CN118027980A - Red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118027980A CN118027980A CN202311800703.8A CN202311800703A CN118027980A CN 118027980 A CN118027980 A CN 118027980A CN 202311800703 A CN202311800703 A CN 202311800703A CN 118027980 A CN118027980 A CN 118027980A
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- soil conditioner
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- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 lime Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- DEGAKNSWVGKMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O)=C(O)C=C1OC1=C2C=C(CN(CC(O)=O)CC(=O)O)C(O)=C1 DEGAKNSWVGKMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002378 oftasceine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and a preparation method thereof, wherein the red soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 30-35% of cassava straw, 25-30% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 10-15% of cassava alcohol residues, 5-8% of oil cake, 15-20% of lime and 5-10% of light burned magnesium powder. According to the invention, organic materials such as straw, biomass charcoal, oil cake, cassava alcohol residues and the like are combined with alkaline chemical raw materials containing calcium and magnesium such as lime, light burned magnesium powder and the like to prepare the organic and inorganic combined conditioner, and the conditioner is applied to a red soil area, so that the physicochemical properties of soil can be improved, such as the pH value of the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the contents of soil organic matters, effective nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like are increased, and the peanut nutrition and reproductive growth are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Peanuts are important oil crops, and the planting of the peanuts in the red soil area has important significance, however, the red soil has the characteristics of acid, barren, plate and the like, so that the peanut is very easy to grow and develop, the pod is not full or the phenomenon of empty shells is serious, and the planting of the peanuts in the red soil area is limited to a great extent.
Many studies have shown that the lack of plump or empty peanut pods is caused by the lack of calcein in the soil, the red soil is acidic, and most of the soil lacks nutrients such as calcein. In the practical production process, the effective calcium content of the soil is increased by applying lime or chemical soil conditioner, and the method is only suitable for short-term application, has obvious effect, but long-term application of the conditioner can bring the influence of soil hardening and the like, and is extremely unfavorable for sustainable production of peanuts. Therefore, organic materials are also required to be applied to improve the soil structure so as to achieve the effect of continuous peanut production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth, which consists of, by weight, 30-35% of cassava straw, 25-30% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 10-15% of cassava alcohol residues, 5-8% of oil cake, 15-20% of lime and 5-10% of light burned magnesium powder.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is prepared by collecting the stems on the overground parts after the cassava is harvested, and then crushing after air drying.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and firing the raw materials by firing equipment.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is characterized in that the cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is prepared from peanut or rape as raw material by squeezing.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth, which comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
According to the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and the preparation method thereof, organic materials such as straw, biomass charcoal, oil cake, cassava alcohol residues and the like are combined with alkaline chemical raw materials containing calcium and magnesium nutrients such as lime, light burned magnesium powder and the like to prepare the organic and inorganic combined conditioner, and the conditioner is applied to a red soil area, so that the physical and chemical properties of soil can be improved, such as the pH value of the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the contents of soil organic matters, effective nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like are increased, and the nutrition and reproductive growth of the peanut are facilitated.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying examples in order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, but the invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the examples described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The embodiment of the invention provides a red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth, which consists of, by weight, 30-35% of cassava straw, 25-30% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 10-15% of cassava alcohol residues, 5-8% of oil cake, 15-20% of lime and 5-10% of light burned magnesium powder.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is prepared by collecting the stems on the overground parts after the cassava is harvested, and then crushing after air drying. The cassava straw has large biomass and is easy to degrade after returning to the field, so that not only can organic matters be provided, but also the effect of loosening soil can be achieved.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and firing the raw materials by firing equipment. The carbonized peanut shell can be used as a soil conditioner, and the carbon can improve the water retention capacity and air permeability of soil so as to promote plant growth.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is characterized in that the cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material. The cassava alcohol residues are used as biological organic materials for improving soil, so that continuous cropping obstacles of partial crops can be relieved.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is prepared from peanut or rape as raw material by squeezing. The oil cake is a good organic material for improving soil, and also has the effect of relieving continuous cropping obstacle of partial crops.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth, wherein lime can not only promote the pH value of acid soil and the effectiveness of soil nutrients, but also provide calcein nutrition for crops (such as peanuts) with large calcium demand.
