CN117981877A - 一种解酒护肝组合物及其用途 - Google Patents
一种解酒护肝组合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种解酒护肝组合物及其用途，所述解酒护肝组合物包括鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物和药材提取物，所述药材提取物选自桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、灵芝提取物、枳椇子提取物、陈皮提取物、桔梗提取物、甘草提取物和枸杞子提取物中的至少一种。所述鸡肝活性肽MGH能够促进细胞增殖，抑制酒精引起的细胞损伤；所述鸡肝活性肽MGH与桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、枸杞子提取物、枳椇子提取物和甘草提取物构成组合物，能够有效保护肝脏组织免于酒精损伤，降低转氨酶水平，对抗氧化应激，降低炎症因子的过度表达，为解酒保肝产品的开发提供了新的思路。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域，具体提供了一种解酒护肝组合物及其用途。
背景技术
作为酒类饮品的主要成分——乙醇，可使得饮酒者因饮食失调、厌食和营养吸收不良而面临营养缺乏的风险，饮酒还可能会导致宿醉症状的出现，包括腹泻、口渴、疲劳和氧化应激。急性酒精摄入通常会引发身体和精神综合症状，例如头晕、头痛、疲劳和肌肉疼痛等等，而长期饮酒则可能导致胃肠道炎症、慢性肝病、免疫功能障碍，甚至危及生命。因此，饮酒也成为了一个主要的公共卫生问题，据世界卫生组织(WHO)统计，全球每年约300万人死于酗酒(参见World Health Organization Global status report on alcohol andhealth 2018-Executive summary)。
在人体中，摄入的酒精主要从胃和小肠吸收，肝脏则负责代谢高达90％的酒精。乙醇代谢有两条主要途径：乙醇脱氢酶(alcohol dehydrogenase，ADH)和细胞色素P4502E1(cytochrome P4502E1，CYP2E1)，ADH催化乙醇氧化为乙醛，乙醛又被乙醛脱氢酶(aldehydedehydrogenase，ALDH)进一步氧化为乙酸(参见Jiang,Y.,Zhang,T.,Kusumanchi,P.etal.Alcohol metabolizing enzymes,microsomal ethanol oxidizing system,cytochrome P4502E1,catalase,and aldehyde dehydrogenase in alcohol-associatedliver disease.Biomedicine,2020,8,50)。过量饮酒时，CYP2E1与ADH一起参与乙醇代谢，在这个催化过程中，产生大量的活性氧(reactive oxygen species，ROS)，引发氧化应激(参见Guengerich,P.F.,Avadhani,N.G.Roles of cytochrome P450 in metabolism ofethanol and carcinogens.Adv Exp Med Biol.2018,1032:15-35)。由于大多数氧化途径发生在肝脏中，因此肝脏成为受酒精伤害最大的器官。
醉酒是指体内酒精代谢增加和代谢物形成导致血液中酒精浓度降低时出现的精神和身体症状，饮酒后醉酒症状通常可能持续24小时。为了缓解醉酒症状，防止酒精对机体组织的损伤，一种普遍接受的方法是使用膳食生物活性剂来消除或最大程度地减少醉酒症状的发生，这些生物活性化合物通过刺激参与酒精代谢酶的活性来促进酒精解毒，作为强抗氧化剂来抑制毒性和乙醇引起的氧化应激，并减少胃肠道中的酒精摄取。常见的膳食生物活性剂包括果胶、芦荟多糖、药用植物成分、生物活性肽等等。
果胶是一种多功能、非消化性生物聚合物，俗称膳食纤维，具有广泛的生理作用，包括抗菌活性、营养保健品和药物输送载体以及生物系统中的粘合剂。果胶的解酒特性在于它对乙醇具有多种亲和力，这使得它能够中和乙醇的代谢物，并减轻乙醇引起的疾病。研究表明，与对照组相比，乙醇中毒大鼠口服每100克体重0.2克浓度的果胶可显着降低血液胆固醇、甘油三酯和总脂质，当小鼠在乙醇注射后30分钟摄入果胶时，经气相色谱仪测试后，大多数果胶处理的动物的血液中似乎没有显示乙醇(参见Haynuk,M,Sheremeta,L.Detoxifying effect of apple pectin under experimental acute alcoholintoxication.Medical and Clinical Chemistry,2018,2:72–76)。
