CN118091105A - Analysis method and analysis device for toxicity of pesticide to bees - Google Patents
Analysis method and analysis device for toxicity of pesticide to bees Download PDFInfo
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- CN118091105A CN118091105A CN202410515929.1A CN202410515929A CN118091105A CN 118091105 A CN118091105 A CN 118091105A CN 202410515929 A CN202410515929 A CN 202410515929A CN 118091105 A CN118091105 A CN 118091105A
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- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 claims description 55
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000256837 Apidae Species 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000605 Toxicity Class Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005653 Bifenazate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N avermectin B1a Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHLKTXFWDRXILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bifenazate Chemical compound C1=C(NNC(=O)OC(C)C)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHLKTXFWDRXILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide toxicity evaluation, and particularly provides an analysis method and an analysis device for bee toxicity by pesticides, wherein the analysis method comprises the steps of spraying two groups of purified water and prepared pesticide aqueous solution onto plants in corresponding plant culture areas, and communicating a bee living area with the corresponding plant culture areas; one group of bees are all transferred to a plant culture area, the other group of bees freely go back and forth between the bee living area and the plant culture area, and then the result is observed; the analysis device consists of a bee transfer device used as a bee living area and a separation frame used as a plant culture area; the bee transfer device is provided with an openable connecting pipe, a tray is arranged in the isolation frame, a gauze is sleeved outside the isolation frame, and the gauze is bound on the connecting pipe to realize the communication between a bee living area and a plant culturing area; the bee transfer device is also provided with a fan and a discharging pipe for feeding bees. The invention can be carried out under laboratory conditions, and the experimental process can not cause unnecessary damage to bees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is suitable for the technical field of pesticide toxicity evaluation, and provides an analysis method and an analysis device for bee toxicity by using pesticides.
Background
Bees are closely related to human life and are important pollination agents, in addition to being used to produce honey after domestication. Particularly, in spring and summer, the period is an important period for honeybee to collect honey and pollinate, and is a period for using a large amount of pesticides at the moment. The pesticide can adhere to the flowers, the bees can drop onto the flowers and enter the flowers when picking up the honey, and the bees can contact a large amount of pesticide in the process, and the pesticide can bring about great influence on the health of the bees and even cause great death of the bees, so that the toxicity of the pesticide to the bees needs to be analyzed so as to judge the influence of the pesticide on the bees after the pesticide is applied and the bees can be released only a few days after the pesticide is applied. The existing experimental analysis part is carried out in the field, namely, a plurality of areas isolated from each other are divided in the field, different pesticides are applied, the condition of bees in the areas is observed, and then analysis is carried out. The analysis method has the advantages of large labor capacity, inconvenient operation and large loss once errors occur. The existing simulation device capable of being carried out in a laboratory also has the defect of relatively large size, and mainly cannot simulate the normal activities of bees, in the experimental devices, bees can only creep in a channel for only containing one bee, the bees are easy to damage, and the experimental operation is also relatively complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks, the present invention aims to provide a method for analyzing the toxicity of a pesticide to bees, comprising the following steps:
s1, culturing flowering plants to be tested in a plurality of mutually independent plant culture areas, wherein a group of plants are cultured in each plant culture area;
S2, preparing bee living areas with the same quantity as the plant culture areas;
s3, preparing 300 milliliters of water solutions of 1:1500, 1:1800, 1:2000, 1:2500 and 1:3000 respectively for the pesticide to be tested, and simultaneously preparing 300 milliliters of purified water;
s4, respectively putting the five pesticide water solutions with different concentrations and the purified water into different watering cans for standby;
S5, uniformly spraying the prepared pesticide aqueous solution and purified water on plants of corresponding groups;
s6, loading honeycombs in the honeybee living areas, transferring a plurality of honeybees from the sealing boxes into the honeybee living areas, wherein the number of the honeybees in each honeybee living area is equal;
S7, 48 hours after the medicine application, selecting 12 bee living areas to be respectively communicated with the corresponding plant culture areas through bee access channels, transferring bees to the plant culture areas in one of two groups of each concentration, and enabling bees of the other group to freely go back and forth between the bee living areas and the plant culture areas;
S7, observing the state and survival condition of each group of bees after waiting for 48 hours, and analyzing the toxicity of the pesticide to the bees.
In the step S6, 10 bees are in each bee living area.
And before the experiment, adding culture solution into each bee living area at regular time and quantity.
