CN107333678B - Method for increasing yield of orychophragmus violaceus seeds and assorted osmidus chinensis nest box - Google Patents
Method for increasing yield of orychophragmus violaceus seeds and assorted osmidus chinensis nest box Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K47/00—Beehives
- A01K47/04—Artificial honeycombs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the yield of orychophragmus violaceus seeds. It includes: the method comprises the steps of osmia panzer feeding, bee pipe and hive arrangement, osmia panzer attractant application, bee pipe and hive recovery and the like. The osmia attractant is prepared from pollen, flower honey and a mixture thereof in a bee tube. The invention also provides a matched osmia panzer nest box, which comprises: beehive, bee pipe, base and water container. The method utilizes the advantages of low temperature resistance, high pollination speed, good pollination effect, simple and convenient management and the like of the osmia panzer, and can obviously improve the seed yield of the orychophragmus violaceus by matching with the osmia attractant and the nest box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of green manure crop or ornamental plant seed production, in particular to a method for improving the yield of February orchids through osmia panzer and an attractant, and also relates to an osmia panzer honeycomb matched with the osmia panzer.
Background
Osmia belongs to a genus osmia in the general bee family (apoidea) and the family melissa (megachilidae). The osmia panzer, the bumblebee, the Chinese bee and the like can be used as pollinating bees, but the living and flower visiting mode of the osmia panzer is different from that of the general pollinating bees. The osmia panzer lives independently, each female bee can grow, and the female bees can independently complete the work of sucking nectar, collecting pollen and breeding offspring after mating. The osmia panzer interview flower is of a top collection type, and the observation of the behavior of the diagonal osmia panzer by people such as Japanese scholars, namely the Tiantaisheng and the like thinks that when the osmia panzer interviews the flower, the contact rate of the pollen carried by the osmia panzer and the flower stigma of the interview flower is 100 percent. Therefore, the osmia panzer is a good pollination insect of brassicaceous vegetables such as Chinese cabbages, rapes and radishes, rosaceous fruit trees such as apples, pears, peaches, cherries, apricots and plums, kiwi fruits and the like. Although February is the same as a crucifer crop, no report on the application of osmia to auxiliary pollination and seed production of February exists at present.
February belongs to early spring flowers, has long flowering phase, is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, yin-resistant and less in plant diseases and insect pests, and is an indispensable green manure crop or ornamental plant for viewing green in winter and flower in early spring in northern areas of China. In the initial flowering period of February, the gas temperature is low, the flower fragrance is light, and osmia is easily attracted by the fragrance of other early-spring green manure or ornamental plants (such as vetch, vetch and the like), so that the pollination effect is greatly reduced, and the seed yield is further influenced. Application of attractants is a common method of increasing pollination and fruit set in an open environment, as exemplified below.
The invention patent application 201510346938.3 discloses a biological pollination method with high fruit set percentage by using a osmia attractant, wherein the components of the osmia attractant in the step of spraying the osmia attractant comprise 3-4 parts of gardenia extract, 5-7 parts of alfalfa flower extract, 1-2 parts of benzyl alcohol, 3-4 parts of veratric acid, 6-7 parts of lavender extract, 8-9 parts of propyl nonalactone and 3-4 parts of maltose.
The invention patent application 201510345874.5 discloses a biological pollination method and application thereof in planting of wild jujube trees in saline-alkali soil, wherein the osmia attractant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-8 parts of benzyl alcohol, 10-12 parts of veratric acid, 4-6 parts of lavender extract, 10-12 parts of propyl nonalactone, 4-6 parts of maltose, 3-5 parts of gardenia extract and 7-8 parts of alfalfa flower extract.
The invention patent application 201510345890.4 discloses a method for biological pollination by osmia panzer and application thereof in hawthorn tree saline-alkali soil planting, wherein the osmia panzer attractant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of benzyl alcohol, 5-6 parts of veratric acid, 4-5 parts of lavender extract, 9-12 parts of propyl nonalactone, 5-8 parts of maltose, 4-5 parts of gardenia extract and 8-10 parts of alfalfa flower extract.
