CN112502669A - Double-drum non-beam pumping unit and control method - Google Patents
Double-drum non-beam pumping unit and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112502669A CN112502669A CN202011063633.9A CN202011063633A CN112502669A CN 112502669 A CN112502669 A CN 112502669A CN 202011063633 A CN202011063633 A CN 202011063633A CN 112502669 A CN112502669 A CN 112502669A
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 33
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/1004—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with pulleys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/24—Controlling the direction, e.g. clockwise or counterclockwise
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
- H02P25/024—Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
Abstract
A double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit is characterized in that a double-output-shaft speed reducer is mounted on a platform at the top of a rack, a drum A and a drum B are mounted on a double-output shaft respectively, an upper limit switch, a lower limit switch, a reference detection switch and a rotating wheel displacement sensor are mounted on a platform at the outer side of a lifting belt of the two drums, the front part of the central line of the two drums is connected with an underground load through a wellhead load lifting belt and a hanging device, the rear part of the central line of the two drums is connected with a quick-connection balancing box through a balancing box lifting belt, pulses of the rotating wheel displacement sensor are converted through a program logic controller to serve as stroke length, stroke adjustment and reversing are realized by matching with the reference detection. And the indicator diagram is measured on line through a control system, and production parameters are automatically adjusted. One side of an input shaft of the speed reducer is provided with a power-off brake, the other side of the input shaft is provided with an input belt pulley, and the motor is in transmission with the input belt pulley through a transmission belt. The mechanical efficiency and the work efficiency of the oil pumping unit are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit for oil extraction in an oil field and a control method.
Background
The pumping unit is the power equipment of oil field ground oil recovery, and it divide into beam-pumping unit and no beam-pumping unit, and beam-pumping unit has used for a hundred years, because reliable durable, most that present oil field used still beam-pumping unit, but beam-pumping unit is because structural style limits, and its stroke is difficult to accomplish more than 6m, and along with the increase rapid increase of manufacturing cost of stroke. The existing ultra-deep wells are gradually increased, the oil well is deep, the telescopic amount of the oil pumping rod is large when each stroke is loaded and unloaded, and the short stroke of the beam pumping unit seriously influences the pumping efficiency of the underground oil pump. The non-beam pumping unit can conveniently achieve large stroke, and the current situation that the ultra-deep well needs a large stroke pumping unit is solved.
The development of the walking-beam-free pumping unit has been over thirty years, and the mature market is the mechanical reversing wide-band chain type pumping unit and the electrical reversing rotary motor reversing walking-beam-free pumping unit. The stroke of a machine type of the broadband chain reversing pumping unit is 9m at present, the load can be 240kN, and the requirement of the heavy load of an ultra-deep well is completely met, but the machine type reversing mechanism is a chain and a reciprocating frame, a transmission chain is equivalent to a beam machine, only a four-connecting-rod reversing mechanism is changed into a chain reversing mechanism, beam lever balance is changed into counterweight balance, the overall efficiency is improved to some extent, but the mechanical efficiency is not ideal due to the fact that the transmission chain is longer; due to the structure and the reversing mode, the stroke of the wide-band chain reversing pumping unit is fixed and cannot be adjusted, the up-down running speed is the same, and the condition that the stroke length needs to be adjusted or the up-down running speed needs to be different for part of oil wells is not suitable. In order to improve the current situations that the transmission chain length of a broadband chain reversing pumping unit cannot be adjusted due to fixed stroke and the up-down speed cannot be adjusted respectively, a rotary motor reversing walking-beam-free pumping unit appears in the market at the later stage.
The rotary motor reversing pumping unit is a mature electric reversing walking-beam-free pumping unit, and the electric reversing walking-beam-free pumping unit saves a mechanical reversing mechanism compared with a broadband chain reversing pumping unit, so that a transmission chain is shortened, the stroke can be adjusted by adjusting parameters in a non-stop state, and the up-down running speed can be adjusted without stopping, so that the mechanical efficiency is improved to some extent, the non-stop running work of an oil well can be changed, the stop time is reduced, and the influence on the productivity of the oil well is small. The rotating electrical machines switching-over beam-pumping unit wherein has a market occupation volume great, and more ripe model is intelligent motorized pulley beam-pumping unit, and this model is through the friction of cylinder with the load belt transmission, because this kind of structure causes the well head to lose the load just must increase and lose and carry detection and arrestment mechanism, and it just needs to increase alone to pluck the load and promotes counter weight mechanism, uses very inconveniently. The invention provides a double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit, aiming at solving the problems of real-time detection and braking when load is lost and a lifting counterweight mechanism is added independently when load is taken off or hung.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit which has strong adaptability to the well condition of an oil well, is convenient to unload and move, has complete protection functions such as load loss and the like, and a control method thereof.
The utility model provides a two reel non-beam pumping unit, includes concrete foundation 1, back base 2.1, frame 2, platform 2.6, motor 3, driving belt 4, lose electric brake 5.3, speed reducer 5, reel 5.2, well head load lifting belt 6, balance box lifting belt 7, connect balance box 12 soon, carry ware 13, wireless load sensor 14, polished rod checkpost 15, switch board 19, benchmark detection switch 10, runner displacement sensor 11, upper and lower limit switch 9, 8, its characterized in that: a platform at the top of the rack is provided with a double-output-shaft speed reducer, a winding drum A and a winding drum B are respectively arranged on the double output shafts, an upper limit switch, a lower limit switch, a reference detection switch and a rotating wheel displacement sensor are arranged on a platform at the outer side of a lifting belt of the two winding drums, the front parts of the center lines of the two winding drums are connected with an underground load through a wellhead load lifting belt and a loader, the rear parts of the center lines of the two winding drums are connected with a quick-connection balancing box through a balancing box lifting belt, pulses of the rotating wheel displacement sensor are converted through a program logic controller to serve as stroke lengths, stroke adjustment and reversing are realized by matching with the reference detection switch and a; the indicator diagram is measured on line through a control system, and production parameters are automatically adjusted; one end of an input shaft of the speed reducer is provided with a power-off brake, the other end of the input shaft is provided with an input belt pulley, and the motor is connected with the input belt pulley through a transmission belt; install benchmark colour difference strip on the outside upper portion of well head load lifting belt, the stroke top dead point stopper is installed to the lower part, install stroke bottom dead point stopper in balance box lifting belt outside lower part, install benchmark detection switch on the platform of the corresponding side of well head load lifting belt, install runner displacement sensor on the platform of the corresponding side of balance box lifting belt, runner displacement sensor's runner leans on balance box lifting belt surface, the switch board is in frame rear side bottom, through the cable, the motor and the electrical component connection on the signal cable and the frame.
The motor is an asynchronous motor or a direct current motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
The transmission belt is a triangular belt or a synchronous belt or a chain.
The wellhead load lifting belts and the balance box lifting belts on the winding drum A and the winding drum B are arranged into two belts by four belts, are not fixed on the winding drum and only cover the winding drum, one end of each belt is connected with a wellhead load, and the other end of each belt is connected with a quick-connection balance box to form friction transmission.
The transmission mechanism is composed of a motor, a transmission belt, a speed reducer and double winding drums or a permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor with output shafts at two ends and the winding drums at two ends, and replaces the motor, the transmission belt, the speed reducer and the double winding drums.
The wellhead load lifting belt and the balance box lifting belt are provided with high-strength steel wire rope core polyurethane protective layers, and the thickness of the high-strength steel wire rope core polyurethane protective layers is within 5 mm; the friction transmission centralizing roller can also be a fiber core rubber conveyer belt.
