CN118127051A - 一种StGh93p1基因及其编码蛋白在防治玉米大斑病中的应用 - Google Patents
一种StGh93p1基因及其编码蛋白在防治玉米大斑病中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118127051A CN118127051A CN202410169996.2A CN202410169996A CN118127051A CN 118127051 A CN118127051 A CN 118127051A CN 202410169996 A CN202410169996 A CN 202410169996A CN 118127051 A CN118127051 A CN 118127051A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种StGh93p1基因及其编码蛋白在防治玉米大斑病中的应用,属于基因工程及农作物生物防治领域,该StGh93p1基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,其编码的蛋白质的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。本发明首次揭示了玉米大斑病菌效应蛋白StGh93p1的生物学功能,通过原核表达进一步验证StGh93p1重组蛋白对玉米大斑病具有显著的防治功效,可广泛应用于玉米大斑病的生物防治中。可见,本发明为玉米大斑病的防治提供新的生物制剂,且为新型生物农药的创制和发展奠定了良好的基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及基因工程及农作物生物防治领域,特别是涉及一种StGh93p1基因及其编码蛋白在防治玉米大斑病中的应用。
背景技术
玉米大斑病又称北方叶枯病(Northern corn leafblight,NCLB),是世界玉米产区主要真菌性病害之一。该病害主要危害玉米叶片,严重影响玉米的产量和品质,一般减产20%~30%,严重地块减产达50%以上甚至绝收。引起该病害的病原菌为玉米大斑病菌,其无性态为玉米大斑凸脐蠕孢菌(Exserohilum turcicum(Pass.)Leonard&Suggs)属半知菌突脐蠕孢属;有性态为大斑刚毛座腔菌(Setosphaeria turcica(Luttrell)Leonard&Suggs)属子囊菌门刚毛座腔菌属。
植物在与病原菌协同进化过程中形成了复杂的互作模式。植物主要依靠相互关联的两层先天免疫系统来感知和应对病原体感染。第一层免疫系统是由细胞膜定位的模式识别受体PRRs(Pattern-recognition receptors)直接识别病原菌的病原相关分子模式PAMPs Pathogen-associated molecular patterns)触发的植物免疫,称为PTI(Pattern-triggered immunity)。通过PTI植物能够迅速触发基础免疫,如气孔关闭、活性氧爆发(ROS)、植物激素通路激活、抗毒素的产生以及一些抗病相关基因的表达。此类防御反应可以有效地抑制病原菌的生长,控制寄主病情的发展。针对上述情况,植物由位于胞内的NLR(Nucleotide-binding,Leucine-rich Repeat proteins)受体蛋白直接或间接地感知病原菌的效应蛋白(Effectors)从而触发植物的第二层免疫系统,该系统称为ETI(Effector-triggered immunity)。ETI的发生可引发植物对病原物的超敏反应,使病原物不能在侵入部位获取相应养分,以及诱导周围细胞合成抑制病原物生长所需物质,最终抑制病原物的进一步蔓延。效应蛋白是由植物病原菌分泌的小分子蛋白质,其N端具有信号肽、没有跨膜结构域和GPI锚定位点,且片段富含半胱氨酸,该类蛋白是决定寄主专一性以及能否成功侵染寄主的一个重要因素。
