CN1125812A - Roller-type top-driven digital-controlled beam-pumping unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The numerally-controlled pumping unit features that the friction drum on top of its frame is directly conencted to numerally-controlled full-speed synchronous rare-earth motor as energy transducer powered by bidirectional frequency-variable inverse-transform power supply, and pressure sensor, position sensor and programmable controller of power supply are arranged at well mouth. The friction drum drives flexible friction belt and in turn piston to pump oil. When piston rod runs up, it has great drive force moment. When it runs down, the potential energy of moving part is transformed into electric energy fed back to electric network.

Description

Roller-type top-driven digital-controlled beam-pumping unit

The present invention relates to a kind of oil pumper of novel structure, roller-type top-driven digital-controlled beam-pumping unit just belongs to the oil exploitation field of mechanical technique of electromechanical integration.

China's employed oil pumper that recovers the oil in the oil field, normally the mechanical driving device that is made of oil pumping frame and motor, reduction box, Crank link type transmission mechanism, cast iron balance weight is formed, complex structure, the operation operation is loaded down with trivial details, noise is big, energy consumption is high, the drive disk assembly serious wear.And, because viscous crude and deep mining task are on the rise in China oil field, make the equilibrium problem of just quite sharp-pointed oil pumper power of original contradiction and load more outstanding, although adopt multiple comprehensive mechanical balanced measure, beam balance for example, crank balance, and the power configuration of low load with strong power, still can not make the power of oil pumper reach balanced, even reach at the most when the oil pumping load is unexpected to increase several times (for thick matter oil well, it is sizable changing with the crude oil viscosity in a bite oil well), also can keep normal operation and produce, be appreciable as for the waste loss of energy.For example, although the actual power that the drive motors rated power that is equipped with consumes during than oil pumping is much bigger, but because the efficient very low (having only about 0.3-0.4 usually) of present Crank link type oil pumper, and the operation condition of motor is away from design point, in case when running into heavy crude producing, the sense of still can be short of power " unable to do what one wishes ".And, oil pumper is extremely complicated in the load condition of one in the cycle of operation now, in fact the energy of importing from electrical network when the walking beam up stroke has only sub-fraction to be used for promoting the crude oil acting, and most energy are used to the moving component of lifting device itself; And when the down stroke, this part potential energy does not discharge work done yet and has wasted with the heating form.In order to improve above-mentioned condition, people have taked various mechanical balance measures to oil pumper, but these measures all will be subjected to the restriction of frame for movement, counterbalance effect is unsatisfactory, and, because the existence and the influence of these equalizing features, make the stressing conditions of member become complicated more, equipment is more fragile.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of roller-type top-driven digital-controlled beam-pumping unit that can solve the dynamic balnce of oil pumper preferably.

The present invention is achieved in that and includes pumping unit shelf, oil pumping pit shaft, swabs, polished rod clamp, friction roll, traction friction band, counterweight and motor, it is characterized in that: described motor is the numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor as transducer, the input of this motor is connected to two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter, and this inverter links to each other with power supply network; Pressure sensor is housed at the fuel-displaced well head of oil pumper place, measures the pump position sensor of drawing together the plug position and the programmable logic controller that the variable ratio frequency changer inverter is controlled, the output of above-mentioned two sensors all links to each other with the input of programmable logic controller; Described motor directly links to each other with the friction roll that is installed in the oil pumper top, drives power source as it; The end around property traction friction band on the friction roll joins by polished rod clamp and swabs bar, and the other end then hangs with counterweight.

The present invention be the applicant patented technology " numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor " (CN91203427.0) and " NC full-speed power/electric device " (CN93200001.0) creation on the basis, be to make former drum type pumping unit into top directly to drive, save numerous and diverse mechanical driving device, be aided with the new pumping unit that contemporary high and new technology equipment and power supply network constitute an electromechanical integration of organic connections together simultaneously.This oil pumper and electrical network are linked to be the organic whole of a controlled positive energy exchange and balanced power: when the oil pumper up stroke is pumped, obtain the energy acting by drive motors from electrical network, but and based on crude viscosity, swabs travel position etc. are adjusted motor power output, rotating speed at any time at this moment; When its down stroke, the potential energy that the oil pumper moving component becomes to possess is converted into electric energy by the numerical control rare-earth synchronous motor as transducer again and presents back power supply network, thereby improve the operating efficiency and the capacity usage ratio of the utility model oil pumper greatly, make oil pumper dynamic characteristics, energy consumption and power supply quality can both be improved significantly.Simultaneously, the present invention also is provided with agent structure and the using method that changes former oil pumper, has to utilize and applies this invention.

