CN106774140B - Energy-saving control method and control system for oil pumping unit in oil field - Google Patents
Energy-saving control method and control system for oil pumping unit in oil field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106774140B CN106774140B CN201710102845.5A CN201710102845A CN106774140B CN 106774140 B CN106774140 B CN 106774140B CN 201710102845 A CN201710102845 A CN 201710102845A CN 106774140 B CN106774140 B CN 106774140B
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
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- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving control method and a control system for an oil pumping unit in an oil field, after an energy-saving control mode is selected, the oil pumping unit is started to start to work when the continuous liquid weight is larger than the preheating weight, after the oil pumping unit works for an operation period, whether the continuous liquid weight is larger than the stopping weight and whether the oil pumping unit is in a light load state or not is sequentially judged, if the continuous liquid weight is not larger than the stopping weight or the oil pumping unit is in the light load state, the oil pumping unit is closed, the oil pumping unit is started after the stop period, if the continuous liquid weight is larger than the stopping weight and the oil pumping unit is not in the light load state, whether the system finishes the operation or not is judged, if the system does not finish, the steps are repeated, and if the system finishes, the energy-saving control mode is jumped out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield exploitation, in particular to an energy-saving control method and a control system for an oilfield pumping unit.
Background
The pumping unit is a periodic alternating load, has impact property and large moment of inertia, and is started with a load, so that the required starting torque is large, and the required motor power is also large. The pumping unit has great load fluctuation in one period, and in order to meet the starting requirement and ensure that the large inertia torque of the pumping unit can be overcome during on-load starting, so that the pumping unit has enough overload capacity during operation to overcome the maximum torque of alternating load, and enough margin is required to be reserved during selection of a driving motor, so that the driving motor of the pumping unit is always in the operation condition of 'large horse pulling trolley', the driving motor is in a light load state during the operation of the pumping unit, the load factor is very low, and the operation efficiency of the motor is very low. In the operation process of the oil pumping unit, the magnitude and the phase of the current of the driving motor are also continuously changed in one stroke, and two instantaneous power generation states exist in one stroke. The motor belongs to an inductive load, the current lags behind the voltage, reactive current is generated, the power factor is small, and waste of electric energy is also caused. On the other hand, when the frequency converter drives a driving motor of the oil pumping unit to brake or lower a potential energy load, the motor is in a regenerative braking state, mechanical energy in a transmission system is converted into electric energy through the motor, a freewheeling diode in the frequency converter feeds the energy back to a direct-current side capacitor C of the frequency converter, the voltage of the direct-current side is increased, a pumping voltage is generated, and if the energy is not released in time, overvoltage protection action of the frequency converter or overvoltage damage of a high-power device of a main loop is caused. The pumped voltage dissipates energy through the resistor, which not only wastes energy, but also sometimes causes some side effects.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an energy-saving control method and a control system of an oil pumping unit, and the purpose of high-efficiency energy-saving automatic control is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an energy-saving control method for an oil pumping unit in an oil field comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging whether an energy-saving control mode is selected, if so, entering a second step after a preheating period, and if not, entering a manual operation mode;
step two: judging whether the continuous liquid weight is larger than the preheating weight or not, if so, entering the third step, and if not, repeating the third step after one preheating period until the continuous liquid weight is larger than the preheating weight;
step three: starting the pumping unit to start working, and entering the step four after the pumping unit works for one running period;
step four: judging whether the liquid continuous weight is larger than the shutdown weighing or not, if so, entering a fifth step, and if not, turning off the oil pumping unit and returning to the second step after one shutdown period;
step five: judging whether the oil pumping unit is in a light-load running state, if not, entering the sixth step, and if so, turning off the oil pumping unit, and returning to the second step after a shutdown period;
step six: and judging whether the system finishes running or not, jumping out of the energy-saving running mode if the system finishes running, and returning to the step four after one running period if the system does not finish running.
Further, the continuous liquid weight is the liquid outlet amount of the oil well.