The invention patent application 201610421143.9 discloses an Osmia attractant for pollinating pepper, which provides an Osmia attractant for pollinating pepper, comprising pepper male parent pollen extract, a first aromatic, a first sweetener and water, and a first aromatic, wherein the composition of the first sweetener is selected from date honey and/or sophora honey. At least one of an antibacterial agent, a second flavoring agent, and a second sweetener. The antibacterial agent comprises at least one of streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline; the second aromatic comprises at least one of fructus Jujubae essence, fructus Mali Pumilae essence, fructus Pyri essence, fructus Persicae essence, flos Osmanthi Fragrantis essence, fructus Citri Grandis essence and fructus Citri Limoniae essence; the second sweetener comprises at least one of jujube flower polysaccharide, sophora flower polysaccharide, apple polysaccharide, pear flower polysaccharide, peach polysaccharide, cherry polysaccharide, corn syrup, rice syrup, fructose syrup, maltose, sucrose and maltose.
General analysis of published related patent applications, the composition of osmia attractant generally includes components such as sweeteners, flavoring agents, adjuvants (bactericides, adhesives), and the like, which are basically artificially extracted or synthesized substances. There are problems including: the price is higher, and the production cost of a user is increased; the extraction process is complex and is inconvenient to popularize and utilize; the excessive application of individual chemical substances can pollute the ecological environment and affect the pollination of osmia and the quality safety of agricultural products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the yield of February orchids seeds and a matched osmia hive, and aims to improve the yield of the February orchids seeds by using osmia and an attractant and make up for the technical blank of the application of osmia in the production of the February orchids seeds. The method utilizes the advantages of low temperature resistance, high pollination speed, good pollination effect, simple and convenient management and the like of the osmia panzer, and can obviously improve the seed yield of the orychophragmus violaceus by matching with the osmia attractant and the nest box.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for improving the yield of the orychophragmus violaceus seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) osmia delivery
In the initial flowering period of February, when the lowest temperature is stabilized above 15 ℃ every day, osmia cocoons are taken out from a refrigerating chamber at the temperature of 0-4 ℃ and put into a seed production field, wherein the putting amount of the osmia cocoons is 6000 plus 10000/hm 2 。
The osmia panzer is preferably artificially domesticated apiaria labialis or horned osmia panzer, and preferably the osmia panzer is thrown at 16:00 later. More preferably, the insecticide is sprayed for 7 to 10 days and is thrown in the rainy days without the cloudy weather within 2 days in the future.
(2) Arrange bee pipe and nest box
Flatly paving the osmia panzer cocoons obtained in the step (1) above bee pipes, arranging the bee pipes in a hive, and putting the bee pipes in the amount of 3000- 2 And is 10cm-15cm higher than the ground.
The reed pipe with the length of 8cm-10cm, the diameter of 5mm-9mm and two openings is preferably used as the bee pipe.
Preferably, every 30-50 bee tubes are arranged in 1 nest box, the diameter of the nest box is 20cm-30cm, and the number of the nest boxes put in the nest box is 80-100 per hm 2 . The bee tubes and hives are preferably placed north-south of the site near the water source.
(3) Application of osmia attractant
After the osmia panzer is completely hatched (day 2-3 when the osmia panzer is placed), the temperature is 200L/hm according to 100- 2 The osmia attractant is uniformly sprayed on the top of the February orchis, and the osmia attractant is used for attracting osmia to pollinate.
Preferably spraying the osmia attractant before 08: 00.
(4) Bee collecting pipe and nest box
In the mature period of February podding, recovering a bee tube and a nest box, placing the bee tube in a ventilated and dried room, longitudinally cutting the bee tube after 6 months, taking out a mixture of bee cocoons and pollen nectar, placing the bee cocoons in a refrigerating room at 0-4 ℃, and using the pollen nectar mixture for preparing the osmia attractant.
In addition, the field management of February is an unnecessary step depending on the actual occurrence of the season, and can be solved by the common technical means in the field.
The osmia attractant is prepared by the following steps: and (3) crushing the pollen nectar mixture obtained in the step (4) to particles with the diameter of 0.1mm-0.3mm, adding purified water with the mass of 5-10 times of that of the pollen nectar mixture, uniformly stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner at 30 ℃ for 10min, standing and cooling to room temperature to obtain the osmia attractant.
