CN117925528A - 具有增强记忆t细胞表型的修饰t细胞 - Google Patents
具有增强记忆t细胞表型的修饰t细胞 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本公开涉及产生表现出增强的记忆T细胞表型的T细胞的方法,该方法包括:调节T细胞群以增强HMGY的表达和/或功能。在实施方案中,该方法可以包括将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群体,其与不包含该多核苷酸的T细胞相比,HMGY的表达更高,并且该T细胞群体的记忆T细胞表型与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比增强了。在实施方案中,该方法可以包括引入编码与HMGY相关的一个或多个基因的多核苷酸,例如,与HMGY相关的信号传导途径的上游或下游基因和/或与HMGY相关的转录因子。
Description
本发明专利申请是针对申请号:202010722924.8的分案申请,原申请的申请日为:2020年07月24日,发明创造名称为:调节T细胞功能和反应的方法。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于扩增和维持基因修饰的细胞的组合物和方法,及其在治疗包括癌症在内的疾病中的用途。
背景技术
基因靶向某些恶性肿瘤的T细胞已显示出巨大的临床成果。在CAR-T细胞疗法期间,医生会抽取患者的血液并获取其细胞毒性T细胞。在实验室中对细胞进行改造,以攻击特定癌症。基因组编辑技术的最新进展使科学家能够调节T细胞中的基因表达,以增强效应子功能或绕过肿瘤免疫抑制和代谢不利的肿瘤微环境。因此,需要调节T细胞以改进免疫疗法。
发明内容
实施方案涉及产生表现出增强的记忆T细胞表型的T细胞的方法,该方法包括:调节T细胞群以增强HMGY的表达和/或功能。例如,该方法可以包括将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群体,其与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,HMGY的表达更高,并且该T细胞群体的记忆T细胞表型与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比增强了。在实施方案中,该方法可以包括引入编码与HMGY相关的一个或多个基因的多核苷酸,例如,与HMGY相关的信号传导途径的上游或下游的基因和/或与HMGY相关的转录因子。
一些实施方案涉及产生表现出增强的记忆T细胞表型的T细胞的方法,该方法包括:将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群中,其中与不包含所述多核苷酸的T细胞相比,HMGY的表达更高。与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,增强了T细胞群体的记忆T细胞表型。在实施方案中,与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,CD62L和/或CCR7基因表达水平增强。在一些实施方案中,该方法进一步包括培养并测量T细胞群的扩增。在一些实施方案中,与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,T细胞群体的扩增增强了。
本发明内容不旨在标识所要求保护的主题的关键特征或必要特征,也不旨在用于限制所要求保护的主题的范围。
附图说明
参照附图描述具体实施方式。在不同附图中使用相同的参考数字表示类似或相同的项目。
图1显示了HMGY在各种细胞中的表达。
图2和图3为流式细胞术结果,显示了各种细胞中标志物CD62L和CCR7的表达。
图4和5为流式细胞术结果,显示了各种细胞的标志物KLRG和CD137的表达。
图6和7为流式细胞术结果,显示了各种细胞的扩增。
具体实施方式
除非另外定义,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同的含义。尽管可以在本公开的实践或测试中使用与本文描述的那些类似或等同的任何方法和材料,但是描述了优选的方法和材料。出于本公开的目的,以下术语定义如下。
本文使用冠词“一(a)”和“一个(an)”指的是一个或多于一个(即,指的是至少一个)该冠词的语法对象。举例来说,“元件”表示一个元件或多于一个元件。
所谓“约”是指数量,水平,数值,数量,频率,百分比,尺寸,大小,数量,重量或长度相对于参考数量,水平,数值,数量,频率,百分比,尺寸,大小,数量,重量或长度变化多达20%,15%,10%,9%,8%,7%,6%,4%,3%,2%或1%。
如本文所用,术语“激活”或“活化”是指已经充分刺激以诱导可检测的细胞增殖的细胞的状态。激活还可以与诱导的细胞因子产生和可检测的效应子功能相关联。术语“活化/激活的T细胞”特别指正在进行细胞分裂的T细胞。
术语“抗体”以最广义使用,是指单克隆抗体(包括全长单克隆抗体),多克隆抗体,多特异性抗体(例如,双特异性抗体)和抗体片段,只要它们表现出所需的生物学活性或功能即可。本公开内容中的抗体可以以多种形式存在,包括例如多克隆抗体;多克隆抗体、单克隆抗体、Fv、Fab、Fab'和F(ab')2片段;以及单链抗体和人源化抗体(Harlow等,1999,In:Using Antibodies:A Laboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,NY;Harlow等,1989,In:Antibodies:ALaboratory Manual,Cold Spring Harbor,New York;Houston等人;1988,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA85:5879-5883;Bird等人,1988,Science242:423-426。
术语“抗体片段”是指全长抗体的一部分,例如,抗体的抗原结合或可变区。抗体片段的其他实例包括Fab,Fab',F(ab')2和Fv片段;双抗体;线性抗体;单链抗体分子;由抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
术语“Fv”是指包含完整抗原识别和结合位点的最小抗体片段。该片段由紧密结合,非共价结合的一个重链和一个轻链可变区结构域的二聚体组成。通过这两个结构域的折叠,产生六个高变环(3个环来自H链,3个环来自L链),这些氨基酸贡献了氨基酸残基以进行抗原结合并赋予抗体抗原结合特异性。但是,即使单个可变域(或仅包含对抗原具有特异性的三个互补决定区(CDR)的Fv的一半)也具有识别和结合抗原的能力,尽管亲和力低于整个结合位点(二聚体)。
如本文所用,“抗体重链”是指以天然存在的构型存在于所有抗体分子中的两种类型的多肽链中的较大者。如本文所用,“抗体轻链”是指以天然存在的构型存在于所有抗体分子中的两种类型的多肽链中的较小者。κ和λ轻链是指两种主要的抗体轻链同种型。
术语“合成抗体”是指使用重组DNA技术产生的抗体,例如由噬菌体表达的抗体。该术语还包括通过合成编码抗体的DNA分子和DNA分子的表达以获得抗体或获得编码抗体的氨基酸而产生的抗体。使用本领域可获得且众所周知的技术获得合成DNA。
术语“抗原”是指引起免疫应答的分子,其可以涉及抗体产生或特异性免疫活性细胞的活化或两者。抗原包括任何大分子,包括所有蛋白质或肽,或来源于重组或基因组DNA的分子。例如,包含编码引起免疫应答的蛋白质或肽的核苷酸序列或部分核苷酸序列的DNA,因此编码如本文所用的术语“抗原”。抗原不需要仅由基因的全长核苷酸序列编码。可以从包括组织样本,肿瘤样本,细胞或生物流体的生物样本产生,合成或衍生抗原。
如本文所用,术语“抗肿瘤作用”是指与肿瘤体积减少,肿瘤细胞数目减少,转移数目减少,肿瘤细胞增殖减少,肿瘤细胞减少有关的生物学作用。肿瘤细胞的存活,具有肿瘤细胞的受试者的预期寿命的增加,或与癌症状况相关的各种生理症状的改善。首先,也可以通过肽,多核苷酸,细胞和抗体在预防肿瘤发生方面的能力来表现出“抗肿瘤作用”。
术语“自身抗原”是指被免疫系统错误地识别为外源的内源性抗原。自身抗原包括细胞蛋白,磷蛋白,细胞表面蛋白,细胞脂质,核酸,糖蛋白,包括细胞表面受体。
术语“自体”用于描述来自同一受试者的材料,稍后将其重新引入受试者。
术语“同种异体”用于描述衍生自相同物种的不同受试者的移植物。例如,供体受试者可以与受体受试者相关或不相关,但供体受试者具有与受体受试者相似的免疫系统标志物。
术语“异种”用于描述源自不同物种的受试者的移植物。例如,供体受试者来自与受体受试者不同的物种,供体受试者和受体受试者可以在遗传上和免疫学上不相容。
术语“癌症”用于指以异常细胞的快速和不受控制的生长为特征的疾病。癌细胞可以局部或通过血流和淋巴系统扩散到身体的其他部位。各种癌症的实例包括乳腺癌,前列腺癌,卵巢癌,宫颈癌,皮肤癌,胰腺癌,结肠直肠癌,肾癌,肝癌,脑癌,淋巴瘤,白血病,肺癌等。