Further, in the first step and the second step, the range of the preheating period is 5 +/-2 min; in the second step, the range of preheating and weighing is 10 plus or minus 5 kg.
Further, the range of the operation period of the primary operation of the pumping unit is 5 +/-2 min, and the optimization learning is carried out on the duration of the operation period after the operation of the pumping unit is finished every time from the second operation of the pumping unit; in the fourth step and the fifth step, the range of the shutdown period is 10 +/-2 min; in the fourth step, the machine is stopped and the weighing range is 10 plus or minus 5 kg.
Further, the calculation formula of the operation cycle optimization learning is as follows: t ═ T (nt)/(mT '), where T "in the formula represents the time length after the operation cycle optimization learning of the pumping unit is finished, n represents the total number of cycles of the pumping unit during the operation, T represents the time length of the operation cycle of the pumping unit during the operation, m represents the total number of cycles of the pumping unit during the previous operation, and T' represents the time length of the operation cycle of the pumping unit during the previous operation.
Further, in the fifth step, it is determined that the oil pumping unit in the light-load operation state simultaneously satisfies the following three conditions: the balance degree is less than 85% or more than 115%, the phase current of the pumping unit is less than 9A, and the power factor of the pumping unit is less than 0.3.
Further, the calculation formula of the balance degree is as follows: the balance is 100% of the maximum current of the downstroke/the maximum current of the upstroke, which is the instantaneous current.
Further, in the fourth step and the fifth step, when the oil pumping unit is closed, an electric band-type brake is used for stopping the oil pumping unit.
Further, an oil pumping unit energy-saving control system in oil field, including PLC module, converter, energy repayment unit and data acquisition unit, PLC module, converter and energy repayment unit are located in the switch board of automatically controlled room, the converter passes through RS 485's mode and is connected with the PLC module, the input and the converter of energy repayment unit are connected, and its output is connected with the electric wire netting power, the data acquisition unit is connected with the PLC module.
Further, the data acquisition unit includes weighing sensor, load and angle displacement sensor, smart electric meter and single well metering device, the pumping unit operation scene is located to retransmission sensor, load and angle displacement sensor and single well metering device, smart electric meter locates in the switch board of automatically controlled room, weighing sensor passes through analog input module and is connected with the PLC module, load and angle displacement sensor pass through the Zigbee module and are connected with the PLC module, smart electric meter and single well metering device all are connected with the PLC module through RS 485's mode.
Further, still include HMI and upper monitor terminal, HMI is located in the switch board of automatically controlled room to be connected with the PLC module through RS 485's mode, upper monitor terminal passes through communication module and is connected with the PLC module, communication module includes GRM wireless terminal, industrial grade switch and wireless router, upper monitor terminal includes cell-phone mobile terminal and PC terminal.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to an energy-saving control method and a control system for an oil pumping unit in an oil field, which are characterized in that after an energy-saving control mode is selected, whether the oil pumping unit is started is determined by judging whether the continuous liquid weight is larger than the preheating weight, after the oil pumping unit works for an operating period, whether the continuous liquid weight is larger than the shutdown weight or the oil pumping unit is in a light-load state is sequentially judged, if the continuous liquid weight is not larger than the shutdown weight or the oil pumping unit is in the light-load state, the oil pumping unit is closed, the oil pumping unit is started after the shutdown period, the operation period is optimized and learned after the oil pumping unit is closed, otherwise, if the continuous liquid weight is larger than the shutdown weight and the oil pumping unit is not in the light-load state and the system does not finish the operation, the oil pumping unit continues to work for an operating period, the judgment is repeated, the automatic intermittent self-optimizing operation of the oil pumping unit is realized, and the purpose of energy-saving control is achieved.
(2) When the pumping unit is closed, the electric band-type brake is used for stopping the pumping unit, so that the accurate positioning control of the pumping unit is realized.