During the blooming period of orychophragmus violaceus, aphids often appear and can influence the blooming and osmia pollination of orychophragmus violaceus. If aphids appear, the aphids can be killed by spraying 10% flonicamid water dispersible granules during the period of nest returning of the osmia (generally in the evening or in the morning), and the osmia is not affected.
The invention also provides a osmia panzer hive matched with the method, which comprises a hive, a bee tube, a base and a water container; the bee pipe is a reed pipe with openings at two ends and is arranged in the bee box; a cavity for storing the bee tube is arranged in the beehive, and the beehive is arranged on the base; the water container is used for containing water required by the survival of bees.
Preferably, the beehive is a PVC-U straight pipe with two open ends.
Preferably, the water container is placed on the ground near the opening end of the PVC-U straight pipe, and one water container is placed on one side of two opening ends of the PVC-U straight pipe.
Preferably, the beehive comprises a PVC-U straight pipe and two PVC-U90-degree elbows, the PVC-U90-degree elbows are in threaded connection with the opening ends of the PVC-U straight pipe, one side of each of the two opening ends of the PVC-U straight pipe is provided with one PVC-U90-degree elbow to form a pipeline with a U-shaped appearance, and the lower openings of the two PVC-U90-degree elbows face the ground.
Preferably, the water container is suspended and hidden in the PVC-U90-degree elbow.
Preferably, the beehive further comprises an end cover used for closing a lower end opening of the PVC-U90-degree elbow, the end cover is in a groove shape with an upper opening, an external thread used for being in threaded connection with the lower end opening of the PVC-U90-degree elbow is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of a groove wall of the end cover, the end cover is in threaded connection with the lower end opening of the PVC-U90-degree elbow, a partition plate is arranged in a groove cavity of the end cover, the groove cavity in the end cover is divided into a large cavity and a small cavity by the partition plate, the large cavity is a water container used for containing water required by bee survival, and the groove bottom of the small cavity is of an opening structure and used for enabling osmia to enter and exit the beehive.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the flowering phase is identical, and the investment cost is low
The osmia panzer is low temperature resistant, suitable for spring pollination, consistent with the period of the Orchis japonicas, small in moving range, high in pollination speed, good in pollination effect and simple and convenient to manage. The invention takes single cocoons and honeycomb pipes as the throwing units, can flexibly adjust the throwing quantity according to the size of the land, avoids the excessive throwing of the whole box of bees in the traditional method, and greatly saves the throwing cost.
(2) The osmia attractant is safe and effective, and the seed yield increasing effect is obvious
According to the osmia panzer attractant, the pollen nectar mixture is used as the osmia panzer attractant, so that the biological characteristics of osmia panzer are fully utilized, the attraction effect of the aroma information of the orychophragmus violaceus on the osmia panzer is exerted, the osmia panzer introducing amount and the osmia panzer pollination efficiency of a orychophragmus violaceus planting area are obviously improved, the yield of the orychophragmus violaceus seeds is improved by 20.38%, and the oschophragmus violaceus introducing amount is improved by 44.57%. In addition, the attractant belongs to a non-toxic natural component, does not pollute the environment, does not harm people and osmia, has simple production process flow and easy operation, and is a green environment-friendly attractant.
(3) Simple operation and convenient popularization
The invention also provides the osmia attractant and the matched osmia hive, the raw material of the osmia attractant is a pollen flower honey mixture in a bee tube, the processing raw material of the osmia hive is a common PVC tube and a common reed tube in the market, the number of the osmia hive can be adjusted according to the size of the land, and the osmia hive is simple in processing and installation method, low in production cost and convenient to popularize.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a osmia hive according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of the end cap on the right side in fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1 PVC-U straight pipe, a 2 PVC-U90-degree elbow, a 3 bee pipe, 4 end covers, a 401 large cavity, a 402 small cavity, a 403 partition plate and 5 bases.
Detailed Description
In order to explain the technical characteristics of the invention, the following description is made by way of specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a osmia comb box of the present invention; fig. 2 is a front view of the end cap on the right side in fig. 1.