The quick-connection balancing box comprises a balancing box upper box body 12.1-1, a balancing box lower box body 12.1-11, upper hanging pins 12.1-2, lower hanging pins 12.1-6, hanging lugs 12.1-5, push plates 12.1-8, tension springs 12.1-4, lock pins 12.1-10, guide keys 12.1-7 and lock pin holes 12.1-9, wherein the balancing box upper box body and the balancing box lower box body are rectangular bodies, two symmetrical upper hanging pins are arranged on two sides of the lower part of the balancing box upper box body, two symmetrical hanging lugs sleeved with the lower hanging pins of the balancing box lower box body are hung on the upper hanging pins, a push plate is arranged between the lower parts of the two hanging lugs, a long hole is longitudinally arranged in the middle of the push plate, a guide key fixed on the balancing box lower box body is arranged in the lower end hole of the long hole, a guide plate with a long lock pin hole on the central line is vertically arranged on one side of the upper top surface of the push plate, the other side of the top surface of the push plate, which corresponds to the lock pin hole, is provided with a pin shaft, one end of the pin shaft is sleeved in the lock pin hole, the other end of the pin shaft is fixed with a fixed plate on the lower box body of the balance box, the hanging lug and the upper hanging pin are separated when the guide key is arranged at the upper end of the strip hole, the upper box body of the balance box is separated from the lower box body of the balance box, and the upper box body of the balance box and the lower box body of the balance box are hung into a whole when the.
A control method of a double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the electrical control system of claim 1 comprises a control cabinet, a motor, a power-off brake, a reference detection switch, a rotary wheel displacement sensor, a limit switch, a control circuit and a remote detection control terminal, when the double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit operates, a total power-on switch K1, a control power switch K2, a fan switch K3 and a heater switch K4 are powered on the control cabinet 19, if the temperature in summer exceeds 35 ℃, the high-temperature detection switch TK1 is switched on, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a high-temperature signal to supply power to a fan relay coil J1-1, a fan relay normally-open contact J1-2 is closed, and the fan 19-8 starts to work to ventilate and cool the control cabinet; if the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter, the TK2 is switched on, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a low-temperature signal and transmits the low-temperature signal to the heater relay coil J2-1, the heater relay normally open contact J2-2 is closed, and the heater 19-7 starts to work to heat and preserve heat for the control cabinet; the perfect temperature control measures ensure that the electric elements can work normally in the environment of hot summer or severe cold; at this time, assuming that the balance box 12 is at the lower part of the rack, the manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is turned to a manual position, the remote local change-over switch K8 is turned to a local position, the downlink instruction switch K6 is pressed, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a downlink signal and supplies power to the power-off brake relay coil J3-1, the power-off brake relay normally-open contact J3-2 is closed to supply power to the power-off brake 5.3, the power-off brake 5.3 is released, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 sends a downlink signal to the frequency converter 19-3, the motor 3 is powered and rotates forwards, the belt pulley 3.1 of the motor 3 drives the input shaft belt pulley 5.1 of the speed reducer 5 to rotate through the transmission belt 4, the winding drums 5.2 on the output shafts at two sides of the speed reducer 5 rotate, the balance box lifting belt 7 is wound up, the quick-connection balance box 7, when the wellhead load lifting belt 6 is released, a reference color difference strip 6.2 on the outer surface passes through the reference detection switch 10, the reference detection switch 10 sends a pulse signal to the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 starts to record the displacement pulse number sent by the rotating wheel displacement sensor 11 which is close to the surface of the balancing box lifting belt 7, the displacement pulse number is converted into a length unit and displayed on the parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, when the polished rod runs to the bottom dead center position marked by oil well professionals, the downlink instruction switch K6 is released, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a stop signal and gives a power-off signal to a J3-1 power-off brake relay coil J3-1, a power-off brake relay normally open contact J3-2 is opened, a power-off brake 5.3 is powered off, and an input shaft of the speed reducer 5 is braked, the balance box 7 stops moving, at the moment, a stroke bottom dead center limiting block 7.1 on the balance box lifting belt 7 is fixed at a position 20 cm away from the lower limiting switch 8, the stroke bottom dead center limiting block 7.1 on the balance box lifting belt 7 exceeds the bottom dead center by 20 cm in operation and touches the lower limiting switch 8, the lower limiting switch 8 sends an over-stroke signal to the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4, and the next stroke logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 shortens the control by 20 cm to operate, so that the stroke operation is ensured not to be over-positioned any more; at this time, the displacement from the reference to the bottom dead center display is input on the parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, the input displacement from the reference to the bottom dead center display is subtracted from the total stroke, and the displacement from the reference to the top dead center is input; then the manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is changed to an automatic position, the wellhead load lifting belt 6 starts to go upwards by pressing an up command switch K5, when the operation is observed to reach the total stroke length from the parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, the manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is changed to a manual position, the wellhead load lifting belt 6 stops operating, at the moment, the top dead center limit block 6.1 of the stroke on the wellhead load lifting belt 6 is fixed at the position 20 cm away from the upper limit switch 9, the manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is changed to an automatic position, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 records the current position of the stroke, the operation is started up and down according to the stroke length and stroke frequency information specified by a program, in the process of going up and down, because the situation that the load drags the motor 3 to operate can occur due to the feedback at the end of the stroke, at the moment, the energy unit 19-9, energy-saving operation is realized; then the K8 remote local transfer switch is switched to a remote position, the wireless load sensor 14 starts to communicate with the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4 to transmit real-time load data, the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4 transmits the collected information of stroke, stroke frequency, load, current, voltage and the like with the remote monitoring and control terminal 19-10 through the antenna 19-6, the remote monitoring and control terminal 19-10 determines an ID code for the oil pumping unit, and inputs parameters of rated load, stroke frequency, unilateral lifting force and the like of the oil pumping unit at the terminal, the parameters of the real-time load, stroke frequency, unilateral lifting force and the like transmitted on site are stored in a data packet of the ID code, a indicator diagram is drawn through a program, frequency adjustment data of the stroke frequency can be added to the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4 according to the normal area of the indicator diagram, the pumping unit operates according to the received frequency, and the rated load, stroke frequency and unilateral lifting force are compared, so that the yield is increased in time and the operation of the pumping unit parameters is not exceeded; if the indicator diagram analyzes that the liquid shortage condition occurs, the remote monitoring and control terminal 19-10 can find in time, reduce the frequency adjustment data of the stroke frequency for the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4, the oil pumping unit operates according to the received frequency reduction stroke frequency until the indicator diagram is normal, automatically adjust the stroke frequency according to the oil quantity of the oil well, save the output of extra work, and analyze and adjust in time and accurately.
The other control method of the double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit control method is characterized in that a motor (3), a motor belt pulley (3.1), a transmission belt 4, a speed reducer 5, a speed reducer input belt pulley 5.1, a drum 5.2 and a power-off brake 5.3 are combined into a double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor drive control structure, the output torque is equivalent to that of the speed reducer, the input wiring short circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the function of electric braking, after the normally open contact of the star sealing contactor KM1-2 is disconnected, the normally closed contact is automatically closed, the three binding posts of the star sealing contactor KM1-2 are in short circuit, the input line is automatically in short circuit after the motor is powered off, the brake can replace a 5.3 power-off brake, a coil J3-1 of a brake relay J3-1 is changed into a coil KM1-1 of a contactor, and a normally open contact J3-2 of a brake relay J3-2 is changed into a normally open contact of a satellite-sealing contactor KM 1-2; in the working process, the manual-automatic switch K7 is pushed to an automatic position, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a starting signal to supply power to the contactor coil KM1-1, the contactor normally-closed contact KM1-2 is opened, the input lines of the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor are separated, the contactor normally-open contact KM1-2 is closed, the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor is electrified to start to operate according to a program, the manual-automatic switch K7 is pushed to a manual position, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a stopping signal to cut off the power to the contactor coil KM1-1, the contactor KM1-2 normally-open contact is opened, the contactor KM1-2 normally-closed contact is closed, the input lines of the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor are short-circuited to stop the electric brake, and the lower, and will not be described in detail.
