滑剂适用于玻璃、铝和饮料容器以及其他制品。这些润滑剂是由直链烷基醚胺或二胺、表面活性剂和酸的混合物制备。
饮料和其它食料通常是在机械化的传输机系统上进行加工和包装的，这需要对这些传输机系统进行润滑以减少包装品和传输机承重表面之间的摩擦。以前，通常用于传输系统承重表面的润滑剂含有脂肪酸皂作为活性润滑成份。
此外，至少在装瓶操作中，极其希望润滑剂对润滑轨道装置是有效的，各种类型的容器在轨道上移动，例如罐子、玻璃和PET物品。脂肪酸润滑剂对这些容器是有效的。因此，在上述专利中公开的润滑剂在用于输送各种饮料容器中是“通用”的润滑剂。
以前，这些脂肪酸润滑剂已提供了极好的润滑性。然而，在通常存在于硬水中的钙和镁阳离子存在下，脂肪酸会形成不溶性沉淀物，这也是已知的。水软化剂和化学螯合剂如DETA必须与基于脂肪酸的软化剂一起使用，以防止形成这种沉淀物。若不用这种方法通常会导致形成沉淀物，这些沉淀物可堵塞用于将润滑剂喷在传输机上的喷嘴。
抗菌剂特别适用于传送食品物料的传输系统。在传输机上溅出的饮料和其它食料常常会导致细菌、酵母和霉菌生长，并可能产生烂泥状物和污物，这些物质又会损害传输机性能，同时也可能会损害产品纯度和外观。抗菌剂特别适用于降低传送食料的传输系统中这种烂泥状物的形成。
脂肪酸基润滑剂已配制有有效的抗菌剂，然而，由于脂肪酸基润滑剂会与水硬性离子发生反应，从而会牺牲润滑剂的总体性能。
美国专利4,839,067(Jansen)公开了一种保持链型传输带的方法，该方法用包含润滑量的中和C12-18脂肪伯胺的抗菌润滑剂组合物处理传送带。但是，如Jansen指出的那样，由于水中通常含有阴离子如SO4 -2、PO4 -3和CO3 -2等杂质，当存在所述的这些阴离子时，脂肪酸伯胺会发生形成沉淀，所形成的沉淀会堵塞喷嘴并使传输系统表面污染，特别是在存在水硬度时，脂肪酸皂更是如此。
美国专利5,182,035(Schmidt等人)公开了一种脂族醚二胺乙酸酯，它可与用于增加物理稳定性的醇水溶助长剂一起用于润滑剂组合物中。
美国专利5,062,978(Weber等人)也公开了一种基于脂族烷基醚胺的含水润滑剂组合物，该组合物可用于传送带操作中，特别是用于传输瓶子。
欧洲专利申请0,533,522 A1(Schapira)公开了包含支链饱或不饱和C6-C21烷基醚胺和二胺的润滑剂组合物。该润滑剂组合物可用于传输机操作，且该组合物还可包含一种表面活性剂以及醇溶剂。
即使脂肪酸伯胺可提供适合的润滑性和抗菌活性，然而，由于在通常存在于水中的那些阴离子存在下它们会形成沉淀物，从而使其应用受到限制。
因此，实际上仍然需要这样的传输机用抗菌润滑剂，该润滑剂可提供优异润滑性、对在用于传输系统之前用来稀释润滑剂配方的水中存在的阴离子和阳离子具有好的耐受性、以及在洒落的食物如啤酒存在下的非反应性。
一方面，本发明提供了一种润滑剂浓缩物组合物，该组合物含有有效润滑量的下式胺化合物及其混合物，
                 R1-O-R2-NH2
               R1-O-R2-NH-R3-NH2
其中R1可以是直链饱和或不饱和C6-C18烷基，R2可以是直链或支链的C1-C8烷基，R3可以是直链或支链的C1-C8烷基。该浓缩物通常还可以含有表面活性剂，表面活性剂的用量应足以使浓缩物在稀释和使用时具有去污作用，该浓缩物中还含有有效量的酸以溶解胺。浓缩物中还可以选择性地含有增加产物稳定性的水溶助长剂。
本发明还提供了一种用胺化合物稀释上述浓缩物而形成的润滑剂应用溶液，该胺化合物的浓度约为10ppm-10000ppm。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种润滑传输系统的方法，该方法包括使用本发明的润滑剂浓缩物组合物的应用溶液。
本发明的润滑剂中包含直链烷基醚胺。本发明的直链烷基醚胺润滑剂可促进在离子与饮料污物存在时含水体系的润滑性和溶解性，并使溶液保持在较宽的pH值范围内。本发明的润滑剂可保持稳定，基本上不会与体系中的游离阴离子及食料中的污物反应。此外，本发明的直链烷基醚胺无需使用醇型溶剂来保持浓缩物的物理稳定性。
本发明可通过降低食料与润滑剂的相互反应来减少对传输机的污染。本发明的组合物还提供了更大的润滑剂对水中离子的耐受性。
本发明还提供了在低稀释率下对于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、玻璃及金属表面优良的滑动作用。此外，本发明的润滑剂对非食料接触表面也具有抗菌效能，在5分钟内，细菌可降低99.9％。
本发明涉及润滑剂浓缩物组合物、应用溶液以及应用方法。该浓缩物可以是固体或液体。本发明的组合物包括直链烷基醚胺化合物，该化合物可以提供润滑作用，具有抗菌特性，还能降低各种沉淀物的形成，所述沉淀物是在应用环境中经常会出现的。本发明的组合物包括酸源、洗涤剂、以及选择性成份水溶稳定剂，及其它成份。本发明也包括使用所述组合物的方法。
              A.直链烷基醚胺化合物
