CN1032601C

CN1032601C - Mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit

Info

Publication number: CN1032601C
Application number: CN 92111132
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石行
Original assignee: Xicheng Xinkai General Testing Factory Beijing City
Current assignee: Xicheng Xinkai General Testing Factory Beijing City
Priority date: 1992-10-06
Filing date: 1992-10-06
Publication date: 1996-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2007-10-06
Also published as: CN1085292A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mast type numerical control oil pumping machine. A machine frame is composed of a mast main post and a tower-shaped platform, wherein the mast main post is hinged and supported on a base through a pin shaft, and the tower-shaped platform is supported by the mast main post and a supporting frame behind the mast main post. A full-speed rare earth synchronous motor which can adjust the power feed of an inversion power supply and a hoister driven by the full-speed rare earth synchronous motor are placed on the platform, one end of a steel cable on a hoisting drum is connected with an oil pumping piston, and the other end of the steel cable is connected with a balance weight, a pressure and position sensor which measures the operating conditions of the piston, and a programmable controller. The present invention can realize optimizing control by randomly changing operating conditions, can obtain optimal oil extraction efficiency with high yield and low consumption, has the advantages of simple structure and high universality, and is a novel electromechanical integration oil extraction mechanical device.

Description

Mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit

The present invention relates to a kind of oil pumper of novel structure, mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit just belongs to the oil exploitation field of mechanical technique of electromechanical integration.

China's employed oil pumper that recovers the oil in the oil field, normally by comprising principal post, walking beam, rope, oil pumping tube and motor, reduction box, the mechanical driving device of formations such as Crank link type transmission mechanism cast iron balance weight is formed, complex structure, the operation operation is loaded down with trivial details, and noise is big, the energy consumption height, the drive disk assembly serious wear.Add that viscous crude and deep mining task are heavy day by day in China oil field, prior mechanical oil pumper disadvantage is more apparent sharp-pointed; Because use common motor to drive, its rotating speed, technology can not be adjusted in real time, the movement velocity of swabs can only be by the solid mechanical rule operation of transmission mechanism, and problem such as can occur finding time; For thick matter oil well, the viscosity of every mouthful of well alters a great deal, in the manufacturing process of same oil well, the oil viscosity also can change, so oil pumper moment variations in the course of the work is very big, and its rotation speed change is littler relatively, and this dynamic characteristics is difficult to find a kind of mechanical transmission structure to be complementary with it, comprises that means such as existing crank-link mechanism or cast iron balance weight all can not make the power of oil pumper reach balanced.So the mechanical oil pumper of existing various models is all very low for bad adaptability, productivity ratio and the capacity usage ratio of domestic these oil wells, although the actual power that consumes when the drive motors rated power that is equipped with is than oil pumping sometimes is much bigger, but when running into heavy crude producing, still can be short of power or the sense of effect not good enough " unable to do what one wishes ".For this reason, the applicant has developed " a kind of numerically controlled beam-pumping unit for thick petroleum " (patent No.: 91226006.8), but this device utilizes control inverter that rotating speed of motor is controlled, to change the movement velocity and the period of motion that plug is drawn together in oil pumping, and but the frequency of control inverter and voltage are after measuring the swabs operating mode by pressure sensor and position sensor, and the use programmable logic controller is regulated after judging according to predefined best operating condition automatically.Therefore, this oil pumping function adapts to the variation of various oil viscosities and water content voluntarily, makes oil well that higher productivity be arranged.But this device still adopts the crank gearing mode and uses common electric machine to drive, and energy consumption is higher, still has the necessity that continues change.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit of selecting for use general electromechanical equipment and standard member to form, to replace the oil pumper of present mechanical transmission structure.

The present invention is achieved in that and includes oil pumping pit shaft, swabs, oil pumping frame, wire rope, hoist engine, motor and counterweight thereof, input at motor is connected to adjustable inverter, pressure sensor, the position sensor of measuring the swabs position and the programmable logic controller that adjustable inverter is controlled are equipped with in the oil-out place of pumpingh well, and the output of pressure sensor and position sensor all links to each other with the input of programmable logic controller; It is characterized in that: (1) described motor is a numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor; (2) the oil pumping frame is formed by the hinged turriform platform that is supported on the common rest of two plate bracing frames of mast principal post on the pedestal and its rear side of bearing pin by two, hoist engine, motor all are placed on the platform, wire rope one end in the hoist engine joins by the piston rod of polished rod clamp and swabs, then walk around supporting wheel through the other end that twines and hang with counterweight on cylinder, two bracing frames are supported on the pedestal by bearing pin is hinged.