The problems are solved: 1. compared with a mature chain reversing oil pumping unit, the double-winding-drum walking-beam-free oil pumping unit is electrically reversed, a mechanical chain reversing mechanism is removed, and the mechanical efficiency is improved; if the double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit uses the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor, compared with a mature electric reversing walking-beam-free pumping unit which uses the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the high-strength synchronous belt to drive the roller to perform friction transmission, the link of the motor and the roller is reduced, the transmission of the load belt and the roller is changed from friction transmission to fixed winding transmission, the slipping phenomenon is reduced, and the mechanical efficiency is improved.
2. The method comprises the steps of automatically testing an indicator diagram on line, analyzing the indicator diagram, automatically adjusting stroke frequency according to indicator diagram analysis data, adapting to the oil supply of an oil layer, enabling the oil pumping unit to operate in a reasonable state, and achieving the purposes of saving electricity and improving crude oil yield.
3. The elevator belt uses the steel wire rope core polyurethane protective layer that excels in, and elevator belt thickness only is within 5mm, and the diameter change that the number of winding piles takes place satisfies the projected requirement of no beam-pumping unit well head polished rod hanging point, has avoided using thick elevator belt diameter to change the requirement that increases well head centering gyro wheel greatly, has reduced the winding contact number of times of elevator belt with the cylinder, has increased the life of elevator belt.
4. The speed reducer or the permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor is a double-output shaft, the two winding drums are respectively arranged on two sides of the speed reducer or the permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor, so that the distance between the two lifting belts on the same side is increased, the horizontal plane of the hanger is inclined to be smaller due to smaller length error of the lifting belts, the two lifting belts are stressed more uniformly, the use conditions of the lifting belts are improved, and the service lives of the lifting belts are prolonged.
5. The quick-connection balancing box solves the problems that the periodical load change of thickened oil steam huff and puff exploitation is large, the time for adjusting the balance weight in stages is long, and the labor intensity is high.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the electric control cabinet controls the motor to rotate forward and backward, and the stroke frequency can be finished under the condition of no shutdown; load data are monitored at any time, and the stroke frequency can be automatically adjusted according to the load; according to the requirement of oil well output, when the frequency converter cannot be expanded and adjusted outwards, the speed ratio of the motor belt wheel and the speed reducer belt wheel can be changed on site, the requirement of small load difference and fast stroke frequency of a thin oil well can be met, the requirement of large load difference and slow stroke frequency of a thick oil well can also be met, and the application range of the oil well is wide; the quick-connection balancing box can quickly add and subtract the balance weight in the steam huff and puff exploitation period of the heavy oil well, reduce the staged peak torque of the oil pumping unit, shorten the stop time of the balance weight adjustment and reduce the risk of stopping the permeation of the underground crude oil to the bottom of the pump; the mode that the lifting belt is fixed on the winding drum is adopted, firstly, the phenomenon that friction type transmission has slip is avoided, the transmission efficiency is improved, secondly, when a load needs to be removed in wellhead maintenance or operation, an additional lifting mechanism does not need to be added like a friction transmission oil pumping unit, the lifting belt on the double winding drums can be used for directly lifting the balance box and removing the load of the wellhead, thirdly, a load sensor is used for detecting the load of the wellhead, the load is instantly smaller than a set minimum load in the moment of load loss, the motor is immediately controlled by the control cabinet to stop and brake, the winding drums on the double output shafts of the speed reducer stop, the lifting belt of the balance box is not released any more, and the condition that the balance box quickly falls down.
2. The automatic oil pumping unit can automatically generate an indicator diagram on line, a remote detection control terminal analyzes the indicator diagram, data communication with the oil pumping unit is carried out according to the indicator diagram analysis data, stroke frequency is automatically adjusted, the oil supply quantity of an oil layer is adapted, the oil pumping unit is enabled to operate in a reasonable state, and the purpose of saving electricity and improving crude oil yield is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the schematic construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the schematic construction of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the platform of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the mounting base of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the surge tank guide of the present invention;
FIG. 7A is a schematic view of the quick connect counterbalance case of the present invention in combination;
FIG. 7B is a schematic illustration of the quick connect counterbalance case of the present invention in a disassembled state;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the travel mechanism in a base position;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a traveling mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a friction drive structure of a second roller (drum to roller) lifting belt in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of wellhead centering of an embodiment triple thickness belt of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic direct-drive diagram of a four-shaft-output high-torque motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is an electrical schematic of the first, second and third embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 14 is an electrical schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
In the attached drawing, a concrete foundation 1 comprises a foundation body 1, a walking support plate 1-1, a frame 2, a rear base 2.1, a vertical frame, a front base 2.2, a walking mechanism 2.3, a lifting screw rod 2.3-1, a lifting nut 2.3-2, a roller bracket 2.3-3, a roller 2.3-4, a bearing 2.3-5, a roller shaft fixed key 2.3-6, a driving shaft 2.3-7, a walking mechanism shell 2.3-8, a ladder stand 2.4, a diagonal draw bar 2.5, an upper platform 2.6, a guardrail 2.7, a ladder stand guard ring 2.8, a platform door 2.9, a driving belt guard 2.10, a brake guard 2.11, a winding drum guard 2.12, a guide rail 2.13, a motor 3, a motor belt pulley 3.1, a driving belt 4, a speed reducer 5, a speed reducer input belt pulley 5.1, a winding drum 5.2, a power-off brake 5.3, a wellhead load limiting block lifting belt 6, a stroke top dead center 6.1, a reference strip lifting box 6.2, 7.1 parts of stroke bottom dead center limiting block, 8 parts of lower limiting switch, 9 parts of upper limiting switch, 10 parts of reference detection switch, 11 parts of runner displacement sensor, 12 parts of quick-connection balancing box, 12.1-1 parts of balancing box upper body, 12.1-2 parts of upper hanging pin, 12.1-3 parts of spring hanging pin, 12.1-4 parts of tension spring, 12.1-5 parts of hanging lug, 12.1-6 parts of lower hanging pin, 12.1-7 parts of guide key, 12.1-8 parts of push plate, 12.1-9 parts of lock pin hole, 12.1-10 parts of lock pin, 12.1-11 parts of balancing box lower body, 12.2 parts of balancing box guide wheel, 13 parts of hanging device, 14 parts of wireless load sensor, 15 parts of polished rod clamp, 16 parts of foundation bolt, press plate 17, cable and signal cable 18, electric control cabinet 19 parts of centering.
FIG. 7 shows that the quick-connect balancing box 12 comprises a quick-disconnect mechanism 12.1 and a guide wheel 12.2, and the quick-connect balancing box 12.1 comprises a balancing box upper body 12.1-1, an upper hanging pin 12.1-2, a spring hanging pin 12.1-3, a tension spring 12.1-4, a hanging lug 12.1-5, a lower hanging pin 12.1-6, a guide key 12.1-7, a push plate 12.1-8, a lock pin hole 12.1-9, a lock pin 12.1-10 and a balancing box lower body 12.1-11.
