CN1061739C - Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit - Google Patents
Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1061739C CN1061739C CN97105635A CN97105635A CN1061739C CN 1061739 C CN1061739 C CN 1061739C CN 97105635 A CN97105635 A CN 97105635A CN 97105635 A CN97105635 A CN 97105635A CN 1061739 C CN1061739 C CN 1061739C
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- motor
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- drums
- chip microcomputer
- long stroke
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Abstract
The present invention provides a motor reversing long stroke oil pumping machine which is composed of a motor, a speed reducer, a brake, drums, a balance weight, a machine frame, a steering wheel, steel cable rubber belts, a buffer, a control cabinet, etc., wherein the motor, the speed reducer and the drums are connected by a coupler in sequence; the drums are bi-directional winding drums; drums which are positioned on both sides are forward winding drums, and a middle drum is a backward winding drum; the steel cable rubber belt which is wound around the forward winding drums is connected with a rope hanger through the steering wheel, and the steel cable rubber belt which is wound around the backward winding drum is connected with the balance weight through the steering wheel which is arranged on the top end of the machine frame; a well head steering wheel adopts a double wheel separation mechanism. A coaxial gear is arranged on the other end of the drum, and a displacement sensor is next to a gear. The motor, the brake and the displacement sensor are all electrically connected with the control cabinet, and a single chip computer is a controlled by a core control system. The present invention uses motor reversing for replacing mechanical reversing, and has the characteristics of simplified mechanical structure, reduced impact, large stroke, good balance effect, convenient well repairing operation and no need of giving way.
Description
The invention belongs to mechanical oil recovery equip ment.
Used long stroke pumping unit mainly contains gas balance chain drive pumping unit and follow-on pouring weight balanced oil extractor and broadband chain drive pumping unit on the oil field now, though this chain commutation pumping unit has its advantage, but its mechanical commutation system is complicated, and the cost height still has certain impact during commutation.By retrieval, there is U.S. Pat 4719811 to disclose a kind of pumping unit that commutates with motor positive and inverse, this pumping unit is made up of derrick, balancer weight, first sheave block, second sheave block, driving mechanism etc., it adopts belt drive unit between motor and driving mechanism, skidding takes place when load is big easily, and this is totally unfavorable for the control accuracy that improves pumping unit, in addition, too complicated on this pumping unit structure, need complete machine to move during well workover to step down, inconvenient operation.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned pumping unit, the electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit that provides a kind of driving mechanism more to simplify.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: chief component has motor, retarder, break, cylinder, balancer weight, frame, deflecting roller, belt of wire rope, buffer and control cabinet etc.Motor is connected with coupling with retarder, is connected with shaft coupling between retarder and the cylinder, is installed in below the frame; Cylinder is two-way winding cylinder, and forward twines the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder and connects the two ends of rope hanger by deflecting roller, oppositely twines the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder and connects with balancer weight by deflecting roller, and deflecting roller is installed in the frame top; The other end of cylinder is equipped with the gear coaxial with cylinder, and there is displacement transducer on the gear next door, and the displacement signal of polished rod is taken from this gear.Motor, break, displacement transducer all electrically connect with control cabinet, and are subjected to control for the control core system with the single-chip microcomputer.Balancer weight is an iron case, and the uniform little iron block of weight is housed.The weight of balancer weight can be regulated easily, thereby improves counterbalance effect.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit proposed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is according to electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit drum segment schematic representation proposed by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams according to the control system of electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit proposed by the invention.
Among the figure, 1-polished rod, 2-rope hanger, the 3-frame, 4,4 ', 5,6, the 7-deflecting roller, 8,8 '-belt of wire rope, 10-balancer weight guideway frame, 11-balancer weight, 12-guide wheel, 13-buffer, 14-oppositely twine cylinder, 14 ', 14 " forward cylinder; 15-retarder, 16-motor, 17-break; 18-measuring gear, 19-displacement transducer, 20-control cabinet; 21-current transformer; 22-rectifying voltage regulator, 23-current signal rectification circuit, 24-single-chip microcomputers; 25-manual command dish, the 26-display device, 27-three phase rectifier electric bridge, KM
F, KM
RBe respectively forward and reverse A.C. contactor, R1, R2 are respectively the rotor loop high-power resistance, and T1, T2 are respectively the electronic power switch device.