在整个说明书中,除非上下文另有要求,否则词语“包括”将被理解为暗示包括所述步骤或要素或步骤或要素的组但不排除任何其他步骤或要素或步骤或要素的组。
短语“由...组成”意味着包括并且限于在短语“由...组成”之后的任何事物。因此,短语“由...组成”表示列出的要素是必需的或强制性的,并且不可以存在其它要素。
短语“基本上由......组成”意味着包括在该短语之后列出的任何要素,并且可以包括不干扰或有助于本公开中针对所列要素指定的活动或行动的其他要素。因此,短语“基本上由......组成”表示所列出的要素是必需的或强制性的,但是其他要素是任选的,并且可以存在或不存在,这取决于它们是否影响所列要素的活性或作用。
术语“互补的”和“互补性”是指通过碱基配对规则相关的多核苷酸(即核苷酸序列)。例如,序列“AGT”与序列“TCA”互补。互补性可以是“部分”,其中仅某些核酸碱基根据碱基配对规则进行匹配,或者可能存在“核酸之间的“完全”或“全部”互补。核酸链之间的互补程度对核酸链之间的杂交效率和强度具有重要影响。
术语“对应于”或“对应”是指(a)具有与参考多核苷酸序列的全部或一部分基本上相同或互补或编码与在肽或蛋白质中氨基酸序列相同的氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列的多核苷酸;或(b)具有与参考肽或蛋白质中的氨基酸序列基本上相同的氨基酸序列的肽或多肽。
术语“共刺激配体”是指抗原呈递细胞(例如,APC,树突细胞,B细胞等)上的分子,其特异性结合T细胞上的同源共刺激分子,从而提供除了由例如TCR/CD3复合物与载有肽的MHC分子结合提供的主要信号之外的信号,其介导T细胞应答,包括增殖,激活,分化和其他细胞应答中的至少一种。共刺激配体可包括B7-1(CD80),B7-2(CD86),PD-L1,PD-L2,4-1BBL,OX40L,诱导型共刺激配体(ICOS-L),细胞间粘附分子(ICAM),CD30L,CD40,CD70,CD83,HLA-G,MICA,MICB,HVEM,淋巴毒素β受体,3/TR6,ILT3,ILT4,HVEM,CD7的配体,结合Toll配体受体的激动剂或抗体和与B7-H3特异性结合的配体。共刺激配体尤其还包括与T细胞上存在的共刺激分子特异性结合的激动剂或抗体,例如CD27,CD28,4-1BB,OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原-1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3和特异性结合CD83的配体。
术语“共刺激分子”是指T细胞上的同源结合配偶体,其与共刺激配体特异性结合,由此介导T细胞的共刺激反应,例如增殖。共刺激分子包括MHC I类分子,BTLA和Toll样受体。
术语“共刺激信号”是指信号,其与主要信号(例如TCR/CD3连接)组合导致T细胞增殖和/或关键分子的上调或下调。
术语“疾病”和“病症”可以互换使用,或者可以是不同的,因为特定的疾病或病症可能没有已知的致病因子(因此病因尚未解决),因此尚未被认识到作为一种疾病,但仅作为一种不良状况或综合征,其中临床医生已经确定了一组或多或少特定的症状。术语“疾病”是受试者的健康状态,其中受试者不能维持体内平衡,并且其中如果疾病未得到改善,则受试者的健康继续恶化。相反,受试者中的“病症”是动物能够维持体内平衡的健康状态,但其中动物的健康状况不如没有病症时的健康状态。如果不治疗,疾病不一定会导致动物的健康状况进一步下降。
术语“有效”是指足以实现期望的,预期的或预期的结果。例如,治疗中的“有效量”可以是足以产生治疗或预防益处的化合物的量。
术语“编码”是指多核苷酸中特定核苷酸序列的固有特性,例如基因,cDNA或mRNA,以用作模板,用于在生物学过程中合成具有特定结构的其他聚合物和大分子。核苷酸序列(即rRNA,tRNA和mRNA)或确定的氨基酸序列以及由此产生的生物学特性。因此,如果对应于该基因的mRNA的转录和翻译在细胞或其他生物系统中产生该蛋白质,则该基因编码蛋白质。核苷酸序列与mRNA序列相同的编码链(除了用“U”代替“T”以外)通常都在序列表中提供,非编码链均用作模板用于基因或cDNA转录的“蛋白质”可以称为编码该基因或cDNA的蛋白质或其他产物。
术语“外源性”是指在野生型细胞或生物中不天然存在但通常通过分子生物学技术引入细胞的分子。外源多核苷酸的实例包括编码所需蛋白质的载体,质粒和/或人造核酸构建体。关于多核苷酸和蛋白质,术语“内源性”或“天然的”是指可以在给定的野生型细胞或生物体中发现的天然存在的多核苷酸或氨基酸序列。而且,从第一生物体中分离并通过分子生物学技术转移至第二生物体的特定多核苷酸序列通常被认为是关于第二生物体的“外源”多核苷酸或氨基酸序列。在具体的实施方案中,可以通过分子生物学技术将多核苷酸序列“引入”已经含有这种多核苷酸序列的微生物中,例如以产生另外天然存在的多核苷酸序列的一个或多个另外的拷贝,并且由此有助于过表达编码的多肽。
术语“表达或过表达”是指例如由其启动子驱动的特定核苷酸序列转录和/或翻译成前体或成熟蛋白。“过表达”是指基因产物在转基因生物或细胞中的产量超过正常或非转化生物或细胞中的产量。如本文所定义,术语“表达”是指表达或过表达。
术语“表达载体”是指包含重组多核苷酸的载体,所述重组多核苷酸包括与待表达的核苷酸序列可操作地连接的表达控制(调节)序列。表达载体包括足够的顺式作用元件用于表达;用于表达的其他元件可以由宿主细胞或体外表达系统提供。表达载体包括本领域已知的所有那些,例如粘粒,质粒(例如,裸露的或包含在脂质体中)和掺入重组多核苷酸的病毒(例如,慢病毒,逆转录病毒,腺病毒和腺相关病毒)。
病毒可用于在体外和体内(在受试者中)将核酸递送到细胞中。可用于将核酸递送到细胞中的病毒的例子包括逆转录病毒,腺病毒,单纯疱疹病毒,牛痘病毒和腺伴随病毒。
还存在用于将核酸递送到细胞中的非病毒方法,例如电穿孔,基因枪,声穿孔,磁转染,以及使用寡核苷酸,脂复合物,树状聚合物和无机纳米颗粒。
术语“同源的”是指两个多肽之间或两个多核苷酸之间的序列相似性或序列同一性,当两个比较序列中的位置被相同的碱基或氨基酸单体亚基占据时,例如,如果两个多肽中的每一个中的位置。DNA分子被腺嘌呤占据,然后分子在该位置同源。两个序列之间的同源性百分比是两个序列共有的匹配或同源位置数除以相比的位置数×100的函数。例如,如果两个序列中10个位置中的6个是匹配的或同源的,那么这两个序列是60%同源的。举例来说,DNA序列ATTGCC和TATGGC具有50%的同源性。当两个序列比对时进行比较,以产生最大同源性。
术语“免疫球蛋白”或“Ig”是指一类起抗体作用的蛋白质。包括在这类蛋白质中的五个成员是IgA,IgG,IgM,IgD和IgE。IgA是存在于体内分泌物中的一级抗体,例如唾液,泪液,母乳,胃肠分泌物和呼吸道和泌尿生殖道的粘液分泌物。IgG是最常见的循环抗体。IgM是大多数受试者在初次免疫应答中产生的主要免疫球蛋白。它是凝集、补体结合和其他抗体反应中最有效的免疫球蛋白,并且在防御细菌和病毒方面是重要的。IgD是免疫球蛋白,其没有已知的抗体功能,但可以作为抗原受体。IgE是免疫球蛋白,其通过在暴露于过敏原时从肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞释放介质而介导即时超敏反应。
术语“分离的”是指基本上或基本上不含通常伴随其天然状态的组分的材料。该材料可以是细胞或大分子,如蛋白质或核酸。例如,如本文所用的“分离的多核苷酸”是指已经从天然存在状态的侧翼序列中纯化的多核苷酸,例如已经从通常是正常序列中去除的DNA片段与片段相邻。或者,本文所用的“分离的肽”或“分离的多肽”等是指肽或多肽分子从其天然细胞环境的体外分离和/或纯化,以及与其他组分细胞。
术语“基本上纯化的”是指基本上不含通常与其天然状态相关的组分的物质。例如,基本上纯化的细胞是指已经与其通常以其天然存在或天然状态相关联的其他细胞类型分离的细胞。在一些情况下,基本上纯化的细胞群是指同源的细胞群。在其他情况下,该术语仅指已经与天然状态下天然相关的细胞分离的细胞。在实施方案中,细胞在体外培养。在实施方案中,细胞不在体外培养。
在本公开的上下文中,使用下列普遍存在的核酸碱基的缩写。“A”指的是腺苷,“C”指的是胞嘧啶,“G”指的是鸟苷,“T”指的是胸苷,以及“U”指的是尿苷。
除非另有说明,“编码氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列”包括彼此互为简并版本并且编码相同的氨基酸序列的所有核苷酸序列。短语编码蛋白质或RNA的核苷酸序列也可包括内含子,在一定程度上编码蛋白质的核苷酸序列可在某些版本中包含(一个或多个)内含子。
术语“慢病毒”是指逆转录病毒科的一个属。慢病毒在逆转录病毒中的独特之处在于能够感染非分裂细胞。它们可以将大量遗传信息传递到宿主细胞的DNA中,因此它们是基因传递载体中最有效的方法之一。此外,慢病毒的使用能够将遗传信息整合到宿主染色体中,从而稳定地转导遗传信息。HIV,SIV和FIV都是慢病毒的例子。源自慢病毒的载体提供了在体内实现显著水平的基因转移的手段。