芦荟多糖(Aloe vera polysaccharides，AVP)是源自植物芦荟的活性成分，其被证明在存在反应性乙醇诱导代谢物的情况下具有快速解毒作用。据报道，乙醇中毒相关的醉酒症状在喂食AVP的小鼠中明显减轻，与对照组相比，喂食AVP的乙醇中毒小鼠的血清中抗氧化系统状况更好，总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平更低，AVP可使得超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽水平的比活性增加，降低了TNF-α等炎症介质的表达水平(参见Cui,Y,Ye,Q,Wang,H,etal.Hepatoprotective potential of Aloe vera polysaccharides against chronicalcohol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.Journal of the Science of Food andAgriculture,2014,94:1764–1771)。
药用植物可以修复多种毒性引起的疾病，在世界各国引起了广泛关注，与化学药物相比，它们对人体的副作用更小，易于吸收，在体内可发挥多重调节功能，在缓解醉酒症状方面，药用植物成分也得到了广泛应用。Hwang等使用茶树提取物，在缓解醉酒者的疲劳和口渴方面取得了有益成果(Hwang,J H,Kim,M Y.Natural herbal extract complexinduces the degradation of alcohol and acetaldehyde and reduces the breathalcohol concentration.The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology,2020,6:381–392)。You等研究发现鱼腥草、莲叶、茶籽提取物对醉酒大鼠的宿醉症状有改善作用，接受草药提取物治疗的大鼠的血液乙醇和乙醛水平低于对照组(参见You,Y,Lee,H,Chung,C,et al.Effect of mixture including hot water extract of Houttuyniacordata Thunb on ethanol-induced hangover in rats.Journal of the KoreanSociety of Food Science and Nutrition,2016,45:1508–1512)。Yoon等使用含有槲寄生、枸杞、桦褐孔菌和刺五加的组合物可以显着提高乙醇喂养大鼠的血液ADH活性，抑制促炎细胞因子分泌，并治疗乙醇引起的胃损伤(参见Yoon,T J,Jo S Y,Lee S J,etal.Effect of herbal composition,DTS20on alcohol degradation and anti-inflammatory activity.KSBB Journal,2011,26,433–438)。苗晋鑫等(参见CN115737777B)选用葛花、陈皮、茯苓、猪苓、神曲、干姜、丹参、栀子、黄芩、黄连、水飞蓟、枸杞、大麦嫩芽、姜黄素、牡蛎提取物、甲壳素、维生素C多种成分复合组成解酒制剂，能够显著降低酒后血液中乙醇含量，延长醉酒时间，缩短醉酒维持时间，有效减轻饮酒后的多种不适感，具有快速的解酒功效和预防醉酒功效。
生物活性肽是源自生物体的一种短肽，具有多种生物调节功能，在缓解酒精引起的不适症状、保护正常组织免疫酒精代谢损伤中具有积极作用。Adrian等从牡蛎水解物中提取出酪氨酸丙氨酸(YA)肽，可增加乙醇脱氢酶、乙醛脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性，减轻肝组织中CYP2E1活性、ROS产生、细胞凋亡信号和炎症介质，对急性酒精性肝损伤具有保护作用(参见Adrian S.Siregar,Marie Merci Nyiramana,Eun-Jin Kim,et al.Dipeptide YA isResponsible for the Positive Effect of Oyster Hydrolysates on AlcoholMetabolism in Single Ethanol Binge Rodent Models.Mar Drugs.2020；18(10):512)。Wang等从猪肝水解产物中分离出活性肽NTLPHPTAP，能够通过调节ADH/ALDH相互作用降低酒精毒性，保护肝脏组织(参见Zixu Wang,Lujuan Xing,Jiaming Cai,etal.Identification of hepatoprotective peptides from porcine liver and itsinteraction with ethanol metabolizing enzymes in vitro.Food Bioscience.2023,55:103036)。陈德经等公开了一种大鲵肝肽骨肽解酒防痛风蜜制丸及其制备方法，使用大鲵肝肽骨肽与樱桃粉、柚子粉、麝香、葛花蜜等成分构成混合物，能够消除酒气，保护肝脏的作用，防止酒后尿酸升高(参见CN117180397A)。此外，还有报道称从蘑菇、玉米和鸡胸肉中提取出的活性肽，也具有肝脏保护功能。