The utility model provides an analysis device of pesticide to bee toxicity, includes as the isolation frame of plant cultivation district and as the bee transfer device of honeybee living area, bee transfer device includes the box, the box is cut apart into lower box and last box by detachable baffle, the third lateral wall of going up the box is equipped with the business turn over pipe, business turn over pipe and the one end detachable connection of connecting pipe, the top of going up the box is equipped with the jack, peg graft the picture peg in the jack, the top of picture peg is equipped with the turn over edge that matches with the jack, turn over edge towards one side fixed mounting of last box has magnet, the edge fixed mounting of jack has the iron sheet that matches with magnet; the partition board is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the side wall of the lower box body is provided with a plurality of vent holes; an air inlet is formed in the upper part of the second side wall of the upper box body, and a fan is arranged at the air inlet; the isolation frame comprises a frame body, a tray is detachably arranged in the middle of the frame body, a gauze is sleeved outside the frame body, and the gauze is detachably connected with the connecting pipe.
The first side wall of the upper box body is provided with a box door through a hinge, a fixed seat is arranged in the upper box body, a horizontal stud is fixedly arranged on the fixed seat, a butterfly nut is meshed on the stud, a second through hole matched with the butterfly nut is formed in the box door, and the butterfly nut can prop against the box door.
The third side wall is fixedly provided with a discharging pipe, the top of the discharging pipe is provided with a horizontal shell, the shell is rotationally provided with a plug, the plug is provided with an elastic component which limits the plug in the shell, the top of the shell is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe, and the plug is provided with a blanking hole which can be communicated with the feeding pipe and the discharging pipe.
The plug comprises a cone rotatably arranged in the shell, a rotating handle is fixedly arranged at the large diameter end of the cone, a mounting column is fixedly arranged at the small diameter end of the cone, a rubber band is arranged between the rotating handle and the mounting column, and the blanking hole is formed in the cone.
The plug comprises a cone rotatably installed in the shell, a rotating handle is fixedly arranged at the large-diameter end of the cone, a mounting column is fixed at the small-diameter end of the cone, a baffle is installed at the first end of the mounting column far away from the cone, a spring is further sleeved on the mounting column, one end of the spring is abutted to the baffle, the other end of the spring is abutted to the shell, and the blanking hole is formed in the cone.
The middle part of the connecting pipe is provided with an annular binding groove for binding the gauze.
The drawer is installed in the lower box body, a screw seat is installed on the side wall of the lower box body, a screw is installed on the screw seat, the screw is hinged with one end of the elastic sheet, and the other end of the elastic sheet can be abutted to the drawer.
The invention has the following technical effects:
The whole experiment is simple to operate, convenient to operate and not easy to cause errors.
The invention can be carried out under laboratory conditions, thereby greatly reducing the labor intensity and simultaneously outputting the experimental result more quickly; because of the small scale, the experimental bees and plants used are few, so that even errors do not cause great losses.
In the experiment, each group of plants is isolated by the gauze or the net bag, so that the mutual influence is avoided.
The experimental bees are transferred and cultivated by adopting the special bee transfer device, so that dead injuries of bees in the transfer or cultivation process are avoided, and injuries of experimental personnel can be prevented; the bee transfer device can accurately feed and observe, is simple and convenient to operate, and is convenient to clean.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bee transfer device;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the bee transfer device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the feeding assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a connection pipe;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the bee transfer device;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the internal structure of the bee transfer device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a separator;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a board;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure shown at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a plug;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an isolation rack;
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the tray.
In the figure: 1-a lower box body, 101-a vent hole, 102-a drawer and 103-a handle;
104-elastic lock catches, 1041-screw seats, 1042-screws, 1043-elastic sheets;
2-upper box body, 201-inlet and outlet pipes, 202-plugboards;
203-a separator, 2031-a first through hole;
204-a guide rail, 205-a step hole, 206-a jack, 207-a turning edge, 208-a magnet and 209-a handle;
3-box door, 301-hinge, 302-second through hole;
303-a knob, 3031-a fixed seat, 3032-a butterfly nut and 3033-a stud;
4-feeding component, 401-shell, 402-spring, 403-baffle, 404-feeding pipe;
405-a plug, 4051-a rotating handle, 4052-a cone, 4053-a mounting column and 4054-a blanking hole;
406-a discharge tube;
5-connecting pipes, 501-pipe bodies, 502-binding grooves and 503-external threads;
6-a fan;
7-a first connector, 701-a first rod body;
8-a second connector, 801-a second rod body;
9-a third connector, 901-a third rod body;
100-flowerpot, 200-tray, 2001-body, 2002-couple, 2003-hole of falling into water.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an analysis method of pesticide toxicity to bees, which comprises the following steps:
Firstly, culturing flowering plants to be tested in a plurality of mutually independent plant culture areas according to requirements, and culturing a group of plants in each plant culture area; the environment is a position with sufficient illumination in a laboratory or a position with sufficient illumination, good ventilation and rain prevention.