本发明的润滑剂含有胺化合物。该胺化合物的功能是增强组合物的润滑性、抗菌性，减少或消除各种因水稀释产生的沉淀物和/或减少或消除应用表面上的污染物。
本发明的胺化合物可以含有任意种胺物质。该胺化合物优选为下式的胺化合物及其混合物，
              R1-O-R2-NH2          (1)
              R1-O-R2-NH-R3-NH2    (2)
其中R1可以是直链饱和或不饱和C6-C18烷基，R2可以是直链或支链的C1-C8烷基，R3可以是直链或支链的C1-C8烷基。
更优选R1是直链的C12-C16烷基，R2是C2-C6直链或支链烷基，R3是直链或支链的C2-C6烷基。
优选的本发明组合物含有式(2)的直链烷基醚二胺化合物，其中R1是C12-C16，R2是C3，和R3是C3。
当使用的胺化合物是式(1)和(2)的胺时，R1是直链C12-C16烷基或是C10-C12和C14-C16直链烷基的混合物。
总的来说，用于本发明组合物的直链烷基醚胺混合物在稀释时可以提供低的使用浓度并增强其润滑性。浓缩物中胺化合物的量通常为约0.1％(重量)至90％(重量)，优选为约0.25％(重量)至75％(重量)，更优选为约0.5％(重量)至50％(重量)。可以从Tomah Products Incorporated购买到商品名为PA-19、PA-1618、PA-1816、DA-18、DA-19、DA-1618、和DA-1816等的这些物质。
浓缩物的应用稀释液优选能在应用时产生消毒或清洁效果。因此，本发明组合物中的活性胺化合物的浓度为约10ppm-10000ppm，优选约20ppm-7500ppm，更优选约40ppm-5000ppm。
             B.中和剂
本发明的浓缩物和应用稀释组合物还优选含有酸源，该酸源在溶解胺化合物方面是有效的。通常，可以使用任何酸源，这些酸源在浓缩物和应用溶液中可提供约5和10之间的有效pH。
酸的例子包括有机和无机酸。可用于本发明组合物的无机酸包括盐酸、磷酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸、氢溴酸、氨基磺酸及其它酸。
可用于本发明的有机酸包括乙酸、抗坏血酸、异抗坏血酸、羟基乙酸、葡糖酸、乳酸、苯甲酸、C8-C20饱和及不饱和脂肪酸如油酸，以及它们的混合物。
优选的中和剂是有机酸，最优选的是乙酸、甲酸、葡糖酸及其混合物。
酸的浓度应足以并能有效地完全溶解和稳定本发明的各种组分以及浓缩物组合物和应用稀释组合物。应用溶液润滑剂的pH为约5-10，更优选为约5.5-9.5。
            C.表面活性剂
本发明的润滑剂组合物可以选择性地、但优选另外含有表面活性剂。表面活性剂的功能是增强消毒和润滑作用。可在本发明中用作表面活性剂的化合物包括，非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂以及其它化合物。
阴离子表面活性剂通常是含有疏水的烃基部分和带负电荷的亲水部分的化合物。一般购买到的产品中带有羧酸根、磺酸根、硫酸根或磷酸根基团作为带负电荷的亲水部分。总的来说，任何可购买到的阴离子表面活性剂均可用于本发明的润滑剂组合物。
非离子表面活性剂通常是基本不带电荷的疏水化合物，由于在分子中存在氧而表现出亲水倾向。非离子表面活性剂包括多种聚合物，其中包括(但不限于)，乙氧基化的烷基酚、乙氧基化的脂族醇、乙氧基化的胺、乙氧基化的醚胺、羧酸酯、羧酸酰胺、以及聚氧化乙烯氧化物嵌段共聚物。
特别适用于本发明润滑剂组合物的非离子表面活性剂是通式为R10O((CH2)mO)n的烷氧基化的(优选乙氧基化的)醇，其中R10是含有约8到约24个碳原子的脂族基团，m是1至约5的整数，n是1至约40的数，它表示分子上环氧乙烷基团的平均数量。
阳离子表面活性剂也可用于本发明并具有抗菌功能。代表性的例子包括季铵氯化物表面活性剂如正烷基(C12-18)二甲基苄基氯化铵、正烷基(C14-18)二甲基苄基氯化铵、正十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵一水合物、正烷基(C12-14)二甲基1-萘甲基氯化铵。
两性表面活性剂，即同时含有酸性和碱性亲水基团的表面活性剂也可以用于本发明。两性表面活性剂可以含有阴离子或阳离子表面活性剂中常用的阴离子或阳离子基团，此外还可含有羟基或其它可以改善表面活性剂特性的亲水基团。所述两性表面活性剂包括甜菜碱表面活性剂、磺基甜菜碱表面活性剂、两性咪唑啉衍生物及其它。
通常，在浓缩物中，表面活性剂的的浓度为约0.01％(重量)至50％(重量)，优选从0.1％(重量)至20％(重量)。更优选表面活性剂的浓度从约1至10％(重量)并且表面活性剂是非离子的醇乙氧基化物如Shell Chemical的Neodol 25-7。
              D.水溶助长剂
本发明的润滑剂组合物还可以选择性地含有有效量的水溶助长剂，以控制粘度并保持浓缩物的低温稳定性。在这方面，稳定性包括通过保持均匀混合物以保持浓缩物和应用稀释组合物的相稳定性。