(3) The input end of the energy feedback unit is connected with the frequency converter, the output end of the energy feedback unit is connected with a power supply of a power grid, when the pumping unit descends, the frequency converter converts alternating current generated by mechanical energy of the pumping unit into direct current, the energy feedback unit converts the direct current electric energy into alternating current electric energy with the same frequency and the same phase through a PSG inversion technology, 97.5% of regenerated electric energy is fed back to the local power grid to be used by nearby equipment, the energy feedback unit completely replaces resistance braking, the efficiency is higher, pure sine waves are output, clean electric energy is fed back all the time, and the electricity saving rate is up to 20%.
(4) Connect upper monitor terminal and PLC module through communication module, communication module includes GRM wireless terminal, industrial grade switch and wireless router, and upper monitor terminal includes cell-phone mobile terminal and PC terminal, has realized long-range wireless data transmission, remote control operation, makes the oil field beam-pumping unit control that this system can be used to unmanned on duty, field environment, regular patrol well etc..
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy-saving control system for an oil pumping unit in an oil field;
FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of a main circuit of a drive motor of the pumping unit;
FIG. 3 is an electrical schematic diagram of a control circuit of a drive motor of the pumping unit;
FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of an electric band-type brake control circuit;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an energy-saving control method for an oil pumping unit in an oil field;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following description of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention is made clearly and completely, and other similar embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, an energy-saving control system for an oil pumping unit in an oil field comprises a PLC module, a frequency converter, an energy feedback unit, a data acquisition unit, an HMI and an upper monitoring terminal, wherein the PLC module, the frequency converter, the energy feedback unit and the HMI are arranged in a control cabinet of an electric control room, and the frequency converter and the HMI are connected with the PLC module in an RS485 manner; the data acquisition unit comprises a weighing sensor, a load and angular displacement sensor, an intelligent electric meter and a single-well metering device, wherein the weighing sensor is arranged beside the oil pumping machine, is connected with an oil inlet and outlet pipe, is connected with a PLC module through an analog input module and is used for detecting the continuous liquid weight (namely the liquid outlet amount of an oil well); the load and angular displacement sensor is arranged on a walking beam of the pumping unit, is connected with the PLC module through the Zigbee module and is used for detecting the load of the pumping rod and the angular displacement of the pumping unit in the stroke; the single-well force unit is arranged beside the pumping unit, is connected with an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe, is connected with the PLC module in an RS485 mode, and is used for detecting the actual liquid continuous amount, the liquid continuous time, the (daily, monthly and total) yield of oil and liquid, the oil content ratio and the like of the pumping unit; the intelligent ammeter is arranged in a control cabinet of the electric control room, is connected with the PLC module in an RS485 mode and is used for detecting electric parameters of the pumping unit in the operation process; the upper monitoring terminal is connected with the PLC module through a communication module, the communication module comprises a GRM wireless terminal, an industrial switch and a wireless router, the upper monitoring terminal comprises a mobile phone mobile terminal and a PC terminal, the input end of the energy feedback unit is connected with the frequency converter, and the output end of the energy feedback unit is connected with a power grid power supply.
The structure realizes the remote transmission of the operation data of the pumping unit and the remote operation control of the pumping unit, so that the system can be used for the control of the pumping unit in the oil field in unattended operation, field environment, periodic well patrol and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, beam-pumping unit driving motor main circuit includes smart electric meter, circuit breaker QF1, beam-pumping unit driving motor power frequency operation main circuit, beam-pumping unit driving motor frequency conversion operation main circuit and energy feedback unit, smart electric meter connects in AC380V inlet wire end, smart electric meter passes through the RS485 contact and is connected with the PLC module, and the preferred EDA9033AC three-phase power frequency electricity collection module of this embodiment smart electric meter, circuit breaker QF1 is the main circuit breaker of main circuit, controls the break-make of whole main circuit power supply, and its main contact inlet wire end is connected behind the smart electric meter, and its main contact outlet terminal is connected beam-pumping unit driving motor power frequency operation main circuit and beam-pumping unit driving motor frequency conversion operation main circuit.