术语“调节”是指与没有治疗或化合物的情况下受试者的反应水平相比,和/或与在其他相同但未治疗的受试者中的反应水平相比,在受试者中应答水平可检测到的增加或减少。该术语包括干扰和/或影响天然信号或反应,从而在受试者,优选人中介导有益的治疗反应。
当核酸置于与另一核酸序列的功能关系中时,它是“可操作地连接”的。例如,如果将前序列或分泌前导序列的DNA表达为参与多肽分泌的前蛋白,则其与多肽的DNA可操作地连接;如果启动子或增强子影响序列的转录,则其与编码序列可操作地连接;或者如果核糖体结合位置被定位以便于翻译,则该核酸体结合位点与编码序列可操作地连接。
术语“在转录控制下”是指与多核苷酸可操作地连接并且在与多核苷酸相关的正确位置和方向上的启动子,以控制(调节)RNA聚合酶的转录起始和多核苷酸的表达。
术语“过表达的”肿瘤抗原或肿瘤抗原的“过表达”旨在表示来自疾病区域(例如患者相关的特定组织或器官内的实体瘤)的细胞中肿瘤抗原的异常表达水平。达到该组织或器官的正常细胞中的表达水平。具有以肿瘤抗原过表达为特征的实体瘤或血液恶性肿瘤的患者可通过本领域已知的标准测定来确定。
实体瘤是通常不包含囊肿或液体区域的异常组织块。实体瘤可以是良性或恶性的。不同类型的实体瘤以形成它们的细胞类型命名(例如肉瘤,癌和淋巴瘤)。实体瘤如肉瘤和癌的实例包括纤维肉瘤,粘液肉瘤,脂肪肉瘤,软骨肉瘤,骨肉瘤,滑膜瘤,间皮瘤,尤文氏瘤,平滑肌肉瘤,横纹肌肉瘤,结肠癌,淋巴恶性肿瘤,胰腺癌,乳腺癌,肺癌,卵巢癌,前列腺癌,肝细胞癌,鳞状细胞癌,基底细胞癌,腺癌,汗腺癌,甲状腺髓样癌,乳头状甲状腺癌,嗜铬细胞瘤皮脂腺癌,乳头状癌,乳头状腺癌,髓样癌,支气管癌,肾细胞癌,肝细胞癌,胆管癌,绒毛膜癌,肾母细胞瘤,宫颈癌,睾丸肿瘤,精原细胞瘤,膀胱癌,黑色素瘤和中枢神经系统肿瘤(如脑胶质瘤(如脑干胶质瘤和混合胶质瘤),胶质母细胞瘤(又称多形性胶质母细胞瘤)),星形细胞瘤,中枢神经系统淋巴瘤,生殖细胞瘤,成神经管细胞瘤,神经鞘瘤,颅咽管瘤,室管膜瘤,松果体,血管母细胞瘤,听神经瘤,少突神经胶质瘤,脑膜瘤,神经母细胞瘤,视网膜母细胞瘤和脑转移瘤)。
实体瘤抗原是在实体瘤上表达的抗原。在实施方案中,实体瘤抗原也在健康组织上以低水平表达。表1中提供了实体瘤抗原及其相关疾病肿瘤的实例。
表格1
组合物的术语“肠胃外施用”包括例如皮下(sc),静脉内(iv),肌内(im),胸骨内注射或输注技术。
术语“患者”,“受试者”和“个体”等在本文中可互换使用,并且是指适用于本文所述方法的任何人或动物。在某些非限制性实施方案中,患者,受试者或个体是人或动物。在实施方案中,术语“受试者”旨在包括其中可引发免疫应答的活生物体(例如,哺乳动物)。受试者的实例包括人和动物,例如狗,猫,小鼠,大鼠及其转基因物种。
需要治疗或有此需要的受试者包括患有需要治疗的疾病,病症或病症的受试者。有此需要的受试者还包括需要治疗以预防疾病,病症或病症的受试者。
术语“多核苷酸”或“核酸”是指mRNA,RNA,cRNA,rRNA,cDNA或DNA。该术语通常是指长度为至少10个碱基的聚合形式的核苷酸,核糖核苷酸或脱氧核苷酸或任一类型核苷酸的修饰形式。该术语包括所有形式的核酸,包括单链和双链形式的核酸。
术语“多核苷酸变体”和“变体”等是指与参考多核苷酸序列显示出实质序列同一性的多核苷酸或在下文定义的严格条件下与参考序列杂交的多核苷酸。这些术语还包括通过添加,缺失或取代至少一个核苷酸而与参考多核苷酸不同的多核苷酸。因此,术语“多核苷酸变体”和“变体”包括其中一个或多个核苷酸已被添加或缺失或被不同核苷酸置换的多核苷酸。就这一点而言,本领域众所周知的是,可以对参照多核苷酸进行包括突变,添加,缺失和取代的某些改变,由此改变的多核苷酸保留参照多核苷酸的生物学功能或活性或相对于参考多核苷酸具有增加的活性(即优化的)。在此描述的多核苷酸变体包括例如与参考多核苷酸序列具有至少50%(以及至少51%至至少99%以及所有整数百分比之间,例如90%,95%或98%)序列同一性的多核苷酸。术语“多核苷酸变体”和“变体”还包括天然存在的等位基因变体和直系同源物。
术语“多肽”,“多肽片段”,“肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用,是指氨基酸残基的聚合物以及其变体和合成类似物。因此,这些术语适用于氨基酸聚合物,其中一个或多个氨基酸残基是合成的非天然存在的氨基酸,例如相应天然存在的氨基酸的化学类似物,以及天然存在的氨基酸聚合物。在某些方面,多肽可以包括通常催化(即增加各种化学反应的速率)的酶促多肽或“酶”。
术语“多肽变体”是指通过添加,缺失或取代至少一个氨基酸残基而与参考多肽序列区分的多肽。在某些实施方案中,通过一个或多个取代将多肽变体与参考多肽区分开来,所述取代可以是保守的或非保守的。在某些实施方案中,多肽变体包含保守取代,并且就此而言,本领域中熟知可以将一些氨基酸改变为具有广泛相似性质的氨基酸,而不改变多肽活性的性质。多肽变体还包括其中一个或多个氨基酸已被添加或缺失或被不同氨基酸残基置换的多肽。
术语“启动子”是指由启动多核苷酸序列的特定转录所需的细胞合成机器或引入的合成机器识别的DNA序列。术语“表达控制(调节)序列”是指在特定宿主生物中表达可操作连接的编码序列所必需的DNA序列。适合于原核生物的控制序列例如包括启动子,任选的操纵子序列和核糖体结合位点。已知真核细胞利用启动子,多腺苷酸化信号和增强子。
术语“结合”,或“与...相互作用”是指识别并粘附于样品或生物体中的第二分子但基本上不识别或粘附于样品中的其他结构上不相关的分子的分子。如本文关于抗体所用的术语“特异性结合”是指识别特定抗原但基本上不识别或结合样品中的其他分子的抗体。例如,特异性结合来自一个物种的抗原的抗体也可以结合来自一个或多个物种的抗原。但是,这种跨物种反应性本身并不会改变抗体的特异性分类。在另一个实例中,特异性结合抗原的抗体也可以结合抗原的不同等位基因形式。然而,这种交叉反应性本身并不会将抗体的分类改变为特异性。在一些情况下,术语“特异性结合”可用于指抗体,蛋白质或肽与第二化学物质的相互作用,意味着相互作用取决于化学物种上的特定结构(例如,抗原决定簇或表位);例如,抗体识别并结合特定的蛋白质结构而不是任何蛋白质。如果抗体对表位“A”具有特异性,则在含有标记的“A”和抗体的反应中,含有表位A的分子(或游离的,未标记的A)的存在将减少与抗体结合的标记A的量。
“统计上显著”意味着结果不可能偶然发生。统计学显著性可通过本领域已知的任何方法确定。常用的重要度量包括p值,如果零假设为真,则p值是观察事件发生的频率或概率。如果获得的p值小于显著性水平,则拒绝虚假设。在简单的情况下,显著性水平定义为p值为0.05或更小。“减少”或“降低”或“减弱”量通常是“统计学上显著的”或生理学上显著的量,并且可以包括约1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4,1.5,1.6,1.7,1.8,1.9,2,2.5,3,3.5,4,4.5,5,6,7,8,9,10,15,20,30,40或50或更多倍(例如100,500,1000)(包括在1和1之间所有整数和小数点,例如1.5,1.6,1.7.1.8等)本文描述的数量或水平的减少。
术语“刺激”是指由刺激分子(例如TCR/CD3复合物)与其同源配体结合而诱导的初级应答,由此介导信号转导事件,例如经由TCR/CD3复合物的信号转导。刺激可以介导某些分子的改变的表达,例如TGF-β的下调和/或细胞骨架结构的重组。
术语“刺激性分子”是指T细胞上与存在于抗原呈递细胞上的同源刺激性配体特异性结合的分子。例如,源自刺激分子的功能性信号传导域是与T细胞受体复合物相关的ζ链。刺激分子包括负责信号转导的结构域。
术语“刺激性配体”是指当存在于抗原呈递细胞(例如,APC,树突状细胞,B细胞等)上时可以与在细胞例如T细胞上的同源结合配偶体(在本文中称为“刺激性分子”)特异性结合的配体,从而介导T细胞的初级应答,包括激活,免疫应答的起始,增殖和类似过程。刺激性配体在本领域中是众所周知的,并且尤其包括装载有肽,抗CD3抗体,超激动剂抗CD28抗体和超激动剂抗CD2抗体的MHC I类分子。
术语“治疗的”是指治疗和/或预防。通过抑制,减轻或消除疾病状态或减轻疾病状态的症状可获得治疗效果。
术语“治疗有效量”是指将引起研究人员,兽医,医生或另一临床医生正在寻求的组织,系统或受试者的生物或医学反应的主题化合物的量。术语“治疗有效量”包括当施用时足以预防所治疗的病症或疾病的一种或多种症状或症状的发展或在一定程度上减轻所述病症或疾病的一种或多种症状或症状的量的化合物。治疗有效量将取决于待治疗的受试者的化合物,疾病及其严重程度和年龄,体重等而变化。
术语“治疗疾病”是指降低受试者经历的疾病或病症的至少一种体征或症状的频率或严重程度。
术语“转染的”或“转化的”或“转导的”是指将外源核酸转移或引入宿主细胞的过程。“转染的”或“转化的”或“转导的”细胞是已经用外源核酸转染,转化或转导的细胞。细胞包括主要受试细胞及其后代。
