CN117985892A - 一种含氰废水的处理方法 - Google Patents
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- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJRHUICOVVSGSY-RXMQYKEDSA-N (2s)-2-chloro-3-methylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](Cl)CO OJRHUICOVVSGSY-RXMQYKEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001770 atorvastatin calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- LOQFROBMBSKWQY-ZCFIWIBFSA-N ethyl (3r)-4-cyano-3-hydroxybutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C[C@H](O)CC#N LOQFROBMBSKWQY-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005935 nucleophilic addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C02F2101/18—Cyanides
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- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
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- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含氰废水的处理方法,双氧水产生的HO2‑具有很强的氧化性,氧化降解氰根的同时还可以分解废水中的有机杂质,起到脱色的作用。利用这一点,可在原来工艺的基础上增加调碱和氮气吹脱的工艺,最大限度地提高双氧水反应活性的同时,又避免了氧气的累积产生安全风险,分解产生的气体和小分子杂质通过吹脱进入尾气管线可直接进入火炬焚烧。而留下的废水不仅氰根被除去,氨氮和COD的含量也大大降低。再通过多效蒸发器将废水和盐分离开,便可彻底解决含氰废水难处理的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及废水处理技术领域,具体为一种含氰废水的处理方法。
背景技术
氰化钠是一种重要的化工原料,被广泛用于医药和农药中间体的合成以及金银等贵重金属的提炼和电镀等领域。氰化钠在化学合成过程中可参与亲核取代、亲核加成等化学反应,反应完成后,体系中往往会残留过量的未反应完全的氰化钠,产生大量处理困难的含氰含盐的废水。本专利以合成降血脂药物阿托伐他汀钙关键手性中间体R-4-氰基-3-羟基丁酸乙酯为例,提出了一种绿色高效地处理其合成过程中产生的含氰废水的工艺及装置。
传统的破氰手段是采用次氯酸钠溶液,利用OCl-的氧化性将CN-分解成CO2和N2。但试验后发现,采用这种方法不仅次氯酸钠消耗的量大,实际操作过程中很难将废水中的氰根降低至5ppm以内,并且还会增加废水中的含盐量。
针对上述情况,从而设计了一种氧化降解氰根的同时还可以分解废水中的有机杂质的氰废水处理方法,从而便需要这种含氰废水的处理方法的使用。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种含氰废水的处理方法,解决了上述背景技术中提出的技术问题。
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种含氰废水的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:准备多效蒸发器、夹套和反应器以及尾气管线;
S2:将一定量的含氰废水注入反应器中,先滴加少量液碱,调节pH值到8-9;
S3:通过夹套热水控制温度在40度左右,滴加双氧水进行反应,同时开启氮气进行吹脱;
S4:反应产生的气体(O2、CO2、NH3、少量有机物)通过氮气吹脱进入尾气管线去火炬;
S5:取样检测氰根含量<5ppm,即可转料至多效蒸发器;
S6:通过多效蒸发器将废水和副产品氯化钠分离,废水检测(未检测出、COD<200ppm、氨氮<20ppm)合格后,可直接排入园区污水处理厂。
优选的,所述在碱性条件下产生活性氧的反应机理如下:
H2O2+OH-→HO2-+H2O
H2O2+HO2-→H2O+O2+OH。
优选的,所述双氧水氧化降解氰根的反应方程式如下:
2CN-+O2→2CNO-
CNO-+2H2O→HCO3-+NH3。
有益效果
本发明提供了一种含氰废水的处理方法,本发明中双氧水产生的HO2-具有很强的氧化性,氧化降解氰根的同时还可以分解废水中的有机杂质,起到脱色的作用。利用这一点,可在原来工艺的基础上增加调碱和氮气吹脱的工艺,最大限度地提高双氧水反应活性的同时,又避免了氧气的累积产生安全风险,分解产生的气体和小分子杂质通过吹脱进入尾气管线可直接进入火炬焚烧。而留下的废水不仅氰根被除去,氨氮和COD的含量也大大降低。再通过多效蒸发器将废水和盐分离开,便可彻底解决含氰废水难处理的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述一种含氰废水的处理方法的结构第一流程图示意图。
图2为本发明所述一种含氰废水的处理方法的第二流程图结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-2,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种含氰废水的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:准备多效蒸发器、夹套和反应器以及尾气管线;
S2:将一定量的含氰废水注入反应器中,先滴加少量液碱,调节pH值到8-9;
S3:通过夹套热水控制温度在40度左右,滴加双氧水进行反应,同时开启氮气进行吹脱;
S4:反应产生的气体(O2、CO2、NH3、少量有机物)通过氮气吹脱进入尾气管线去火炬;
S5:取样检测氰根含量<5ppm,即可转料至多效蒸发器;
S6:通过多效蒸发器将废水和副产品氯化钠分离,废水检测(未检测出、COD<200ppm、氨氮<20ppm)合格后,可直接排入园区污水处理厂。
本实施例进一步设置为,所述在碱性条件下产生活性氧的反应机理如下:
H2O2+OH-→HO2-+H2O
H2O2+HO2-→H2O+O2+OH。
本实施例进一步设置为,所述双氧水氧化降解氰根的反应方程式如下:
2CN-+O2→2CNO-
CNO-+2H2O→HCO3-+NH3。。
其详细连接手段,为本领域公知技术,下述主要介绍工作原理以及过程,具体工作如下。
实施例:将一定量的含氰废水转入反应器中,先滴加少量液碱,调节pH值到8-9;然后通过夹套热水控制温度在40度左右,滴加双氧水进行反应,同时开启氮气进行吹脱;反应产生的气体(O2、CO2、NH3、少量有机物)通过氮气吹脱进入尾气管线去火炬;取样检测氰根含量<5ppm,即可转料至多效蒸发器;通过多效蒸发器将废水和副产品氯化钠分离,废水检测(未检测出、COD<200ppm、氨氮<20ppm)合格后,可直接排入园区污水处理厂。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。
Claims (3)
1.一种含氰废水的处理方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:准备多效蒸发器、夹套和反应器以及尾气管线;
S2:将一定量的含氰废水倒入反应器中,先滴加少量液碱,调节pH值到8-9;
S3:通过夹套热水控制温度在40度左右,滴加双氧水进行反应,同时开启氮气进行吹脱;
S4:反应产生的气体(O2、CO2、NH3、少量有机物)通过氮气吹脱进入尾气管线去火炬;
S5:取样检测氰根含量<5ppm,即可转料至多效蒸发器;
S6:通过多效蒸发器将废水和副产品氯化钠分离,废水检测(未检测出、COD<200ppm、氨氮<20ppm)合格后,可直接排入园区污水处理厂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氰废水的处理方法,其特征在于,所述在碱性条件下产生活性氧的反应机理如下:
H2O2+OH-→HO2-+H2O
H2O2+HO2-→H2O+O2+OH。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含氰废水的处理方法,其特征在于,所述双氧水氧化降解氰根的反应方程式如下:
2CN-+O2→2CNO-
CNO-+2H2O→HCO3-+NH3。
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