Fig. 1 is that structure of the present invention is formed schematic diagram.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is the drive motors 3 that this cylinder 2 directly is installed in a side of the friction roll 2 of the top of former drum type pumping unit frame 1 installation, this drive motors 3 is numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motors, its rotor outer rim is equipped with a plurality of magnetic poles that rare earth permanent-magnetic material is made, its stator coil is circumscribed with two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter 4, and this inverter 4 links to each other with power supply network 5 again.Scratch on friction roll 2 and traction friction is housed is with 7, this friction is done elevating movement with 7 nationalitys by the rotation of friction roll 2, and an end of friction band links to each other with swabs bar 9 by polished rod clamp 8, and the other end then hangs with counterweight 10.The 11st, by the oil pumping pit shaft, the 12nd, oil pumping unit base, 13,14 is respectively pressure sensor of installing near the fuel-displaced well head of oil pumper and the position sensor of measuring the swabs position, the 15th, programmable logic controller, be used for two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter is controlled, the output of above-mentioned two sensors then all links to each other with the input of programmable logic controller 15.

Master of the present invention stops frame for movement and using method and conventional pumping unit and changes little, be still by numerical-control motor 3 as main power source, drive friction roll 2 rotations, and nationality cylinder 2 drives, and drawing rubs makes swabs bar 9 do pumping of suction crude oil with 7 oscilaltions.But when the sucker rod up stroke, numerical-control motor 3 by two-way variable ratio frequency changer power supply 4 from the work done of power supply network feed-in electric energy; This moment, two-way variable ratio frequency changer power supply 4 was under the control of programmable logic controller 15, but the alternating current of introducing from electrical network is transformed into all alternating current feed-in rare earth full speed synchronous motors 3 of real time altering of frequency, phase place, electric current, control its rotating speed, turn to, output torque and stroke so that maximum efficiency is extracted crude oil out from the underground.And when after swabs bar 9 arrives summits, moving downward, the potential energy of original loss in vain can drive the rare-earth permanent magnet rotor rotation of drive motors 3 by friction roll 2, the electromotive force that induction generates on its stator coil is also drawn by two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter 4, and make it with synchronized after feed-in power supply network 5, the energy consumption of oil pumper and dynamic balnce characteristic are improved at all.

Pressure sensor of installing at the mouth of pumped oil well of oil pumper 13 and 14 of position sensors are resistance and the positions when being used to monitor swabs work in the oil well, and be input to simultaneously in the programmable logic controller 15, compare with the optimal movement parameter of setting in advance according to the motion state of input by programmable logic controller 15, carry out digital control to two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter 4, adjust the various parameters of its output voltage, so that swabs can move under optimum condition, just avoided naturally finding time and the appearance of " unable to do what one wishes " phenomenon.Owing to 7 the other end counterweight 10 is housed, make it cooperate the dynamic loading the when output torque of drive motors 3 is pumped with regard to only bearing with moving component such as swabs in traction friction.

The motor that the present invention selects for use is the numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor that has obtained patent.This motor can be irrelevant substantially with load with the supporting steady adjusting rotating speed on a large scale of DCPS digitally controlled power source, mechanical property is good, detent torque is big, dynamic moment of inertia is little, this speed load characteristic of suitable especially oil pumper changes the working machine of great disparity as driving power: even rotating speed acute variation from low speed to high speed, its output torque is still kept constant substantially.So just realize easily the variable working condition of oil pumper is driven, it is big to adapt to depths, stratum geological condition difference, the complex situations that parameters such as the oil storage degree of depth, crude oil viscosity, water content differ fundamentally solve the conventional pumping unit existence hard nut to crack that work efficiency is low, energy consumption is high, easy to wear for many years.Simultaneously, this motor also can be converted into feeding electric energy well with the potential energy that produces in the oil pumping impulse stroke and return power supply network, saves the energy consumption of oil pumper greatly.We can measure various technological parameters in advance like this, pack into 15 li of programmable logic controllers of establishment dynamic Characteristic Data of optimum condition and program, send command adapted thereto by it and give two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter 4, give the full speed rare-earth synchronous motor excitation by these power supply 4 output pulse widths, frequency, pulse that amplitude is all adjustable, make it to drive the friction roll rotation; While monitors pistons oil pumping operating modes by two sensors 13,14 at any time again and adjusts in real time, can make the present invention operate in optimum condition, and very high productivity ratio and capacity usage ratio are arranged.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of roller-type top-driven digital-controlled beam-pumping unit, include oil pumping frame, oil pumping pit shaft, swabs, polished rod clamp, friction roll, traction friction band, counterweight and motor, it is characterized in that: described motor is the numerical control full speed rare-earth synchronous motor as transducer, the input of this motor is connected to two-way variable ratio frequency changer inverter, and this inverter links to each other with power supply network; Pressure sensor, the position sensor of measuring the swabs position and the programmable logic controller that the variable ratio frequency changer inverter is controlled are housed at the fuel-displaced well head of oil pumper place, and the output of above-mentioned two sensors all links to each other with the input of programmable logic controller; Described motor directly links to each other with the friction roll that is installed in the oil pumper top, drives power source as it; The end around property traction friction band on the friction roll joins by polished rod clamp and swabs bar, and the other end then hangs with counterweight.

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