多种可混溶的水溶助长剂可用于润滑剂组合物，包括单官能和多官能的醇以及乙二醇和乙二醇醚化合物。其中，最有用的化合物包括烷基醇如乙醇、异丙醇等。多官能有机醇包括甘油、己二醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、山梨醇等。
优选的水溶助长剂为双官能的醇类，如烷基醇。业已发现，己二醇是一种显著提高浓缩物和其应用溶液稳定性的化合物。
优选的是，浓缩物中水溶助长剂的浓度为约0.1-40％(重量)，更优选约1-25％(重量)。在一个优选的实施方案中，浓缩物中水溶助长剂的浓度为约3-10％(重量)，并且它可包含己二醇。
            实施例
下述工作实施例用于说明本发明的各种性质、特征及实施方案。但它们并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。
           实施例1：测定滑动作用
正如在表1中可看到的那样，将用于润滑性测定的样品用含有200ppmNaHCO3的蒸馏水稀释至含有0.1％(重量)的活性胺化合物，并沿着直径为20.5厘米的抛光不锈钢板的周边倒下，将钢板与电动机连接，打开电动机时其匀速转动。将重189克的玻璃盘或重228克的软钢盘与计力传感器相连，并放在钢板上被润滑剂溶液润湿的地方。当电动机开动时，盘在钢板上自由滑动。用计力传感器测定玻璃盘或软钢盘与不锈钢板之间的阻力，并传输到图表记录仪。
为了保证试验方法的一致性，在每次试验之前和之后测定标准脂肪酸润滑剂溶液的阻力，并将由此得到的值任意地指定为摩擦系数为1.00。每次试验都参考脂肪酸润滑剂试验，以相对摩擦系数(COF)记录这些结果。
用于对比的配方是包括下列组分的脂肪酸润滑剂：
原料     ％
软水水溶助长剂二甲苯磺酸钠乙二胺四乙酸四钠液体TEA，85％非离子表面活性剂脂肪酸     54.702.001.6010.2013.508.0010.00
总计                      100.00该组合物的COF为：
配方1                相对摩擦系数在不锈钢板上的玻璃盘在不锈钢板上的软钢盘
脂肪酸(对比)     1.00     1.00
1配方是在含有200ppm NaHCO3蒸馏水中以0.1％(重量)的浓度试验的。
各种胺化合物的润滑性依次示于下表1。
                   表1
                                 在含水溶液中胺的滑动作用
  溶液2 胺型 wt％ R基团          相对摩擦系数1
在不锈钢板上的玻璃盘 在不锈钢板上的软钢盘
    A3B3 十四烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷C12/C14烷氧基丙基胺  1010   直链直链     0.950.80     1.161.12
    C4D4E4 异癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷异癸氧基丙基胺异三癸氧基丙基丙烷  101010   支链支链支链     1.251.191.37     1.911.841.45
    FG N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷  1010   直链直链     0.991.07     1.161.17
1溶液以0.1％(重量)胺的浓度试验。2胺与乙酸和软水混合制成pH6的10％(重量)胺溶液。3本发明的胺代表物。4Schapira(欧洲专利0533522 A1)指出的支链烷基醚(二)胺。
                               表2
                                 胺基润滑剂的滑动作用
                           组合物       相对摩擦系数
  配方1     胺类型   ％   R基团 在不锈钢板上的玻璃盘 在不锈钢板上的软钢盘
    H2 四癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 6.0 直链     0.91              1.38
    I2 四癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 8.5 直链     0.92              1.17
    J2 四癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷C12/C15烷氧基丙基胺 6.01.5 直链直链     0.92              1.26
    K2 四癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷C12/C15烷氧基丙基胺 8.51.5 直链直链     0.97              1.13