Describe concrete structure of the present invention and working procedure in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The structure of this machine and transmission process: 16 high speed shafts with retarder 15 of motor connect, the lower velocity shaft of retarder 15 connects with cylinder 14, cylinder 14 ', 14 " go up forward lay winding wire ropes adhesive tape 8,8 '; through deflecting roller 4,4 ', 5, connect the two ends of rope hanger 2; deflecting roller adopts the two-wheel separating mechanism; be that deflecting roller 4 and deflecting roller 5 have respectively that two deflecting rollers are parallel to be installed, and is separated by a distance between the two-wheeled, so that workover eration.Adhesive tape 9 on the reverse lay winding wire ropes is connected with balancer weight 11 through deflecting roller 6,7 on the cylinder 14, and balancer weight 11 moves up and down along guideway frame 10; The outer surface of frame 3 and guideway frame 10 all is surrounded by iron sheet.The wind load that adds can be prevented to balancer weight, cylinder and belt of wire rope can be protected for frame. the wheels above the frame etc. are frame dress protective housing also, in case Exposure to Sunlight and drenching with rain.The other end of cylinder 14 is equipped with the measuring gear 18 coaxial with cylinder, and displacement transducer 19 is equipped with on gear 18 next doors.Three phase mains is introduced into control cabinet 20, after A.C. contactor control, sends into motor and break 17.
The working procedure of this pumping unit is: when balancer weight 11 at peak, rope hanger 2 is when minimum point, and the starting of motor 16 forwards is started rear motor 16 and balancer weight 11 and driven polished rods 1 beginning upstroke, when balancer weight during near minimum point, single-chip microcomputer 24 control motors slow down and also stop.After coming to a complete stop, single-chip microcomputer 24 control motor back-to-back startings, polished rod 1 is descending, the beginning down stroke.Balancer weight is up under motor and oil well loading.When balancer weight during near peak, single-chip microcomputer 24 control motors slow down and also stop, and finish a working procedure, carry out next working procedure afterwards again.
The composition of this pumping unit control system and function: control system is to be control core mechanism with single-chip microcomputer 24, and signal comes from current transformer 21 and displacement transducer 19.Single-chip microcomputer can select to have the microprocessor (as 8096, MC68HC11 etc.) of the reliability higher of A/D conversion function.Displacement transducer select for use can detect the number of teeth near switch or optoelectronic device.The function of control system is: (1) single-chip microcomputer can be judged the stroke situation according to displacement signal, which is opened or closure to control forward and reverse A.C. contactor, single-chip microcomputer can be judged the lotus situation of carrying of stroke up and down according to current signal, when upper and lower stroke load surpasses certain scope, can send the indication of adjusting balancer weight by display device 26.(2) single-chip microcomputer can judge according to displacement signal whether each up stroke and down stroke put in place.If not in place, next working procedure can refill this gap.If offside, next working procedure can be slowed down in advance and be shut down.(3) single-chip microcomputer can judge according to displacement signal whether pumping unit work is normal, if break down (as the bar etc. that breaks), single-chip microcomputer can make the motor outage and make break 17 work, checks the high speed shaft of retarder.Break 17 optional electrohydraulic brakes (is YWZ-50 etc. as model).(4) manual command dish 25 is made up of several buttons, mainly finishes the start of being sent to single-chip microcomputer by the operator, shuts down, is provided with instruction such as commutation waiting time.Adjust the commutation waiting time, can reach the purpose of transferring jig frequency.(5) single-chip microcomputer can be controlled turning on and off of T1 and T2, opens to be equivalent to excise the external series resistors of rotor loop, turn-offs to be equivalent to rotor loop adding resistance.Because the rotor winding has inductance, electric current is a continually varying when adjusting outer meeting resistance, therefore, can adopt the method for pulsewidth modulation according to the needed time of starting process, excises R1 gradually earlier, excises R2 more gradually.It is milder that this method can make rotor current change, and can not bring bigger impact.In the process of slowing down and shutting down, adopt the method for pulsewidth modulation equally, turn-off earlier T2 gradually, add resistance R 2, turn-off T1 more gradually, add resistance R 1, send the relay switch in instruction unpack ac contactor coil loop after the deceleration again, shut down motor outage back.(6) single-chip microcomputer can be realized protections such as overcurrent, the phase failure, short circuit, can show current of electric or failure cause by display device 26, can also calculate, show power and power consumption.(7) according to the rotor winding parameter, suitably select the value of R1 and R2, the starting current that makes motor is 1.8 times of rated current, and is perhaps littler.The fluctuation of motor terminal voltage 3% of the definite value that do not exceed the quata is also very little to the influence of electrical network like this.(8) motor windings adopts the F class B insulation, allows temperature rise higher, though the frequent forward and reverse starting of motor, per minute is no more than 6 times, can not surpass thermal limit.