Then, the same number of bee living areas as the number of plant cultivation areas were prepared.
The pesticide to be tested was then prepared in 300 ml of each of aqueous solutions 1:1500, 1:1800, 1:2000, 1:2500, 1:3000, two portions for each concentration, and two portions of 300 ml of purified water.
Then preparing 12 watering cans, respectively putting five pesticide water solutions with different concentrations and purified water into the different watering cans for standby, and respectively installing two watering cans for each concentration.
Then, the prepared pesticide aqueous solution and purified water are uniformly sprayed on the plants of the corresponding groups. Two groups of spraying agent are sprayed at each concentration, and the spraying agent is sprayed at equal quantity.
Then loading the honeybees in the honeybee living area, transferring a plurality of honeybees from the sealing box into the honeybee living area, wherein the selected honeybees should be in good condition, and the number of the honeybees in each honeybee living area is equal. In this example, there are 10 bees in each bee living area.
Before the experiment, adding nutrient solution, namely bee feed, into each bee living area at regular time and quantity; ensuring the activity of bees. The bee feed is prepared by online shopping according to the prior art.
Then, 48 hours after the medicine application, selecting 12 honeybee living areas to be respectively communicated with corresponding plant culture areas through honeybee access channels, and transferring honeybees to the plant culture areas in one of two groups of each concentration, wherein the other group of honeybees can freely come and go between the honeybee living areas and the plant culture areas to simulate the honeybee honey collection process.
Then, the state and survival of each group of bees were observed after waiting 48 hours. If all bees survived and were in good condition, it was confirmed that administration and release of bees according to the experimental conditions was safe.
In this example all groups of bees survived and were in good condition.
The pesticide in this example is 1% avermectin +20% bifenazate suspension.
The invention also provides an analysis device which is suitable for the analysis method, the analysis device comprises a separation frame used as a plant cultivation area and a bee transfer device used as a bee living area, a gauze is sleeved on the separation frame, and the open end of the gauze is tied on a bee inlet and outlet passage of the bee transfer device by using a binding belt or a rope.
The bee transfer device has a structure shown in figures 1 to 10 and comprises a box body, wherein a detachable partition board 203 is arranged in the middle of the box body, and a plurality of first through holes 2031 are formed in the partition board 203; the box body is divided into a lower box body 1 and an upper box body 2 through the partition plate 203, wherein the upper box body 2 is used for breeding bees, and the lower box body 1 is used for containing sundries falling off from the upper box body 2. A handle 209 for lifting the entire case is installed at the top of the upper case 2, and the handle 209 is hidden.
The first side wall of the upper box body 2 is provided with a box door 3 through a hinge 301, wherein the hinge 301 is positioned on one side of the box door 3 close to the top of the upper box body 2.
The upper case 2 is further provided with a knob 303 for locking the door 3. As shown in fig. 5, the knob 303 includes a fixed seat 3031 fixedly installed in the upper case 2, a horizontal stud 3033 is fixedly installed on the fixed seat 3031, a butterfly nut 3032 is engaged on the stud 3033, and a second through hole 302 matched with the butterfly nut 3032 is formed in the case door 3. In this embodiment, the fixing seat 3031 is fixed at the connection position between the upper case 2 and the lower case 1, i.e., at the position where the partition 203 is installed; two wings of the wing nut 3032 need to be rotated into a horizontal state when the box door 3 is locked; when the door 3 needs to be opened, the two wings of the wing nut 3032 are rotated to be in a vertical state. In order to better lock the door 3, the axis of the wings of the wing nut 3032 is perpendicular to the axis of the stud 3033.
One side of the upper box body 2, which is opposite to the box door 3, namely the third side wall of the upper box body 2 is provided with an inlet and outlet pipe 201 communicated with the inside of the upper box body 2; the inlet and outlet pipe 201 is detachably connected to one end of the connecting pipe 5, specifically, an internal thread is provided in the inlet and outlet pipe 201, and an external thread is provided at the first end of the pipe body 501 of the connecting pipe 5, and the external thread is engaged with the internal thread of the inlet and outlet pipe 201. The inlet and outlet pipe 201 and the connecting pipe 5 together form a bee inlet and outlet passage.