在上述研究基础上，本发明为进一步提高解酒护肝功效，从鸡肝中分离提取出新型活性肽，并配合药用植物成分，能够有效缓解醉酒症状，保护肝脏等正常组织免于酒精损伤。
发明内容
本发明中的第一方面提供了一种解酒保肝组合物，包括鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物和药材提取物，所述鸡肝活性肽的氨基酸序列为MGHTYSFESDTQAFLKS。
据报道，多种动植物体内均存在具有保肝护肝作用的活性肽类物质，如药用植物、海洋生物等。考虑到动物肝脏代谢功能的相似性，已有学者从猪肝中成功提取出具有保肝活性的生物肽，而相比于猪肝，鸡肝的材料获取更加方便，成本也更加低廉，而且有研究人员从鸡肉中提取出了具有类似功能的活性物质，因此本发明以鸡肝为原料，经过筛选获得了具有较高生物活性的鸡肝活性肽MGH。
经过实验验证，本发明中提供的鸡肝活性肽MGH具有促进细胞增殖，保护肝细胞免疫酒精损伤的功能。考虑到体内环境的复杂性，本发明进一步将所述鸡肝活性肽MGH与药材提取物联合组成解酒保肝组合物，以便提高保护效果。
进一步的，所述鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物的制备方法包括：配置10mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液，调节pH值6.0；配置10mg/mL的MGH肽溶液，并加入最终质量分数为0.5％的羟甲基纤维素钠，调节pH值6.0；将MGH肽溶液逐滴加入壳聚糖溶液中，MGH肽与壳聚糖的质量比为1:20，充分搅拌使其均匀混合，获得鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物。
在初步实验中，鸡肝活性肽MGH能够直接口服并产生生理功能，但考虑到肽类物质容易在体内降解，故本发明中使用羟甲基纤维素钠和壳聚糖作为保护剂，提高肽类物质的稳定性，改善其体内半衰期。
进一步的，所述药材提取物选自桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、灵芝提取物、枳椇子提取物、陈皮提取物、桔梗提取物、甘草提取物和枸杞子提取物中的至少一种。
进一步的，所述药材提取物为桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、枸杞子提取物、枳椇子提取物和甘草提取物。
进一步的，所述药材提取物的制备方法包括：按重量份，称取15-10份桑椹粉，10-5份葛根、8-5份枸杞子、1-5份枳椇子和0.5-2份甘草，混合粉碎；加入100份清水，室温浸泡1h；弃去浸泡液，用清水洗涤3次；加入80份水，85℃煎煮3h；过80目筛，收集滤液；0.04-0.06Mpa减压浓缩至相对密度1.01-1.05；4℃静置30min，浓缩液经12000rpm离心15min，收集上清液，获得药材提取物。
进一步的，药材比例为15份桑椹粉，10份葛根、8份枸杞子、5份枳椇子和2份甘草。
现有技术中已经报告了大量具有保肝和酒精作用的中药材提取物或组合物，本发明在此基础上进行了充分实验验证，在考察了桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、灵芝提取物、枳椇子提取物、陈皮提取物、桔梗提取物、甘草提取物和枸杞子提取物等多种组分后，最终选择了协同效应较好的药材提取物，并优化了其制备工艺。
本发明中的第二方面提供了所述的组合物在制备解酒保肝保健食品中的应用。
进一步的，所述保健食品为饮料。
有益效果
本发明提供了一种解酒护肝组合物及其用途，具体如下有益效果：
(1)筛选出了具有较高生物活性的新型鸡肝活性肽MGH，能够促进细胞增殖，抑制酒精引起的细胞损伤；
(2)筛选并获得了能够与鸡肝活性肽MGH产生较高协同效果的药材提取物；
(3)将鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物与药材提取物构成解酒保肝组合物，并优化了制备工艺；
(4)所述解酒保肝组合物能够有效保护肝脏组织免于酒精损伤，降低转氨酶水平，对抗氧化应激，降低炎症因子的过度表达。
附图说明
图1：MGH肽促细胞增殖能力；
图2：MGH肽与不同药材提取物在细胞模型中对抗酒精损伤；
图3：小鼠肝组织病理切片，A为正常组，B为对照组，C为MGH组，D为组合物组；
图4：动物模型中转氨酶水平检测；
图5：动物血浆中SOD水平检测；
图6：动物血浆中GSH水平检测；
图7：动物肝脏组织匀浆中TNF-α水平检测；
图8：动物肝脏组织匀浆中IL-6水平检测。