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth, wherein light burned magnesium powder is an alkaline material, can be used for improving acid soil, improving the pH value and the content of available nutrients of the soil, and can also provide magnesium element to promote photosynthesis of crops.
The preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
The following examples are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following specific embodiments. The modification can be appropriately performed within the scope of the main claim.
Example 1:
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth consists of 30% of cassava straw, 25% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 15% of cassava alcohol residues, 5% of oil cake, 20% of lime and 5% of light burned magnesium powder in percentage by weight.
The cassava straw is obtained by collecting overground stems after harvesting cassava, air-drying and crushing. The peanut shell biomass charcoal is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and adopting firing equipment for firing. The cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material. The oil cake refers to a cake obtained by squeezing oil from peanut or rape serving as a raw material.
The preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
Example 2:
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth consists of, by weight, 30% of cassava straw, 30% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 10% of cassava alcohol residues, 5% of oil cake, 15% of lime and 10% of light burned magnesium powder.
The cassava straw is obtained by collecting overground stems after harvesting cassava, air-drying and crushing. The peanut shell biomass charcoal is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and adopting firing equipment for firing. The cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material. The oil cake refers to a cake obtained by squeezing oil from peanut or rape serving as a raw material.
The preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
Example 3:
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth consists of 35% of cassava straw, 25% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 12% of cassava alcohol residues, 8% of oil cake, 15% of lime and 5% of light burned magnesium powder in percentage by weight.
The cassava straw is obtained by collecting overground stems after harvesting cassava, air-drying and crushing. The peanut shell biomass charcoal is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and adopting firing equipment for firing. The cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material. The oil cake refers to a cake obtained by squeezing oil from peanut or rape serving as a raw material.
The preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
Example 4:
the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth consists of, by weight, 32% of cassava straw, 28% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 10% of cassava alcohol residues, 6% of oil cake, 16% of lime and 8% of light burned magnesium powder.
The cassava straw is obtained by collecting overground stems after harvesting cassava, air-drying and crushing. The peanut shell biomass charcoal is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and adopting firing equipment for firing. The cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material. The oil cake refers to a cake obtained by squeezing oil from peanut or rape serving as a raw material.
The preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
Example 5:
The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth consists of 30% of cassava straw, 26% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 14% of cassava alcohol residues, 6% of oil cake, 18% of lime and 6% of light burned magnesium powder in percentage by weight.
The cassava straw is obtained by collecting overground stems after harvesting cassava, air-drying and crushing. The peanut shell biomass charcoal is prepared by taking peanut shells as raw materials and adopting firing equipment for firing. The cassava alcohol residues are residues obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by taking cassava as a raw material. The oil cake refers to a cake obtained by squeezing oil from peanut or rape serving as a raw material.
The preparation method of the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth comprises the following steps:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
Comparative example 1
Control 1 is substantially the same as example 1, except that in control 1, the red soil conditioner is composed of 40% of tapioca straw, 15% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 15% of tapioca alcohol residues, 5% of oil cake, 20% of lime and 5% of light burned magnesium powder in percentage by weight.
Comparative example 2
Control 2 is substantially the same as example 1, except that in control 2, the red soil conditioner consists of, by weight, 30% of tapioca straw, 35% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 5% of tapioca alcohol residues, 5% of oil cake, 20% of lime and 5% of light burned magnesium powder.
Comparative example 3
Control example 3 is basically the same as example 1, except that in control example 3, the red soil conditioner consists of, by weight, 30% of cassava straw, 25% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 20% of cassava alcohol residues, 5% of oil cake, 15% of lime and 5% of light burned magnesium powder.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is substantially the same as example 1 except that in comparative example 4, the red soil conditioner is composed of, by weight, 30% of tapioca straw, 25% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 15% of tapioca alcohol residue, 10% of oil cake, 15% of lime, and 5% of light burned magnesium powder.
Comparative example 5
Control 5 is substantially the same as example 1 except that in control 5, the red soil conditioner consists of, by weight, 30% of tapioca straw, 25% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 15% of tapioca alcohol residue, 10% of oil cake, 10% of lime and 10% of light burned magnesium powder.