The length of the pipe body 501 is greater than that of the inlet pipe 201, an annular bundling groove 502 is formed in the middle of the pipe body 501, and when the gauze is bundled on the bee inlet and outlet passage, the bundling groove 502 is formed by the bundling belt or rope, so that the gauze is bundled more firmly, and the gauze cannot fall off.
The upper box body 2 is internally inserted with a plugboard 202 for plugging the inlet and outlet pipe 201, specifically, the top of the upper box body 2 is provided with a plughole 206, the plugboard 202 is inserted into the plughole 206, the top of the plugboard 202 is provided with a turning edge 207 matched with the plughole 206, one side of the turning edge 207, which faces the upper box body 2, is fixedly provided with a magnet 208, and the edge of the plughole 206 is fixedly provided with an iron sheet matched with the magnet 208.
Two mutually parallel guide rails 204 are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the third side wall of the upper box body 2, and the plugboard 202 is inserted between the two guide rails 204, so that the plugboard 202 is more stable.
And a feeding component 4 is fixedly arranged on the third side wall of the upper box body 2, and the feeding component 4 is used for adding nutrient solution for feeding bees into the upper box body 2.
The feeding assembly 4 is constructed as shown in fig. 3 and 10, and comprises a cylindrical housing 401, wherein the axis of the housing 401 is horizontal; the top and the bottom of the shell 401 are respectively fixedly provided with a feed pipe 404 and a discharge pipe 406, namely, the feed pipe 404 and the discharge pipe 406 are respectively positioned at two ends of the same vertical diameter of the shell 401. Both the feed pipe 404 and the discharge pipe 406 communicate with the housing 401. The tapping pipe 406 is fixed to the third side wall and penetrates the third side wall.
A rotatable plug 405 is mounted in the housing 401; the plug 405 is shown in fig. 10, and includes a taper 4052, where the taper 4052 has a length equal to that of the housing 401 and is in rotation fit with the housing 401, i.e., the housing 401 has a tapered mounting hole matching the taper 4052; the cone 4052 is provided with a through blanking hole 4054, and the blanking hole 4054 is matched with the feeding pipe 404 and the discharging pipe 406, that is, the nutrient solution in the feeding pipe 404 passes through the blanking hole 4054 and then enters the discharging pipe 406.
A rotating handle 4051 is fixedly arranged at the large diameter end of the cone 4052 and is used for twisting the cone 4052, a mounting column 4053 is fixedly arranged at the small diameter end of the cone 4052, and the diameter of the mounting column 4053 is equal to the diameter of the small diameter end of the cone 4052; a baffle 403 is arranged at the first end of the mounting column 4053 far away from the cone 4052, a spring 402 is sleeved on the mounting column 4053, one end of the spring 402 is abutted against the baffle 403, and the other end is abutted against the shell 401; the plug 405 is firmly installed in the housing 401 by the elastic force of the spring 402.
The spring of the present invention may be replaced with a rubber band, which is wrapped between the handle 4051 and the mounting post 4053 without the need for the baffle 403.
The baffle 403 is connected to the mounting column 4053 by a screw or a threaded connection.
In order to ensure the tightness of the feeding component 4, sealing ring grooves are formed in two ends of the mounting hole, sealing rings are mounted in the sealing ring grooves and are tightly matched with the cone 4052, and sealing is achieved.
A stepped hole 205 is provided at the junction of the upper case 2 and the lower case 1, and the partition 203 is placed on the stepped hole 205.
A drawer 102 is installed in the lower case 1, and a handle 103 is installed on the drawer 102. And the drawer 102 is located on the same side as the door 3.
The lower case 1 is further provided with an elastic lock catch 104 for locking the drawer 102, as shown in fig. 9, the elastic lock catch comprises a screw seat 1041 fixedly installed on the side wall of the lower case 1, a screw 1042 is installed on the screw seat 1041, the screw 1042 is hinged with one end of an elastic sheet 1043, and the other end of the elastic sheet 1043 can be abutted against the drawer 102. As shown in fig. 9, the elastic sheet 1043 includes a connection section and an elastic section, and the connection section is hinged with a screw 1042. Pushing the drawer 102 into the lower case 1 rotates the resilient plate 1043 so that the resilient section of the resilient plate 1043 abuts against the drawer 102, thereby fixing the drawer 102.
