CN115559693A - Pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping machine - Google Patents
Pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN115559693A CN115559693A CN202211397309.XA CN202211397309A CN115559693A CN 115559693 A CN115559693 A CN 115559693A CN 202211397309 A CN202211397309 A CN 202211397309A CN 115559693 A CN115559693 A CN 115559693A
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/02—Rod or cable suspensions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/1004—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with pulleys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction equipment, and relates to a pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping unit, which comprises: the invention relates to a balance belt, which comprises a frame, a base and a split balance box, wherein a double-acting roller is arranged on the side of a wellhead at the top of the frame, a large torque motor is arranged at the rear part of the frame, the large torque motor drives the double-acting roller through a synchronous belt pulley and a synchronous belt, a pulley type balance roller is arranged in the middle of a shaft of the double-acting roller, lifting rollers are arranged on two sides of the shaft of the double-acting roller, a balance belt is covered on the pulley type balance roller, the front end of the pulley type balance roller is connected with a polished rod hanger, the rear end of the pulley type balance roller is connected with the balance box, a wellhead load lifting belt and one end of the balance box lifting belt are respectively fixed on the two lifting rollers, and the other end of the wellhead load lifting belt is correspondingly connected with the polished rod hanger and the balance box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to a pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping unit.
Background
The pumping unit is an oil field lifting oil extraction device, wherein the load bearing transmission parts of the winding type walking-beam-free pumping unit mainly comprise a steel wire rope, a steel wire rope core lifting belt and a fiber core lifting belt, the steel wire rope is used as a load bearing part of the vertical pumping unit, and the corrosion life of the steel wire rope is generally not more than three years due to rain and snow in the field environment; steel wire rope core lifting belt and fibre core lifting belt are because the rope core receives the overburden protection, the condition that is corroded the damage by field environment sleet improves, nevertheless the lifting belt uses must range upon range of winding, its intensity is selected thickness when satisfying the condition of load and is all more than 10mm, well head polished rod projection circle diameter that the trade required has been surpassed at the diameter of reel after the winding, need to increase centering in order to satisfy the well head centering and right the cylinder, the lifting belt causes the driving surface number of times of buckling that the lifting belt contacted through righting the cylinder operation and increases, 50% of service life of lifting belt has been shortened. The most advanced PU steel wire rope core lifting belt at present abroad is used, the thickness can reach 5mm, a single steel wire rope core is only dozens of thin wires, the flexibility is good, the bending resistance is good, the PU steel wire rope core can be directly wound on a roller in a stacking mode, the industrial requirement that the diameter of a wellhead polished rod projection circle is not exceeded is met, and the bearing load corresponding to the width size of the existing product cannot meet the parameter requirement of a medium-sized or large-sized pumping unit. The oil pumping unit wound with the lifting load has the advantages that the oil well maintenance, load removal and load unloading mechanism does not need to be added independently, the oil well blockage solving capability is high in short time during operation, the roller and the lifting belt do not have slip, the energy saving performance is good, the load losing protection is easy to realize, and the like, and the oil pumping unit is an excellent oil pumping equipment type. But because the thickness of the domestic lifting belt is large, the service life of the lifting belt is reduced by adding the centering roller for ensuring the centering of a wellhead; the thin import PU steel wire rope core lifting belt of high strength thickness can satisfy the well head to the requirement of neutrality, but satisfies the width dimension product of intensity and can not cover. Because the technical bottlenecks obstruct the development of the medium and large-sized winding type lifting vertical pumping unit, the vertical pumping unit which can not only realize lifting transmission but also meet the high-reliability structure is urgently needed.
A friction-driven vertical pumping unit is typically a walking-beam-free pumping unit with friction-driven roller and rubber belt. The fiber core rubber belt is large in bearing capacity and good in flexibility, the statistical service life of the fiber core rubber belt is more than ten years, but the fiber core rubber belt is large in elongation rate, the fiber core rubber belt is used as a friction transmission part and is brushed on a roller, one end of the fiber core rubber belt bears the weight of an oil pumping rod and a liquid column in a well, and the other end of the fiber core rubber belt bears the weight of a balance box. The load is maximum due to the action of the liquid column on the oil pump when the pumping unit ascends, the load of the liquid column is removed by opening the oil pump when the pumping unit descends, and the downward load of the wellhead is minimum due to the buoyancy of the pumping rod in the oil pipe. Under the condition of the alternating load, when the fiber core rubber belt goes upwards, the side of the roller close to the well head is stressed the most and the elongation is the most, when the fiber core rubber belt passes through the roller and reaches the side of the balancing box through friction transmission, because the weight of the balancing box is less than about 1/2 of the weight of the liquid column at the well head side, the tensile force of the fiber core rubber belt is reduced, and the fiber core rubber belt generates rebound to generate twisting noise when just leaving the contact surface of the roller; when the pumping unit descends, the weight of a wellhead side is less than about 1/2 of the weight of a liquid column of the balance box, the elongation of a fiber core rubber belt stretched by the balance box is greater than that of the wellhead side, and the rubber belt is rebounded to generate rubbing noise when just leaving a roller contact surface after passing through the roller to the wellhead side through friction transmission; the oil pumping unit operates in the extending and shortening states repeatedly, so that the overall efficiency of the oil pumping unit is reduced. And because friction drive also can not directly lift the weight box and relieve the well head load and carry out the operation maintenance, independent systems such as the electric block, the lifting screw rod, the unloading belt of independent additional lifting weight box must accomplish the beam-pumping unit and pick up the string load. The wound-type lifting pumping unit can perform motor stall braking by detecting the loss of load of a wellhead, so that the balance box slowly falls down, and the friction type transmission can only increase an independent balance box catching mechanism.
The pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical pumping unit is creatively provided to solve the problems that a middle-sized and large-sized winding type non-beam pumping unit is difficult to manufacture due to the technical parameter bottleneck of a bearing part, the expansion energy loss of a friction transmission belt of a friction transmission pumping unit is large, noise is generated, an independent lifting mechanism is additionally arranged for removing and hanging loads, and a catching mechanism is independently added for losing load protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping unit, which solves the problem that the winding lifting oil pumping unit is difficult to develop to a compact medium-sized and large-sized oil pumping unit; the problems that the friction type transmission walking-beam-free pumping unit load belt and a roller are rubbed and rubbed to reduce transmission efficiency and generate noise and the problems that the load shedding needs to be independently increased and the load loss protection catching structure needs to be independently increased are solved; the vertical pumping unit has the advantages of high safety factor, high transmission efficiency, low noise, convenient maintenance and load removal of a wellhead and capability of carrying out load loss protection by braking.
The invention comprises the following steps: base, frame, last balance box, polished rod hanger, left balance box promote the belt, right balance box promote the belt, left load promote the belt, right load promote belt, balanced belt, double-acting cylinder down, and double-acting cylinder includes: balance cylinder fixing bearing seat, left side promote cylinder, balance cylinder, right side promote cylinder, balance cylinder fixing bearing, double action cylinder drive shaft, promotion cylinder fixed key, in addition still include: the system comprises a driven synchronous belt wheel, a synchronous belt, a driving synchronous belt wheel, a large-torque motor, a power-off brake, a guardrail, a diagonal draw bar, an absolute value encoder, a lower stroke limit switch, an upper stroke limit switch, a cable and a control cabinet; the double-acting roller and the large-torque motor are arranged at the top of the frame in parallel, the driving synchronous pulley is arranged on an output shaft of the large-torque motor, the power-off brake and the absolute value encoder are arranged at the tail end of the large-torque motor, the driven synchronous pulley is arranged at one end of a driving shaft of the double-acting roller, and the synchronous belt is arranged on the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley; an upper balance box and a lower balance box are arranged in a rack, a double-acting roller is arranged on the well head side of the top of the rack, a large-torque motor is arranged on the rear part of the top of the rack in parallel with the double-acting roller, a power-off brake and an absolute value encoder are arranged on a tail end shaft of the large-torque motor, a driving synchronous pulley is arranged on an output shaft, a driven synchronous pulley is arranged at one end of the double-acting roller through a key, a synchronous belt is arranged between the driving synchronous pulley and the driven synchronous pulley, a pulley type balance roller is arranged between double-acting roller driving shafts of the double-acting roller through a balance roller fixed bearing, a left lifting roller is arranged on a left double-acting roller driving shaft on the left side of the pulley type balance roller through a lifting roller fixed key, a right lifting roller is arranged on a pulley type balance roller right double-acting roller driving shaft through a lifting roller fixed bearing, a balance roller fixed bearing is arranged on the outer ring of the balance roller fixed bearing, the double-acting roller is arranged on the top of the rack through a balance roller fixed bearing, a balance belt is covered on the pulley type balance roller, the front end is connected with a polished rod hanger, the rear end is connected with the upper balance box, one end of a left load lifting belt, and the inner side of the left lifting roller hanger is correspondingly connected with the left lifting roller hanger; one end of the right load lifting belt is fixed at the inner side of the right lifting roller, and the other end of the right load lifting belt is correspondingly connected with the polished rod hanger; left balance box promotes belt one end and fixes in the outside that promotes the cylinder on a left side, and the balance box is connected in the other end correspondence, and right balance box promotes the outside that belt one end was fixed on right promotion cylinder, and the balance box is connected in the other end correspondence. A stroke lower limit switch is installed on the upper portion of the rack, a stroke upper limit switch is installed on the lower portion of the rack, cables are connected between the control cabinet and the electric appliances, and the control cabinet is installed on one side of the rack.