The workover eration method of this pumping unit: 1. balancing, the weight G of balance gets the mean value of minimum polished rod load (Pmin) maximum polished rod load (Pmax), be G=(Pmax+Pmin)/2, this is the theoretical value of balancer weight, real balance weight is G ', and is just passable as long as the difference of actual weight and approx weight is no more than certain limit (such as 10%).This deviation can be compared with up stroke and down stroke current average according to the current average (total current mean value) of stroke up and down by single-chip microcomputer and be pushed away, when polished rod is up, if current average is greater than total current mean value, then in balancer weight iron case, add some iron blocks, when polished rod is descending, if current average greater than total current mean value, then takes out some iron blocks from the iron case of balancer weight.2. workover eration utilizes on the well repairing machine winch and carries polished rod, unloads balancer weight iron case, transfers polished rod then, and unreeve adhesive tape and with its both sides that hang over frame from the rope hanger unloads rope hanger from polished rod then.Adopted the mechanism of double steering wheel herein, the load that this mechanism not only makes every belt of wire rope bear reduces by half, and enough big space arranged between the two-wheeled, the hook of well repairing machine moves up and down in the time of can making workover eration, and frame or other parts that needn't mobile pumping unit greatly facilitate workover eration.
Characteristics of the present invention: 1. replace mechanical commutation with motor commutation, simplified widely frame for movement, reduced Cost, commutation has steadily reduced the impact of decelerator. 2. adjustment is convenient, can make counterbalance effect even more ideal, Power of motor can suitably reduce. 3. owing to can adjust the time of staying in when commutation, can be according to the suction operating mode, Adjust easily jig frequency. 4. because twin-steer has been designed in the oil pumper front, leave enough well workovers between the two-wheeled Working space, and needn't moving frame or other parts, greatly facilitate workover treatment. 5. suitably increase the frame height Degree can increase the length of stroke of oil pumper, and structural complexity and the complete machine weight of oil pumper be there is no big impact.
Claims (4)
1. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit, by motor, retarder, break, cylinder, balancer weight, frame, deflecting roller, belt of wire rope, composition such as buffer and control cabinet, said cylinder is two-way winding cylinder, forward twines the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder connects rope hanger by deflecting roller two ends, oppositely twining the belt of wire rope that twines on the cylinder connects with balancer weight by deflecting roller, it is characterized in that, motor, retarder is connected with shaft coupling successively with cylinder, be installed in below the frame, the other end of cylinder is equipped with in-line gears, and the gear next door is equipped with displacement transducer; Motor, break, displacement transducer all are electrically connected with control cabinet, and are subjected to be controlled by the control core system with the single-chip microcomputer.
2. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said control cabinet is to be the control core system with the single-chip microcomputer, by current transformer, A.C. contactor, single-chip microcomputer, displacement transducer, the electronic power switch device, formations such as rectification circuit, A.C. contactor is connected on the motor stator winding electric power incoming line, electric power incoming line passes current transformer, the output interface of single-chip microcomputer is communicated with the relay switch of two ac contactor coils, the rotor winding connects three-phase bridge rectifier circuit behind slip ring, meet two high-power starting resistance R1 of series connection and R2 after the rectification, two electronic power switch device T1 in parallel and T2 on the resistance, electronic power switch provides control signal by single-chip microcomputer.
3. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said balancer weight is an iron case, in adorn little iron block, guide wheel is equipped with in iron case both sides, moves on guideway frame.
4. electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the deflecting roller of said well head top adopts the two-wheel separating mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97105635A CN1061739C (en) | 1997-01-20 | 1997-01-20 | Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97105635A CN1061739C (en) | 1997-01-20 | 1997-01-20 | Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1188854A CN1188854A (en) | 1998-07-29 |
| CN1061739C true CN1061739C (en) | 2001-02-07 |
Family
ID=5167952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97105635A Expired - Fee Related CN1061739C (en) | 1997-01-20 | 1997-01-20 | Electric machine commutating long stroke beam unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1061739C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106121591A (en) * | 2016-08-14 | 2016-11-16 | 山东创新石油技术有限公司 | Motor commutation without counterweight adjusts ginseng electricity-saving type vertical oil-pumping machine automatically |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719811A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1988-01-19 | Rota-Flex Corporation | Well pumping unit with counterweight |
| CN1044843A (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1990-08-22 | 机械电子工业部兰州石油机械研究所 | Dual-belt dual-cylinder and long-stroke oil-pumping machine |
| CN1110752A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1995-10-25 | 张远明 | Reciprocating lifting device |
| CN1032601C (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1996-08-21 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | Mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit |
-
1997
- 1997-01-20 CN CN97105635A patent/CN1061739C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719811A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1988-01-19 | Rota-Flex Corporation | Well pumping unit with counterweight |
| CN1044843A (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1990-08-22 | 机械电子工业部兰州石油机械研究所 | Dual-belt dual-cylinder and long-stroke oil-pumping machine |
| CN1032601C (en) * | 1992-10-06 | 1996-08-21 | 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 | Mast-type numerically-controlled oil pumping unit |
| CN1110752A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1995-10-25 | 张远明 | Reciprocating lifting device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1188854A (en) | 1998-07-29 |
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