Two elastic catches 104 are provided, which can make the drawer 102 fixed more firmly.
The drawers 102 need to be opened periodically to remove waste therefrom.
The side wall of the lower box body 1 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 101, the upper part of the second side wall of the upper box body 2 is provided with an air inlet, a fan 6 is arranged at the air inlet, and an electric storage battery is arranged in the fan 6, so that the operation can be continued under the condition that an external power supply is disconnected. The fan 6 belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail.
The fan 6 blows air from the upper part of the upper box body 2 into the box body, and air flow is blown out from the lower box body 1, so that the ventilation and cooling of the inside of the box body are realized, and the peculiar smell in the lower box body 1 can be prevented from entering the upper box body 2.
The top of the handle 209 and the turning edge 207 are flush with the top of the upper case 2 in the unopened state; the top of the feeding component 4 is not higher than the top of the upper box body 2, and the maximum distance between the feeding component 4 and the third side wall of the upper box body 2 is not greater than the length of the inlet and outlet pipe 201; the design is convenient to store, and the box body bee transfer device can be prevented from being unnecessarily damaged.
The box door 3 is used for feeding bees with basic substances such as bees in an upward box body 2 and cleaning the box body; nutrient solution is added through the feed pipe 404, and when feeding, the rotary handle 4051 is rotated, and the size of the area of the blanking hole 4054 communicated with the feed pipe 404 and the discharge pipe 406 is adjusted, so that the adding speed of the nutrient solution is realized.
Bee metabolites and redundant nutrient solution enter the drawer 102 of the lower box body 1; the drawer 102 is periodically removed for cleaning.
The bees are transferred upwards to the upper case 2 or the bees in the upper case 2 are transferred out to pass through the bee entrance and exit passage.
The spacer is constructed as shown in fig. 11 and 12, and includes a frame body and a tray 200.
The frame body comprises four first connecting bodies 7, four second connecting bodies 8 and four third connecting bodies 9; four first connectors 7 are in a plane and are positioned at the top of the frame body, four second connectors 8 are in a plane and are positioned at the middle of the frame body, and four third connectors 9 are in a plane and are positioned at the bottom of the frame body. The first rod body 701 is inserted between two adjacent first connecting bodies 7 and the fourth rod body is inserted between two adjacent second connecting bodies 8; a second rod 801 is inserted between the adjacent first connector 7 and second connector 8. A third rod body 901 is inserted between the adjacent second connector 8 and third connector 9.
The tray 200 comprises a rectangular body 2001, and a plurality of water falling holes 2003 are formed in the bottom of the body 2001; the top of the body 2001 is provided with four hooks 2002, and the four hooks 2002 are respectively matched with four fourth rod bodies, so that the tray 200 is detachably arranged in the middle of the frame body.
The tray 200 is used to place the flowerpot 100 or to hold planting soil for planting experimental plants.
Gaps are reserved between the bottom of the tray 200 and the bottom of the frame body, so that adverse effects of ground temperature on plants can be prevented, and ventilation of the plants is facilitated.
The frame body is covered with a gauze, when bees need to be transferred to the isolation frame, the opening of the gauze is bound on the connecting pipe 5 through a binding belt or a rope, and the inserting plate 202 is opened to allow the bees to naturally enter the isolation frame.
Of course, the present invention is capable of other various embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in light of the present invention by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for analyzing the toxicity of a pesticide to bees, comprising the steps of:
s1, culturing flowering plants to be tested in a plurality of mutually independent plant culture areas, wherein a group of plants are cultured in each plant culture area;
S2, preparing bee living areas with the same quantity as the plant culture areas;
s3, preparing 300 milliliters of water solutions of 1:1500, 1:1800, 1:2000, 1:2500 and 1:3000 respectively for the pesticide to be tested, and simultaneously preparing 300 milliliters of purified water;
s4, respectively putting the five pesticide water solutions with different concentrations and the purified water into different watering cans for standby;
S5, uniformly spraying the prepared pesticide aqueous solution and purified water on plants of corresponding groups;
s6, loading honeycombs in the honeybee living areas, transferring a plurality of honeybees from the sealing boxes into the honeybee living areas, wherein the number of the honeybees in each honeybee living area is equal;
S7, 48 hours after the medicine application, selecting 12 bee living areas to be respectively communicated with the corresponding plant culture areas through bee access channels, transferring bees to the plant culture areas in one of two groups of each concentration, and enabling bees of the other group to freely go back and forth between the bee living areas and the plant culture areas;
S7, observing the state and survival condition of each group of bees after waiting for 48 hours, and analyzing the toxicity of the pesticide to the bees.