The main circuit of power frequency operation of the driving motor of the pumping unit comprises a breaker QF2, a contactor KM2 and a thermal relay FR, wherein a main contact wire inlet end of the breaker QF2 is connected with a main contact wire outlet end of the breaker QF1, a main contact wire outlet end of the breaker QF2 is connected with a main contact wire inlet end of the contactor KM2, and a main contact wire outlet end of the contactor KM2 is connected with a power supply wire inlet end of the driving motor of the pumping unit through the thermal relay FR.
The pumping unit driving motor frequency conversion operation main circuit comprises a frequency converter, a contactor KM1, a contactor KM3, an intermediate relay KA1 and an intermediate relay KA2, an inlet wire end of a main contact of the contactor KM1 is connected with an outlet wire end of a main contact of a breaker QF1, an outlet wire end of a main contact of a contactor KM1 is connected with a contact of a frequency converter R, S, T, a contact of the frequency converter U, V, W is connected with an inlet wire end of a power supply of a pumping unit driving motor, a normally open auxiliary contact of the contactor KM3 is connected between a contact of the frequency converter X1 and a COM contact and used for controlling the starting and closing of the frequency converter, a coil of the intermediate relay KA1 is connected between a TA contact of the frequency converter and a +24v contact and used for outputting operation indication information of the frequency converter, a coil of the intermediate relay KA2 is connected between a contact of the Y1 and the +24v contact and used for outputting fault information of the main circuit of the pumping unit, and the frequency converter is connected with a PLC module through an RS contact, the frequency converter of the embodiment is preferably a four-quadrant operation frequency converter, and a speed-sensorless quality control mode is selected to control the operation of the pumping unit driving motor, so that the torque can also quickly respond under the condition of no feedback of the rotating speed of the pumping unit driving motor, and enough torque can also be obtained when the pumping unit driving motor operates at a low speed.
The inlet end of the energy feedback unit is connected with a DC + contact and a DC-contact of the frequency converter, the outlet end of the energy feedback unit is connected with the outlet end of a main contact of a breaker QF1, when the stroke is carried out to a certain degree, the driving motor is turned off, the energy-saving purpose is achieved by utilizing the sliding of the oil pumping unit, namely, the energy is saved when the speed is not adjusted, the frequency converter converts alternating current generated by the mechanical energy of the driving motor into direct current, the energy feedback unit converts the direct current into alternating current with the same frequency and phase through a PSG inversion technology, 97.5 percent of regenerated electric energy is fed back to a local power grid to be used by nearby equipment, the energy feedback unit can completely replace resistance braking, the efficiency is higher, pure sine waves are output, clean electric energy is fed back all the time, and the electricity saving rate is up to 20 percent.
As shown in fig. 3, the control circuit of the pumping unit driving motor comprises a first control circuit of the variable frequency operation of the pumping unit driving motor, a second control circuit of the variable frequency operation of the pumping unit driving motor, a power frequency operation control circuit of the pumping unit driving motor, a frequency converter power indication circuit, a variable frequency operation indication circuit, a power frequency operation indication circuit and a fault indication circuit which are connected in parallel between AC220V power lines, and further comprises an FU1 which is connected in series at one end of an AC220V power live wire.
The first control circuit of beam-pumping unit driving motor variable frequency operation includes the rotary switch SA0 and the coil of contactor KM1 of series connection in proper order, this embodiment rotary switch SA0 is preferred to be the rotary switch without automatic re-setting, beam-pumping unit driving motor variable frequency operation second control circuit includes the 3 of rotary switch SA1 of series connection in proper order, 4 contacts, first PLC output point 1, the normally closed auxiliary contact of contactor KM2 and the coil of contactor KM3, 3, 4 contacts of rotary switch SA1 still pass through the connection of digital quantity input module and PLC module, beam-pumping unit driving motor power frequency operation control circuit includes the 1 of rotary switch SA1 of series connection in proper order, 2 contacts, normally closed button SB2, normally open button SB1, the normally closed auxiliary contact of contactor KM3, the coil of contactor KM2 and the normally closed auxiliary contact of thermal relay FR1, normally open button SB1 still has the normally open auxiliary contact of contactor KM2 in parallel connection, the switch, the rotary switch SA1 in this embodiment, is preferably a universal switch.