The present invention can realize that the goal of the invention key is to have adopted present advanced person's numerical control Electric Traction equipment and technology (number of patent application CN92100001.4) as prime mover, thereby break through the traditional concept of mechanical oil recovery equip ment, energy consumption is descended significantly, and the production fluid amount significantly rises and improves its economic benefit.

The present invention has done the improvement of two aspects to traditional mechanical oil pumper: the 1st, select for use based on the numerical control rare-earth electric motor 2 of Numeric Control Technology and rare earth new material and supporting DCPS digitally controlled power source 16 thereof, industrial control unit (ICU) 17 and

sensing device

14,15 constitute the incorporate Electric Traction control device of novel electromechanical, this is a kind of novel driving style that can adjust its operating mode at any time, can need be as conventional mechanical devices, must be by other part of various complicated mechanical, structure just can be finished the various mechanical actions of designing institute regulation, thereby simplifies the traditional mechanical structures parts with said function greatly.The 2nd, the metal machine frame and the structure member of numerically controlled beam-pumping unit are simplified, making all members of the present invention all is to select common apparatus and universal accessories for use basically, make its structure more become reasonable, easy, be easy to install, operation and maintenance, and make oil pumper cost 20% (the comparing) that thereupon descend with traditional oil pumper, and, the component of metal construction and frame, can solve on the spot at the scene, oil field and upgrade or replacement, for example the mast principal post can be used the special-purpose tubing manufacturing of oil transportation on the spot in the oil field, and manufacturing process is very simple, the workload of processing seldom, two of general oil field, the processing of all having the ability of three grades of units.According to measuring and calculating, structure division metal wastage of the present invention has reduced 2/3rds than traditional mechanical oil recovery machine.

Specifically introduce structure of the present invention and operating principle below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that structure of the present invention is formed.

Structural representation of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1: it includes oil pumping pit shaft 10, swabs 11, frame, wire rope 5, hoist engine 1, motor 2 and counterweight 4, above-mentioned motor is a numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor, its input is connected to the adjustable inverter 16 of numerical control, pressure sensor 15, the position sensor 14 of measuring swabs 11 positions and the industrial control unit (ICU) 17 that adjustable inverter 16 is controlled are housed at the oil-out place of pumpingh well, and the output of pressure sensor 15 and position sensor 14 all links to each other with the input of controller 17; The oil pumping frame is formed by the hinged turriform platform 9 that is supported on two plate bracing frames, the 8 common rests of mast post 7 on the pedestal 12 and its rear side of bearing pin 13 by two, hoist engine 1 and motor 2, wire rope supporting wheel 3 all is placed on the platform, wire rope 5 one ends in the hoist engine join by the stopper rod of drawing together of polished rod clamp 6 with swabs 11, then walk around supporting wheel 3 through the other end that on cylinder, twines and hang with 4, two bracing members 8 of counterweight by bearing pin 13 hinged being supported on the pedestal 12.

Operating principle of the present invention and conventional pumping unit are similar, promptly drive the cylinder rotation of hoist engine 1 with motor 2, make wire rope 5 moving linearlies on it, wire rope one end is connected with swabs 11, the other end connects counterweight 4, forward and reverse rotation by control break motor 2 makes wire rope 5 reciprocating, drives piston 11 and moves up and down, and finishes the oil pumping action.Because the input of motor 2 is connected to the adjustable inverter 16 of numerical control, control by industrial control unit (ICU) 17, can change output voltage, frequency and the phase place of adjustable inverter 16, make the rotating speed of motor 2 and turn to all and can control in real time, thereby can change the direction of motion and the speed of swabs 11 at any time.Resistance and position in the time of can measuring the piston oil pumping by pressure sensor 15 and position sensor 14, and be input to simultaneously in the industrial control unit (ICU) 17, make comparisons according to the running status of input and the optimal operating parameter of setting by industrial control unit (ICU) 17, carry out digital control to adjustable inverter, piston is moved under optimum condition, avoided the generation of vaccuum phenomenon automatically.Owing to counterweight 4 is housed, make it cooperate the dynamic loading the when output torque of motor 2 is pumped with regard to only bearing with operation parts such as swabs at the other end of wire rope 5.