The osmia panzer of the invention comprises a beehive, a beehive tube 3, a base 5 and a water container; the bee pipe 3 is a reed pipe with openings at two ends, and the bee pipe 3 is arranged in the bee box; a cavity for storing the bee tube 3 is arranged in the beehive, and the beehive is arranged on the base 5; the water container is used for containing water required by the survival of bees.
In one embodiment of the application, the beehive is a PVC-U straight pipe 1 with two open ends.
In one embodiment of the present application, the water container is placed on the ground near the open end of the PVC-U straight pipe 1, and one water container is placed on one side of the two open ends of the PVC-U straight pipe 1.
In one embodiment of the application, the beehive comprises a PVC-U straight pipe 1 and two PVC-U90-degree elbows 2, wherein the PVC-U90-degree elbows 2 are in threaded connection with the opening ends of the PVC-U straight pipe 1, one PVC-U90-degree elbow 2 is arranged on one side of each of the two opening ends of the PVC-U straight pipe 1 so as to be connected into a pipeline with a U-shaped appearance, and the lower openings of the two PVC-U90-degree elbows 2 face the ground; the U-shaped pipeline structure prevents the bee pipe 3 in the PVC-U straight pipe 1 from being directly blown by outside wind in the left-right direction, and provides a comfortable living field for osmia.
In one embodiment of the present application, the water container suspension is concealed in the PVC-U90 ° elbow 2; so set up, can utilize PVC-U90 elbow 2 to cover the protection to the water container, greatly reduced external dust and the like dirty fall into the water container for the hydroenergy in the water container keeps clean enough for a longer time, is suitable for the honeybee to drink.
In one embodiment of the present application, the osmia hive further comprises an end cover 4 for closing the lower end opening of the PVC-U90 ° elbow 2, wherein the end cover 4 is in the shape of a groove with an upper opening, an outer circumferential surface of a groove wall of the end cover 4 is provided with an external thread for being in threaded connection with the lower end opening 2 of the PVC-U90 ° elbow, the end cover 4 is in threaded connection with the lower end opening 2 of the PVC-U90 ° elbow, a partition plate 403 is arranged in a groove cavity of the end cover 4, the groove cavity in the end cover 4 is divided into a large cavity 401 and a small cavity 402 by the partition plate 403, the large cavity 401 is a water container for containing water required by bee survival, and a groove bottom of the small cavity 402 is in an open structure for osmia to enter and exit the hive; the end cover 4 is arranged, so that the opening area of the beehive communicated with the outside atmosphere is further reduced, the beehive tends to a closed box body, the influence of outside wind, dust, water and the like on osmia in the beehive is greatly reduced, and a more comfortable living place is provided for osmia; and the bottom of the small cavity 402 is open enough for the osmia to enter and exit the beehive.
The following examples all employ the osmia hive described above.
The invention relates to a method for improving yield of February orchids seeds by using osmia panzer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) osmia delivery
In the initial florescence of February, when the daily minimum temperature is stabilized above 15 ℃ and no rainy weather exists within 2 days in the future, after 16:00, manually domesticated osmia labialis or osmia gonica cocoons are taken out from a refrigerating chamber at 0-4 ℃ and are prepared to be put into a seed production field, wherein the putting quantity of the cocoons is 6000 plus 10000 bees/hm 2 。
(2) Arrange bee pipe and nest box
The cocoons of the step (1) are laid on the bee pipes, the bee pipes are reed pipes with the length of 8-10 cm, the diameter of 5-9 mm and openings at two ends, and the number of the bee pipes put into a bee pipe nest box is 3000 plus 5000 per hm 2 And is 10cm-15cm higher than the ground. Every 30-50 bee tubes are arranged in 1 nest box, the diameter of the nest box is 20cm-30cm, and the number of the nest boxes put in is 80-100 per hm 2 . The bee pipe and the nest box are both close to a water source and are placed in the north-south direction.
(3) Application of osmia attractant
Placing the osmia panzer for 2-3 days, after the osmia panzer is completely hatched and before 08:00, keeping the temperature at 200L/hm 2 The osmia attractant is uniformly sprayed on the top of the orychophragmus violaceus.