The operation of a pumping unit driving motor firstly needs to close a breaker QF1, if the pumping unit driving motor needs to operate at power frequency, the breaker QF2 is closed, a change-over switch SA1 is switched to one end of a contact 1 and a contact 2 to be connected, a coil of a contactor KM2 is electrified when a button SB1 is pressed, a main contact of the contactor is closed, the pumping unit driving motor is electrified to start operating at the power frequency, the coil of the contactor KM2 is electrified when the button SB2 is pressed, the main contact of the contactor is disconnected, the pumping unit driving motor stops, a normally open auxiliary contact of the contactor KM2 is used for self locking, and a normally closed auxiliary contact of the contactor KM3 is used for interlocking; if the pumping unit driving motor needs to operate in a frequency conversion mode, firstly, the rotary switch SA0 is closed, the coil of the contactor KM1 is electrified, the main contact of the coil is closed, the frequency converter is electrified, then, the change-over switch SA1 is switched to one end of the contacts 3 and 4 to be connected, the PLC module reads the state of the change-over switch through the digital quantity input module and controls the first PLC output point 1 to be closed, the coil of the contactor KM3 is electrified, the normally-open auxiliary contact of the change-over switch is closed, the frequency converter is started, the frequency converter is communicated with the PLC module through an RS485 bus, and the U, V, W contact of the frequency converter controls the pumping unit driving motor to operate in a frequency conversion mode.
The frequency converter power supply indicating circuit comprises a normally open auxiliary contact of a contactor KM1 and an indicating lamp HG which are sequentially connected in series, when the pumping unit driving motor operates in a frequency conversion mode, the frequency converter is powered on, and the indicating lamp HG is turned on; the frequency conversion operation indicating circuit comprises a normally open auxiliary contact of the intermediate relay KA1 and an indicating lamp HR1 which are sequentially connected in series, wherein after the frequency converter is started, a TA contact output of the frequency converter controls a coil of the intermediate relay KA1 to be electrified, the normally open auxiliary contact of the intermediate relay KA1 is closed, and the indicating lamp HR1 is bright; the power frequency operation indicating circuit comprises a normally open auxiliary contact of KM2 and an indicating lamp HR2 which are sequentially connected in series, and when the pumping unit driving motor operates at power frequency, the indicating lamp HG is on; fault indication circuit is including series connection's auxiliary contact and pilot lamp HY2 that normally opens of auxiliary contact KA2 in proper order, auxiliary contact that normally opens of intermediate relay KA2 still connects back thermal relay FR1 in parallel, when beam-pumping unit driving motor power frequency operation, when the motor is overheated, relay FR 1's auxiliary contact that normally opens is closed, pilot lamp HY1 is bright, when beam-pumping unit driving motor frequency conversion operation, when breaking down, converter Y1 contact output control intermediate relay KA 2's coil is electrified, pilot lamp HY1 is bright.
As shown in fig. 4, electronic band-type brake control circuit includes band-type brake coil control circuit and the band-type brake coil of series connection between AC220v power cord in proper order, and band-type brake coil control circuit includes band-type brake coil power frequency control circuit and band-type brake coil frequency conversion control circuit that connect in parallel each other, band-type brake coil power frequency control circuit is equipped with contactor KM 2's normally closed auxiliary contact, band-type brake coil frequency conversion control circuit is equipped with series connection's contactor KM3 normally closed auxiliary contact and second PLC output point in proper order.
When the pumping unit driving motor operates at power frequency, the pumping unit driving motor is turned off, the coil of the contactor KM2 loses power, the normally closed auxiliary contact is closed, the band-type brake coil is electrified, and the electric band-type brake is started; when the pumping unit driving motor operates in a variable-frequency mode, the pumping unit driving motor is turned off, the PLC module firstly controls the first PLC output point to be disconnected, the contactor KM3 coil loses power, the normally closed auxiliary contact is closed, the PLC module controls the second PLC output point to be closed again, the band-type brake coil is powered on, and the electric band-type brake is started.