    L3 异十三烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氧基丙烷异癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 6.02.5 支链支链     1.16              1.85
    M3 异十三烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氧基丙烷辛基/癸氧基丙基胺 6.01.5 支链支链     1.16              1.89
    N3 异十三烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氧基丙烷异十三烷氧基丙基胺 6.01.5 支链支链     1.17              1.84
    02 C12/C15烷氧基丙基胺 7.5 直链     0.76              1.16
    P3 异十三烷氧基丙基胺 7.5 支链     0.95              1.30
    Q3 异十二烷氧基丙基胺 7.5 支链     0.94              1.28
    R3 异癸氧基丙基胺 7.5 支链     0.96              1.28
    S N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷油基胺  6.02.51.5 直链直链直链     0.94              1.31
    T 异十三烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷油脂肪酸  6.01.5 支链直链     1.24              1.83
1用特定量的胺、10.0％水溶助长剂、6.8％乙酸、10.0％非离子表面活性剂、9.5％KOH(45％)和剩余的软水配制的润滑剂浓缩物。2本发明的配方代表物。3基于Schapira(EPA No.0533522 A1)所述的方法得到的润滑剂。
从上表可以看出，在食料和饮料加工装置所接触的面上，当与支链烷基醚二胺相比时，直链化合物提供了增强的润滑性。
                  实施例2
            浓缩物稳定性的试验方法
根据本发明制备润滑剂样品，对照物含有以各种量加入的醇或甘醇型溶剂作为稳定水溶助长剂。将样品加热至49℃并连续搅拌30分钟，然后观察测定配方的稳定性。
                   表3
  基本配方   水溶助长剂     ％ 浓缩物稳定性
    U1V2     ----     0.00.0     OK不溶固体
    U1V2     丙二醇丙二醇     2.52.5     OK不溶固体
    U1V2     丙二醇丙二醇     5.05.0     OK不溶固体
    U1V2     己二醇己二醇     2.52.5     OK不溶固体
    U1V2     己二醇己二醇     5.05.0     OK不溶固体
    U1V2     异丙醇异丙醇     2.52.5     OK不溶固体
    U1V2     异丙醇异丙醇     5.05.0     OKOK
1加入直链烷基醚二胺的润滑剂，配制如下：指定的水溶助长剂以及2.5％乙酸、10.0％C12/C14烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷、10.0％非离子表面活性剂和剩余的软水。2加入指定水溶助长剂的润滑剂，含有2.5％乙酸、6.6％N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷、3.4％N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷、10.0％非离子表面活性剂和剩余的软水。
从这些结果可以看出，对于浓缩物的稳定性，直链烷基醚(二)胺不需要水溶助长剂。
                 实施例3
      在各种pH下应用溶液透明度的试验方法
根据下表4的组合物配制本发明的润滑剂样品和对照物。用检测(challenge)水(如下)稀释剂配制1％的溶液，并用稀乙酸或KOH将溶液的pH调节至5-10。15分钟后测定浑浊性。
                检测水的制备
用于测定润滑剂溶液的浑浊性的方法公开在Weber的美国专利5062978中。在每个溶液中，将500ppm Na2SO4和500ppm NaCl加到软化水中，这种含阴离子的水用作润滑剂稀释剂。
                   表4
  在含阴离子的软水中在PH5-10下的溶液透明度