During the blooming period of orychophragmus violaceus, aphids often appear and can influence the blooming and osmia pollination of orychophragmus violaceus. If aphids appear, the aphids can be killed by spraying 10% flonicamid water dispersible granules during the period of nest returning of the osmia (generally in the evening or in the morning), and the osmia is not affected.
(4) Bee collecting pipe and nest box
In the mature period of February podding, recovering a bee tube and a nest box, placing the bee tube in a ventilated and dried room, longitudinally cutting the bee tube after 6 months, taking out a mixture of bee cocoons and pollen nectar, placing the bee cocoons in a refrigerating room at 0-4 ℃, and using the pollen nectar mixture for preparing the osmia attractant.
(5) Preparation of osmia attractant
And (3) crushing the pollen nectar mixture obtained in the step (4) to particles with the diameter of 0.1mm-0.3mm, adding purified water with the mass of 5-10 times of that of the pollen nectar mixture, uniformly stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner at 30 ℃ for 10min, standing and cooling to room temperature to obtain the osmia attractant.
In addition, the field management of February is an unnecessary step depending on the actual occurrence of the season, and can be solved by the common technical means in the field.
In order to verify the specific application effect, the following tests are respectively carried out in the invention:
in the specific test process, the orychophragmus violaceus is No. 2 (white flower ornamental variety bred by germplasm resources of crops in Shandong province), is planted in 2015 for 10 months, and is harvested in 2016 for 6 months. The osmia hive is self-made by a PVC-U pipe with the outer diameter of 25cm, the height of the support is 10-15cm, the bee pipe is a reed pipe with the length of 8-10 cm, the diameter of 5-9 mm and two open ends, and the bee pipe is arranged in the honeycomb. Every 40 bee tubes are placed in 1 bee nest. The bee tube and the honeycomb are both close to a water source and are placed in the north-south direction. Pulverizing pollen and nectar mixture in a bee tube to particles with diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm, adding purified water according to a mass ratio of 1:10, stirring uniformly, and performing ultrasonic treatment at 30 ℃ for 10min in an ultrasonic cleaner to obtain the osmia attractant.
(1) Example 1
No. 2 Lulan seeds are sown in 2015 10-month and 13-day in area of 200m 2 (20m × 10m), 2016, 3/month, 7/day, 8000/hm of cocoons 2 4000 bee pipes per hm 2 Nest box 100 per hm 2 The density of (c). Only 160 osmia panzer, 80 bee tubes and 2 hives are thrown. 4L of osmia attractant is uniformly sprayed on the top of February before 08:00 in 3 months and 9 days. And 6, 3 days in month 6, sampling February, measuring yield, recovering the bee tubes and the hive, and longitudinally cutting and investigating the number of the cocoons in day 12 and 6 days in month.
The sampling and yield measuring method comprises the following steps: randomly selecting 3 pieces of 4m 2 In a (2m multiplied by 2m) cell, harvesting, airing, threshing and weighing are carried out separately, and the average value is taken to convert the seed yield (kg/m) 2 )
(2) Comparative example 1
The test conditions are the same as example 1, osmia panzer and nest box are put in, osmia panzer attractant is not applied, and February samples are taken to test the yield and investigate the quantity of cocoons.
(3) Comparative example 2
The test conditions are the same as example 1, no osmia panzer and nest box are put in, no osmia panzer attractant is applied, and the February is sampled to test the yield.