The dual acting drum comprising: the balance roller, the left lifting roller, the right lifting roller and the balance roller fixed bearing are arranged in the middle of the double-acting roller driving shaft, the balance roller fixed bearing seats and the balance roller fixed bearing are arranged at two ends of the double-acting roller driving shaft, the balance roller fixed bearing is arranged between the balance roller and the double-acting roller driving shaft, and the left lifting roller and the right lifting roller are fixed with the double-acting roller driving shaft through lifting roller fixed keys.
The balance drum is covered with a balance belt, the left lifting drum is wound with the left load lifting belt in the forward direction and wound with the left balance box lifting belt in the reverse direction, and the right lifting drum is wound with the right load lifting belt in the forward direction and wound with the right balance box lifting belt in the reverse direction.
The front end of the balance belt is fixed on the polished rod hanger, and the rear end of the balance belt is fixed on the upper balance box; one end of a left load lifting belt is fixed on the inner side of the left lifting roller, and the other end of the left load lifting belt is fixed on the polished rod hanger; one end of a right load lifting belt is fixed on the inner side of the right lifting roller, and the other end of the right load lifting belt is fixed on the polished rod hanger; left balance box promotes belt one end and fixes in the left lifting roller outside, and the other end is fixed on last balance box, and right balance box promotes belt one end and fixes in the right lifting roller outside, and the other end is fixed on last balance box.
The winding mode of the lifting belt can be a mode of stacking left and right load lifting belts and left and right balance box lifting belts which are wound in a positive and negative mode, or a winding mode of arranging steel wire ropes in a row in a transverse mode, and the positions of the left and right load lifting belts and the positions of the left and right balance box lifting belts in the inner side and the outer side of the left and right lifting rollers can be interchanged.
The synchronous belt is a synchronous belt or a chain or a V-shaped belt or a gear mesh transmission.
The wellhead load lifting belt and the balancing box lifting belt are belts or steel wire ropes.
The synchronous belt is a synchronous belt or a chain or a V-shaped belt or a gear mesh transmission.
The control cabinet is internally provided with a power switch, a control loop switch, a parameter adjusting module, a program logic controller PLC, a power-off brake contactor coil, an uplink starting button, a downlink starting button, an operation stopping button, a frequency converter and an energy feedback unit, wherein the power switch is connected with a corresponding interface of the circuit; the corresponding interface of the circuit in the control cabinet is connected with the motor, the power-off brake, the absolute value encoder, the lower stroke limit switch and the upper stroke limit switch by cables.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the problem of the whole effects of current vertical beam-pumping unit heavy load that twines and promote on the lifting belt is solved, the lifting belt is in order to satisfy the intensity requirement and thickness is greater than more than 15mm, twine two-layer standard requirement that will surpass well head projection circle, for well head centering not eccentric wear well head increases the roller of rightting again, cause the lifting belt thick not anti flex and the complete machine life-span is not long, increase the roller of righting and increased the number of times of flexure and folded the loss life-span once more, thereby the technical bottleneck of the beam-pumping unit of big model in the vertical beam-pumping unit of winding promotion manufacturing has been produced. The pulley type balance roller and the balance belt of the double-acting roller effectively bear the large load of the wellhead and the weight box, and the wellhead load lifting belt and the balance box lifting belt only bear the liquid column load; the balance belt is not wound on the pulley type balance roller in a covering manner, so that a fiber core rubber belt can be adopted, the thickness is large, the strength is high, and the requirement on a well head is met; the hoisting belt adopts a thin core steel wire rope with an imported high-strength PU protective layer, the thickness of the steel wire rope is within 5mm, and the steel wire rope cannot exceed the standard requirement of a wellhead projection circle within three layers of winding; the technical bottleneck that the winding type lifting vertical pumping unit is difficult to manufacture large and medium models is effectively solved.
2. The roller of the friction type transmission oil pumping unit and a load belt directly rub to drive load difference, when the load belt passes through the roller due to the load difference, the elongation is large while the load is large, and the expansion amount is small while the load belt runs to a small load, so that the capacity loss and the noise generated when the load belt rebounds to knock the roller are caused, and the load belt is bruised or layered due to long-term friction driving; in order to solve the problems, the balance roller is arranged on a driving shaft of a double-acting roller through a balance roller fixed bearing, a balance belt is covered on the balance roller, the surface of the balance roller and the contact surface of the balance belt synchronously move without driving action, and the damage of friction driving to a load belt is avoided; tight limit and loose limit do not exist in the balanced belt, and the belt atress on cylinder both sides is unanimous, has avoided the noise that produces and the energy loss that causes when belt loose limit and tight limit change through the cylinder.
