CN1188854A - Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit - Google Patents
Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1188854A CN1188854A CN97105635A CN97105635A CN1188854A CN 1188854 A CN1188854 A CN 1188854A CN 97105635 A CN97105635 A CN 97105635A CN 97105635 A CN97105635 A CN 97105635A CN 1188854 A CN1188854 A CN 1188854A
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- cylinder
- drum
- chip microcomputer
- long stroke
- electric machine
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Abstract
A long-stroke pumping unit is composed of electric motor, speed reducer, brake, drum, balance weight, frame, guide wheel, steel-wire rubber belt, buffer and control cabinet. Said electric motor, speed reducer and drum are sequentially connected via shaft couplings. Said drum is bidirectional winding one including two forward winding side drums and one backward winding central drum. The steel-wire rubber belt wound around the forward drums is connected via guide wheel to rope suspender. The steel-wire rubber belt wound around the backward drum is connected via guide wheel to double-wheel mechanism. The another end of drum has axial gear, near which there is shift sensor. Said electric motor, brake and shift sensor are controlled by control system whose core is single-chip computer. Its advantages are use of electric motor instead of mechinery to change direction, simple structure, less impact, long stroke and high balence effect.
Description
The invention belongs to mechanical oil recovery equip ment.
At present, the east oilfields of China has entered the middle and later periods of exploitation, and composite water cut is more and more high, and the oil field of some mining conditions differences or oil well also drop into exploitation in succession, make the oil recovery difficulty increasing.Various rodless pumping operation equipment have been brought into play certain effect in this respect, but because its system effectiveness is low, the rate of fault height, the cost height, its use is subjected to certain limitation, in the quite a long time from now on, have the bar oil production equipment will dominate, but the suction mode will develop to the direction of long stroke low jig frequency, and the huge structure of existing beam-pumping unit can not adapt to the requirement of development.Existing long stroke pumping unit mainly contains: gas balance chain drive pumping unit and follow-on pouring weight balanced oil extractor and broadband chain drive pumping unit.Though this chain commutation pumping unit shows many advantages, the mechanical commutation system is complicated, and the cost height still has certain impact during commutation.
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of novel electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit, be intended to simplify the mechanical structure of pumping unit, reduce cost, eliminate reversing impact, increase stroke.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: chief component has motor, retarder, break, cylinder, balancer weight, frame, deflecting roller, belt of wire rope, buffer and control cabinet etc.Motor is connected with coupling with retarder, connects with coupling between retarder and the cylinder.Cylinder is two-way winding cylinder, both sides are that forward twines, and the centre is oppositely to twine, and forward twines the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder connects rope hanger by deflecting roller two ends, oppositely twine the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder and connect with balancer weight by deflecting roller, deflecting roller is installed in the frame top; The other end of cylinder is equipped with the gear coaxial with cylinder, and there is displacement transducer on the gear next door, and the displacement signal of polished rod is taken from this gear.Motor, break, displacement transducer all electrically connect with control cabinet, and are subjected to control for the control core system with the single-chip microcomputer.Balancer weight is an iron case, and the uniform little iron block of weight is housed.The weight of balancer weight can be regulated easily, thereby improves counterbalance effect.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit proposed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is according to electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit drum segment schematic representation proposed by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams according to the control system of electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit proposed by the invention.
Among the figure, 1-polished rod, 2-rope hanger, the 3-frame, 4,4 ', 5,6, the 7-deflecting roller, 8,8 '-belt of wire rope, 10-balancer weight guideway frame, 11-balancer weight, 12-guide wheel, 13-buffer, 14-oppositely twine cylinder, 14 ', 14 " forward cylinder; 15-retarder, 16-motor, 17-break; 18-measuring gear, 19-displacement transducer, 20-control cabinet; 21-current transformer; 22-rectifying voltage regulator, 23-current signal rectification circuit, 24-single-chip microcomputers; 25-manual command dish, the 26-display device, 27-three phase rectifier electric bridge, KM
F, KM
RBe respectively forward and reverse A.C. contactor, R1, R2 are respectively the rotor loop high-power resistance, and T1, T2 are respectively the electronic power switch device.