The condition that the PLC module controls the output point of the second PLC to be closed is 2.5m<X<4.36m, wherein X represents the displacement of the selected point relative to the bottom dead center, and the calculation formula is as follows: x ═ a (θ - θ)0) In the formula, a represents the forearm length of the walking beam of the pumping unit, in the embodiment, a is 3m, theta represents the included angle between the walking beam and the vertical direction, the included angle is obtained by detecting a load and angular displacement sensor, and theta0The angle of the walking beam to the vertical at bottom dead center is shown.
The shutdown operation is carried out in an electric band-type brake mode, and the accurate positioning control of the pumping unit during shutdown is realized.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an energy-saving control method for an oil pumping unit in an oil field comprises the following steps:
the rotary switch SA0 is closed, the rotary switch SA1 is turned to one end of the contacts 3 and 4 to be connected, the PLC module reads the state that one end of the contacts 3 and 4 of the rotary switch SA1 is connected through the digital value input module, and the system enters an energy-saving control mode; after a preheating period (the preheating period is the sum of the system self-checking time and the warning time for warning, in this embodiment, the preheating period is 5min), the PLC module reads the liquid continuous weight value acquired by the weighing sensor through the analog input module, at this time, the liquid continuous weight value is 20kg, and then compares the value with the preheating weight (the preheating weight is determined according to the actual liquid production amount of the oil well, and in this embodiment, the preheating weight is 10kg), and is greater than the preheating weight, and the PLC module starts the pumping unit driving motor through the frequency converter to drive the pumping unit to start working;
after an operation cycle (in this embodiment, the operation cycle of the first operation of the pumping unit is 5, and after the second operation of the pumping unit is started and each operation is finished, the duration of the operation cycle is optimized and learned), the PLC module reads the liquid continuous weight value acquired by the weighing sensor through the analog input module, at this time, the liquid continuous weight value is 14kg, and then the value is compared with the shutdown weighing (the shutdown weighing is determined according to the actual liquid production amount of the oil well, and in this embodiment, the shutdown weighing is 10kg) and is greater than the shutdown weighing; then, a PLC module reads phase current, a power factor, a down stroke maximum current and an up stroke maximum current of a pumping unit driving motor, which are acquired by an intelligent ammeter, through an RS485 bus, wherein the phase current value is 10A, the power factor value is 0.4, the balance value is 105 (the balance value is calculated according to the calculation formula of the balance value, namely the down stroke maximum current/the up stroke maximum current is 100%), and then whether the pumping unit is in a light load state is judged according to the parameters (the conditions that the balance value is < 85% or the balance value is > 115%, the phase current of the pumping unit is <9A, the power factor of the pumping unit is <0.3), the balance value is < 85% > < 115%, the phase current is >9A, and the power factor is >0.3 are simultaneously met when the pumping unit is in the light load operation state are judged, and the pumping unit is not in the light load state is judged;
after the pumping unit continues to operate for an operation period, whether the liquid-continuous weight and the carrying state of the pumping unit driving motor meet the conditions or not is judged, if the conditions are met, the oil pumping unit continues to operate for an operation period, the judgment is continuously repeated, if the conditions are not met, the PLC module closes the pumping unit driving motor through the frequency converter, braking is carried out in an electric band-type brake mode, then after a shutdown period (the shutdown weighing is determined according to the actual liquid production amount of the oil well, in the embodiment, the shutdown period is 10min), the PLC module reads the liquid-continuous weight value collected by the weighing sensor through the analog input module, then the liquid-continuous weight value is compared with the preheating weighing, and the steps are repeated.