术语“载体”是指包含分离的核酸并且可用于将分离的核酸递送至细胞内部的多核苷酸。本领域已知许多载体,包括线性多核苷酸,与离子或两亲化合物相关的多核苷酸,质粒和病毒。因此,术语“载体”包括自主复制的质粒或病毒。该术语还包括促进核酸转移到细胞中的非质粒和非病毒化合物,例如聚赖氨酸化合物,脂质体等。病毒载体的实例包括腺病毒载体,腺相关病毒载体,逆转录病毒载体等。例如,慢病毒是复杂的逆转录病毒,除了常见的逆转录病毒基因gag,pol和env之外,还包含具有调节或结构功能的其他基因。慢病毒载体是本领域熟知的。慢病毒的一些实例包括人类免疫缺陷病毒:HIV-1,HIV-2和猿猴免疫缺陷病毒:SIV。通过多次减毒HIV毒力基因产生慢病毒载体,例如,基因env,vif,vpr,vpu和nef被删除,使得载体在生物学上是安全的。
范围:在整个本公开中,可以以范围格式给出本公开的各个方面。应当理解,范围格式的描述仅是为了方便和简洁,并且不应当被解释为对本公开的范围的硬性限制。因此,范围的描述应被认为具有具体公开的所有可能的子范围以及处于那个范围内的单个数值。例如,范围的描述诸如从1至6应被认为具有具体公开的子范围诸如从1至3、从1至4、从1至5、从2至4、从2至6、从3至6等,以及那个范围内的单个数值,例如,1、2、2.7、3、4、5、5.3和6。不管范围的宽度如何,这一点都是适用的。
“嵌合抗原受体”(CAR)分子是至少包括细胞外结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞质结构域或细胞内结构域的重组多肽。在实施方案中,CAR的结构域在相同的多肽链上,例如,嵌合融合蛋白。在实施方案中,结构域在不同的多肽链上,例如,结构域不连续。
CAR分子的细胞外结构域包括抗原结合结构域。抗原结合结构域用于扩增和/或维持修饰的细胞,例如CAR T细胞或用于杀死肿瘤细胞,例如实体瘤。在实施方案中,用于扩增和/或维持修饰细胞的抗原结合结构域结合WBC表面上的抗原,例如细胞表面分子或标记。在实施方案中,WBC是粒细胞,单核细胞和/或淋巴细胞。在实施方案中,WBC是淋巴细胞,例如B细胞。在一些实施方案中,WBC是B细胞。在一些实施方案中,B细胞的细胞表面分子包括CD19,CD22,CD20,BCMA,CD5,CD7,CD2,CD16,CD56,CD30,CD14,CD68,CD11b,CD18,CD169,CD1c,CD33,CD38,CD138,或CD13。在一些实施方案中,B细胞的细胞表面分子是CD19,CD20,CD22或BCMA。在一些实施方案中,B细胞的细胞表面分子是CD19。
修饰的细胞(例如,CAR细胞和T细胞)可以源自干细胞。干细胞可以是成年干细胞,胚胎干细胞,更特别是非人类干细胞,脐带血干细胞,祖细胞,骨髓干细胞,诱导性多能干细胞,全能干细胞或造血干细胞。修饰的细胞也可以是树状细胞,NK细胞,B细胞或T细胞,其选自炎性T淋巴细胞,细胞毒性T淋巴细胞,调节性T淋巴细胞或辅助性T淋巴细胞。在另一个实施方案中,修饰的细胞可以衍生自CD4+T淋巴细胞和CD8+T淋巴细胞。在扩增和遗传修饰本发明的细胞之前,可通过多种非限制性方法从受试者获得细胞来源。T细胞可从许多非限制性来源获得,包括外周血单核细胞,骨髓,淋巴结组织,脐带血,胸腺组织,感染部位的组织,腹水,胸腔积液,脾脏组织和肿瘤。在本发明的某些实施方案中,可以使用本领域技术人员已知的任何数量的T细胞系。在实施方案中,修饰的细胞可源自健康供体,诊断为癌症的患者或诊断为感染的患者。在实施方案中,修饰的细胞是呈现不同表型特征的混合细胞群的一部分。
细胞群体是指两个或多个细胞组成的组。群体的细胞可以是相同的,从而群体是同质的细胞群体。群体的细胞可以是不同的,以使得该群体是细胞的混合群体或异质群体。例如,混合的细胞群可以包括包含第一CAR的修饰细胞和包含第二CAR的细胞,其中第一CAR和第二CAR结合不同的抗原。
术语“干细胞”是指某些具有自我更新能力和分化成其他类型细胞的细胞。例如,干细胞可产生两个子干细胞(如体外培养的胚胎干细胞)或一个干细胞和经历分化的细胞(如例如造血干细胞,上升到血细胞)。可以基于干细胞的来源和/或它们分化为其他类型细胞的能力范围来区分不同类别的干细胞。例如,干细胞可以包括胚胎干(ES)细胞(即,多能干细胞),体细胞干细胞,诱导性多能干细胞和任何其他类型的干细胞。
多能胚胎干细胞存在于胚泡的内部细胞团中,具有先天的分化能力。例如,多能胚胎干细胞有可能在体内形成任何类型的细胞。当长时间在体外生长时,ES细胞保持多能性,因为子代细胞保留了多谱系分化的潜力。
体干细胞可包括胎儿干细胞(来自胎儿)和成体干细胞(存在于各种组织中,例如骨髓)。这些细胞被认为具有低于多能ES细胞的分化能力-胎儿干细胞的能力大于成体干细胞的能力;它们显然只能分化为有限范围的细胞,并被描述为多能干细胞。“组织特异性”干细胞通常仅产生一种类型的细胞。例如,胚胎干细胞可以分化成血液干细胞(例如,造血干细胞(HSC)),其可以进一步分化成各种血细胞(例如,红细胞,血小板,白细胞等)。
诱导的多能干细胞(即,iPS细胞或iPSC)可以包括通过诱导特定基因的表达而人工衍生自非多能细胞(例如,成年体细胞)的一种多能干细胞。诱导的多能干细胞在许多方面类似于天然多能干细胞,例如胚胎干(ES)细胞,例如某些干细胞基因和蛋白质的表达,染色质甲基化模式,倍增时间,胚状体形成,畸胎瘤形成,可行的嵌合体形成以及效价和可分化性。诱导的多能细胞可以由成年的胃,肝,皮肤细胞和血细胞制成。
在实施方案中,用于杀死肿瘤的抗原结合结构域结合肿瘤表面上的抗原,例如肿瘤抗原或肿瘤标记物。肿瘤抗原是由引起免疫应答的肿瘤细胞产生的蛋白质,特别是T细胞介导的免疫应答。肿瘤抗原是本领域公知的,包括例如肿瘤相关MUC1(tMUC1),神经胶质瘤相关抗原,癌胚抗原(CEA),β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素,甲胎蛋白(AFP),凝集素反应性AFP,甲状腺球蛋白,RAGE-1,MN-CA IX,人端粒酶逆转录酶,RU1,RU2(AS),肠道羧基酯酶,muthsp70-2,M-CSF,前列腺素酶,前列腺特异性抗原(PSA),PAP,NY-ESO-1,LAGE-1a,p53,prostein,PSMA,Her2/neu,存活素,端粒酶,前列腺癌肿瘤抗原-1(PCTA-1),MAGE,ELF2M,中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶,ephrinB2,CD22,胰岛素生长因子(IGF)-I,IGF-II,IGF-I受体,CD19和间皮素。例如,当肿瘤抗原是CD19时,其CAR可以称为CD19CAR或19CAR,其是包含结合CD19的抗原结合结构域的CAR分子。
在实施方案中,CAR的细胞外抗原结合结构域包括至少一种scFv或至少单结构域抗体。例如,CAR上可以有两个scFv。scFv包括通过柔性接头连接的靶抗原特异性单克隆抗体的轻链可变区(VL)和重链可变区(VH)。可以通过使用短连接肽连接轻链和/或重链可变区来制备单链可变区片段(Bird等,Science 242:423-426,1988)。连接肽的例子是具有氨基酸序列(GGGGS)3的GS接头,其在一个可变区的羧基末端和另一可变区的氨基末端之间桥接约3.5nm。已经设计和使用了其他序列的接头(Bird等,1988,同上)。通常,接头可以是短的柔性多肽,并且优选包含约20个或更少的氨基酸残基。单链变体可以重组或合成产生。对于scFv的合成生产,可以使用自动合成器。为了重组产生scFv,可以将合适的含有编码scFv的多核苷酸的质粒引入合适的宿主细胞,所述宿主细胞是真核的,例如酵母,植物,昆虫或哺乳动物细胞,或原核的,例如大肠杆菌。编码目的scFv的多核苷酸可以通过常规操作例如多核苷酸的连接来制备。可以使用本领域已知的标准蛋白质纯化技术分离所得的scFv。
本文描述的CAR分子的细胞质结构域包括一个或多个共刺激结构域和一个或多个信号结构域。共刺激和信号传导结构域用于响应抗原结合而传递信号并激活分子,例如T细胞。一个或多个共刺激结构域衍生自刺激分子和/或共刺激分子,并且信号结构域衍生自初级信号传导结构域,例如CD3ζ结构域。在实施方案中,信号传导结构域还包括衍生自共刺激分子的一个或多个功能信号传导结构域。在实施方案中,共刺激分子是激活对抗原的细胞应答所需的细胞表面分子(抗原受体或其配体除外)。
在实施方案中,共刺激结构域包括CD27,CD28,4-1BB,OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原-1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7 LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3,与CD83特异性结合的配体的细胞内结构域,或其任何组合。在实施方案中,信号传导结构域包括衍生自T细胞受体的CD3ζ结构域。
本文描述的CAR分子还包括跨膜结构域。在CAR分子中掺入跨膜结构域使分子稳定。在实施方案中,CAR分子的跨膜结构域是CD28或4-1BB分子的跨膜结构域。
在CAR的细胞外结构域和跨膜结构域之间,可以掺入间隔结构域。如本文所用,术语“间隔结构域”通常是指用于将跨膜结构域连接至多肽链上的细胞外结构域和/或细胞质结构域的任何寡聚体或多肽。间隔结构域可包括至多300个氨基酸,优选10至100个氨基酸,最优选25至50个氨基酸。