有研究报道表明,植物病原菌分泌的效应因子也可以作为潜在的植物诱导剂,激发寄主植物的免疫抗性。如禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum)分泌的效应因子Fg12,其具有核糖核酸酶(RNase)活性,可以降解RNA,用重组蛋白Fg12处理大豆,可以诱导大豆抵抗多种病原菌,如大豆疫霉、小麦疫霉等。极细链格孢菌中的PeaT1和Hrip1蛋白能够诱导烟草抵抗烟草花叶病毒(TMV),并能提高水稻幼苗的抗逆性。但是玉米大斑病菌分泌的效应因子能否作为潜在的植物免疫诱导剂尚不清楚。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种StGh93p1基因及其编码蛋白在防治玉米大斑病中的应用,以解决上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明首次揭示了玉米大斑病菌效应蛋白StGh93p1的生物学功能,可广泛应用于玉米大斑病的生物防治中,并且为玉米大斑病新型生物农药的创制和发展奠定了良好的基础。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:
本发明提供一种StGh93p1基因,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
本发明还提供上述StGh93p1基因编码的蛋白质,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
本发明还提供包含上述StGh93p1基因的重组载体。
本发明还提供包含上述重组载体的重组菌。
本发明还提供上述StGh93p1基因、上述蛋白质、上述重组载体或上述重组菌在防治玉米大斑病中的应用。
本发明还提供上述StGh93p1基因、上述蛋白质、上述重组载体或上述重组菌在制备防治玉米大斑病的农药中的应用。
本发明还提供一种防治玉米大斑病的生物农药,包含上述的蛋白质。
进一步地,所述蛋白质的有效剂量为0.1-10μM。
本发明还提供一种防治玉米大斑病的方法,包括在玉米作物上喷施上述蛋白质或上述生物农药的步骤。
本发明公开了以下技术效果:
本发明首次揭示了玉米大斑病菌效应蛋白StGh93p1的生物学功能,通过原核表达进一步验证StGh93p1重组蛋白对玉米大斑病具有显著的防治功效,可广泛应用于玉米大斑病的生物防治中。可见,本发明为玉米大斑病的防治提供新的生物制剂,且为新型生物农药的创制和发展奠定了良好的基础。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为玉米大斑病菌候选效应因子基因StGh93p1在侵染玉米不同时期的表达热图;
图2为玉米大斑病菌效应蛋白StGh93p1结构模式图;
图3为玉米大斑病菌基因StGh93p1的PCR扩增检测结果;其中,M为Marker,从下至上依次为100bp、250bp、500bp、750bp、1000bp、2000bp;泳道1-3为StGh93p1的PCR产物;
图4为信号肽分泌功能的验证及候选效应因子对Bax的抑制效果;注:A中a为CMD-W培养基筛选阳性转化子结果;b为TTC显色结果;B为农杆菌侵染烟草的注射方式,分别单独注射只含候选效应因子effector和空载EV的农杆菌作为阴性对照,注射只含Bax的农杆菌和EV+Bax的农杆菌作为阳性对照;C为候选效应因子StGh93p1抑制激发子Bax激发的细胞程序性死亡;
图5为玉米大斑病菌StGh93p1基因原核表达重组载体pET-30a-StGH93P1的酶切结果;其中M为DL2503 Marker,获得目的条带大小为1089bp;
图6为Tricine SDS-PAGE电泳检测及BSA蛋白质浓度标准曲线;注:A为重组蛋白StGh93p1,1为诱导前的菌体沉淀,2为诱导后的菌体沉淀,3为超声破碎后的上清溶液,4为纯化后的重组蛋白,M为蛋白Marker;B为BSA蛋白质浓度标准曲线;
图7为蛋白StGh93p1处理玉米不同时间段后病程相关基因的表达模式;其中,a为基因ZmPR1的表达水平;b为基因ZmPR4b的表达水平;c为基因ZmPR5的表达水平;*表示0.01﹤p﹤0.05,**表示p﹤0.01;
图8为蛋白StGh93p1不同蛋白浓度处理玉米后病程相关基因的表达模式;其中,a为基因ZmPR1的表达水平;b为基因ZmPR4b的表达水平;c为基因ZmPR5的表达水平;*表示0.01﹤p﹤0.05,**表示p﹤0.01;
图9为蛋白StGh93p1诱导玉米抗病能力分析;注:a为喷施无菌水作为空白对照;b为喷施蛋白缓冲液(50mM Tris-HCl,pH 8.0);c为喷施效应因子StGh93p1重组蛋白。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的多种示例性实施方式,该详细说明不应认为是对本发明的限制,而应理解为是对本发明的某些方面、特性和实施方案的更详细的描述。