组合物2                                 在检测水中1％溶液透明度pH3
配方 胺类型 ％ 5 6 7 8 9 10
W4X 四癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 88 透明模糊/不透明 透明模糊/不透明 透明浑浊 透明浑浊 透明浑浊 浑浊浑浊
Z4AA C12/C14烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 844 透明透明 透明透明 透明透明 透明浑浊 透明浑浊 浑浊浑浊
CC4DD C12/C14烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷C12/C15烷氧基丙基胺N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷油基胺 62422 透明浑浊 透明透明 透明透明 透明浑浊 透明浑浊 浑浊浑浊
1通过将500ppm Na2SO4和500ppm NaCl加到软化水中制备检测水。2全配方组合物：8.0％总的胺、10.0％水溶助长剂、1.8％乙酸、10.0％非离子直链醇乙氧基化物表面活性剂、和70.2％软水。3用稀乙酸或KOH调节至pH为5，6，7，8，9或10的1％润滑剂溶液。4根据本发明用直链烷基醚(二)胺配制的组合物W，Z和CC。
上述结果表明直链烷基醚(二)胺对阴离子显示耐受性。
                 实施例4
            啤酒检测试验方法
对胺乙酸酯基润滑剂评价润滑剂透明度。润滑剂含有：
    组分     wt％
蒸馏水己二醇Tomah DA-18乙酸，冰的Deriphat 160C季铵表面活性剂KOH 45％     62.2510.0010.004.255.006.002.50
    100.00
TOMAH DA-18是十四烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷使用中和至pH为约7的润滑剂样品，将润滑剂与啤酒混合以测定溶液透明度。该溶液含有在50∶50啤酒水溶液中的0.25％(重量)润滑剂。结果显示：
                      开始-透明
                      1天-透明
                      7天-透明，无沉淀物
为了用啤酒长中可能遇到的饮料污物进一步测定润滑剂反应性，用蒸馏水将表5中的润滑剂组合物稀释至1％，得到的溶液与相同份数的市售储藏啤酒混合。5分钟和4小时后观察啤酒/润滑剂溶液的透明度。
                    表5
    在啤酒检测试验中润滑剂溶液的透明度4
组合物1 在啤酒存在下溶液的透明度
配方 胺类型 ％ 5 6
W3X 四癸氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 88 透明模糊/不透明 浑浊模糊/不透明
Z3AA C12/C14烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷 844 透明浑浊 透明浑浊
CC3DD C12/C14烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷C12/C15烷氧基丙基胺N-油基-1，3-二氨基丙烷N-椰子基-1，3-二氨基丙烷油基胺 62422 透明浑浊 透明浑浊
1全配方组合物：8.0％总的胺、10.0％水溶助长剂、1.8％乙酸、10.0％非离子表面活性剂、和70.2％软水。2市售储藏型啤酒。3根据本发明用直链烷基醚(二)胺配制的组合物W，Z和CC。4稀释后所有样品的pH为4-5。
使用了直链烷基醚(二)胺的配方W，Z和CC显示出与一般的饮料污物无反应性。相反，啤酒更容易与配方X和AA的润滑剂相互反应。
                 实施例5
               测定抗菌性
用合成硬水(无菌蒸馏水各含有40ppm MgCl2和CaCl2)制备含有浓度为0.25或0.50％(重量)的直链烷基醚胺配方的含水润滑剂溶液。将1毫升接种物(制备如下)与99毫升润滑剂溶液混合，然后回荡。暴露1分钟后取出1毫升润滑剂溶液/接种物混合物的样品，并加到9毫升作为中和剂的无菌Letheen肉汤中。样品的pH为6.5-7.0。用缓冲水连续地稀释中和的样品，并使用胰胨葡萄糖提取物(TGE)琼脂在复制品中培养，暴露5，15和60分钟后重复上述过程。在37°F下将平皿保温72小时。
通过将1毫升接种物加入到99毫升缓冲水中制备用于测定初始接种物的对照物，用另外的缓冲水连续稀释，然后用TGE培养。
               细菌接种物
将下面列出的细菌转移并保持于营养物琼脂斜面培养。24小时后进行试验用铂环量的每种生物培养10毫升营养肉汤，每个生物一个试管。在37℃下培养接种过的营养肉汤培养物，试验前将两种等体积的接种过的肉汤培养物快速混合，用作试验接种物。