在实施方案中,修饰的细胞包含结合分子,其是CAR。在实施方案中,CAR包含细胞外结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞内结构域,并且细胞外结构域结合肿瘤抗原。在实施方案中,包含共刺激结构域的细胞内结构域包含选自CD27,CD28、4-1BB,OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关的共刺激分子,抗原-1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3的细胞内结构域及其任何组合。在实施方案中,细胞内结构域包含CD3ζ信号传导结构域。在实施方案中,CAR是双特异性CAR或Tan CAR。
在实施方案中,结合分子是TCR。在实施方案中,T细胞包含修饰的T细胞受体(TCR)。在实施方案中,TCR衍生自患者中自发发生的肿瘤特异性T细胞。在实施方案中,TCR结合肿瘤抗原。在实施方案中,肿瘤抗原包含CEA,gp100,MART-1,p53,MAGE-A3或NY-ESO-1。在实施方案中,TCR包含TCRγ和TCRδ链或TCRα和TCRβ链,或其组合。
在实施方案中,修饰的细胞衍生自肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)。在实施方案中,可以分离表达对靶抗原具有高亲和力的TCR的T细胞克隆。可以在多肽负载的抗原呈递细胞(APC)存在下培养肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)或外周血单核细胞(PBMC),所述多肽代表已知的可用于引起显性T细胞应答的表位,所述显性T细胞应答为当存在于特定的HLA等位基因背景下时的应答;然后可以根据MHC-肽四聚体染色和/或识别和裂解以低滴定浓度的同源肽抗原负载的靶细胞的能力来选择高亲和力克隆。选择克隆后,通过分子克隆鉴定并分离TCRα和TCRβ链或TCRγ和TCRδ链。例如,对于TCRα和TCRβ链,然后将TCRα和TCRβ基因序列用于产生表达构建体,其理想地促进人TC细胞中两条TCR链的稳定,高水平表达。然后可以产生转导载体,例如γ逆转录病毒或慢病毒,并测试其功能性(抗原特异性和功能亲和力),并用于生产临床上大量的载体。然后可以使用等分试样的最终产品转导目标T细胞群体(通常从患者PBMC中纯化),然后在输注到患者体内之前将其扩增。
可以实施各种方法以获得编码肿瘤反应性TCR的基因。更多信息在Kershaw等人,Clin Transl Immunology 2014年5月;3(5):e16中提供。在实施方案中,特异性TCR可以源自患者中自发发生的肿瘤特异性T细胞。包括在该类别中的抗原包括黑素细胞分化抗原MART-1和gp100,以及MAGE抗原和NY-ESO-1,其在更广泛的癌症中表达。只要病毒蛋白由转化细胞表达,也可以分离对病毒相关恶性肿瘤特异的TCR。此类恶性肿瘤包括与肝炎和乳头状瘤病毒相关的肝癌和宫颈癌,以及与爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒相关的恶性肿瘤。在实施方案中,TCR的靶抗原可包括CEA(例如,用于结肠直肠癌),gp100,MART-1,p53(例如,用于黑素瘤),MAGE-A3(例如,黑素瘤,食道和滑膜肉瘤),NY-ESO-1(例如,对于黑素瘤和肉瘤以及多发性骨髓瘤)。
在实施方式中,可以以下方式实施肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)的制备和输血。例如,可以在无菌条件下获得来自手术或活检标本的肿瘤组织,并将其运输到冰箱中的细胞培养室。可以去除坏死组织和脂肪组织。可以将肿瘤组织切成约1-3立方毫米的小块。可以添加胶原酶,透明质酸酶和DNA酶,并在4℃下消化过夜。用0.2um过滤器过滤,可通过淋巴细胞分离液在1500rpm下离心5分钟分离并收集细胞。可在包含PHA,2-巯基乙醇和CD3单克隆抗体的培养基中扩增细胞,并加入小剂量的IL-2(10-20IU/ml)以诱导活化和增殖。可以仔细测量细胞密度,并在37℃,5%CO2的温度下在0.5-2x106/ml的范围内保持7-14天。具有杀死同源癌细胞能力的TIL阳性细胞可以通过共培养筛选出来。可以在包含高剂量IL-2(5000-6000IU/ml)的无血清培养基中扩增TIL阳性细胞,直到获得大于1x1011的TIL。为了施用TIL,首先使用连续流离心法将其收集在盐水中,然后通过血小板施用过滤,过滤至体积为200-300ml的含有5%白蛋白和450000IU的IL-2。可以在30-60分钟内通过中央静脉导管将TIL注入患者体内。在实施方案中,TIL可以被输注到两个至四个分开的袋中,并且各次输注可以间隔几个小时。
双特异性CAR(或串联CAR(tanCAR))可以包括两个结合结构域:scFv1和scFv2。在实施方案中,scFv1结合白细胞的抗原(例如,CD19),并且scFv2结合实体瘤抗原(例如,tMUC1)。在实施方案中,scFv1结合实体瘤抗原,并且scFv2结合另一实体瘤抗原(例如,tMUC1和CLDN 18.2)。Claudin18.2(CLDN 18.2)是Claudin-18的一种胃特异性异构体。CLDN18.2在胃和胰腺腺癌中高表达。在实施方案中,scFv1结合在肿瘤细胞上表达但不在正常组织上表达的抗原(例如,tMUC1);scFv2结合在与实体瘤相关的非必需组织上表达的抗原,并且组织的正常细胞的杀伤不会对受试者(例如TSHR,GUCY2C)造成危及生命的事件(例如并发症)。非必需组织的例子包括诸如前列腺,乳房或黑素细胞的器官。在实施方案中,scFv1和scFv2结合在相同非必需组织上表达的不同抗原(例如,对于前列腺癌是ACPP和SLC45A3,对于尿道癌是SIGLEC15和UPK2)。表2列出了双特异性CAR及其组成的序列。
表2
注:3*(GGGGS)是(GGGGS)3,4*(GGGGS)是(GGGGS)4.
此外,本发明描述了包含本文所述的核酸或载体的修饰的细胞。已经将细胞与本文所述的核酸或载体一起引入,并表达至少一个或多个不同的抗原结合结构域。在实施方案中,细胞表达一个抗原结合结构域。在实施方案中,细胞包括第一抗原结合结构域和第二抗原结合结构域,其中第一抗原结合结构域结合WBC的细胞表面分子,并且第二抗原结合结构域结合与WBC的细胞表面分子不同的抗原。在实施方案中,第二抗原结合结构域结合肿瘤抗原。在实施方案中,细胞是修饰的T细胞。在实施方案中,修饰的T细胞是包含编码第一抗原结合结构域和/或第二抗原结合结构域的一个或多个核酸的CAR T细胞。在实施方案中,修饰的细胞包括含有包含第二抗原结合结构域的TCR的T细胞。
本文描述的方法涉及表达扩增分子和功能分子的淋巴细胞。在实施方案中,扩增分子在受试者中扩增和/或维持淋巴细胞,并且功能分子抑制受试者中肿瘤细胞的生长或杀死肿瘤细胞。在实施方案中,扩增分子和功能分子在同一个CAR分子上,例如,双特异性CAR分子。在实施方案中,扩增分子和功能分子在分开的分子上,例如,CAR和TCR或两个不同的CAR。扩增分子可以包括结合至与血液(例如,血细胞和血浆)或非必需组织相关的抗原的CAR,并且功能分子可以包括靶向与肿瘤细胞相关的抗原的CAR或TCR。
受试者中的淋巴细胞或T细胞应答是指与辅助,杀伤,调节和其他类型的T细胞相关的细胞介导的免疫。例如,T细胞应答可以包括诸如在免疫过程中协助其他WBC以及鉴定和破坏病毒感染的细胞和肿瘤细胞的活动。受试者中的T细胞反应可通过多种指标进行测量,例如T细胞杀死的许多病毒感染细胞和/或肿瘤细胞,T细胞与病毒感染细胞和/或肿瘤细胞共培养时释放的细胞因子的量,受试者中T细胞的增殖水平,例如T细胞的表型改变,记忆T细胞的改变以及受试者中T细胞的寿命或寿命水平。
在实施方案中,增强T细胞应答的方法包括治疗需要其的受试者,例如,被诊断患有肿瘤的受试者。术语肿瘤是指肿块,其可以是诸如血液之类的流体的集合,或者是实心块。肿瘤可以是恶性(癌性)或良性的。血液癌的例子包括慢性淋巴细胞性白血病,急性骨髓性白血病,急性淋巴细胞性白血病和多发性骨髓瘤。
实体瘤通常不包含囊肿或液体区域。恶性实体瘤的主要类型包括肉瘤和癌。肉瘤是在称为间充质细胞的软组织细胞中发展的肿瘤,可以在血管,骨骼,脂肪组织,韧带淋巴管,神经,软骨,肌肉,韧带或肌腱中发现,而癌是在上皮细胞中形成的肿瘤,可以在皮肤和粘膜中发现。最常见的肉瘤类型包括未分化的多形性肉瘤,涉及软组织和骨细胞。平滑肌肉肉瘤,其涉及在血管,胃肠道和子宫内衬的平滑肌细胞;涉及骨细胞的骨肉瘤和涉及脂肪细胞的脂肪肉瘤。肉瘤的一些例子包括尤因肉瘤,横纹肌肉瘤,软骨肉瘤,间皮瘤,纤维肉瘤,纤维肉瘤和神经胶质瘤。
五种最常见的癌包括肾上腺癌,其涉及会产生液体或粘液的器官,例如乳房和前列腺。基底细胞癌,涉及皮肤最外层的细胞,例如皮肤癌;鳞状细胞癌,涉及皮肤的基底细胞;移行细胞癌会影响包括膀胱,肾脏和输尿管在内的尿道中的移行细胞。癌的例子包括甲状腺癌,乳腺癌,前列腺癌,肺癌,肠癌,皮肤癌,胰腺癌,肝癌,肾癌和膀胱癌以及胆管癌。