3. The problem of the load of putting off and hanging of beam-pumping unit need not just can be realized through plus power device to the beam-pumping unit is solved, the big torque motor of production in the industry mostly possesses the overload capacity of short time, consequently according to the weight of the upper and lower balance box of the reasonable ratio of aboveground parameter, when putting off and hanging the load, will pull down the balance box, the balance box promotes the belt and only drives the operation of balance box, utilize the overload operating characteristic of motor, directly promote to put off and hang the load, the additional load device expense of putting off and hanging has been saved, the more compact transportation of being convenient for of beam-pumping unit structure.
4. The invention can detect and brake in real time when the load of the oil rod hung on the wellhead hanger is broken, and the weight box stops falling through the stop of the transmission chain, thereby solving the problems that the friction type walking-beam-free pumping unit loses connection with the roller when the load of the oil rod hung on the wellhead hanger is broken, and the brake roller can not pull the weight box to prevent quick falling even if the motor stops rotating and brakes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pumping unit according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a side view of the pumping unit of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a front view of the pumping unit of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drive connection of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a double-acting drum according to the present invention
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the structure of a double-acting roller
FIG. 7 is the electrical control schematic diagram of the pumping unit
In fig. 1-4: 1. the automatic balance type hydraulic lifting device comprises a base, 2 parts of a rack, 3-1 parts of an upper balance box, 3-2 parts of a lower balance box, 4 parts of a polished rod hanger, 5-1 parts of a left balance box lifting belt, 5-2 parts of a right balance box lifting belt, 6-1 parts of a left load lifting belt, 6-2 parts of a right load lifting belt, 7 parts of a balance belt, 8 parts of a double-acting roller, 9 parts of a driven synchronous belt wheel, 10 parts of a synchronous belt, 11 parts of a driving synchronous belt wheel, 12 parts of a large-torque motor, 13 parts of an electric brake, 14 parts of a guardrail, 15 parts of a diagonal draw bar, 16 parts of an absolute value encoder, 17 parts of a stroke lower limit switch, 18 parts of a stroke upper limit switch, 19 parts of a cable and 20 parts of an electric control cabinet.
In fig. 5-6: 8-1, a balance roller fixed bearing seat, 8-2, a left lifting roller, 8-3, a balance roller, 8-4, a right lifting roller, 8-5, a balance roller fixed bearing, 8-6, a balance roller fixed bearing, 8-7, a double-acting roller driving shaft and 8-8, a lifting roller fixed key.
In fig. 7: 20-1 parts of a power switch, 20-2 parts of a control loop switch, 20-3 parts of a parameter adjusting module, 20-4 parts of a program logic controller PLC,20-5 parts of a power-off brake contactor, 20-5-1 parts of a power-off brake contactor coil, 20-6 parts of an uplink starting button, 20-7 parts of a downlink starting button, 20-8 parts of an operation stopping button, 20-9 parts of a frequency converter and 20-10 parts of an energy feedback unit.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the features and technical solutions of the present invention, as well as the objects and functions attained by the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the technical solution of the present invention is:
a pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical pumping unit comprises: the base 1, the frame 2, go up balance box 3-1, lower balance box 3-2, polished rod hanger 4, left balance box lifting belt 5-1, right balance box lifting belt 5-2, left load lifting belt 6-1, right load lifting belt 6-2, balance belt 7, two effect cylinders 8, two effect rolls 8 include: balance roller fixed bearing seat 8-1, left lifting roller 8-2, balance roller 8-3, right lifting roller 8-4, balance roller fixed bearing 8-5, balance roller fixed bearing 8-6, double-acting roller drive shaft 8-7, lifting roller fixed key 8-8, in addition still include: the double-acting torque motor control system comprises a driven synchronous pulley 9, a synchronous belt 10, a driving synchronous pulley 11, a large-torque motor 12, a power-off brake 13, a guardrail 14, a diagonal draw bar 15, an absolute value encoder 16, a lower stroke limit switch 17, an upper stroke limit switch 18, a cable 19 and a control cabinet 20, and is characterized in that the double-acting roller 8 and the large-torque motor 12 are arranged at the top of a rack 2 in parallel, the driving synchronous pulley 11 is arranged on an output shaft of the large-torque motor 12, the driven synchronous pulley 9 is arranged at one end of a double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7 of the double-acting roller 8, and the synchronous belt 10 is arranged on the driving synchronous pulley 11 and the driven synchronous pulley 9; an upper balance box 3-1 and a lower balance box 3-2 are arranged in a frame 2, a double-acting roller 8 is arranged at the top well mouth side of the frame 2, a large torque motor 12 is arranged at the rear part of the top of the frame 2 in parallel, a power-off brake 13 and an absolute value