Describe concrete structure of the present invention and working procedure in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The structure of this machine and transmission process: motor (16) axle connects with the high speed shaft of retarder (15), the lower velocity shaft of retarder (15) connects with cylinder (14), cylinder (14 ', 14 ") go up forward lay winding wire ropes adhesive tape (8,8 '); connect the two ends of rope hanger (2) through deflecting roller (4,4 ', 5); deflecting roller adopts the two-wheel separating mechanism; be that deflecting roller (4) and deflecting roller (5) have the parallel installation of two deflecting rollers respectively, and is separated by a distance between the two-wheeled, so that workover eration.Cylinder (14) is gone up reverse lay winding wire ropes adhesive tape (9), is connected with balancer weight (11) through deflecting roller (6,7), and balancer weight (11) moves up and down along guideway frame (10); The outer surface of frame (3) and guideway frame (10) all is surrounded by iron sheet.The wind load that adds can be prevented to balancer weight, cylinder and belt of wire rope can be protected for frame.Wheels above the frame etc. are frame dress protective housing also, in case Exposure to Sunlight and drenching with rain.The other end of cylinder (14) is equipped with the measuring gear coaxial with cylinder (18), and displacement transducer (19) is equipped with on gear (18) next door.Three phase mains is introduced into control cabinet (20), after A.C. contactor control, sends into motor and break (17).
The working procedure of this pumping unit is: when balancer weight (11) at peak, rope hanger (2) is when minimum point, the starting of motor (16) forward, starting rear motor (16) and balancer weight (11) drive polished rod (1) beginning upstroke, when balancer weight during near minimum point, single-chip microcomputer (24) control motor slows down and also stops.After coming to a complete stop, the back-to-back starting of single-chip microcomputer (24) control motor, polished rod (1) is descending, the beginning down stroke.Balancer weight is up under motor and oil well loading.When balancer weight during near peak, single-chip microcomputer (24) control motor slows down and also stops, and finishes a working procedure, carries out next working procedure afterwards again.
The composition of this pumping unit control system and function: control system is to be control core mechanism with single-chip microcomputer (24), and signal comes from current transformer (21) and displacement transducer (19).Single-chip microcomputer can select to have the higher microprocessor of the reliability of A/D conversion function (as 8096, MG68HC11 etc.).Displacement transducer select for use can detect the number of teeth near switch or optoelectronic device.The function of control system is: (1) single-chip microcomputer can be judged the stroke situation according to displacement signal, which is opened or closure to control forward and reverse A.C. contactor, single-chip microcomputer can be judged the load condition of stroke up and down according to current signal, when upper and lower stroke load surpasses certain scope, can send the indication of adjusting balancer weight by display device (26).(2) single-chip microcomputer can judge according to displacement signal whether each up stroke and down stroke put in place.If not in place, next working procedure can refill this gap.If offside, next working procedure can be slowed down in advance and be shut down.(3) single-chip microcomputer can judge according to displacement signal whether pumping unit work is normal, if break down (as the bar etc. that breaks), single-chip microcomputer can make the motor outage and make break (17) work, checks the high speed shaft of retarder.The optional electrohydraulic brake of break (17) (is YWZ-50 etc. as model).(4) manual command dish (25) is made up of several buttons, mainly finishes the start of being sent to single-chip microcomputer by the operator, shuts down, is provided with instruction such as commutation waiting time.Adjust the commutation waiting time, can reach the purpose of transferring jig frequency.(5) single-chip microcomputer can be controlled turning on and off of T1 and T2, opens to be equivalent to excise the external series resistors of rotor loop, turn-offs to be equivalent to rotor loop adding resistance.Because the rotor winding has inductance, electric current is a continually varying when adjusting outer meeting resistance, therefore, can adopt the method for pulsewidth modulation according to the needed time of starting process, excises R1 gradually earlier, excises R2 more gradually.It is milder that this method can make rotor current change, and can not bring bigger impact.In the process of slowing down and shutting down, adopt the method for pulsewidth modulation equally, turn-off earlier T2 gradually, add resistance R 2, turn-off T1 more gradually, add resistance R 1, send the relay switch in instruction unpack ac contactor coil loop after the deceleration again, shut down motor outage back.(6) single-chip microcomputer can be realized protections such as overcurrent, the phase failure, short circuit, can pass through display device (26) and show current of electric or failure cause, can also calculate, show power and power consumption.(7) according to the rotor winding parameter, suitably select the value of R1 and R2, the super streaming current that makes motor is 1.8 times of rated current, and is perhaps littler.The fluctuation of motor terminal voltage 3% of the definite value that do not exceed the quata is also very little to the influence of electrical network like this.(8) motor windings adopts the F class B insulation, allows temperature rise higher, though the frequent forward and reverse starting of motor, per minute is no more than 6 times, can not surpass thermal limit.