应理解本发明中所述的术语仅仅是为描述特别的实施方式,并非用于限制本发明。另外,对于本发明中的数值范围,应理解为还具体公开了该范围的上限和下限之间的每个中间值。在任何陈述值或陈述范围内的中间值,以及任何其他陈述值或在所述范围内的中间值之间的每个较小的范围也包括在本发明内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可独立地包括或排除在范围内。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域的常规技术人员通常理解的相同含义。虽然本发明仅描述了优选的方法和材料,但是在本发明的实施或测试中也可以使用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料。本说明书中提到的所有文献通过引用并入,用以公开和描述与所述文献相关的方法和/或材料。在与任何并入的文献冲突时,以本说明书的内容为准。
在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可对本发明说明书的具体实施方式做多种改进和变化,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。由本发明的说明书得到的其他实施方式对技术人员而言是显而易见得的。本发明说明书和实施例仅是示例性的。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”、“含有”等等,均为开放性的用语,即意指包含但不限于。
本研究基于对玉米大斑病菌全基因组数据分析,建立了候选效应因子数据库;对病菌侵染玉米的转录组数据库进行筛选,获得了高水平表达的效应因子88794;对其结构分析表明88794属于糖苷水解酶类效应蛋白;利用酵母分泌系统验证其具有分泌活性;利用本氏烟草瞬时表达系统证明其具有抑制激发子Bax激发的细胞程序性死亡;在原核表达系统中获得了其高效表达的可溶性重组蛋白,证实了该效应蛋白在浓度为1μM时可显著诱导玉米抗大斑病的能力。具体研究如下:
实施例1
1.基因的发现过程
基于玉米大斑病菌基因组数据建立了候选效应因子数据库,并结合病菌侵染感病玉米B73的转录组数据,在侵染玉米72h的数据库中筛选得到一个表达水平显著提高的效应蛋白基因88794(即StGh93p1)(图1)。并使用左引物(ATGCGCCTCTCAACTCTCTT)1μL,右引物(TTACCATGTGCTCATATCGACAAC)1μL,cDNA模板2μL,2×Rapaid Taq Master Mix10μL,ddH2O7μL,对其克隆,获得如下序列:
基因StGh93p1的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示:
注:阴影标记处为信号肽序列。
编码的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示:
MRLSTLFLSLASVASTTAAALSKFQLTQPTFSNNVIFTPPRNAGWTDPEVLYARSAQLSDGSLLATWENYSPEPPKVYFPIYKSVDGGQTWKEISRVQDTQYGYGLRYQPFLYVLPGSIGGYPAGTVLISGSAIPTDLSTTHIELYASRDSGVTWEFVSHIAAGGEARPNNGLTPVWEPFLMMHKQTLICYYSDQRENATYGQKMVHQTTTDLKTWGPVVNDVTYSPYTARPGMPTVAQLPNGKYIMTYEYGGGPAIPSSYQFPVYYKIVDDPEKFGAATGISLKATDGTIPTGSPYVVWTPAGGDNGMIIVNAYSGSQVFVNKGLGQGDWVKIDTPQPNAYTRDLRVLSDTSKLLIMGGGKLPPSTTNAISASVVDMSTW*(SEQ ID NO.2)。
经结构分析表明该效应因子属于糖苷水解酶类,其N端具有信号肽、没有跨膜结构域和GPI锚定位点,且片段富含半胱氨酸,具有效应蛋白的结构特征,属于糖苷水解酶类效应蛋白(图2)。根据其基因ID将其命名为StGh93p1。图3为玉米大斑病菌基因StGh93p1的PCR扩增检测结果。
2.在酵母分泌系统中证明StGh93p1具有分泌活性