encoder 16 are arranged on a tail end shaft of the large torque motor 12, a driving synchronous pulley 11 is arranged on an output shaft, a synchronous belt 10 is arranged between the driving synchronous pulley 11 and a driven synchronous pulley 9, a pulley type balance roller 8-3 is arranged between double-acting roller driving shafts 8-7 of the double-acting roller 8 through a balance roller fixed bearing 8-6, a left lifting roller 8-2 is arranged on the left double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7 of the pulley type balance roller 8-3 through a lifting roller fixed key 8-8, a right lifting roller 8-4 is arranged on a double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7 on the right side of a pulley type balance roller 8-3 through a lifting roller fixed key 8-8, a balance roller fixed bearing 8-5 is arranged on the double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7 on the outer sides of a left lifting roller 8-2 and the right lifting roller 8-4, a balance roller fixed bearing seat 8-1 is arranged on the outer ring of the balance roller fixed bearing 8-5, the double-acting roller 8 is arranged on the top of a frame 2 through a balance roller fixed bearing seat 8-1, a balance belt 7 is covered on the pulley type balance roller 8-3, the front end is connected with a polished rod hanger 4, the rear end is connected with an upper balance box 3-1, one end of a left load lifting belt 6-1 is fixed on the inner side of the left lifting roller 8-2, and the other end is correspondingly connected with the polished rod hanger 4; one end of a right load lifting belt 6-2 is fixed on the inner side of a right lifting roller 8-4, and the other end is correspondingly connected with a polished rod hanger 4; one end of a left balance box lifting belt 5-1 is fixed on the outer side of a left lifting roller 8-2, the other end of the left balance box lifting belt is correspondingly connected with an upper balance box 3-1, one end of a right balance box lifting belt 5-2 is fixed on the outer side of a right lifting roller 8-4, and the other end of the right balance box lifting belt is correspondingly connected with the upper balance box 3-1. A stroke lower limit switch 17 is arranged at the upper part of the frame, a stroke upper limit switch 18 is arranged at the lower part of the frame, cables 19 are connected between the control cabinet and each electric appliance, and the control cabinet 20 is arranged at one side of the frame 1.
The control cabinet 20 is internally provided with a power switch 20-1 connected with a corresponding interface of a circuit, a control loop switch 20-2, a parameter adjusting module 20-3, a program logic controller PLC20-4, a power-off brake contactor 20-5, a power-off brake contactor coil 20-5-1, an uplink starting button 20-6, a downlink starting button 20-7, an operation stopping button 20-8, a frequency converter 20-9 and an energy feedback unit 20-10, wherein the corresponding interface of the circuit in the control cabinet 20 is connected with a large-torque motor 12, a power-off brake 13, an absolute value encoder 16, a lower stroke limit switch 17 and an upper stroke limit switch 18 through cables 19.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower stroke limit switch 17 corresponds to the lowest position of the polished rod entering the oil well, and the lower stroke limit switch 17 disconnects a signal to the PLC20-4 and the plcc 20-4, so that the PLC is the starting point of the recording pulse signal; the upper limit switch 18 of the stroke corresponds to the highest position of the oil well lifted by the polish rod, the upper limit switch 18 of the stroke cuts off the signal to the PLC20-4, and the PLC20-4 records the end point of the pulse signal; the absolute value encoder 16 provides a positive and negative rotation signal and a pulse number for the PLC20-4, the PLC20-4 judges that the rotation direction of the absolute value encoder 16 from a starting point to an end point is reverse rotation, the recorded pulse data is gradually increased, and the pulse data reaches the maximum value when the upper stroke limit switch 18 is switched off to provide the signal for the PLC 20-4; the PLC20-4 judges that the direction of rotation of the absolute value encoder 16 from the end point to the initial point is positive rotation, the recorded pulse data is gradually reduced, and the pulse data reaches zero when the stroke lower limit switch 17 is disconnected to send signals to the PLC 20-4; the distance between the stroke lower limit switch 7 and the stroke upper limit switch 18 is a fixed value, the pulse number PLC20-4 between the stroke lower limit switch and the stroke upper limit switch is recorded, the PLC20-4 can calculate the pulse number corresponding to the unit length, each numerical value corresponds to a physical point of a stroke, the PLC20-4 can send a forward and reverse rotation signal according to the input stroke numerical value, and the frequency converter 20-9 is controlled to output currents with different phase sequences to enable the motor to rotate forward and reverse, so that the purpose of reciprocating operation of the oil pumping unit according to the set stroke is achieved.
The parameter adjusting module 20-3 inputs the length value which is more than 0 of the lower limit and less than the maximum length value of the upper limit, so that the pumping unit operates between the set upper stroke point and the set lower stroke point, and the stroke parameter adjustment without stopping is conveniently realized.
