CN1183824C

CN1183824C - Breeding method of large embryo rice variety

Info

Publication number: CN1183824C
Application number: CN 01130243
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨仁崔; 章清杞; 李毓; 杨艳荔
Original assignee: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Current assignee: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
Priority date: 2001-12-30
Filing date: 2001-12-30
Publication date: 2005-01-12
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-30
Also published as: CN1429479A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of paddy rice breeding methods. A paddy rice variety or a line is processed by utilizing a mutagenesis method mainly according to the characteristic of giant embryo gene single recessive inheritance of paddy rice, and thereby, the corresponding giant embryo paddy rice variety or the giant embryo line, etc. is obtained. The giant embryo male sterile line of the corresponding giant embryo maintenance line is obtained by a backcross method, and thereby, the giant embryo paddy rice hybrid is assembled. The conventional paddy or the hybrid rice bred by the method of the present invention can obviously enhance the content of proteins and the content of fat in unpolished rice, and thereby, the nutrient value of the unpolished rice is enhanced. The present invention has the advantages of simple method, high speed and low cost.

Description

A kind of breeding method of large embryo rice variety

Technical field

The invention belongs to rice breeding method, relate in particular to a kind of breeding method of large embryo rice variety.

Background technology

In brown rice, embryo crude fat, protein content are 2～3 times of endosperm, and rich vitamins; Polished rice adds man-hour, and the embryo overwhelming majority all enters rice bran, so embryo is little to the nutrient component contribution of edible polished rice.But the embryo polished rice once appearred being with in the Japanese market, also have brown rice to sell on the external supermarket shelves, the black rice of selling on the existing Chinese market also is a brown rice, simultaneously with the coarse rice powder of brown rice processing and feeding brown rice market also in continuous expansion, therefore, the size of embryo is bigger to its nutritional quality influence in brown rice.

1981, Japanese scholar HiKaru Satoh and Takeshi Omura utilized chemical mutagen MNU to handle golden southern phoenix fertilized egg cell, at the mutagenesis third generation (M ₃) plant acquisition giant embryo mutant in the sub-group, embryo heavily increases 2～3 times.After Japan, Korea S has also bred giant embryo strain 1137.The giant embryo germplasm that China Paddy Rice Inst utilized Japan to find in 1997 becomes the japonica rice variety giant embryo No. 1 by the hybridization transformation.Studies show that giant embryo is single recessive gene control, so far, at home and abroad there is no the report that directly obtains giant embryo long-grained nonglutinous rice rice, if with the transformation of giant embryo japonica rice, because its offspring's separation with method of mutagenesis, be difficult to select the giant embryo rice variety or the strain that meet production requirement.

The object of the invention provide a kind of utilize method of mutagenesis cultivate the giant embryo rice variety simply, method fast, to improve fat, Protein content in the brown rice, improve the rice nutritional quality.

Summary of the invention

A kind of breeding method of large embryo rice variety comprises the steps:

A, usefulness method of mutagenesis mutagenesis rice varieties or strain;

B, plantation M ₁Generation, results M ₂Seed;

C, selection giant embryo M ₂Seed, the large embryo rice variety or the strain of corresponding rice varieties.

Method of mutagenesis described in the above-mentioned breeding method can be physical agent mutagenesis, chemokines mutagenesis, spaceship-carried mutagenesis or the like.

Kind described in the above-mentioned breeding method or strain can be conventional rice varieties, also can be maintenance line or recovery system at ternary hybrid rice, can also be the male sterile line in the two-line hybrid rice or recover system etc., can obtain corresponding large embryo rice variety, or the giant embryo maintenance line of ternary hybrid rice or giant embryo recovery system, perhaps giant embryo male sterile line in the two-line hybrid rice or giant embryo recover system.

Method of mutagenesis described in the above-mentioned breeding method can be to shine rice paddy seed with gamma-radiation, and dose rate is 0.1～5Gy/ minute, and dosage is 200～600Gy.

Make non-recurrent parent with the resulting large embryo rice variety of above-mentioned method of mutagenesis, non-large embryo rice variety is that recurrent parent is backcrossed, and the giant embryo proterties is therefrom selected in selfing then, through 5 generations above continuous backcross and selfing, can obtain the large embryo rice variety of corresponding recurrent parent.

Make male parent with the giant embryo maintenance line of breeding in the above-mentioned breeding method, get F as hybridization of female parent with corresponding male sterile line ₁Again with F ₁Be female parent, with the giant embryo maintenance line as male parent backcross first backcross generation BC ₁F ₁, from BC ₁F ₁Select the huge grain of rice that the giant embryo proterties is arranged in the middle brown rice, promptly get corresponding giant embryo male sterile line.

The giant embryo male sterile line and the giant embryo that cultivate with above-mentioned breeding method recover system, combine the giant embryo crossbreed.