具体实施方式
以下实施例中所述实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所述试剂生物材料、检测试剂盒，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径获得。
实施例1鸡肝活性肽MGH的分离筛选和活性鉴定
1.1鸡肝活性肽MGH的分离筛选
取新鲜鸡肝500mg，加入冰预冷的无菌PBS，使用匀浆器充分研磨为组织匀浆；按质量比为1:2配置碱性蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶的混合酶液I，按质量比为5:3配置胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶的混合酶液II；按质量分数0.2％向鸡肝匀浆液中添加混合酶液I，在pH 7.5、温度50℃条件下，反应3h；然后调节pH值至5.0，在按质量分数0.2％向鸡肝匀浆液中添加混合酶液II，在pH 5.0、温度45℃条件下，反应3h；100℃加热30min使酶失活。所得溶液使用200目过滤器过滤，除去组织残渣，所得滤液经过浓缩，并进行喷雾干燥器进行干燥，保持与-80℃冰箱中。
使用LC/MS纯化肽片段的氨基酸序列，获得纯度为95％或更高的氨基酸测序肽以测试其功能。经鉴定，获得了生物活性较高的鸡肝活性肽，命名为MGH，其氨基酸序列为MGHTYSFESDTQAFLKS。
1.2鸡肝活性肽MGH促进细胞增殖
以人正常肝细胞株L-02(购自中国科学院细胞库)和人正常胃细胞GES-1(购自中国科学院细胞库)为对象，考察鸡肝活性肽MGH对其增殖活性的影响。
复苏冻存的细胞，将其置于含有10％胎牛血清、100U/mL青霉素和100U/mL链霉素的DMEM培养基中，在5％CO2、37℃培养箱中培养，细胞生长至85％时，加入胰酶消化传代培养，共传3代。调整细胞密度至1×106个/mL，取100μL接种至96孔板中，随机分为两组，每组3个复孔，分别为MGH组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽；对照组，加入等量DMEM培养基；空白对照组：不含细胞的培养基。在5％CO2、37℃培养箱中培养24h。培养后，每孔加入10μL CCK-8溶液，孵育2h,酶标仪测定波长450nm处吸光度(OD)值，并计算细胞增值率，细胞增值率＝(OD实验组-OD空白对照组)/(OD对照组-OD空白对照组)。结果如图1所示，MGH可显著促进肝细胞和胃细胞增殖，具有较强的保护作用。
实施例2鸡肝活性肽MGH与中药活性成分的协同防护酒精损伤
现有技术已经报道了多种药用植物成分具有解酒保肝功能，本实施例中试图筛选出能够与本申请所提供的鸡肝活性肽产生协同效果的组分，提高保护能力。因此，选用桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、灵芝提取物、枳椇子提取物、陈皮提取物、桔梗提取物、甘草提取物和枸杞子提取物作为候选物质，通过肝细胞株L-02酒精损伤模型进行筛选，所述药物提取物采用水煎法制备，即先浸泡药材1-2h，再加入8-10倍水蒸煮2-4h，过滤除去残渣，浓缩离心后获得相应药材提取物。
复苏并培养L-02细胞，方法参照实施例1。将1×105个细胞接种于96孔板中，随机分组，每组3个复孔，分别为：MGH组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽；MGH+桑椹组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的桑椹提取物；MGH+葛根组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的葛根提取物；MGH+灵芝组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的灵芝提取物；MGH+枳椇子组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的枳椇子提取物；MGH+陈皮组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的陈皮提取物；MGH+枸杞子组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的枸杞子提取物；MGH+桔梗组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的桔梗提取物；MGH+甘草组，加入终浓度为50μg/mL的MGH肽和100μg/mL的甘草提取物；对照组，加入等量培养基。另外以不含细胞的培养基为空白对照组。在5％CO2、37℃培养箱中培养24h后，向各组细胞中加入最终体积分数为5％的酒精，继续培养12h，然后使用CCK8法检测细胞增值率，方法同实施例1。