As shown in figures 1, 5 and 6, when the device runs, assuming that the stroke is at the bottom dead center position, a power switch 20-1 and a control loop switch 20-2 of a control cabinet 20 are switched on, an up starting button 20-6 is pressed to give a starting signal to a program logic controller PLC20-4, the program logic controller PLC20-4 supplies power to a contactor coil 20-5-1 of a power-off brake, a normally open contact of the power-off brake contactor 20-5 is switched on, a power-off brake 13 is switched on, meanwhile, the program logic controller PLC20-4 gives a reverse starting signal to a frequency converter 20-9, the frequency converter 20-9 gives a power supply with a reverse phase sequence to a large-torque motor 12, a driving synchronous pulley 11 on the large-torque motor 12 drives a driven synchronous pulley 9 to rotate anticlockwise through a synchronous belt 10, and as the driving synchronous pulley 11, a left lifting roller 8-2 and a right lifting roller 8-4 are all fixed on a double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7, when the driven synchronous belt wheel 9 rotates, the left lifting roller 8-2 and the right lifting roller 8-4 also rotate in the same direction and at the same speed, the inner side left load lifting belt 6-1 fixed on the left lifting roller 8-2 and the inner side right load lifting belt 6-2 fixed on the right lifting roller 8-4 are simultaneously wound, simultaneously, the left balance box lifting belt 5-1 and the right balance box lifting belt 5-2 are released from the left lifting roller 8-2 and the right lifting roller 8-4, the load difference between a lifting wellhead and the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 is increased, a polish rod moves upwards, the load weight of an oil well is greater than that of the balance box, the large torque motor 12 rotates reversely, and an absolute value encoder 16 arranged at the tail part of the large torque motor gives a displacement signal to a program logic controller PLC20-4, when the displacement recorded by the program logic controller PLC20-4 reaches the top dead center of the set stroke, a forward rotation signal is given to the frequency converter 20-9, the high-torque motor 12 starts to operate in a forward rotation mode, the left balance box lifting belt 5-1 fixed on the outer side of the left lifting roller 8-2 and the right balance box lifting belt 5-2 fixed on the outer side of the right lifting roller 8-4 are wound simultaneously, the left load lifting belt 6-1 and the right load lifting belt 6-2 going down the polished rod are released from the lifting rollers, the polished rod goes down, the load weight of the down oil well is smaller than that of the balance box, the difference value between the weight of the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 and the load of the oil well is lifted, when the displacement recorded by the program logic controller PLC20-4 reaches the bottom dead center of the set stroke, a reverse rotation signal is given to the frequency converter 20-9, the high-torque motor 12 starts to operate in a reverse rotation mode, and starts to operate in an upward mode, and the reciprocating oil pumping motion of the oil pump is completed in cycles. When the pumping unit needs to be stopped, an operation stop button 20-8 in the control cabinet 20 is pressed, the program logic controller PLC20-4 cuts off the power of the coil 20-5-1 of the contactor of the power-off brake, the normally open contact of the contactor 20-5 of the power-off brake is disconnected, the power-off brake 13 is powered off, meanwhile, the program logic controller PLC20-4 gives a stop signal to the frequency converter 20-9, the frequency converter 20-9 stops the current output motor from stopping, and the pumping unit stops operating.
One end of a balance belt 7 is fixed on an upper balance box 3-1 and then covered on a fixed seat polished rod hanger 4 at the other end behind a balance roller 8-3 of a double-acting roller 8, so that the upper balance box 3-1, the lower balance box 3-2, the balance belt 7, the balance roller 8-3 and oil well loads form a counterweight balance system, the balance roller 8-3 is arranged on a double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7 through a balance roller fixed bearing 8-6, the balance roller 8-3 can rotate around the driving shaft 8-7 of the double-acting roller 8, and the left balance box lifting belt 5-1 and the right balance box lifting belt 5-2 are out of synchronism with the balance belt 7 or the left load lifting belt 6-1 and the right load lifting belt 6-2 on the lifting rollers due to overlapping winding or unwinding of the balance rollers 8-3 which are equivalent to pulleys.
The force of the left balance box lifting belt 5-1 and the right balance box lifting belt 5-2 for lifting the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 and the force of the left load lifting belt 6-1 and the right load lifting belt 6-2 for lifting the oil well load connected with the polished rod hanger 4 are only the difference value of the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 and the oil well downlink load, the bearing weight of the wellhead load and the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 are borne by the balance belt 7, so that the left balance box lifting belt 5-1, the right balance box lifting belt 5-2, the left load lifting belt 6-1 and the right load lifting belt 6-2 are responsible for lifting the load difference, the balance belt 7 is responsible for bearing the load, the service life of the lifting belts is prolonged, and the balance belt 7 and the balance roller 8 are not in friction transmission, thereby avoiding the rubbing noise.