The giant embryo kind that cultivates with above-mentioned breeding method and good rice varieties to be transformed hybridize F ₁Seed, plantation F ₁, mix and receive F ₂Seed shells into brown rice, and the wherein 25% giant embryo brown rice of selecting and remain is planted into F ₂Plant colony is from F ₂Plant colony begins and each is selected according to breeding objective with the conventional breeding method, from generation to generation to F later on ₅In generation, can be bred the good giant embryo kind that meets production requirement of economical character.

Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect: (1), can directly obtain giant embryo rice variety or strain by method of mutagenesis, unlike conventional method, also to select economical character etc., save human and material resources than conventional method, speed is fast, and precise and high efficiency; (2), direct mutagenesis maintenance line and recover that system can obtain corresponding giant embryo maintenance line and giant embryo recovers system, backcrossing with giant embryo maintenance line and corresponding male sterile line to get corresponding giant embryo male sterile line, combining becomes the giant embryo crossbreed; (3), significantly improve the fat and the protein content of brown rice, can be increased to 13% protein content and 5% fat content respectively, improved the nutritional quality of rice.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

With dose rate 1Gy/ minute, dry seeds 500 grams of the gamma-radiation of 400Gy dosage irradiation Long Tepu B, M ₁The dense planting clump plants into 10,000 seedlings, more than 20,000 fringes; Mix and receive M ₂Seed shells into brown rice, searches out the giant embryo sudden change grain of rice from brown rice, breeds rice shoot in incubator, cultivates in the field to be M ₂Plant; M ₃Become strain system, breed giant embryo Long Tepu B, be designated as Long Tepu geB.

Embodiment 2

With dose rate 1Gy/ minute, the gamma-radiation of 400Gy dosage shone bright extensive 63 dry seedses, 500 grams, M ₁The dense planting clump plants into 10,000 seedlings, more than 20,000 fringes; Mix and receive M ₂Seed shells into brown rice, searches out the giant embryo sudden change grain of rice from brown rice, breeds rice shoot in incubator, cultivates in the field to be M ₂Plant; M ₃Become strain system, it is bright extensive 63 to breed giant embryo, is designated as bright extensive 63ge.

Embodiment 3

Make male parent with embodiment 1 gained Long Tepu geB, Long Tepu A gets F as hybridization of female parent ₁, be female parent with Long Tepu A then, with F ₁For male parent backcross BC ₁F ₁, mix and receive BC ₁F ₁Grain in the rice strain shells and selects giant embryo brown rice, breeds Long Tepu giant embryo male sterile line, is designated as Long Tepu geA.

Embodiment 4

Make female parent with embodiment 3 gained Long Tepu geA, bright extensive 63ge is a male parent with embodiment 2 gained, combines special excellent 63 hybrid rices of giant embryo, is designated as ge-special excellent 63.

Embodiment 5

Breeding by crossing seed selection giant embryo kind.Select the black paddy of improved seeds to be transformed No. 1, get F with giant embryo inter breed crossing Long Tepu geB ₁, plantation F ₁, mix and receive F ₂1 kilogram in seed shells into brown rice, the wherein 25% giant embryo brown rice of selecting and remain; Plant into F ₂Plant colony is from F ₂Plant colony begins and each is selected according to breeding objective with the conventional breeding method, from generation to generation to F later on ₅In generation, bred the good giant embryo black rice kind that meets production requirement of economical character.

List of references

1.Hikaru?Satoh?and?Takeshi?Omura，New?Endosperm?Mutations?Induced?byChemical?Mutagens?in?Rice.Japan.J.Breed.，31(3)：316～323(1981).

2. loose tail is skilful. assistant rattan etc. and the oil content of giant embryo mutant and fatty acid are formed .Japan.J.Breed., 37:185～191 (1987).

3. favour not. the improvement of China's rice quality. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1993,26 (4): 8-14.

4. Pang Qian woods. China Paddy Rice Inst cultivates successful giant embryo No. 1, Chinese rice, 1997,1 (15).

5. before the money. the huge blastema of paddy rice because of molecule location, rice in China science, 1996,10 (2).

Claims

1, a kind of breeding method of large embryo rice is characterized in that, the using dosage rate is 0.1～5Gy/ minute, and dosage is gamma-radiation irradiation Long Tepu B or bright extensive 63 the seed of 200～600Gy, plantation M ₁Generation, results M ₂In generation, is at M ₂Select the giant embryo sudden change from generation to generation in the seed, promptly obtain large embryo rice variety.

2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described seed is maintenance line or bright extensive 63 the recovery system of Long Tepu B.

3, method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the using dosage rate is 1Gy/ minute, and dosage is that the gamma-radiation irradiation Long Tepu B maintenance line and bright extensive 63 of 400Gy recovers the seed of system, plantation M ₁Generation, results M ₂In generation, is at M ₂Select from generation to generation the giant embryo sudden change in the seed, obtain the bright extensive 63ge of giant embryo Long Tepu geB and giant embryo respectively, be Long Tepu A/ Long Te Pu geB hybridize F ₁, then with F ₁Do maternal, with Long Tepu geB as male parent backcross BC ₁F ₁, therefrom select seed bearing giant embryo person in the rice strain, be giant embryo Long Tepu male sterile line Long Tepu geA.