The attached figures 8 and 9 are installation drawings and structural schematic diagrams of a traveling mechanism, wherein the traveling mechanism comprises 2.3 parts of a traveling mechanism, 2.3-1 parts of a lifting screw rod, 2.3-2 parts of a lifting nut, 2.3-3 parts of a roller bracket, 2.3-4 parts of a roller, 2.3-5 parts of a bearing, 2.3-6 parts of a roller shaft fixing key, 2.3-7 parts of a driving shaft and 2.3-8 parts of a traveling mechanism shell.
FIG. 13 is an electrical schematic diagram of a control cabinet according to the first, second and third embodiments, which includes a main power-on switch K1, a control power switch K2, a fan switch K3, a heater switch K4, an uplink command switch K5, a downlink command switch K6, a manual-automatic transfer switch K7, a remote local transfer switch K8, a high-temperature detection switch TK1, a low-temperature detection switch TK2, a fan relay coil J1-1, a fan relay normally-open contact J1-2, a heater relay coil J2-1, a heater relay normally-open contact J2-2, a power-off brake relay coil J3-1, a power-off brake normally-open contact J3-2, a control power isolation transformer 19-1, a DC power supply 19-2, a frequency converter 19-3, a logic controller and information transmission module 19-4, a parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, a control power-on switch K2, 19-6 parts of antenna, 19-7 parts of heater, 19-8 parts of fan, 19-9 parts of energy feedback unit, 19-10 parts of remote monitoring control terminal, 3 parts of motor, 5.3 parts of power-off brake, 8 parts of lower limit switch, 9 parts of upper limit switch, 11 parts of runner displacement sensor and 14 parts of wireless load sensor.
Fig. 14 is an electrical schematic diagram of a control cabinet according to a fourth embodiment, which is obtained by changing a power-off brake 5.3 into a star contactor KM1-2 and a power-off brake relay coil J3-1 into a star contactor relay coil KM1-2 on the basis of fig. 13, and the rest is unchanged.
The fifth embodiment is as follows:
in order to further disclose the technical scheme of the invention, the following detailed description is made in combination with the attached drawings of the specification:
fig. 1 to 4 are schematic structural diagrams of the present invention, fig. 5 to 9 are schematic partial component diagrams of the present invention, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment, fig. 13 is an electrical schematic diagram of the first, second and third embodiments of the present invention, fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment, and fig. 14 is an electrical schematic diagram of the fourth embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
this embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1-9 and fig. 13:
the invention discloses a double-drum walking-beam-free oil pumping machine which comprises a concrete foundation 1, a walking support plate 1-1, a rack 2, a rear base 2.1, a vertical frame and a front base 2.2, a walking mechanism 2.3, a lifting screw rod 2.3-1, a lifting nut 2.3-2, a roller bracket 2.3-3, a roller 2.3-4, a bearing 2.3-5, a roller and shaft fixing key 2.3-6, a driving shaft 2.3-7, a walking mechanism shell 2.3-8, a ladder stand 2.4, a diagonal draw bar 2.5, an upper platform 2.6, a guardrail 2.7, a protective ring 2.8, a platform door 2.9, a transmission belt protective cover 2.10, a brake protective cover 2.11, a drum protective cover 2.12, a guide rail 2.13, a motor 3, a motor belt pulley 3.1, a transmission belt 4, a speed reducer 5, a speed reducer input limiting block 5.1, a drum 5.2, a power-loss brake 5.3, a load lifting belt 6, an upper dead point stroke 6.1, and a dead, 6.2 parts of reference color difference strip, 7 parts of balance box lifting belt, 7.1 parts of stroke bottom dead center limiting block, 8 parts of lower limiting switch, 9 parts of upper limiting switch, 10 parts of reference detection switch, 11 parts of runner displacement sensor, 12 parts of quick-connection balance box, 12.1-1 parts of balance box upper body, 12.1-2 parts of upper hanging pin, 12.1-3 parts of spring hanging pin, 12.1-4 parts of tension spring, 2.1-5 parts of hanging lug, 12.1-6 parts of lower hanging pin, 12.1-7 parts of guide key, 12.1-8 parts of push plate, 12.1-9 parts of lock pin hole, 12.1-10 parts of lock pin, 12.1-11 parts of balance box lower body, 12.2 parts of guide wheel, 13 parts of hanging carrier, 14 parts of wireless load sensor, 15 parts of polish rod clamp, 16 parts of anchor bolt, 17 parts of press plate, 18 parts of cable and signal.
A double-output-shaft speed reducer 5 is installed on a platform at the top of a frame 2, a winding drum A5.2 and a winding drum B5.2 are respectively installed on the double output shafts, the winding drum A5.2 and the winding drum B5.2 are respectively separated from two winding drum grooves, two grooves close to the speed reducer are grooves for winding and unwinding wellhead load lifting belts 6, two grooves far away from the speed reducer on the two winding drums are grooves for winding and unwinding balance box lifting belts 7, one ends of the two wellhead load lifting belts 6 are respectively installed in the groove grooves close to the inner sides of the speed reducer on the winding drum A5.2 and the winding drum B5.2, one ends of the two balance box lifting belts 7 are respectively installed in the groove far away from the outer side of the speed reducer on the winding drum A and the winding drum B, when the two wellhead load lifting belts on the inner side of the winding drum A, B are wound, the two balance box lifting belts in the groove on the outer side of the winding drum A, B are released, and the, a balance box lifting belt 7 is connected with a quick-connection balance box 12 in a rack, a stroke upper dead point limiting block 6.1 is arranged on the outer surface of a wellhead load lifting belt 6 on a winding drum A5.2 on one side, a lower dead point limiting block 7.1 is arranged on the outer surface of the balance box lifting belt 7, an upper stroke limiting switch 9 is arranged on the outer side of the wellhead load lifting belt 6.1 on the winding drum A5.2 on one side on a platform, a lower stroke limiting switch 8 is arranged on the outer side of the balance box lifting belt 7, a reference color difference strip 6.2 is pasted in the middle of the wellhead load lifting belt 6 on a winding drum B5.2 on the other side, a reference detection switch 10 is arranged on a right side platform of the lifting belt, a rotating wheel displacement sensor 11 is arranged on the right side platform of the balance box lifting belt 7 of the winding drum B5.2 on the side, a rotating wheel of the rotating wheel displacement sensor 11 only leans against the surface of the balance box lifting belt 7, the quick-connection balance, the other side is an input belt pulley 5.1, a motor 3 is in transmission with the input belt pulley 5.1 through a transmission belt 4, the lower part of a frame 2 is connected with bases 2.1 and 2.2 and is tightly pressed on a concrete foundation 1 through foundation bolts 16 and a pressing plate 17, the corresponding travelling mechanism 2.3 part of the concrete foundation 1 is composed of a travelling guide rail 1-1, the bases 2.1 and 2.2 are provided with a travelling mechanism 2.3, the frame 2 is also provided with a ladder stand 2.4, a diagonal draw bar 2.5, an upper platform 2.6, a guardrail 2.7, a ladder stand guard ring 2.8, a platform door 2.9, shields 2.10, 2.11, 2.12 and a guide rail 2.13, a control cabinet 19 is connected with electrical components on the frame through cables and signal cables 18 on the rear side of the frame 2, and a wireless load sensor 14 is arranged on a polished rod between a hanging carrier 13 and a polished.