When the load of a wellhead needs to be removed to maintain an oil well, the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 run to the bottom of the frame 2, the left balance box lifting belt 5-1 and the right balance box lifting belt 5-2 are stopped when loosened, the connection between the upper balance box 3-1 and the lower balance box 3-2 is disconnected, the pumping unit is driven to run to be close to a bottom dead center by pressing the start button 20-7, the pumping unit is stopped by pressing the stop button 20-8, the polished rod clamp is installed at the wellhead, then the start button 20-7 is continuously pressed to be connected with the left load lifting belt 6-1 and the right load lifting belt 6-2, the pumping unit is stopped after being loosened, the polished rod hanger 4 is disconnected from the polished rod, and the load removal of the wellhead is completed. Pressing an up starting button 20-6 to move the pumping unit up, and stopping the pumping unit after the upper balance box 3-1 falls onto the lower balance box 3-2. When the load is hung, the operation is carried out according to the reverse steps.
When the load of an oil rod suspended by a wellhead hanger 4 is broken, the load balancing function of a balancing belt 7 fails, if the oil rod is in an ascending state, an upper balancing box 3-1 and a lower balancing box 3-2 drag a left lifting roller 8-2 and a right lifting roller 8-4 to rotate through a left balancing box lifting belt 5-1 and a right balancing box lifting belt 5-2, a driven synchronous pulley 9, a synchronous belt 10 and a driving synchronous pulley 11 are driven by a double-acting roller driving shaft 8-7 to enable a large-torque motor 12 to run in an overload braking state, the running current overload of a frequency converter 20-9 gives an overload signal to a program logic controller PLC20-4, the program logic controller PLC20-4 gives a brake stop signal, and a power-off brake 13 cuts off the power and enables the frequency converter 20-9 to run and stop running; if the motor 12 is in a down state and the large-torque motor 12 runs in an overload electric state, the program logic controller PLC20-4 gives a brake stop signal, the power-off brake 13 is powered off to stop running, and the frequency converter 20-9 runs to stop running, so that the purpose of load-off protection is achieved.
Claims (7)
1. A pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical pumping unit comprises: the device comprises a base (1), a rack (2), an upper balance box (3-1), a lower balance box (3-2), a polished rod hanger (4), a left balance box lifting belt (5-1), a right balance box lifting belt (5-2), a left load lifting belt (6-1), a right load lifting belt (6-2), a balance belt (7), a double-acting roller (8), a driven synchronous pulley (9), a synchronous belt (10), a driving synchronous pulley (11), a large-torque motor (12), a power-off brake (13), a guardrail (14), a diagonal draw bar (15), an absolute value encoder (16), a stroke lower limit switch (17), a stroke upper limit switch (18), a cable (19) and a control cabinet (20); the device is characterized in that the double-acting roller (8) and the large-torque motor (12) are arranged at the top of the rack (2) in parallel, the double-acting roller (8) is arranged at the side of a well mouth, the driving synchronous pulley (11) is arranged on an output shaft of the large-torque motor (12), the power-off brake (13) and the absolute value encoder (16) are arranged at the tail end of the large-torque motor (12), the driven synchronous pulley (9) is arranged at one end of a double-acting roller driving shaft (8-7) of the double-acting roller (8), and the synchronous belt (10) is arranged on the driving synchronous pulley (11) and the driven synchronous pulley (9); the balance belt (7) is covered on the pulley type balance roller (8-3), the front end of the balance belt is connected with the polished rod hanger (4), the rear end of the balance belt is connected with the upper balance box (3-1), one end of the left load lifting belt (6-1) is fixed on the inner side of the left lifting roller (8-2), and the other end of the left load lifting belt is correspondingly connected with the polished rod hanger (4); one end of a right load lifting belt (6-2) is fixed on the inner side of the right lifting roller (8-4), and the other end is correspondingly connected with a polished rod hanger (4); one end of a left balance box lifting belt (5-1) is fixed on the outer side of the left lifting roller (8-2), the other end of the left balance box lifting belt is correspondingly connected with the upper balance box (3-1), one end of a right balance box lifting belt (5-2) is fixed on the outer side of the right lifting roller (8-4), and the other end of the right balance box lifting belt is correspondingly connected with the upper balance box (3-1); a stroke lower limit switch (17) is installed on the upper portion of the rack (2), a stroke upper limit switch (18) is installed on the lower portion of the rack (2), cables (19) are connected between the control cabinet (20) and the electric appliances, and the control cabinet (20) is installed on one side of the rack (2).