The field test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of cocoon number and seed yield for examples and comparative examples
| Test treatment | Number of cocoons (number) | Amplification (%) | Seed yield (kg/km) 2 ) | Amplification (%) |
| Example 1 | 652 | 44.57 | 517.33 | 20.38-37.03 |
| Comparative example 1 | 451 | / | 429.76 | 13.83 |
| Comparative example 2 | / | / | 377.53 | / |
As can be seen from table 1, the seed yield can be increased by 13.83% by simply putting osmia panzer (comparative example 1) and 37.03% by putting osmia panzer and using attractant (example 1) compared to not putting osmia panzer (comparative example 2). Compared with the simple feeding of osmia panzer (comparative example 1), the feeding of osmia panzer and the use of the attractant (example 1) can improve the seed yield by 20.38%, and the number of cocoons is increased by 44.57%. The results show that the yield of the February orchids seeds can be obviously improved by putting the osmia panzer, the quantity of the introduced osmia panzer can be obviously increased by using the osmia panzer attractant, and the quantity of the cocoons can be obviously improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for improving the yield of the orychophragmus violaceus seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) osmia delivery
In the initial florescence of February, when the daily minimum temperature is stabilized above 15 ℃, osmia cocoons are taken out from the refrigerating chamber and put into a seed production field, and the putting quantity of the osmia cocoons is 6000 plus 10000/hm 2 ；
(2) Arranging bee pipe and beehive
Flatly paving the osmia panzer cocoons obtained in the step (1) above a bee pipe, wherein the bee pipe is arranged in a bee box, and the feeding quantity of the bee pipe is 3000- 2 10cm-15cm higher than the ground;
(3) application of osmia attractant
After all the osmia panzer is hatched, the hatching temperature is 200L/hm according to 100- 2 The osmia attractant is uniformly sprayed on the top of the February orchis, and the osmia attractant is used for attracting osmia to pollinate;
(4) retrieve bee pipe and beehive
In the mature period of the February podding, recovering a bee tube and a beehive, longitudinally cutting the bee tube after 6 months, taking out a mixture of bee cocoons and pollen nectar, placing the bee cocoons in a refrigerating chamber at 0-4 ℃, and using the pollen nectar mixture for preparing a osmia attractant;
the osmia attractant is prepared by the following steps: and (3) crushing the pollen nectar mixture obtained in the step (4) to particles with the diameter of 0.1mm-0.3mm, adding purified water with the mass of 5-10 times of that of the pollen nectar mixture, uniformly stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, standing and cooling to room temperature to obtain the osmia attractant.
2. The method for improving the yield of the February orchids seeds according to claim 1, wherein the osmia in step (1) is artificially domesticated osmia labialis or osmia horneri.
3. The method for increasing yield of February seeds according to claim 1, wherein the osmia panzer in step (1) is dosed 16:00 later.
4. The method for improving the yield of the orychophragmus violaceus seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (2) adopts reed pipes with the length of 8cm-10cm, the diameter of 5mm-9mm and two open ends as bee pipes; every 30-50 bee pipes are arranged in 1 bee box.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the hive and the bee pipe are placed in the north-south direction near the water source.
6. The method for improving the yield of the orychophragmus violaceus seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3) is implemented by spraying osmia attractant before 08: 00; the ultrasonic treatment in the step (4) comprises the following steps: ultrasonic cleaning at 30 deg.C for 10 min.
7. The method for improving the yield of February orchis seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein when aphids appear during the blooming period of February orchis, the aphids are killed by spraying 10% flonicamid water dispersible granules during the nest returning period of the osmia, and the osmia is not affected.
8. The method for improving the yield of the February orchids seeds, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the osmia hive matched with the method is characterized by comprising a hive, a hive pipe, a base and a water container; the bee pipe is a reed pipe with openings at two ends and is arranged in the bee box; a cavity for storing the bee tube is arranged in the beehive, and the beehive is arranged on the base; the water container is used for containing water required by the survival of osmia panzer.
9. The method for increasing yield of orychophragmus violaceus seeds as claimed in claim 8, wherein said beehive comprises a PVC-U straight pipe and two PVC-U90 ° bends, said PVC-U90 ° bends are screwed on the open end of said PVC-U straight pipe, and a PVC-U90 ° bend is arranged on one side of two open ends of said PVC-U straight pipe to connect into a pipeline with a U-shaped appearance, and the lower ends of two PVC-U90 ° bends are open towards the ground; the water container is suspended and hidden in the PVC-U90-degree elbow.
10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising an end cap for closing the lower opening of the PVC-U90 ° elbow, wherein the end cap is in the form of an upper opening groove, an outer circumferential surface of a groove wall of the end cap is provided with an external thread for screwing with the lower opening of the PVC-U90 ° elbow, the end cap is screwed with the lower opening of the PVC-U90 ° elbow, a partition plate is disposed in the groove cavity of the end cap, the partition plate divides the groove cavity in the end cap into a large cavity and a small cavity, the large cavity is a water container for containing water required by osmia existence, and the groove bottom of the small cavity is an opening structure for osmia to enter and exit the beehive.
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