FIG. 13 is an electrical schematic diagram of a control cabinet according to the first, second and third embodiments, which includes a main power-on switch K1, a control power switch K2, a fan switch K3, a heater switch K4, an uplink command switch K5, a downlink command switch K6, a manual-automatic transfer switch K7, a remote local transfer switch K8, a high-temperature detection switch TK1, a low-temperature detection switch TK2, a fan relay coil J1-1, a fan relay normally-open contact J1-2, a heater relay coil J2-1, a heater relay normally-open contact J2-2, a power-off brake relay coil J3-1, a power-off brake normally-open contact J3-2, a control power isolation transformer 19-1, a DC power supply 19-2, a frequency converter 19-3, a logic controller and information transmission module 19-4, a parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, a control power-on switch K2, 19-6 parts of antenna, 19-7 parts of heater, 19-8 parts of fan, 19-9 parts of energy feedback unit, 19-10 parts of remote monitoring, 3 parts of motor, 5.3 parts of power-off brake, 8 parts of lower limit switch, 9 parts of upper limit switch, 11 parts of rotating wheel displacement sensor and 14 parts of wireless load sensor.
The following description can be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1-5 and 13:
when the intelligent air conditioner runs, a general power-on switch K1, a control power switch K2, a fan switch K3 and a heater switch K4 are powered on the control cabinet 19, if the temperature in summer exceeds 35 ℃, a high-temperature detection switch TK1 is switched on, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a high-temperature signal to supply power to a fan relay coil J1-1 and close a fan relay normally-open contact J1-2, and the fan 19-8 starts to work to ventilate and cool the control cabinet; if the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter, the TK2 is switched on, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a low-temperature signal to supply power to the coil J2-1 of the heater relay J2-1 and close the normally open contact J2-2 of the heater relay, and the heater 19-7 starts to work to heat and preserve heat for the control cabinet; the perfect temperature control measures ensure that the electric elements can work normally in the environment of hot summer or severe cold. At this time, assuming that the balance box 12 is at the lower part of the rack, the K7 manual-automatic change-over switch is turned to a manual position, the K8 remote local change-over switch is turned to a local position, the downlink instruction switch K6 is pressed, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a downlink signal and supplies power to the power-off brake relay coil J3-1, the power-off brake relay normally-open contact J3-2 is closed to supply power to the power-off brake 5.3, the power-off brake 5.3 is released, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 sends a downlink signal to the frequency converter 19-3, the motor 3 is powered and rotates forwards, the belt pulley 3.1 of the motor 3 drives the input shaft belt pulley 5.1 of the speed reducer 5 to rotate through the transmission belt 4, the winding drums 5.2 on the output shafts at two sides of the speed reducer 5 rotate, the balance box lifting belt 7 is wound up, the quick-connection balance box 7, when the wellhead load lifting belt 6 is released, a reference color difference strip 6.2 on the outer surface passes through the reference detection switch 10, the reference detection switch 10 sends a pulse signal to the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 starts to record the displacement pulse number sent by the rotating wheel displacement sensor 11 rotating close to the surface of the balancing box lifting belt 7 and converts the displacement pulse number into a length unit to be displayed on the parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, when the polished rod runs to the bottom dead center position marked by oil well professionals, the downlink instruction switch K6 is released, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a stop signal to cut off the power of the relay coil J3-1 of the power-off brake, the normally open relay contact J3-2 of the power-off brake is opened, and the power-off brake 5.3 electrically brakes the input shaft of the speed reducer 5, the balance box 7 stops moving, at the moment, a stroke bottom dead center limiting block 7.1 on the balance box lifting belt 7 is fixed at a position 20 cm away from the lower limiting switch 8, the stroke bottom dead center limiting block 7.1 on the balance box lifting belt 7 exceeds the bottom dead center by 20 cm in operation and touches the lower limiting switch 8, the lower limiting switch 8 sends an over-stroke signal to the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4, and the next stroke logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 shortens the control by 20 cm to operate, so that the stroke operation is ensured not to be over-positioned any more; at this time, the displacement from the reference to the bottom dead center display is input on the parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, and the displacement from the input reference to the top dead center display displacement is subtracted from the total stroke; then, the manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is changed to an automatic position, the wellhead load lifting belt 6 starts to go upwards by pressing an uplink command switch K5, when the operation is observed to reach the total stroke length from the parameter adjustment display screen 19-5, the manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is changed to a manual position, the wellhead load lifting belt 6 stops operating, at the moment, the top dead center limit block 6.1 of the stroke on the wellhead load lifting belt 6 is fixed at the position 20 cm away from the upper limit switch 9, the K7 manual-automatic change-over switch K7 is changed to an automatic position, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 records the current position of the stroke, and starts to run up and down according to information such as the stroke length and speed specified by a program, and in the uplink and downlink process, because the condition that the load drags the motor 3 to run when the stroke end is about to come, at the moment, the electricity generated by the motor 3 is fed back to the power grid, so that energy-saving operation is realized.
Then the K8 remote local transfer switch is converted to a remote position, the wireless load sensor 14 starts to communicate with the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4 to transmit real-time load data, the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4 transmits the collected stroke, stroke frequency, load, current, voltage and other information to the remote monitoring control terminal 19-10 through the antenna 19-6, the remote monitoring control terminal 19-10 determines the ID code for the pumping unit, and inputs the parameters of the rated load, stroke frequency, unilateral lifting force and the like of the pumping unit into the remote monitoring control terminal 19-10, the parameters of the real-time load, stroke frequency, unilateral lifting force and the like transmitted on site are stored into the data packet of the ID code, a power diagram is drawn through a program, according to the normal comparative analysis of the area of the power diagram, the frequency adjustment data of the stroke frequency can be added to the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4, the pumping unit operates according to the received frequency, and the rated load, stroke frequency and unilateral lifting force are compared, so that the yield is increased in time and the operation of the pumping unit parameters is not exceeded; if the indicator diagram analyzes that the liquid shortage condition occurs, the terminal can find in time that the frequency adjustment data of the stroke frequency is reduced for the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4, the pumping unit reduces the stroke frequency according to the received frequency and operates until the indicator diagram is normal, the stroke frequency is automatically adjusted according to the oil quantity of the oil well, the output of extra work is saved, and the analysis and adjustment are timely and accurate.
The guide explanation of the quick-connection balancing box 12 is made with reference to the attached figure 6: fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the guide wheel 12.2 of fig. 2, in which the frame 2, the guide rail 2.13, the quick-connect balance box body 12 and the guide wheel 12.2 are arranged, the guide rail 2.13 is welded on the inner side of the upright post of the frame 2, the guide wheel 12.2 is arranged on the side surface of the balance box upper body 12.1-1 near the lower part, and the guide wheel 12.2 on the quick-connect balance box 12 is matched with the guide rail 2.13 of the frame 2 during operation, so that the quick-connect balance box 12 is moved and positioned in windy weather and the like, and the collision with the frame 2 is avoided.