本研究采用植物病原真菌领域常规的效应因子分泌活性检测技术。酵母YTK12菌株为缺陷型菌株,无法在CMD-W培养基上正常生长。若效应因子信号肽片段成功克隆到pSUC2载体并转化到酵母菌株YTK12中,则能在CMD-W培养基上正常生长。若信号肽有分泌功能,用TTC检测酶活性,呈现砖红色。Avr1b是大豆疫霉中的一种效应因子,其具有很强的分泌功能,将其作为阳性对照;Mg87是稻瘟病菌中缺乏分泌的功能信号肽片段,将其作为阴性对照。本研究将扩增的信号肽片段以下述引物88-pSUC2-F:GAATTCATGCGCCTCTCAACTCTCTTC;88-pSUC2-R:CTCGAGGTAGTTCTCCCATGTTGCAAGG(信号肽合成引物,下划线为酶切位点),克隆到pSUC2T7M13ORI(pSUC2)的EcoRⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切位点之间,效应因子信号肽片段与缺失起始密码子和信号肽片段的蔗糖酶基因SUC2连接,进行融合表达,成功构建重组质粒pSUC2-StGh93p1-SP。
携带重组质粒pSUC2-StGh93p1-SP、阳性对照pSUC2-Avr1b以及阴性对照pSUC2-Mg87的酵母菌株YTK12在CMD-W培养基上正常生长,而YTK12不能正常生长(图4中A),由以上结果可知,重组载体成功转化酵母菌株YTK12。TTC显色试验中,由图4中A可知,携带重组质粒pSUC2-StGh93p1-SP的酵母菌株能将无色的蔗糖溶液变成红色,与携带阳性对照pSUC2-Avr1b的酵母菌株呈现的结果一致。结果表明,效应因子信号肽StGh93p1-SP具有分泌功能,并结合前期亚细胞定位预测结果在细胞外基质。因此,候选效应因子StGh93p1-SP为胞外分泌蛋白。进一步利用本氏烟草瞬时表达系统验证将携带重组质粒的pGR107-StGH93P1以及空载体的农杆菌注射4~5周龄的本氏烟草叶背面,24h后注射含Bax的农杆菌,培养4~5d后观察结果,发现StGh93p1能够抑制激发子Bax激发的细胞程序性死亡(图4中B-C)。因此,综合上述研究结果,初步鉴定得到糖苷水解酶类效应因子StGh93p1。
其中,重组质粒pGR107-StGH93P1构建方法如下:从JGI数据库中获取候选效应因子cDNA序列,利用BioEdit软件选取ClaⅠ和XmaⅠ为酶切位点,SnapGene Viewer软件设计引物序列,为88-pGR107-F:ATCGATGCCCTCTCCAAGTTCCAGTTG;88-pGR107-R:CCCGGGTTACCATGTGCTCATATCGACAACAC。以野生型01-23玉米大斑病菌cDNA为模板,扩增去除信号肽序列的片段,连接pMD19-T测序载体,进行测序。将测序正确的目的片段和瞬时表达载体pGR107经ClaⅠ和XmaⅠ双酶切后通过T4连接酶连接,构建重组载体pGR107-StGH93P1。对含有重组载体的菌液进行PCR检测,重组质粒进行双酶切验证,正确重组质粒-20℃保存备用。
3.StGh93p1的原核表达及蛋白纯化
以pET-30a为骨架构建StGh93p1的原核表达重组载体,以已构建成功的载体pGR107-StGH93P1为模板,扩增去除信号肽序列和终止密码子的效应因子基因StGH93P1CDS序列,使用左引物(GAGCTCATGGCCCTCTCCAAGTTC)1μL,右引物(AAGCTTCCATGTGCTCATATCGACAAC)1μL,cDNA模板2μL,2×Rapaid Taq Master Mix10μL,ddH2O 7μL获得目的基因片段,将其连接到pET-30a的SacⅠ和HindⅢ之间。
图5为玉米大斑病菌StGh93p1基因原核表达重组载体pET-30a-StGH93P1的酶切结果。
将构建好的原核表达重组载体转化至大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)中进行原核诱导表达。转化后的菌体培养于LB培养基(含50μg/mL硫酸卡那霉素)中(16℃,150rpm),OD600值达到0.6后,添加0.5mM IPTG,16℃继续培养24h后,将液体培养物离心10min(12000rpm,4℃),弃上清,得到重组大肠杆菌沉淀物。使用30mL细胞裂解液重新悬浮菌体,超声波细胞破碎仪对细胞进行破碎(频率300Hz,超声两秒,停两秒,共超声15min,冰浴)。离心10min(12000rpm,4℃),除去细胞残渣,收集上清液,即为重组表达的StGh93p1蛋白。