结果如图2所示，MGH肽对于酒精损伤具有较强的保护作用，与对照组相比，肝细胞增殖率显著提高；在与药材提取物的组合作用中，某些提取物，如陈皮、灵芝等未见明显协同作用，而与桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、枳椇子提取物、甘草提取物和枸杞子提取物的组合，却获得了更高的细胞增值率，说明上述药材提取物能够较好的与本申请所提供的鸡肝活性肽形成生物协同效应，有效对抗酒精引起的细胞损伤。因此本发明中基于所述鸡肝活性肽与桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、枸杞子提取物、枳椇子提取物和甘草提取物，共同开发酒精护肝组合物。
实施例3解酒护肝组合物的制备
本发明中将鸡肝活性肽MGH，与经过初步实验筛选出的具有护肝增强效果的桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、枸杞子提取物、枳椇子提取物和甘草提取物配合，制备解酒护肝组合物，并对鸡肝活性肽MGH进行处理，加入了保护剂以便维持其在口服给药中的生物活性，同时优化了药材成分的提取工艺，进而达到更大的协同效果。
鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物的制备，配置10mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液，调节pH值6.0；配置10mg/mL的MGH肽溶液，并加入最终质量分数为0.5％的羟甲基纤维素钠，调节pH值6.0；将MGH肽溶液逐滴加入壳聚糖溶液中，MGH肽与壳聚糖的质量比为1:20，充分搅拌使其均匀混合，获得鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物。本发明拟开发MGH肽的口服制剂，提高其服用便利性和有效性，因此在复合物中加入了稳定剂羟甲基纤维素钠和壳聚糖，可防止体内环境中对于MGH肽的降解作用，确保口服给药的有效性，提高其生物利用度。
药材提取物的制备：按重量份，称取15份桑椹粉，10份葛根、和8份枸杞子、5份枳椇子和2份甘草，混合粉碎；加入100份清水，室温浸泡1h；弃去浸泡液，用清水洗涤3次；加入80份水，85℃煎煮3h；过80目筛，收集滤液；0.04-0.06Mpa减压浓缩至相对密度1.01-1.05；4℃静置30min，浓缩液经12000rpm离心15min，收集上清液，获得药材提取物。
解酒护肝组合物的制备：将鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物与药材提取物按质量比1:1混合，得到所述解酒护肝组合物，-20℃冷冻保存。
实施例4解酒保肝组合物缓解动物模型中急性酒精损伤
4.1动物分组、给药和急性酒精损伤模型制备
取SPF级ICR小鼠，雄性，体重15-25g，在25℃，湿度40％-70％的动物房中适应性喂养1周，以适应环境。随机将其分为4组，每组10只，分别为：MGH组，每天灌胃100mg/kg的鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物，持续7天；组合物组，每天灌胃100mg/kg的解酒护肝组合物，持续7天；对照组，每天灌胃等体积生理盐水，持续7天；正常组，正常饲养不进行干预。最后一次灌胃结束3h后，除正常组外，按体重一次性灌胃白酒12mL/kg(本实验中选用56度牛栏山二锅头)，建立急性酒精肝损伤模型。
4.2组织学观察
模型建立12h后，取血并处死实验动物。将肝脏组织固定在4％的多聚甲醛溶液中。将固定好的组织用石蜡包埋，切成5μm厚的薄片，然后使用苏木素伊红染色液(H&E)染色，在光学显微镜下观察。
小鼠肝脏组织形态切片如图3所示，正常组肝脏细胞结构正常、细胞质保存良好，细胞核和静脉结构清晰；而对照组，肝细胞轻度肿胀，排列相对紊乱，并出现较多脂肪空泡，说明肝脏组织受到严重损伤；服用MGH复合物可缓解损伤症状，脂肪空泡减少，肝细胞排列得到改善；而组织组中，脂肪空泡已基本消失，肝细胞边界清晰，说明酒精损伤症状得到较大程度上的缓解。
4.3血浆转氨酶检测
眼眶采血，将血液样品收集在抗凝管中，在1500rpm、4℃下离心10min，收集上清液。使用试剂盒(购自南京建成生物工程研究所)检测谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)浓度，具体步骤按照试剂盒说明书进行。
正常情况下，AST和ALT存在于肝细胞中，当肝脏细胞损伤或者坏死后细胞膜通透性增强，使转氨酶透过细胞膜进入循环系统，因此血浆中转氨酶含量通常可作为评价早期肝损伤程度的敏感指标。如图4所示，对照组中AST和ALT含量大幅度提高，说明肝脏组织受到损伤；而MGH复合物组，转氨酶的水平有所下降，说明起到了肝脏保护作用，这一趋势在组合物中得到了进一步加强，说明本发明所提供的MGH与桑椹、葛根、枸杞子、枳椇子、甘草等药材提取物具有较好的协同保护功能。