                           生物体
              金黄色葡萄球菌    ATCC 6538
              产气肠杆菌        ATCC 13048
                        表6
           对直链烷基醚二胺润滑剂试验的杀死比率
          杀死比率
试验浓度   暴露时间   减少％
0.25％润滑剂1     1.0分5.0分15.0分60.0分   ＞99.999＞99.999＞99.999＞99.999
           杀死比率
试验浓度   暴露时间   减少％
0.50％润滑剂1     1.0分5.0分15.0分60.0分     ＞99.999＞99.999＞99.999＞99.999
1润滑剂含有9.0％C12/C14烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷、7.0％水溶助长剂、4.0％酸化剂、7.0％非离子表面活性剂和剩余的软水。pH＝6.5-7.0
在合成硬水中的0.25和0.5％(重量)烷基醚胺配方在暴露的1分钟内将试验生物种群减少了＞99.999％。这样就构成了极好的抗菌活性。
               实施例5
             PET混溶性试验
按照Johnson Controls提供的“工程公报(Engineering Bulletin)”(7/94)中的“方法A”进行聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(或PET)的混溶性试验。具体的说，将一个2升的PET瓶装入4.8-4.9体积的CO2，并干燥过夜，第二天将润滑剂浓缩物以0.25，0.75或1.5％(重量)量与蒸馏水混合，用电混合器将混合物搅起泡沬，将泡沫扩散到一个带衬里的容器中，并将瓶子的底部在泡沫中打旋，然后放在该容器中14天，该容器是在90％的湿度和37℃的环境室中。成功的试验结果是在14天内没有瓶子破裂或泄漏。
                       表7
                  PET混溶性试验
润滑剂1浓度          瓶子数量
  试验的   合格的
    0.25％0.75％1.50％     121212     121212
1润滑剂含有6.0％十四烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷、2.5％异丙氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷、10.0％己二醇、6.8％酸化剂、10.0％非离子表面活性剂、9.5％KOH(45％)、和剩余的软水。
上述说明、实施例和数据都完全说明了本发明组合物的制备和应用。因为在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以做出许多本发明的实施方案，因此本发明归结于后面附加的权利要求书中。

Claims (23)

1.润滑剂浓缩物组合物，含有：
a.有效润滑量的下式胺化合物及其混合物，
           R1-O-R2-NH2
         R1-O-R2-NH-R3-NH2
其中R1是直链饱和或不饱和C6-C18烷基，R2是直链或支链C1-C8烷基，R3是直链或支链的C1-C8烷基；
b.有效量的酸化剂以提供pH为约5-10；和
c.有效量的使组合物在稀释和使用时提供去污作用的表面活性剂。
2.一种润滑剂，含有主要量的稀释剂，约10ppm-10000ppm的胺化合物，所述胺化合物是下式化合物及其混合物，
                   R1-O-R2-NH2
                R1-O-R2-NH-R3-NH2
其中R1是直链饱和或不饱和C6-C18烷基，R2是直链或支链C1-C8烷基，R3是直链或支链的C1-C8烷基；有效量的可以在使用时提供去污作用的表面活性剂；有效量的酸以提供pH为约5-10。
3.权利要求1的组合物，其中所述胺化合物的浓度为约0.1％(重量)至90％(重量)。
4.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述胺化合物是单胺化合物，并且R1是直链C12-C16烷基，R2是C2-C6烷基。
5.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述胺化合物是单胺化合物，R1选自C10-C12烷基；C14-C16烷基，和其混合物，R2是C2-C6烷基。
6.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述胺化合物是二胺化合物，R1是C12-C16烷基，R2是C2-C6烷基，R3是C2-C6烷基。