本文描述的方法可用于治疗诊断患有癌症的受试者。癌症可以是血癌或可以是实体瘤,例如肉瘤或癌。治疗方法包括向受试者施用包含第一抗原结合结构域和第二抗原结合结构域的有效量的T细胞以提供T细胞应答,其中第一抗原结合结构域结合WBC的细胞表面分子,第二抗原结合结构域结合不同于WBC的细胞表面分子的抗原。在实施方案中,增强受试者中的T细胞应答包括选择性增强体内表达第一抗原结合结构域和第二抗原结合结构域的T细胞的增殖。
本公开描述了药物组合物。药物组合物包括以下一种或多种:CAR分子,TCR分子,修饰的CAR T细胞,包含CAR或TCR的修饰的细胞,修饰的细胞混合群体,核酸和本文所述的载体。药物组合物以适合于待治疗(或预防)的疾病的方式施用。给药的量和频率将由诸如患者的状况以及患者疾病的类型和严重性等因素确定,尽管适当的剂量可以通过临床试验确定。
术语“药学上可接受的”是指由美国联邦或州政府的监管机构或EMA(欧洲药品管理局)批准或列在《美国药典》(美国药典-33/国家处方-28重新发行,美国药典公约,Rockville Md.,出版日期:2010年4月)或其他公认的用于动物,尤其是人类的药典。
术语“载体”是指与治疗剂一起施用的稀释剂,佐剂(例如弗氏佐剂(完全和不完全)),赋形剂或媒介物。药物载体可以是无菌液体,例如水和油,包括石油,动物,植物或合成来源的油,例如花生油,大豆油,矿物油,芝麻油等。当药物组合物静脉内施用时,水是优选的载体。盐溶液以及葡萄糖水溶液和甘油溶液也可以用作液体载体,特别是用于注射溶液。
本公开内容还描述了包含本文所述的第一和第二细胞群的药物组合物。本文所述的药物组合物适合于癌症治疗,所述药物组合物包含具有第一抗原结合分子的第一细胞群和包含第二抗原结合域的第二细胞群。例如,第一抗原结合分子与抗原的结合增强了适于癌症治疗的细胞的扩增。
当指示“免疫学有效量”,“抗肿瘤有效量”,“肿瘤抑制有效量”或“治疗量”时,由医生考虑到年龄,体重,肿瘤大小,感染或转移的程度以及患者的状况(受试者)的个体差异,来确定要施用的本发明组合物的精确量。可以说,包含本文所述的T细胞的药物组合物可以104至109个细胞/kg体重的剂量给药,优选105至106个细胞/kg体重,包括那些范围内的所有整数值。修饰的细胞组合物也可以这些剂量多次给药。可以通过使用免疫疗法中公知的输注技术来施用细胞(参见,例如,Rosenberg等,New Eng.J.Med.319:1676,1988)。通过监测患者的疾病征兆并相应地调整治疗,医学领域的技术人员可以容易地确定针对特定患者的最佳剂量和治疗方案。在某些实施方案中,可能需要向受试者施用活化的T细胞,然后再抽血(或进行采血),收集活化的和扩增的T细胞,并向患者注入这些活化的和扩增的T细胞。此过程每几周可以执行多次。在某些实施方案中,可以从10cc至400cc的抽血激活T细胞。在某些实施方案中,从20cc,30cc,40cc,50cc,60cc,70cc,80cc,90cc或100cc的抽血激活T细胞。不受理论的束缚,使用这种多次抽血/多次再输注方案,可以选择某些T细胞群。
本文描述的药物组合物的施用可以任何方便的方式进行,包括通过气雾吸入,注射,摄入,输血,植入或移植。本文所述的组合物可以通过静脉内(iv)注射或皮下,皮内,瘤内,结节内,髓内,肌内,经皮(iv)注射给予患者。在实施方案中,本文所述的修饰的细胞组合物通过皮内或皮下注射施用于受试者。在实施方案中,本发明的T细胞组合物通过静脉内注射施用。修饰的细胞的组合物可以直接注射到肿瘤,淋巴结或感染部位。在实施方案中,结合(例如,在之前,同时或之后)将使用本文所述的方法或将T细胞扩增至治疗水平的本领域已知的其他方法活化和扩增的细胞联合给予患者(例如,之前,同时或之后)形式,例如作为联合疗法,包括但不限于用抗病毒疗法,西多福韦和白介素2,阿糖胞苷(也称为ARA-C)进行治疗;或MS患者的那他珠单抗治疗;牛皮癣患者使用efalizumab治疗或PML患者使用其他治疗。在进一步的实施方案中,本文所述的T细胞可以与化学疗法,放射线,免疫抑制剂例如环孢菌素,硫唑嘌呤,甲氨蝶呤,霉酚酸酯和FK506,抗体或其他免疫消除剂例如CAM PATH,抗CD3抗体或其他抗体疗法,细胞毒素,氟达立滨,环孢菌素,FK506,雷帕霉素,麦考酚酸,类固醇,FR901228,细胞因子和辐射联合使用。。这些药物抑制钙依赖性磷酸酶钙调磷酸酶(环孢素和FK506)或抑制对生长因子诱导的信号传导重要的p70S6激酶(雷帕霉素)。(Liu等人,Cell 66:807-815,1991;Henderson等人,Immun 73:316-321,1991;Bierer等人,Curr.Opin.Immun 5:763-773,1993;Isoniemi(同上))。在实施方案中,将本文所述的细胞组合物与骨髓移植,与使用任何化学治疗剂例如氟达拉滨,外部束放射疗法(XRT),环磷酰胺或抗体,例如OKT3或CAMPATH的T细胞消融疗法,结合(例如,在之前,同时或之后)给予受试者。在实施方案中,本文所述的细胞组合物在B细胞消融治疗后施用。例如,可以将与CD20反应的药剂例如利妥昔单抗施用于患者。在实施方案中,受试者可以接受高剂量化学疗法的标准治疗,然后进行外周血干细胞移植。在某些实施方案中,在移植后,受试者接受输注本公开的扩增的免疫细胞。在实施方案中,在手术之前或之后施用扩增的细胞。给予有此需要的受试者的上述治疗的剂量将随所治疗疾病的确切性质和治疗接受者而变化。可以根据各种因素由医师根据本领域公认的实践来按比例缩放用于人类给药的剂量。在美国专利号为US8,906,682中提供了关于使用修饰的细胞的癌症治疗方法的其他信息,其通过引用整体并入。
本文所述的实施方案涉及用于制备修饰的细胞的体外方法。该方法可以包括从受试者获得细胞样品。例如,样品可以包括T细胞或T细胞祖细胞。该方法可以进一步包括用编码至少一种CAR的DNA转染细胞样品,并在选择性增强表达CAR的T细胞增殖的培养基中离体培养细胞样品。细胞样品可以是本文所述的修饰细胞的混合群体。
在实施方案中,样品是冷冻保存的样品。在实施方案中,细胞样品来自脐带血或来自受试者的外周血样品。在实施方案中,通过单采血液成分术或静脉穿刺术获得细胞样品。在实施方案中,细胞样品是T细胞的亚群。
实施方案涉及工程改造以表达抗原结合分子的修饰细胞,其中已经增强了修饰细胞中一个或多个基因的表达和/或功能。在实施方案中,一个或多个基因包含BATF,HMGA1,STAT5A,ZNF580,GLMP,JAZF1,RUNX1,ZGPAT,ZNF511,GTF2IRD2B,ATF4,MBD4,TBPL1,GTF2B,RBCK1,ZBTB38,PIN1,DRAP1,HSF1,PRDM1,ZNF428,NFYC和ZNF706。在实施方案中,一个或多个基因是HMGA1和/或ZBTB38。
一些实施方案涉及工程改造以表达抗原结合分子的修饰细胞,其中已减少或消除了修饰细胞中一个或多个基因的表达和/或功能。在实施方案中,一个或多个基因包含GTF3A,JUN,IRF1,JUNB,TMF1,ELF1,AKNA,BCL11B,KLF2,ZNF292,RORA,HMGN3,KDM2A,ASCL2,SP140L,NFATC2,RUNX3,NFE2L2,KLF6,MTERF4,PHF20,RELB,MAZ,ARID5A,REL,ZEB2,ARID5B,KLF3,CREM,ZNF207,IRF7,DR1,SP140,BBX,MECP2,STAT4,ZBTB1,CREBZF,NFATC3,GPBP1,IKZF1,SON,ZNF800,STAT6,CGGBP1,FOXN2,DNMT1,SP100,GATA3,EOMES,YY1,SP110,SAFB,REST,NR3C1,FOXN3,ELF2,GTF2I,BAZ2A,ZNF683,STAT1,BHLHE40,ZNF276,ETS1,NFAT5,BPTF,KMT2A,FOS,PA2G4,IKZF3,ZNF148,CDC5L,CREB1,HBP1,ZNF721,KAT7,SP4,ZC3H8,AKAP8L,ZNF326,ZNF451,ZNF131,CEBPZ,TOPORS,ZNF33A,NCOA3,STAT2,DDIT3,ZNF217,KLF9,CSRNP1,NCOA1,SAFB2,ZNF107,ZFX,E2F4,HIF1A,ZNF480,CTCF,ZBTB44,NCOA2,ZHX1,ZNF644,ASH1L,STAT5B,AEBP2,MYSM1,ZNF91,CEBPB,MXD4,YBX3,RLF,JUND,ZNF600,SMAD4,TET2,ZNF267,PRDM2,ZBTB7A,THAP12,ETV3,NFKB2,KLF13,SATB1,ZNF791,RBPJ,SPEN,PURA,ZNF507,FOSL2,IRF8,ELK4,ATF3,KCMF1,ZNF639,SKI,FOXO1,NR4A2,ZNF331,NFKB1,CEBPD,FOSB,SKIL,NR4A3和NR4A1中的至少一个。在实施方案中,一个或多个基因是AKNA。
在实施方案中,HMGA1的过表达可以增加T细胞的扩增能力并抑制T细胞死亡和分化。同时,HMGA1可能促进T细胞分泌IL2和释放IFNγ。HMGA1可能抑制自噬并增强线粒体功能,从而促进磷酸化并为T细胞提供更多能量。因此,该基因的过表达可以增强CAR-T的功能。在实施方案中,AKNA基因表达的降低可促进免疫细胞因子的释放并增强炎症反应和增强CAR-T的杀伤能力。