The structure and the disassembling and assembling process of the quick-connecting balancing box 12 are explained with reference to the attached drawing 7:
FIG. 7 shows that the quick-connect balancing box 12 includes a quick-disconnect mechanism 12.1 and a guide wheel 12.2, the quick-disconnect mechanism 12.1 includes an upper and lower combined guide cone 12.1-0, a balancing box upper body 12.1-1, an upper hanger pin 12.1-2, a spring hanger pin 12.1-3, a tension spring 12.1-4, a hanger 12.1-5, a lower hanger pin 12.1-6, a guide key 12.1-7, a push plate 12.1-8, a lock pin hole 12.1-9, a lock pin 12.1-10, a balancing box lower body 12.1-11, an upper and lower combined guide cone 12.1-0 welded at four corners of the bottom of the balancing box upper body 12.1-1, the balancing box upper body 12.1-1 is aligned and aligned with the balancing box lower body 12.1-11 by the upper and lower combined guide cones 12.1-2 welded at the upper body 12.1-1 of the balancing box, the lower hanger pin 12.1-11 welded at the upper body 12.1-1, the hanging lugs 12.1-5 are hung on the lower hanging pins 12.1-6, the hanging lugs 12.1-5 are welded with spring hanging pins 12.1-3, the tension springs 12.1-4 are installed on the two spring hanging pins 12.1-3 on the hanging lugs 12.1-5, the guide keys 12.1-7 are welded on the balance box lower body 12.1-11, the strip holes of the push plates 12.1-8 are arranged, the lock pin hole plates 12.1-9 are welded on the push plates 12.1-8, the lock pins 12.1-10 are welded on the balance box lower body 12.1-11, and the lock pins 12.1-10 are aligned with the lock pin holes 12.1-9;
in the process of steam huff and puff exploitation of a heavy oil well, the process comprises an initial stage, a middle stage and a final stage after steam injection, the initial stage of exploitation is mainly to discharge condensed water after steam releases heat as soon as possible, oil and water are mixed for exploitation in the middle stage, the final stage is mainly to exploit crude oil, the viscosity of liquid in the initial stage is low, the load of the oil well is low, and the load of the oil well is gradually increased after the oil well is gradually changed into the middle stage and the final stage; the balance box lower body 12.1-11 is disassembled at the initial mining stage, the balance box lower body 12.1-11 is combined with the upper balance box lower body in the middle mining stage and runs to the final stage, and the disassembly and the combination are carried out once in each mining period; when the upper balance box lower body 12.1-11 is combined, the oil pumping unit manually moves the upper balance box upper body 12.1-1 to sit on the balance box lower body 12.1-11 by leaning on the upper and lower body combination guide cone 12.1-0, pushes the push plate 12.1-8 upwards to push the hangers 12.1-5 to the positions where the hangers 12.1-2 are hung, stirs the lock pins 2.1-10 to be inserted into the lock pin holes 12.1-9, the push plate 12.1-8 does not fall down to squeeze the hangers 12.1-5, and the hangers 12.1-2 cannot be separated from the upper hanger pins 12.1-2, the oil pumping unit moves the balance box lower body 12.1-11 upwards, the gravity acts on the upper hanger pins 12.1-2, and the combination is completed; when the oil pumping unit needs to be disassembled, the balance box falls on the foundation, the lock pin 2.1-10 is pulled out from the lock pin hole 12.1-9, the push plate 12.1-8 is pushed downwards, the tension spring 12.1-4 automatically pulls the hanging lug 12.1-5 away from the upper hanging pin 12.1-2, the oil pumping unit can be disassembled after going upwards, and the whole process is labor-saving and short in time.
Fig. 8 and 9 are a mounting diagram and a structural schematic diagram of a traveling mechanism, and the operation of the mobile machine is explained by combining fig. 8 and 9:
the traveling mechanism 2.3 comprises a lifting screw rod 2.3-1, a lifting nut 2.3-2, a roller bracket 2.3-3, a roller 2.3-4, a bearing 2.3-5, a roller shaft fixing key 2.3-6, a driving shaft 2.3-7 and a traveling mechanism shell 2.3-8. When the machine needs to be moved in operation, the pumping unit is operated to a position close to a bottom dead center, the polish rod is clamped on the well head by using the polish rod clamp at the well head, the pumping unit is continuously operated to move downwards, the loader 13 and the polish rod clamp on the loader are not stressed any more, the wireless load sensor 14 is taken down, and the hanger 13 is separated from the polished rod, the up-going oil pumping unit is operated, the quick-connecting weight box 7 falls to the lower part of the rack, supporting a quick-connection weight box 7 on the upper part of a base 2.1 by using materials such as steel pipes or channel steel, loosening foundation bolts 16, screwing a lifting screw rod 2.3-1 of each travelling mechanism by using a wrench 4 to enable the base of the whole pumping unit to be separated from a gap with a concrete foundation 1, rotating driving shafts 2.3-7 of the two travelling mechanisms on the front part by using the wrench, enabling rollers 2.3-4 to travel backwards on a travelling supporting plate 1-1 of the concrete foundation 1, opening a well mouth operation space of the whole pumping unit, and tightly pressing the foundation bolts 16; when the operation is finished, the operation is carried out according to the reverse program.
Example two:
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the friction transmission of the roller and the lifting belt according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which will be described below with reference to fig. 10:
in the embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the wellhead load lifting belt 6 and the balance box lifting belt 7 are combined into one load belt 67, the winding drum A5.2 and the winding drum B5.2 are respectively provided with one load belt 67, the load belt 67 is only covered but not fixed, the front end of the load belt 67 is used for mounting wellhead loads through the loader 13, the rear end of the load belt 67 is connected with the quick-connection balance box 12 to form friction transmission, the load loss structure uses a mature elevator load loss detection capture mechanism, and unloading and mounting are realized by using a crane to lift a wellhead polished rod. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
Example three:
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of wellhead centering of a thick lift belt in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention, which is now described with reference to fig. 11 as follows:
in the embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the thickness of the adopted lifting belt exceeds the beneficial adjustment made when the wellhead projection circle size of the industrial standard 'no-beam pumping unit SY/T6729-2014' is adopted, the centering guide wheel 20 is installed on the rack 2 at the front part of the winding drum 5.2 close to the wellhead direction, the wellhead load lifting belt 6 is aligned to the wellhead through the centering guide wheel 20, and the rest parts are completely the same as the first embodiment.
Example four:
fig. 12 and 14 are a schematic structural diagram and an electrical schematic diagram of a variation of four embodiments of the present invention, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the embodiment is a control method of a double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit on the basis of the first embodiment, and is characterized in that: the motor 3, a motor belt wheel 3.1, a transmission belt 4, a speed reducer 5, a speed reducer input belt pulley 5.1, a winding drum 5.2 and a power-off brake 5.3 are combined into a double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor driving control structure, the output torque is equivalent to the output torque of the speed reducer, a permanent magnet synchronous motor input wiring short circuit has an electric braking function, a normally closed contact is automatically closed after a normally open contact of a satellite sealing contactor KM1-2 is disconnected, three binding posts of a satellite sealing contactor KM1-2 are short-connected, an input line of the motor is automatically short-connected after the power is cut off, the power-off brake 5.3 can be replaced, a brake relay coil J3-1 is changed into a contactor coil KM1-1, and a brake relay normally open contact J3-2 is changed into a normally open contact of a satellite sealing; in the working process, the manual-automatic switch K7 is pushed to an automatic position, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a starting signal to supply power to the contactor coil KM1-1, the contactor normally-closed contact KM1-2 is opened, the input lines of the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor are separated, the contactor normally-open contact KM1-2 is closed, the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor is electrified to start to operate according to a program, the manual-automatic switch K7 is pushed to a manual position, the logic controller and information transmission module 19-4 receives a stop signal to power off the contactor coil KM1-1, the contactor KM1-2 normally-open contact is opened, the contactor KM1-2 normally-closed contact is closed, the input lines of the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor are short-circuited to stop the electric brake, and the control, and will not be described in detail.