4.4抗氧化指标检测
氧化损伤是酒精诱导肝脏损伤的重要机制，酒精代谢过程中产生大量活性氧自由基(ROS)，ROS积累会引发肝脏损伤。本发明中使用试剂盒(购自南京建成生物工程研究所)检测血浆中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量，具体步骤按照试剂盒说明书进行。
结果如图5、6所示，酒精损伤使得小鼠血清中SOD和GSH含量大幅度降低，随之而来的氧自由基水平上升。使用MGH后，SOD和GSH水平均有所恢复，并且在组合物组中，桑椹、葛根、枸杞子、枳椇子、甘草等药材提取物的加入使得抗氧化能力加强，尤其是SOD水平显著提高，从而能够有效抑制酒精引起的肝脏损伤。
4.5肝脏组织中炎症因子检测
取肝脏组织研磨后，使用0.9％生理盐水稀释成质量浓度为10％的组织匀浆液，4℃下3000rpm离心15min，分离上清液。使用ELISA试剂盒(购自上海酶免生物科技有限公司)检测组织匀浆中的TNF-α和IL-6含量，具体步骤按照试剂盒说明书进行。
肝脏组织受损后，会释放大量炎症因子，如图7、8所示，在对照组中TNF-α和IL-6含量大幅升高，已超过了正常组织的2倍以上；而使用MGH肽，尤其是使用含有该肽的组合物后，炎症因子的水平有显著下降，这一结果在TNF-α方面更加明显，在IL-6方面则组合物组和MGH组类似，说明酒精损伤的免疫反应较为复杂，各个炎症因子的调节功能和作用通路有所区别。
本发明的实施例是为了示例和描述起见而给出的，而并不是无遗漏的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。很多修改和变化对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明本发明的原理和实际应用，并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解本发明从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。
Claims (9)
1.一种解酒保肝组合物，其特征在于，包括鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物和药材提取物，所述鸡肝活性肽的氨基酸序列为MGHTYSFESDTQAFLKS。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物的制备方法包括：配置10mg/mL的壳聚糖溶液，调节pH值6.0；配置10mg/mL的MGH肽溶液，并加入最终质量分数为0.5％的羟甲基纤维素钠，调节pH值6.0；将MGH肽溶液逐滴加入壳聚糖溶液中，MGH肽与壳聚糖的质量比为1:20，充分搅拌使其均匀混合，获得鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述药材提取物选自桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、灵芝提取物、枳椇子提取物、陈皮提取物、桔梗提取物、甘草提取物和枸杞子提取物中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述药材提取物为桑椹提取物、葛根提取物、枸杞子提取物、枳椇子提取物和甘草提取物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述药材提取物的制备方法包括：按重量份，称取15-10份桑椹粉，10-5份葛根、8-5份枸杞子、1-5份枳椇子和0.5-2份甘草，混合粉碎；加入100份清水，室温浸泡1h；弃去浸泡液，用清水洗涤3次；加入80份水，85℃煎煮3h；过80目筛，收集滤液；0.04-0.06Mpa减压浓缩至相对密度1.01-1.05；4℃静置30min，浓缩液经12000rpm离心15min，收集上清液，获得药材提取物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的组合物，其特征在于，药材比例为15份桑椹粉，10份葛根、8份枸杞子、5份枳椇子和2份甘草。
7.根据权利要求6所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述解酒保肝组合物的制备方法还包括将鸡肝活性肽MGH复合物与药材提取物按质量比1:1混合，得到所述解酒护肝组合物。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的组合物在制备解酒保肝保健食品中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用，其特征在于，所述保健食品为饮料。
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