在实施方案中,可以通过引入编码一种或多种基因的多核苷酸来实现修饰的细胞中一种或多种基因的过表达。在实施方案中,修饰的细胞中一种或多种基因的过表达可以由转录调节剂调节,所述转录调节剂是或包括Hif1a,NFAT,FOXP3和/或NFkB。一种启动子,其包含一个或多个NFAT响应元件(例如NFAT1,NFAT2,NFAT3和/或NFAT4)的结合位点。“NFAT启动子”是指与一个或多个由T细胞表达的基因的最小启动子连接的一个或多个NFAT响应元件。在实施方案中,由T细胞表达的基因的最小启动子是最小人源IL-2启动子。NFAT响应元件可以包括例如NFAT1,NFAT2,NFAT3和/或NFAT4响应元件。NFAT启动子(或其功能部分或功能变体)可包含任何数目的结合基序,例如至少两个,至少三个,至少四个,至少五个或至少六个,至少七个,至少八个,至少九个,至少十个,至少十一个或多达十二个结合基序。在实施方案中,NFAT启动子包含六个NFAT结合基序。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,NFAT启动子核苷酸序列包含SEQ ID NO:63或其功能部分或功能变体组成。NFAT启动子(或其功能部分或功能变体)与编码一个或多个基因(或其功能部分或功能变体)的核苷酸序列可操作地连接。“与...有效结合”是指当NFAT蛋白结合至NFAT启动子序列(或功能部分)时,编码一个或多个基因(或其功能部分或功能变体)的核苷酸序列被转录为一个或多个基因mRNA。不受特定理论的束缚,据信NFAT受钙信号传导途径调节。特别地,认为TCR刺激(例如通过抗原)和/或细胞的钙信号传导途径的刺激(例如通过PMA/伊诺霉素)增加细胞内钙浓度并激活钙通道。NFAT蛋白然后被钙调蛋白去磷酸化并转移到核中,在该核中它与NFAT启动子序列(或其功能部分或功能变体)结合并激活下游基因表达。通过提供与编码一个或多个基因(或其功能部分或功能变体)的核苷酸序列可操作地相连的NFAT启动子(或其功能部分或功能变体),本发明的核酸有利地使得有可能仅当例如由PMA/伊诺霉素和/或抗原刺激包括核酸的宿主细胞时,才表达一个或多个基因(或其功能部分或功能变体)。可以在美国专利号:8,556,882中找到更多信息,该专利以引用方式并入。
在实施方案中,抗原结合分子是嵌合抗原受体(CAR),其包含抗原结合结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞内信号传导结构域。在实施方案中,与肿瘤抗原结合的抗原结合结构域选自:TSHR,CD19,CD123,CD22,CD30,CD171,CS-1,CLL-1,CD33,EGFRvIII,GD2,GD3,BCMA,TnAg,PSMA,ROR1,FLT3,FAP,TAG72,CD38,CD44v6,CEA,EPCAM,B7H3,KIT,IL-13Ra2,间皮素,IL-11Ra,PSCA,PRSS21,VEGFR2,LewisY,CD24,PDGFR-beta,SSEA-4,CD20,叶酸受体α,ERBB2(Her2/neu),MUC1,EGFR,NCAM,蛋白酶,PAP,ELF2M,Ephrin B2,IGF-1受体,CAIX,LMP2,gp100,bcr-abl,酪氨酸酶,EphA2,岩藻糖基GM1,sLe,GM3,TGS5,HMWMAA,邻乙酰基GD2,叶酸受体β,TEM1/CD248,TEM7R,CLDN6,GPRC5D,CXORF61,CD97,CD179a,ALK,聚唾液酸,PLAC1,GloboH,NY-BR-1,UPK2,HAVCR1,ADRB3,PANX3,GPR20,LY6K,OR51E2,TARP,WT1,NY-ESO-1,LAGE-1a,MAGE-A1,legumain,HPV E6,E7,MAGE A1,ETV6-AML,精子蛋白17,XAGE1,Tie 2,MAD-CT-1,MAD-CT-2,Fos相关抗原1,p53,p53突变体,脯氨酸,存活蛋白和端粒酶,PCTA-1/Galectin 8,MelanA/MART1,Ras突变体,hTERT,SAR昏迷易位断点,ML-IAP,ERG(TMPRSS2ETS融合基因),NA17,PAX3,雄激素受体,细胞周期蛋白B1,MYCN,RhoC,TRP-2,CYP1B1,BORIS,SART3,PAX5,OY-TES1,LCK,AKAP-4,SSX2,RAGE-1,人类端粒酶逆转录酶,RU1,RU2,肠羧基酯酶,mut hsp70-2,CD79a,CD79b,CD72,LAIR1,FCAR,LILRA2,CD300LF,CLEC12A,BST2,EMR2,LY75,GPC3,FCRL5和IGLL1。在实施方案中,细胞内信号传导域包括共刺激信号传导域,或初级信号传导域和共刺激信号传导域,其中该共刺激信号传导域包括选自CD27,CD28、4-1BB(CD137),OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3,一种与CD83,CDS,ICAM-1,GITR,BAFFR,HVEM(LIGHTR),SLAMF7,NKp80(KLRF1),CD160,CD19,CD4,CD8alpha,CD8beta,IL2R beta,IL2Rγ,IL7R alpha,ITGA4,VLA1,CD49a,ITGA4,IA4,CD49D,ITGA6,VLA-6,CD49f,ITGAD,CD11d,ITGAE,CD103,ITGAL,CD11a,LFA-1,ITGAM,CD11b,ITGAX,CD11c,ITGB1,CD29,ITGB2,CD18,LFA-1,ITGB7,TNFR2,TRANCE/RANKL,DNAM1(CD226),SLAMF4(CD244、2B4),CD84,CD96(触觉),CEACAM1,CRTAM,Ly9(CD229),CD160(BY55),PSGL1,CD100(SEMA4D),CD69,SLAMF6(NTB-A,Ly108),SLAM(SLAMF1,CD150,IPO-3),BLAME(SLAMF8),SELLPG(CD162),LTBR,LAT,GADS,SLP-76,PAG/Cbp,NKp44,NKp30,NKp46和NKG2D特异性结合的配体的蛋白质的功能性信号传导域。
在实施方案中,抗原结合分子是修饰的TCR。在实施方案中,TCR衍生自患者中自发发生的肿瘤特异性T细胞。在实施方案中,TCR结合肿瘤抗原。在实施方案中,肿瘤抗原包含CEA,gp100,MART-1,p53,MAGE-A3或NY-ESO-1。在实施方案中,TCR包含TCRγ和TCRδ链或TCRα和TCRβ链,或其组合。
在实施方案中,细胞是免疫效应细胞(例如,免疫效应细胞群)。在实施方案中,免疫效应细胞是T细胞或NK细胞。在实施方案中,免疫效应细胞是T细胞。在实施方案中,T细胞是CD4+T细胞,CD8+T细胞或其组合。在实施方案中,细胞是人细胞。
在实施方案中,修饰的细胞包含一种或多种基因的表达或功能的抑制剂。在实施方案中,抑制剂是(1)靶向编码一种或多种基因或相应调节元件的基因内的一个或多个位点的基因编辑系统;(2)编码一种或多种基因的基因编辑系统的一种或多种组分的核酸;或(3)其组合。
一些实施方案涉及包含上述细胞群的药物组合物。一些实施方案涉及在有此需要的受试者中引起T细胞应答和/或治疗受试者的肿瘤的方法,该方法包括施用有效量的组合物。
实施方案涉及产生表现出增强的记忆T细胞表型的T细胞的方法,该方法包括:调节T细胞群以增强HMGY的表达和/或功能。例如,该方法可以包括将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群体,其中与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,HMGY的表达更高,并且该T细胞群体的记忆T细胞表型为与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比增强了。在实施方案中,该方法可以包括引入编码与HMGY相关的一个或多个基因的多核苷酸,例如,在与HMGY相关的信号传导途径的上游或下游和/或与HMGY相关的转录因子。
实施方案涉及产生表现出增强的记忆T细胞表型的T细胞的方法,该方法包括:将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群,其中与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,HMGY的表达更高,与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,T细胞群体的记忆T细胞表型增强。
在实施方案中,与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,在CD62L和/或CCR7中表现出增加的基因表达水平的T细胞群体。