对其诱导条件进行摸索发现,当诱导温度为16℃,诱导剂IPTG终浓度为0.5mM,转速为150rpm,诱导时间为24h,诱导获得重组蛋白StGh93p1,其分子量为50kDa(图6中A)。将上述保存的诱导后的菌体沉淀,加入0.1M Tris-HCl(pH 8.0),重悬菌体沉淀,然后进行超声破碎,120W、超声5s、间歇10s,若15mL重悬菌液超声总时间为30min左右,将超声后的菌液离心,收集上清,取上清1/10体积的beads于50mL离心管中,将beads置于磁力架上,弃上清在加入10mL平衡液,吹吸混匀beads,置磁力架上,弃上清,重复2次。将获得的上清加入beads中,4℃静音混合2h,弃上清。加入20mLWashing Buffer 1,4℃静音混合10min,弃上清。加入20mLWashing Buffer 2,4℃静音混合10min,弃上清。加入适量体积(500μL)的Elution Buffer 4℃静音混合1h,收集上清即为可溶性的目的蛋白。结果获得的StGh93p1可溶性蛋白,蛋白浓度可达1216μg/mL(图6中B)。
4.StGh93p1纯化蛋白诱导玉米抗病性分析
分别设置重组蛋白StGh93p1浓度为10μM、1μM、0.1μM,并将其分别喷施在已接种玉米大斑病菌菌株01-23(分生孢子悬浮液浓度为105个/mL)的B73玉米叶片上,分别在喷施6h、12h和24h之后取样,使用PerfectStartTM Green qPCR SuperMix试剂盒,按照说明书要求,利用qRT-PCR技术检测玉米病程相关基因ZmPR1、ZmPR4、ZmPR5的表达水平。qRT-PCR数据以Zmactin为内参基因,以蛋白缓冲液(50mM Tris-HCl,pH 8.0)处理后基因ZmPR1、ZmPR4、ZmPR5为对照,采用2-△△t法计算病程相关基因ZmPR1、ZmPR4b和ZmPR5的相对表达量。结果显示,当蛋白浓度为1μM时,这3个玉米病程相关基因在处理24h时表达量均达到最高,分别是对照的10.935倍、31.890倍、4.760倍,表明重组蛋白StGh93p1能够诱导玉米抗性(图7);而且以上述三种不同浓度蛋白分别处理玉米24h,3个抗病基因ZmPR1、ZmPR4、ZmPR5表达量均上调表达,当蛋白浓度为1μM时,ZmPR1和ZmPR4表达量达到最高,当蛋白浓度为0.1μM时,ZmPR5的表达量达到最高,为对照的7.76倍,整体结果表明1μM重组蛋白StGh93p1为诱导玉米抗性的最佳浓度(图8)。选择浓度为1μM的重组蛋白StGh93p1进行诱导玉米抵抗病原菌能力分析,结果发现,重组蛋白StGh93p1处理过后的玉米叶片病斑(1cm左右)明显小于对照无菌水和蛋白缓冲液处理后病斑(4cm左右),表明重组蛋白StGh93p1可以诱导玉米抗玉米大斑病菌(图9)。以上结果表明,效应因子StGh93p1重组蛋白可以作为潜在植物免疫诱导剂具有广阔的应用前景。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种StGh93p1基因,其特征在于,其核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
2.如权利要求1所述StGh93p1基因编码的蛋白质,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.2所示。
3.包含权利要求1所述StGh93p1基因的重组载体。
4.包含权利要求3所述重组载体的重组菌。
5.如权利要求1所述StGh93p1基因、权利要求2所述蛋白质、权利要求3所述重组载体或权利要求4所述重组菌在防治玉米大斑病中的应用。
6.如权利要求1所述StGh93p1基因、权利要求2所述蛋白质、权利要求3所述重组载体或权利要求4所述重组菌在制备防治玉米大斑病的农药中的应用。
7.一种防治玉米大斑病的生物农药,其特征在于,包含权利要求2所述的蛋白质。
8.根据权利要求1所述的生物农药,其特征在于,所述蛋白质的有效剂量为0.1-10μM。
9.一种防治玉米大斑病的方法,其特征在于,包括在玉米作物上喷施权利要求2所述蛋白质或权利要求7所述生物农药的步骤。
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