In this embodiment, the pumping unit has operated 3 operation cycles in total for the first time, has operated 4 operation cycles in total for the second time, and after the pumping unit has operated for the second time, the duration of the operation cycles is optimized and learned, and the calculation formula is: t ═ T (nt)/(mT '), where in the formula, T "represents the duration of the operation cycle optimization learning after the operation of the pumping unit is finished (in this embodiment, T" represents the duration of the operation cycle optimization learning after the operation of the pumping unit is finished for the second time), n represents the total number of cycles in which the pumping unit is operated for the current time (in this embodiment, n represents the total number of cycles in which the pumping unit is operated for the second time, i.e., n is 4), T represents the duration of the operation cycle of the pumping unit for the current time (in this embodiment, T represents the duration of the operation cycle of the pumping unit for the second time, i.e., T is 5min), m represents the total number of cycles in which the pumping unit is operated for the last time (in this embodiment, m represents 3), and T ' represents the duration of the operation cycle in which the pumping unit is operated for the last time (in this embodiment, T ' represents the duration of the operation cycle in which the pumping unit is operated for the first time, i.e., T' is 5min), and calculating T "(in this embodiment, T" is the time length after the second operation of the pumping unit finishes the operation period and the optimization learning) according to the formula and the parameters to be 6.7 min.
If the rotary switch SA0 is switched off or the rotary switch SA1 is switched to one end of the contacts 1 and 2 and one end of the contacts 3 and 4 are switched off in the operation process of the oil pumping unit, the oil pumping unit directly jumps out of the energy-saving control mode, and if the oil pumping unit is switched off through the HMI or the upper monitoring terminal, the oil pumping unit jumps out of the energy-saving control mode after the current operation period is finished.
The energy-saving control method for the oil pumping unit in the oil field determines whether to start the oil pumping unit or not by judging whether the liquid continuous weight is larger than the preheating weight or not, after the oil pumping unit works for one operation period, sequentially judges whether the liquid continuous weight is larger than the shutdown weight or not and whether the oil pumping unit is in a light load state or not, closes the oil pumping unit if the liquid continuous weight is not larger than the shutdown weight or whether the oil pumping unit is in the light load state, starts the oil pumping unit after one shutdown period, and performs optimization learning of the operation period after closing the oil pumping unit, otherwise, repeats the judgment after the oil pumping unit continues to work for one operation period if the liquid continuous weight is larger than the shutdown weight and the oil pumping unit is not in the light load state and the system does not finish the operation, thereby realizing the automatic intermittent self-optimization operation of the oil pumping unit and achieving the purpose of energy-saving control.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. An energy-saving control method for an oil pumping unit in an oil field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: judging whether an energy-saving control mode is selected, if so, entering a second step after a preheating period, and if not, entering a manual operation mode;
step two: judging whether the continuous liquid weight is larger than the preheating weight or not, if so, entering the third step, and if not, repeating the third step after one preheating period until the continuous liquid weight is larger than the preheating weight;
step three: starting the pumping unit to start working, and entering the step four after the pumping unit works for one running period;
step four: judging whether the liquid continuous weight is larger than the shutdown weighing or not, if so, entering a fifth step, and if not, turning off the oil pumping unit and returning to the second step after one shutdown period;
step five: judging whether the oil pumping unit is in a light-load running state, if not, entering the sixth step, and if so, turning off the oil pumping unit, and returning to the second step after a shutdown period;
step six: judging whether the system finishes running or not, jumping out of the energy-saving running mode if the system finishes running, and returning to the step four after one running period if the system does not finish running;
the range of the operation period of the primary operation of the pumping unit is 5 +/-2 min, and the duration of the operation period is optimized and learned after the operation of the pumping unit for the second time is finished; in the fourth step and the fifth step, the range of the shutdown period is 10 +/-2 min; in the fourth step, the shutdown weighing range is 10 +/-5 kg; the calculation formula of the operation period optimization learning is as follows: t ═ T (nt)/(mT '), where T "in the formula represents the time length after the operation cycle optimization learning of the pumping unit is finished, n represents the total number of cycles of the pumping unit during the operation, T represents the time length of the operation cycle of the pumping unit during the operation, m represents the total number of cycles of the pumping unit during the previous operation, and T' represents the time length of the operation cycle of the pumping unit during the previous operation.