The workover eration method of this pumping unit: 1. balancing, the weight G of balance gets minimum polished rod load (P
Min) maximum polished rod load (P
Max) mean value, i.e. G=(P
Max+ P
Min)/2, this is the theoretical value of balancer weight, real balance weight is G ', and is just passable as long as the difference of actual weight and approx weight is no more than certain limit (such as 10%).This deviation can be compared with up stroke and down stroke current average according to the current average (total current mean value) of stroke up and down by single-chip microcomputer and be pushed away, when polished rod is up, if current average is greater than total current mean value, then in balancer weight iron case, add some iron blocks, when polished rod is descending, if current average greater than total current mean value, then takes out some iron blocks from the iron case of balancer weight.2. workover eration utilizes on the well repairing machine winch and carries polished rod, unloads balancer weight iron case, transfers polished rod then, and unreeve adhesive tape and with its both sides that hang over frame from the rope hanger unloads rope hanger from polished rod then.Adopted the mechanism of double steering wheel herein, the load that this mechanism not only makes every belt of wire rope bear reduces by half, and enough big space arranged between the two-wheeled, the hook of well repairing machine moves up and down in the time of can making workover eration, and frame or other parts that needn't mobile pumping unit greatly facilitate workover eration.
Characteristics of the present invention: 1. replace mechanical commutation with motor commutation, simplified widely frame for movement, reduced Cost, commutation has steadily reduced the impact of decelerator. 2. adjustment is convenient, can make counterbalance effect even more ideal, Power of motor can suitably reduce. 3. owing to can adjust the time of staying in when commutation, can be according to the suction operating mode, Adjust easily jig frequency. 4. because twin-steer has been designed in the oil pumper front, leave enough well workovers between the two-wheeled Working space, and needn't moving frame or other parts, greatly facilitate workover treatment. 5. suitably increase the frame height Degree can increase the length of stroke of oil pumper, and structural complexity and the complete machine weight of oil pumper be there is no big impact
Claims (4)
1. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit, form by motor, retarder, break, cylinder, balancer weight, frame, deflecting roller, belt of wire rope, buffer and control cabinet etc., it is characterized in that, motor, retarder and cylinder are connected with shaft coupling successively, cylinder is two-way winding cylinder, both sides are that forward twines cylinder, and the centre is oppositely to twine cylinder, and forward twines the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder connects rope hanger by deflecting roller two ends; Oppositely twining the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder connects with balancer weight by deflecting roller; The other end of cylinder is equipped with in-line gears, and the gear next door is equipped with displacement transducer; Motor, break, displacement transducer all electrically connect with control cabinet, and are subjected to be controlled by the control core system with the single-chip microcomputer.
2. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said control cabinet is to be the control core system with the single-chip microcomputer, by current transformer, A.C. contactor, single-chip microcomputer, displacement transducer, the electronic power switch device, formations such as rectification circuit, A.C. contactor is connected on the motor stator winding electric power incoming line, electric power incoming line passes current transformer, the output interface of single-chip microcomputer is communicated with the relay switch of two ac contactor coils, the rotor winding connects three-phase bridge rectifier circuit behind slip ring, meet two high-power starting resistance R1 of series connection and R2 after the rectification, two electronic power switch device T1 in parallel and T2 on the resistance, electronic power switch provides control signal by single-chip microcomputer.
3. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said balancer weight is an iron case, in adorn little iron block, guide wheel is equipped with in iron case both sides, moves on guideway frame.
4. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the deflecting roller of said well head top adopts the two-wheel separating mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97105635A CN1061739C (en) | 1997-01-20 | 1997-01-20 | Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97105635A CN1061739C (en) | 1997-01-20 | 1997-01-20 | Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1188854A true CN1188854A (en) | 1998-07-29 |
| CN1061739C CN1061739C (en) | 2001-02-07 |
Family
ID=5167952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97105635A Expired - Fee Related CN1061739C (en) | 1997-01-20 | 1997-01-20 | Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1061739C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106121591A (en) * | 2016-08-14 | 2016-11-16 | 山东创新石油技术有限公司 | Motor commutation without counterweight adjusts ginseng electricity-saving type vertical oil-pumping machine automatically |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719811A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1988-01-19 | Rota-Flex Corporation | Well pumping unit with counterweight |
| CN1015812B (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1992-03-11 | 机械电子工业部兰州石油机械研究所 | Dual-belt dual-cylinder and long-stroke oil-pumping machine |
| CN1032601C (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1996-08-21 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | Mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit |
| CN1110752A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1995-10-25 | 张远明 | Reciprocating lifting device |
-
1997
- 1997-01-20 CN CN97105635A patent/CN1061739C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106121591A (en) * | 2016-08-14 | 2016-11-16 | 山东创新石油技术有限公司 | Motor commutation without counterweight adjusts ginseng electricity-saving type vertical oil-pumping machine automatically |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1061739C (en) | 2001-02-07 |
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