The motor that the present invention selects for use is the numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor (China Patent No.: CN91203427.0) that has obtained patent.This motor adopts rare-earth permanent magnet to do rotor, can be supporting with DCPS digitally controlled power source, on a large scale, steadily regulate rotating speed and irrelevant substantially with load, mechanical property is good, detent torque is big, dynamic moment of inertia is little, can be with real time altering rotating speeds such as supply frequency, pulsewidths, and the saving energy, simple in structure, this speed load characteristic of suitable especially oil pumper changes the working machine of great disparity and makes driving force, even rotating speed changes from low speed to the ultrahigh speed acutely, its output torque is still kept almost constant.So easy realization drives the variable working condition of oil pumper, big to adapt to depths, stratum geological condition difference, the oil storage degree of depth, the complex situations that parameters such as oil viscosity and water content differ, fundamentally solve traditional mechanical oil pumper and can only finish the stiff of fixing oil extraction operation circulation and the hard nut to crack of poor efficiency according to changeless transmission rule, we can survey the dynamic Characteristic Data of various technological parameter establishment optimum conditions in advance, and weave into software and dress up in the industrial control unit (ICU) 17, send command adapted thereto by it and give 16 li of the reversible power supplys of numerical control, make this adjustable inverter output frequency, pulsewidth, the full speed rare-earth synchronous motor excitation is given in the pulse that amplitude is all adjustable, realization is to rotating speed of motor, the control that turns to, at any time pass through the operating mode of two sensor measurement pistons simultaneously, and make comparisons with optimum working parameter, regulate in real time after the judgement, the present invention just can adapt to the variation of oil viscosity and water content in the oil well all the time voluntarily like this, make oil pumper operate in optimum Working, make oil pumper that higher productivity ratio and capacity usage ratio be arranged.

The numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor that the present invention uses, adjustable inverter etc. are the novel universal equipment of electromechanical integration, the former existing factory produces in trial-production, the latter can select for use the patent No. to be: the patent of CN90202757 or CN90203323, also can select the G7 series inverter of Japanese fuji company for use, need not specially reequip.Industrial control unit (ICU) can be general industry process controller or industrial control computer.The present invention can be entire infrastructure equipment in the on-the-spot assembling of making of recovering the oil, as long as mast principal post, bracing frame with the manufacturing of oil pipes line are welded mutually with platform, fix with the seat board on bearing pin and the pedestal again, just mast can be erected with crane, be fixed on bracing frame on the pedestal just passable again.During workover treatment, also can fall the mast principal post with working rig easily, overhaul, and use then with quadrat method to make the mast principal post erect again.In a word, the present invention is that a kind of frame for movement is simple, dependable performance stable, is convenient to the electromechanical nonpetroleum mining equipment of control and management.This oil pumper is aspect oil recovery power notion, with traditional oil pumper be distinct, the tradition oil pumper is a kind of isolated ground machine equipment, promote power by obtaining in the electrical network to recover the oil merely, the present invention is then ground machine equipment, and underground sensing equipment and oil well etc. form a whole by real-time control technology, and it recovers the oil and promotes power is to utilize the latent energy that contains in stratum to be the master, be aided with the auxiliary power that electrical network is supplied with again, so energy consumption of the present invention is very low.

Claims

1 ,-kind of mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit, include oil pumping pit shaft, swabs, oil pumping frame, wire rope, hoist engine, motor and counterweight thereof, input at motor is connected to adjustable inverter, be equipped with pressure sensor, measure the pump position sensor of drawing together the plug position and the programmable logic controller that adjustable inverter is controlled at the oil-out place of pumpingh well, and the output of pressure sensor and position sensor all links to each other with the input of programmable logic controller; It is characterized in that: (1) described motor is a numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor; (2) the oil pumping frame is formed by the hinged turriform platform that is supported on the common rest of two plate bracing frames of mast principal post on the pedestal and its rear side of bearing pin by two, hoist engine, motor all are placed on the platform, wire rope-end in the hoist engine joins by the piston rod of polished rod clamp and swabs, then walk around supporting wheel through the other end that twines and hang with counterweight on cylinder, two bracing frames are supported on the pedestal by bearing pin is hinged.