Example five:
the structure of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment, and the attached drawings are also combined with fig. 1 to 9 and fig. 13, except that the speed reducer 5 is replaced by an automatic reversing gearbox, which is specifically explained as follows:
the first embodiment is combined, the speed reducer 5 is replaced by an automatic reversing gearbox (the principle structure is referred to the utility model automatic reversing gearbox, patent number: ZL 92233772.1), winding drums 5.2A and 5.2B are arranged on output shafts at two sides of the automatic reversing gearbox, an input shaft belt wheel 5.1 and a power-off brake 5.3 are arranged on the two input shafts in the same way as the first embodiment, the difference is the control program of a logic controller and an information transmission module 19-4 in a control cabinet, two reversing modes of mechanical reversing and electrical reversing can be selected in the parameter adjusting display screen 19-5, when mechanical reversing is selected, the logic controller and the information transmission module 19-4 in the control cabinet control the frequency converter to not output a reversing signal any more, the reversing is completed by the automatic reversing gearbox, the stroke length is determined by the diameter of a winding drum of the automatic reversing gearbox, and the stroke frequency and other control are completely the same as those of the first embodiment; when electrical reversing is selected, the stroke of the speed reducer cannot exceed the reversing stroke of the speed reducer only when the stroke is adjusted, and other steps are completely the same as those of the first embodiment and are not repeated.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two reel no beam-pumping unit and control method, including concrete foundation (1), back base (2.1), frame (2), platform (2.6), motor (3), driving belt (4), power-off brake (5.3), speed reducer (5), reel (5.2), well head load hoisting belt (6), balance box hoisting belt (7), connect balance box (12) soon, carry ware (13), wireless load sensor (14), polished rod checkpost (15), switch board (19), benchmark detection switch (10), runner displacement sensor (11), upper and lower limit switch (9, 8), control system, its characterized in that: a platform at the top of the rack is provided with a double-output-shaft speed reducer, a winding drum A and a winding drum B are respectively arranged on the double output shafts, an upper limit switch, a lower limit switch, a reference detection switch and a rotating wheel displacement sensor are arranged on a platform at the outer side of a lifting belt of the two winding drums, the front parts of the center lines of the two winding drums are connected with an underground load through a wellhead load lifting belt and a loader, the rear parts of the center lines of the two winding drums are connected with a quick-connection balancing box through a balancing box lifting belt, pulses of the rotating wheel displacement sensor are converted through a program logic controller to serve as stroke lengths, stroke adjustment and reversing are realized by matching with the reference detection switch and a; the indicator diagram is measured on line through a control system, and production parameters are automatically adjusted; one end of an input shaft of the speed reducer is provided with a power-off brake, the other end of the input shaft is provided with an input belt pulley, and the motor is connected with the input belt pulley through a transmission belt; install benchmark colour difference strip on the outside upper portion of well head load lifting belt, the stroke top dead point stopper is installed to the lower part, install stroke bottom dead point stopper in balance box lifting belt outside lower part, install benchmark detection switch on the platform of the corresponding side of well head load lifting belt, install runner displacement sensor on the platform of the corresponding side of balance box lifting belt, runner displacement sensor's runner leans on balance box lifting belt surface, the switch board is in frame rear side bottom, through the cable, the motor and the electrical component connection on the signal cable and the frame.
2. The double-drum walking beam-free pumping unit of claim 1, wherein: the motor is an asynchronous motor or a direct current motor or a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
3. The twin drum walking beam-free pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the wellhead load lifting belt and the balance box lifting belt are made of high-strength steel wire rope core polyurethane protective layers with a thickness of less than 5 mm.
4. The mechanism of claim 1, comprising an upper casing, a lower casing, a hanging pin for the upper casing, a hanging pin for the lower casing, a hanging lug, a plug board, a tension spring, a lock pin and a key.
5. The double-drum walking beam-free pumping unit of claim 1, wherein: the wellhead load lifting belts and the balance box lifting belts on the winding drum A and the winding drum B are arranged into two belts by four belts, are not fixed on the winding drum and only cover the winding drum, one end of each belt is connected with a wellhead load, and the other end of each belt is connected with a quick-connection balance box to form friction transmission.
6. The double-drum walking beam-free pumping unit of claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism consists of a motor, a transmission belt, a speed reducer and double winding drums, and also can consist of a permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor with output shafts at two ends and winding drums at two ends to replace the motor, the transmission belt, the speed reducer and the double winding drums.
7. The double-drum walking beam-free pumping unit of claim 1, wherein: the quick-connection balancing box comprises a balancing box upper box body (12.1-1), a balancing box lower box body (12.1-11), upper hanging pins (12.1-2), lower hanging pins (12.1-6), hanging lugs (12.1-5), push plates (12.1-8), tension springs (12.1-4), lock pins (12.1-10), guide keys (12.1-7) and lock pin holes (12.1-9), wherein the balancing box upper box body and the balancing box lower box body are rectangular bodies, two symmetrical upper hanging pins are arranged on two sides of the lower part of the balancing box upper box body, two symmetrical hanging lugs sleeved with the lower hanging pins of the balancing box lower box body are hung on the upper hanging pins, a push plate is arranged between the lower parts of the two hanging lugs, a long hole is longitudinally arranged in the middle of the push plate, a guide key fixed on the balancing box lower box body is arranged in the lower end hole of the long hole, the upper top surface side of the push plate is vertically provided with a guide plate, the central line of the guide plate is provided with a long-strip-shaped lock pin hole, the other side of the upper top surface of the push plate, which corresponds to the lock pin hole, is provided with a pin shaft, one end of the pin shaft is sleeved in the lock pin hole, the other end of the pin shaft is fixed with a fixed plate on the lower box body of the balance box, a hanging lug and an upper hanging pin are separated when the guide key is arranged at the upper end of the long-strip-shaped hole, the upper box body of the balance box is separated from the lower box body of the balance box, and the upper box body.