2. The oil field pumping unit energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first step and the second step, the range of the preheating period is 5 ± 2 min; in the second step, the range of preheating and weighing is 10 plus or minus 5 kg.
3. The energy-saving control method for the oil pumping unit in the oil field according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the oil pumping unit is judged to be in a light-load operation state and simultaneously meet the following three conditions: the balance degree is less than 85% or more than 115%, the phase current of the pumping unit is less than 9A, and the power factor of the pumping unit is less than 0.3.
4. The oil field pumping unit energy-saving control method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the balance degree is as follows: the balance is 100% of the maximum current of the downstroke/the maximum current of the upstroke, which is the instantaneous current.
5. The oil pumping unit energy-saving control method of the oil field according to claim 1, characterized in that in the fourth step and the fifth step, an electric band-type brake is used for stopping the oil pumping unit when the oil pumping unit is turned off.
6. A control system adopting the energy-saving control method of the oil pumping unit in the oil field according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising a PLC module, a frequency converter, an energy feedback unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein the PLC module, the frequency converter and the energy feedback unit are arranged in a control cabinet of an electric control room, the frequency converter is connected with the PLC module in an RS485 mode, the input end of the energy feedback unit is connected with the frequency converter, the output end of the energy feedback unit is connected with a power grid power supply, and the data acquisition unit is connected with the PLC module.
7. The energy-saving control system of the oil pumping unit in the oil field as claimed in claim 6, wherein the data acquisition unit comprises a weighing sensor, a load and angular displacement sensor, a smart meter and a single well metering device, the weighing sensor, the load and angular displacement sensor and the single well metering device are arranged on the operation site of the oil pumping unit, the smart meter is arranged in a control cabinet of an electric control room, the weighing sensor is connected with the PLC module through an analog input module, the load and angular displacement sensor is connected with the PLC module through a Zigbee module, and the smart meter and the single well metering device are both connected with the PLC module through an RS485 mode.
8. The oil pumping unit energy-saving control system of the oil field of claim 6, further comprising an HMI and an upper monitor terminal, wherein the HMI is disposed in a control cabinet of the electric control room and connected with the PLC module in an RS485 mode, the upper monitor terminal is connected with the PLC module through a communication module, the communication module comprises a GRM wireless terminal, an industrial switch and a wireless router, and the upper monitor terminal comprises a mobile phone mobile terminal and a PC terminal.
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| CN111082396B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏海明医疗器械有限公司 | Motor rotating speed safety regulation control method |
| CN114123670A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-03-01 | 欧胜(东营)环保科技有限责任公司 | Special large-torque variable-power reluctance motor for oil pumping unit in oil field |
| US11955782B1 (en) | 2022-11-01 | 2024-04-09 | Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc | System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power |
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| CN1512656A (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-14 | 徐甫荣 | Intelligent high efficiency energy saving production increasing controller |
| RU2303172C1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-07-20 | Зиновий Дмитриевич Хоминец | Well jet plant and its operation method |
| CN101333919A (en) * | 2008-07-18 | 2008-12-31 | 杜宝华 | Energy-saving oil pumping machine |
| CN201307238Y (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-09-09 | 张宝军 | Intelligent detection and control system for rod-pumped wells |
| CN201526302U (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2010-07-14 | 濮阳市信宇石油机械化工有限公司 | Brake system for oil extractor |
| CN101807052A (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2010-08-18 | 克拉玛依市华西工贸有限责任公司 | Intermittent pumping type energy-saving control method of pumping unit and control device as well as control circuit thereof |
| CN102637004A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-15 | 太仓新点石能源科技有限公司 | Intelligent energy-saving device of pumping unit |
| CN202854529U (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-03 | 孙守渊 | Power saving device for controlling oil pumping unit to intermittently work |
| CN104793571A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-07-22 | 刘国勇 | Method and device for comprehensive oil pumping well measurement and control |
| CN103984300B (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽多杰电气有限公司 | Method for frequency conversion and energy saving of oil pumping unit |
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