2. The method for analyzing the toxicity of a pesticide to bees according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step S6, 10 bees are in each bee living area.
3. The method for analyzing the toxicity of a pesticide to bees according to claim 1, wherein: and before the experiment, adding culture solution into each bee living area at regular time and quantity.
4. An analysis device of pesticide to bee toxicity, characterized in that: the bee transfer device comprises a box body, wherein the box body is divided into a lower box body (1) and an upper box body (2) by a detachable partition board (203), a third side wall of the upper box body (2) is provided with an inlet pipe (201), the inlet pipe (201) is detachably connected with one end of a connecting pipe (5), the top of the upper box body (2) is provided with a jack (206), a plug board (202) is inserted into the jack (206), the top of the plug board (202) is provided with a turning edge (207) matched with the jack (206), a magnet (208) is fixedly arranged on one side, facing the upper box body (2), of the turning edge (207), and an iron sheet matched with the magnet (208) is fixedly arranged at the edge of the jack (206). A plurality of first through holes (2031) are formed in the partition board (203), and a plurality of ventilation holes (101) are formed in the side wall of the lower box body (1); an air inlet is formed in the upper part of the second side wall of the upper box body (2), and a fan (6) is arranged at the air inlet; the isolation frame comprises a frame body, a tray (200) is detachably arranged in the middle of the frame body, a gauze is sleeved outside the frame body, and the gauze is detachably connected with a connecting pipe (5).
5. The apparatus for analyzing the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to bees according to claim 4, wherein: the first side wall of going up box (2) installs chamber door (3) through hinge (301), go up box (2) interior installation fixing base (3031), fixed mounting has horizontally double-screw bolt (3033) on fixing base (3031), the meshing has wing nut (3032) on double-screw bolt (3033), set up second through-hole (302) with wing nut (3032) matching on chamber door (3), wing nut (3032) can support chamber door (3).
6. The apparatus for analyzing the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to bees according to claim 4, wherein: the third side wall is fixedly provided with a discharging pipe (406), the top of the discharging pipe (406) is provided with a horizontal shell (401), the shell (401) is rotatably provided with a plug (405), the plug (405) is provided with an elastic component for limiting the plug (405) in the shell (401), the top of the shell (401) is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe (404), and the plug (405) is provided with a blanking hole (4054) which can be communicated with the feeding pipe (404) and the discharging pipe (406).
7. The apparatus for analyzing the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to bees according to claim 6, wherein: the plug (405) comprises a cone (4052) rotatably installed in the shell (401), a rotating handle (4051) is fixedly arranged at the large-diameter end of the cone (4052), an installation column (4053) is fixedly arranged at the small-diameter end of the cone (4052), a rubber band is arranged between the rotating handle (4051) and the installation column (4053), and a blanking hole (4054) is formed in the cone (4052).
8. The apparatus for analyzing the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to bees according to claim 6, wherein: the plug (405) is including rotating cone (4052) of installing in shell (401), big footpath end fixed mounting of cone (4052) has changeing handle (4051), the path end of cone (4052) is fixed with erection column (4053), baffle (403) are installed to the first end that cone (4052) was kept away from to erection column (4053), spring (402) have still been cup jointed on erection column (4053), the one end butt of spring (402) is on baffle (403), and the other end butt is on shell (401), blanking hole (4054) are seted up on cone (4052).
9. The apparatus for analyzing the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to bees according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein: the middle part of the connecting pipe (5) is provided with an annular binding groove (502) for binding the gauze.
10. The apparatus for analyzing the toxicity of agricultural chemicals to bees according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein: the drawer is installed in lower box (1), install screw seat (1041) on the lateral wall of lower box (1), install screw (1042) on screw seat (1041), screw (1042) are articulated with one end of elastic piece (1043), the other end of elastic piece (1043) can butt at drawer (102).
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| CN202410515929.1A CN118091105A (en) | 2024-04-27 | 2024-04-27 | Analysis method and analysis device for toxicity of pesticide to bees |
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| CN202410515929.1A CN118091105A (en) | 2024-04-27 | 2024-04-27 | Analysis method and analysis device for toxicity of pesticide to bees |
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2024
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