7.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述胺化合物是二胺化合物，R1选自C10-C12烷基；C14-C16烷基，和其混合物，R2是C2-C6烷基，R3是C2-C6烷基。
8.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，还另外含有水溶助长剂。
9.权利要求7的组合物，其中所述水溶助长剂选自二元醇、醇、乙二醇醚、以及它们的混合物。
10.权利要求7或8的组合物，其中所述水溶助长剂包括己二醇，其浓度为约0.1％(重量)至40％(重量)。
11.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述表面活性剂选自非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂以及它们的混合物。
12.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述表面活性剂包括非离子表面活性剂，其浓度为约0.01％(重量)至50％(重量)。
13.权利要求11的组合物，其中所述非离子表面活性剂具有约1至40摩尔的乙氧基化度。
14.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述胺化合物包括十四烷氧基丙基-1，3-二氨基丙烷，所述组合物还含有己二醇水溶助长剂，每个所述的胺化合物和水溶助长剂的浓度为约8-12％(重量)。
15.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述组合物是固体。
16.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述组合物是液体。
17.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中所述酸化剂是有机酸。
18.权利要求17的组合物，其中所述有机酸选自乙酸、羟基乙酸、葡糖酸、乳酸、苯甲酸、甲酸以及它们的混合物。
19.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中酸化剂选自乙酸、甲酸、葡糖酸以及它们的混合物。
20.上述任一项权利要求的组合物，其中上述的浓缩物具有消毒抗菌作用。
21.使用上述任一项权利要求的组合物润滑传输机系统的方法，该方法使用一种润滑剂浓缩物组合物，所述组合物含有有效润滑量的下式胺化合物及其混合物，
               R1-O-R2-NH2
             R1-O-R2-NH-R3-NH2
其中R1是直链饱和或不饱和C6-C18烷基，R2是直链或支链C1-C8烷基，R3是直链或支链C1-C8烷基；有效量的使浓缩物在稀释和使用时产生去污作用的表面活性剂；适量的使浓缩物在稀释和使用时具有约5-10的pH的酸，所述方法包括如下步骤：
a.配制含有约0.1％(重量)至90％(重量)所述胺化合物的润滑剂浓缩物组合物；和
b.将所述润滑剂组合物的应用溶液涂抹于待应用的表面。
22.权利要求21的方法，其中所述润滑剂应用溶液对应用的表面提供了消毒程度的抗菌作用。
23.权利要求21的方法，其中所述润滑剂应用溶液可与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯混溶。
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CA2224968A1 (en) 1997-12-04
ATE203048T1 (de) 2001-07-15
AU703542B2 (en) 1999-03-25
AU2322297A (en) 1998-01-05
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JP3095250B2 (ja) 2000-10-03
EP0847437B1 (en) 2001-07-11
WO1997045508A1 (en) 1997-12-04
BR9702232A (pt) 1999-02-23
TW438883B (en) 2001-06-07
PL324796A1 (en) 1998-06-22
DE69705598D1 (de) 2001-08-16
ZA972483B (en) 1998-09-25
PL185146B1 (pl) 2003-02-28
JPH10511139A (ja) 1998-10-27
CA2224968C (en) 2002-04-02
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US5863874A (en) 1999-01-26

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