2. Pulley-type balance and wind-lift double-acting roller vertical pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that said double-acting roller (8) comprises: a balance roller (8-3) arranged in the middle of a double-acting roller driving shaft (8-7), a left lifting roller (8-2) and a right lifting roller (8-4) arranged at two sides of the balance roller (8-3), a balance roller fixed bearing seat (8-1) and a balance roller fixed bearing (8-5) arranged at two ends of the double-acting roller driving shaft (8-7), a balance roller fixed bearing (8-6) arranged between the balance roller (8-3) and the double-acting roller driving shaft (8-7), and the left lifting roller (8-2) and the right lifting roller (8-4) are fixed with the double-acting roller driving shaft (8-7) by lifting roller fixed keys (8-8).
3. The pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the balance roller (8-3) is covered with a balance belt (7), the left lifting roller (8-2) winds the left load lifting belt (6-1) in the forward direction and winds the left balance box lifting belt (5-1) in the reverse direction, and the right lifting roller (8-4) winds the right load lifting belt (6-2) in the forward direction and winds the right balance box lifting belt (5-2) in the reverse direction.
4. The pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end of the balance belt (7) is fixed on the polished rod hanger (4), and the rear end is fixed on the upper balance box (3-1); one end of a left load lifting belt (6-1) is fixed on the inner side of the left lifting roller (8-2), and the other end is fixed on the polished rod hanger (4); one end of a right load lifting belt (6-2) is fixed on the inner side of the right lifting roller (8-4), and the other end is fixed on the polished rod hanger (4); one end of a left balance box lifting belt (5-1) is fixed on the outer side of the left lifting roller (8-2), the other end of the left balance box lifting belt is fixed on the upper balance box (3-1), one end of a right balance box lifting belt (5-2) is fixed on the outer side of the right lifting roller (8-4), and the other end of the right balance box lifting belt is fixed on the upper balance box (3-1).
5. The pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical pumping unit according to claim 1, wherein the winding manner of the lifting belt can be a form of stacking a left load lifting belt (6-1), a right load lifting belt (6-2), a left balance box lifting belt (5-1) and a right balance box lifting belt (5-2) which are wound in a positive and negative way or a winding manner of a steel wire rope transverse row, and the positions of the left load lifting belt (6-1), the right load lifting belt (6-2), the left balance box lifting belt (5-1) and the right balance box lifting belt (5-2) at the inner side and the outer side of the left lifting roller (8-2) and the right lifting roller (8-4) can be interchanged.
6. Pulley-type balance and winding-lift double-acting roller vertical pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that said timing belt (10) is a timing belt (10) or a chain or a V-belt or a gear mesh transmission.
7. The pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting roller vertical pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a power switch (20-1), a control loop switch (20-2), a parameter adjusting module 20-3, a program logic controller PLC (20-4), a power-off brake contactor (20-5), a power-off brake contactor coil (20-5-1), an uplink start button (20-6), a downlink start button (20-7), an operation stop button (20-8), a frequency converter (20-9) and an energy feedback unit (20-10) are arranged in the control cabinet (20), and the control cabinet (20) is provided with a power switch (20-1) connected with a corresponding interface of a circuit; the corresponding interface of the circuit in the control cabinet (20) is connected with the large-torque motor (12), the power-off brake (13), the absolute value encoder (16), the stroke lower limit switch (17) and the stroke upper limit switch (18) by cables (19).
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| CN202211397309.XA CN115559693B (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Pulley type balance and winding lifting double-acting drum vertical oil pumping machine |
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| CN204476373U (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-15 | 长江大学 | A kind of electric accumulation of energy direct drive pumping unit |
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| EP3771682A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-03 | Hans Lutz Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Elevator with belt tensioning means |
| CN112502669A (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2021-03-16 | 潍坊晨昊机械有限公司 | Double-drum non-beam pumping unit and control method |
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2022
- 2022-11-09 CN CN202211397309.XA patent/CN115559693B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2639080A1 (en) * | 1988-11-16 | 1990-05-18 | Azerbaidzhansky P Konstru | Long stroke drive member for a rod-type pumping installation for a well, particularly an oil well |
| CN201835795U (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2011-05-18 | 李骥 | Cantilever rotating and upturning type double-well long-stroke oil pumping machine |
| CN203257381U (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-10-30 | 胜利油田孚瑞特石油装备有限责任公司 | Hydraulic type pumping unit |
| CN204476373U (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-15 | 长江大学 | A kind of electric accumulation of energy direct drive pumping unit |
| CN204609846U (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-02 | 郭敏强 | Intelligent speed changing drum oil pump |
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| EP3771682A1 (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-02-03 | Hans Lutz Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG | Elevator with belt tensioning means |
| CN112502669A (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2021-03-16 | 潍坊晨昊机械有限公司 | Double-drum non-beam pumping unit and control method |
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| CN115559693B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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