8. A control method of a double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit is characterized by comprising the following steps: the electrical control system of claim 1 comprises a control cabinet, a motor, a power-off brake, a rotating wheel displacement sensor, a limit switch and a circuit control, when the double-drum walking-beam-free pumping unit operates, a total power-on switch (K1), a control power switch (K2), a fan switch (K3) and a heater switch (K4) are powered on the control cabinet (19), if the temperature in summer exceeds 35 ℃, a high-temperature detection switch (TK 1) is switched on, a logic controller and an information transmission module (19-4) receive a high-temperature signal to supply power to a fan relay coil (J1-1), close a fan relay normally-open contact (J1-2), and start working of a fan (19-8) to ventilate and cool the control cabinet; if the temperature is lower than 0 ℃ in winter, the low-temperature detection switch (TK 2) is switched on, the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4) receive a low-temperature signal to supply power to the heater relay coil (J2-1), the normally open contact (J2-2) of the heater relay is closed, and the heater (19-7) starts to work to heat and preserve heat for the control cabinet; the perfect temperature control measures ensure that the electric elements can work normally in the environment of hot summer or severe cold; at the moment, assuming that a balance box (12) is arranged at the lower part of a rack, a manual-automatic change-over switch (K7) is turned to a manual position, a remote local change-over switch (K8) is turned to a local position, a downlink command switch (K6) is pressed, a logic controller and information transmission module (19-4) receives a downlink signal and supplies power to a power-off brake relay coil (J3-1), a power-off brake relay normally-open contact (J3-2) is closed to supply power to a power-off brake (5.3), the power-off brake (5.3) is released by power supply, the logic controller and information transmission module (19-4) supply a downlink signal to a frequency converter (19-3), the motor (3) is positively rotated by power supply, a belt wheel (3.1) of the motor (3) drives an input shaft belt wheel (5.1) of a speed reducer (5) to rotate through a transmission belt (4), and winding drums (5.2) on two side output shafts of the speed reducer, the balance box lifting belt (7) is rolled up, the quick connection balance box (7) ascends, the wellhead load lifting belt (6) is released, a standard color difference strip (6.2) on the outer surface of the wellhead load lifting belt (6) passes through the standard detection switch (10) in the releasing process, the standard detection switch (10) sends a pulse signal to the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4), the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4) start to record the displacement pulse number sent by the rotating wheel displacement sensor (11) close to the surface of the balance box lifting belt (7) and convert the displacement pulse number into a length unit to be displayed on the parameter adjustment display screen (19-5), when the polished rod runs to the bottom dead center position marked by oil well professionals, the downlink instruction switch (K6) is released, the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4) receive a stop signal and give a power-off signal to the power-off brake relay coil (J3-1), a normally open contact (J3-2) of a relay of the power-off brake is opened, the power-off brake (5.3) is powered off, the input shaft of the speed reducer (5) is embraced by the brake, the balance box (7) stops moving, at the moment, a stroke bottom dead center limiting block (7.1) on a lifting belt (7) of the balance box is fixed at a position 20 cm away from a lower limiting switch (8), the stroke bottom dead center limiting block (7.1) on the lifting belt (7) of the balance box exceeds the lower dead center by 20 cm and touches the lower limiting switch (8), the lower limiting switch (8) sends an over-stroke signal to a logic controller and an information transmission module (19-4), and a next stroke logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4) shorten the control by 20 cm to operate, so as to ensure that the stroke operation does not exceed the position; at this time, the displacement from the reference to the bottom dead center display is input on the parameter adjustment display screen (19-5), the input displacement from the reference to the bottom dead center display is subtracted from the total stroke, and the displacement from the reference to the top dead center is input; then switching a manual-automatic change-over switch (K7) to an automatic position, pressing an up-going command switch (K5), starting the up-going of the wellhead load lifting belt (6), switching the manual-automatic change-over switch (K7) to a manual position when the total stroke length is observed from a parameter adjustment display screen (19-5), stopping the operation of the wellhead load lifting belt (6), fixing a stroke top dead center limiting block (6.1) on the wellhead load lifting belt (6) at a position 20 cm away from an upper limiting switch (9), switching the manual-automatic change-over switch (K7) to an automatic position, recording the current position of a stroke by a logic controller and information transmission module (19-4), starting the up-down operation according to the stroke length and stroke frequency information specified by a program, and in the up-down process, due to the fact that the load drags the motor (3) to operate when the stroke end is about to come, at the moment, the energy feedback unit (19-9) feeds the electricity generated by the motor (3) back to the power grid to realize energy-saving operation; then a (K8) remote local change-over switch (K8) is changed to a remote position, a wireless load sensor (14) starts to communicate with a logic controller and an information transmission module (19-4) to transmit real-time load data, the collected information of stroke, stroke frequency, load, current, voltage and the like is transmitted by the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4) through an antenna (19-6) and a remote monitoring control terminal (19-10), the remote monitoring control terminal (19-10) determines an ID code for the oil pumping unit, rated load, stroke frequency and unilateral lifting force parameters of the oil pumping unit are input into the terminal, the real-time load, stroke frequency and unilateral lifting force parameters transmitted in site are stored into a data packet of the ID code, a power diagram is drawn through a program, frequency adjustment data of the stroke frequency can be added to the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4) according to the area of the power diagram, the pumping unit operates according to the received frequency, and the rated load, stroke frequency and unilateral lifting force are compared, so that the yield is increased in time and the operation of the pumping unit parameters is not exceeded; if the indicator diagram analyzes that the liquid shortage condition occurs, the terminal can find in time that the frequency adjustment data of the stroke frequency is reduced for the logic controller and the information transmission module (19-4), the pumping unit reduces the stroke frequency according to the received frequency and operates until the indicator diagram is normal, the stroke frequency is automatically adjusted according to the oil quantity of the oil well, the output of extra work is saved, and the analysis and adjustment are timely and accurate.
9. The method of controlling a twin-drum walking beam-free pumping unit according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: a motor (3), a motor belt wheel (3.1), a transmission belt (4), a speed reducer (5), a speed reducer input belt wheel (5.1), a winding drum (5.2) and a power-off brake (5.3) are combined into a double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous large-torque motor driving control structure, the output torque is the same as that of the speed reducer, an input wiring short circuit of the permanent magnet synchronous motor has an electric braking function, after a normally open contact of a star-sealing contactor (KM 1-2) is disconnected, the normally closed contact is automatically closed, three binding posts of the satellite-sealing contactor (KM 1-2) are in short circuit, the input line is automatically in short circuit after the motor is powered off, the brake can replace (5.3) a power-off brake, a brake relay coil (J3-1) is changed into a contactor coil (KM 1-1), and a brake relay normally open contact (J3-2) is changed into a normally open contact of a satellite-sealed contactor (KM 1-2); in the working process, a manual-automatic switch (K7) is pushed to an automatic position, a logic controller and information transmission module (19-4) receives a starting signal and supplies power to a contactor coil (KM 1-1), a contactor normally-closed contact (KM 1-2) is opened, the input lines of a double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous high-torque motor are separated, a contactor normally-open contact (KM 1-2) is closed, the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous high-torque motor is electrified and starts to operate according to a program, the manual-automatic switch (K7) is pushed to a manual position, the logic controller and information transmission module (19-4) receives a stop signal and cuts off the power of the contactor coil (KM 1-1), the contactor normally-open contact (KM 1-2) is opened, the contactor (KM 1-2) is closed, the input lines of the double-output-shaft permanent magnet synchronous high-torque motor are short-circuited to generate, the lower control method is the same as that in claim 6 and is not described in detail.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control of the reversing mode is performed by selecting two types of mechanical reversing and electrical reversing from a parameter adjusting display screen in the control cabinet, the mechanical reversing uses an automatic reversing gearbox, and the electrical reversing is performed by a control program of the logic controller and the information transmission module to control the frequency converter to reverse.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011063633.9A CN112502669A (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2020-10-01 | Double-drum non-beam pumping unit and control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011063633.9A CN112502669A (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2020-10-01 | Double-drum non-beam pumping unit and control method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113445991A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-28 | 中油智采(天津)科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence single-machine multi-well oil pumping machine monitoring method, system and storage medium |
| CN113958288A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-21 | 北京腾控科技有限公司 | Programmable oil well head controller and control method thereof |
| CN114645694A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-06-21 | 山东胜信石油装备有限公司 | Vertical oil pumping machine capable of automatically adjusting stroke frequency and balancing |
| CN115559693A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-03 | 山东胜信石油装备有限公司 | Pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping machine |
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2020
- 2020-10-01 CN CN202011063633.9A patent/CN112502669A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113445991A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-28 | 中油智采(天津)科技有限公司 | Artificial intelligence single-machine multi-well oil pumping machine monitoring method, system and storage medium |
| CN113958288A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-21 | 北京腾控科技有限公司 | Programmable oil well head controller and control method thereof |
| CN113958288B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-12-08 | 北京腾控科技有限公司 | Programmable oil well wellhead controller and control method thereof |
| CN114645694A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-06-21 | 山东胜信石油装备有限公司 | Vertical oil pumping machine capable of automatically adjusting stroke frequency and balancing |
| CN114645694B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-07-19 | 山东胜信石油装备有限公司 | Vertical oil pumping machine capable of automatically adjusting stroke frequency and balancing |
| CN115559693A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-03 | 山东胜信石油装备有限公司 | Pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping machine |
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