The effects of the present invention are tested below
Test 1
The test seeds are Yue oil 43, 11 treatments are provided in total, wherein 5 conditioning agents are adopted in examples 1-5, 5 conditioning agents are adopted in comparative examples 1-5, the application amount of the conditioning agents is 200 kg/mu, no conditioning agent is adopted as a reference group, the test seeds are repeated for 4 times, the total number of the conditioning agents is 32 cells, the cell area is 7.5m 2 (3 m multiplied by 2.5 m), 8 rows of peanuts are planted in each cell, 17 holes are sowed in each row, double-seed sowing is adopted, the row spacing is 33cm, the hole spacing is 18cm, and the planting density is about 11200 holes/mu. The dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for each treatment is 8 kg/mu, and each cell is applied with 600g/7.5m 2 of compound fertilizer (15-15-15). All fertilizers and conditioning agents are applied before the sowing ditches are formed in the cells, ditching and sowing are carried out, one cell is immediately covered with soil after sowing, and the other cells are managed according to the conventional method. Sowing for 4 months and 20 days, harvesting for 8 months and 24 days, and testing results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the dosage of Shi Diaoli is increased in the red soil dry land peanut planting process, so that the single-hole full fruit number, the single-hole full fruit weight, the full fruit rate and the yield of the peanuts can be increased, and the single-hole full fruit number, the single-hole full fruit weight, the full fruit rate and the yield of the peanuts are obviously better than those of each control example 1.
Test 2
The exemplary crop is peanut, the exemplary total area is 11 mu, wherein the soil conditioner of each example and the control example is applied for 1 mu, the dosage is 200 kg/mu, the conventional planting (no conditioner is applied) is 1 mu, the sowing time is 4 months and 8 days, the harvesting time is 8 months and 19 days, the cutting ring soil sample is taken for 8 months and 18 days, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are measured, and the results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
As is clear from Table 2, after the conditioner of example 1 is applied to the red soil dry land, the soil volume weight is reduced by 0.16g/cm 3, the total porosity is increased by 5.99 percent, the pH value is increased by 0.62 units, the organic matters are increased by 2.3g/kg, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, the available phosphorus and the quick-acting potassium are respectively increased by 28.0mg/kg, 8.2mg/kg and 63.6mg/kg, the exchangeable calcium is increased by 1.63cmol/kg, the physical and chemical properties of the red soil are effectively improved, and the peanut nutrition and reproductive growth are facilitated. In addition, compared with the conventional red soil, the physical and chemical properties of the red soil can be improved more effectively in the examples 1-5 and the examples 1-5 compared with the comparative examples 1-5, and the peanut nutrition and reproductive growth are facilitated.
In summary, according to the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth and the preparation method provided by the invention, organic materials such as straw, biomass charcoal, oil cake, tapioca alcohol residue and the like are combined with alkaline chemical raw materials containing calcium and magnesium nutrients such as lime, light burned magnesium powder and the like to prepare the organic and inorganic combined conditioner, and the conditioner is applied to a red soil area, so that the physical and chemical properties of soil can be improved, such as the pH value of the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the contents of soil organic matters, effective nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like are increased, and the nutrition and reproductive growth of the peanut are facilitated.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth is characterized by comprising, by weight, 30-35% of cassava straw, 25-30% of peanut shell biomass charcoal, 10-15% of cassava alcohol residues, 5-8% of oil cake, 15-20% of lime and 5-10% of light burned magnesium powder.
2. The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth according to claim 1, wherein the cassava stalks are obtained by collecting the stems on the ground after harvesting cassava, air-drying and pulverizing.
3. The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth according to claim 1, wherein the peanut shell biomass charcoal is prepared by firing peanut shells serving as raw materials by firing equipment.
4. The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth according to claim 1, wherein the cassava alcohol residue is a residue obtained after fermentation production of alcohol by using cassava as a raw material.
5. The red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth according to claim 1, wherein the oil cake is obtained by squeezing oil from peanut or rape.
6. A method for preparing the red soil conditioner for promoting peanut growth as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
Firstly, crushing the components of the red soil conditioner, fully and uniformly mixing, preparing spherical particles with the particle size of 6-7mm by an extrusion granulation method, and packaging and bagging.
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