在一些实施方案中,该方法进一步包括培养种群;并测量T细胞群的细胞扩增。在实施方案中,与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,增强了T细胞群体的扩增。
在实施方案中,多核苷酸包含SEQ ID NO:61的氨基酸,并且HMGY被过表达。
该方法进一步包括使T细胞群与T细胞群结合的抗原接触。在实施方案中,与不包含多核苷酸的T细胞相比,在CD137和/或KLRG中表现出降低的基因表达水平的T细胞群体。
在实施方案中,增强的记忆T细胞表型包括CD62L和/或CCR7中基因表达水平的增加。在实施方案中,增强的记忆T细胞表型包括CD137和/或KLRG中降低的基因表达水平。
如本文所用,术语“记忆T细胞”或TCM是指表达与运输至次级淋巴器官包括CD62L和/或CCR7有关的更高水平的基因的T细胞的亚群或亚群。在实施方案中,记忆T细胞表达较低水平的基因,包括CD137和/或KLRG。
HMGY,HMGA1或HMG-I/Y可以互换使用,是指优先与双链DNA中富含A+T的区域的小沟状结构结合。表明这些蛋白质可以在核小体的定相和mRNA转录的3'末端加工中起作用。它们还参与含有或紧密靠近富含A+T区域的基因的转录调控。高迁移率族(HMG)哺乳动物非组蛋白核蛋白HMGI(Y)家族的三个已知成员(HMG-1,HMG-Y和HMGI-C)被认为参与了许多生物学过程(转录,复制,逆转录病毒整合,遗传重组等),因为它们具有识别和改变DNA和染色质底物结构的能力。关于HMGY的更多信息可以在美国专利公开号:US2015315589中找到,其通过引用并入本文。
在实施方案中,T细胞群体可包含抗原结合分子。在实施方案中,细胞是人的细胞。
在实施方案中,抗原结合分子是嵌合抗原受体(CAR),其包含抗原结合结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞内信号传导结构域。在实施方案中,与肿瘤抗原结合的抗原结合结构域选自:TSHR,CD19,CD123,CD22,CD30,CD171,CS-1,CLL-1,CD33,EGFRvIII,GD2,GD3,BCMA,TnAg,PSMA,ROR1,FLT3,FAP,TAG72,CD38,CD44v6,CEA,EPCAM,B7H3,KIT,IL-13Ra2,间皮素,IL-11Ra,PSCA,PRSS21,VEGFR2,LewisY,CD24,PDGFR-beta,SSEA-4,CD20,叶酸受体α,ERBB2(Her2/neu),MUC1,EGFR,NCAM,蛋白酶,PAP,ELF2M,Ephrin B2,IGF-1受体,CAIX,LMP2,gp100,bcr-abl,酪氨酸酶,EphA2,岩藻糖基GM1,sLe,GM3,TGS5,HMWMAA,邻乙酰基GD2,叶酸受体β,TEM1/CD248,TEM7R,CLDN6,GPRC5D,CXORF61,CD97,CD179a,ALK,聚唾液酸,PLAC1,GloboH,NY-BR-1,UPK2,HAVCR1,ADRB3,PANX3,GPR20,LY6K,OR51E2,TARP,WT1,NY-ESO-1,LAGE-1a,MAGE-A1,legumain,HPV E6,E7,MAGE A1,ETV6-AML,精子蛋白17,XAGE1,领带2,MAD-CT-1,MAD-CT-2,Fos相关抗原1,p53,p53突变体,脯氨酸,survivin和端粒酶,PCTA-1/Galectin 8,MelanA/MART1,Ras突变体,hTERT,SAR昏迷易位断点,ML-IAP,ERG(TMPRSS2ETS融合基因),NA17,PAX3,雄激素受体,细胞周期蛋白B1,MYCN,RhoC,TRP-2,CYP1B1,BORIS,SART3,PAX5,OY-TES1,LCK,AKAP-4,SSX2,RAGE-1,人类端粒酶逆转录酶,RU1,RU2,肠羧基酯酶,mut hsp70-2,CD79a,CD79b,CD72,LAIR1,FCAR,LILRA2,CD300LF,CLEC12A,BST2,EMR2,LY75,GPC3,FCRL5和IGLL1。在实施方案中,细胞内信号传导域包含共刺激性信号传导域,或初级信号传导域和共刺激性信号传导域,其中该共刺激性信号传导域包括选自CD27,CD28、4-1BB(CD137),OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3,与CD83,CDS,ICAM-1,GITR,BAFFR,HVEM(LIGHTR),SLAMF7,NKp80(KLRF1),CD160,CD19,CD4,CD8alpha,CD8beta,IL2R beta,IL2R gamma,IL7R alpha,ITGA4,VLA1,CD49a,ITGA4,IA4,CD49D,ITGA6,VLA-6,CD49f,ITGAD,CD11d,ITGAE,CD103,ITGAL,CD11a,LFA-1,ITGAM,CD11b,ITGAX,CD11c,ITGB1,CD29,ITGB2,CD18,LFA-1,ITGB7,TNFR2,TRANCE/RANKL,DNAM1(CD226),SLAMF4(CD244,2B4),CD84,CD96(触觉),CEACAM1,CRTAM,Ly9(CD229),CD160(BY55),PSGL1,CD100(SEMA4D),CD69,SLAMF6(NTB-A,Ly108),SLAM(SLAMF1,CD150,IPO-3),BL AME(SLAMF8),SELPLG(CD162),LTBR,LAT,GADS,SLP-76,PAG/Cbp,NKp44,NKp30,NKp46和NKG2D特异性结合的配体的蛋白质的功能性信号传导域。。
在实施方案中,抗原结合分子是修饰的TCR。在实施方案中,TCR衍生自患者中自发发生的肿瘤特异性T细胞。在实施方案中,TCR结合肿瘤抗原。在实施方案中,肿瘤抗原包含CEA,gp100,MART-1,p53,MAGE-A3或NY-ESO-1。在实施方案中,TCR包含TCRγ和TCRδ链或TCRα和TCRβ链,或其组合。
通过参考以下示例性实施例和示例来进一步描述本公开。提供这些示例性实施例和示例仅用于说明的目的,并非旨在限制,除非另有说明。因此,本公开绝不应被解释为限于以下示例性实施例和示例,而是应被解释为包含由于本文提供的教导而变得明显的任何和所有变化。
示例性实施例
以下是示例性实施例:
1.一种经修饰的细胞,其被工程化以表达抗原结合分子,其中已经增强了修饰细胞中一种或多种基因的表达和/或功能。
2.实施方案1的修饰的细胞,其中所述一个或多个基因包含BATF,HMGA1,STAT5A,ZNF580,GLMP,JAZF1,RUNX1,ZGPAT,ZNF511,GTF2IRD2B,ATF4,MBD4,TBPL1,GTF2B,RBCK1,ZBTB38,PIN1,DRAP1,THYN1,HSF1,PRDM1,ZNF428,NFYC和ZNF706。
3.实施方案1的修饰的细胞,其中所述一个或多个基因是HMGA1和/或ZBTB38。
4.经修饰的细胞,其被工程化以表达抗原结合分子,其中已经减少或消除了修饰细胞中一种或多种基因的表达和/或功能。
5.根据实施例4所述的经修饰的细胞,其中所述一个或一个以上基因包含GTF3A,JUN,IRF1,JUNB,TMF1,ELF1,AKNA,BCL11B,KLF2,ZNF292,RORA,HMGN3,KDM2A,ASCL2,SP140L,NFATC2,RUNX3,NFE2L2,KLF6,MTERF4,PHF20,RELB,MAZ,ARID5A,REL,ZEB2,ARID5B,KLF3,CREM,ZNF207,IRF7,DR1,SP140,BBX,MECP2,STAT4,ZBTB1,CREBZF,NFATC3,GPBP1IKZF1,SON,ZNF800,STAT3,STAT6,CGGBP1,FOXN2,DNMT1,SP100,GATA3,EOMES,YY1,SP110,SAFB,REST,NR3C1,FOXN3,ELF2,GTF2I,BAZ2A,ZNF683,STAT1,BHLHE40,ZNF276,ETS1,NFAT5,BPTF,KMT2A,FOS,PA2G4,IKZF3,ZNF148,CDC5L,CREB1,HBP1,ZNF721,KAT7,SP4,ZC3H8,AKAP8L,ZNF326,ZNF451,ZNF131,CEBPZ,TOPORS,ZNF33A,NCOA3,STAT2,DDIT3,ZNF217,KLF9,CSRNP1,NCOA1,SAFB2,ZNF107,ZFX,E2F4,HIF1A,ZNF480,CTCF,ZBTB44,NCOA2,ZHX1,ZNF644,ASH1L,STAT5B,AEBP2,MYSM1,ZNF91,CEBPB,MXD4,YBX3,RLF,JUND,ZNF600,SMAD4,TET2,ZNF267,PRDM2,ZBTB7A,THAP12,ETV3,NFKB2,KLF13,SATB1,ZNF791,RBPJ,SPEN,PURA,ZNF507,FOSL2,IRF8,ELK4,ATF3,KCMF1,ZNF639,SKI,FOXO1,NR4A2,ZNF331,NFKB1,CEBPD,FOSB,SKIL,NR4A3和NR4A1。
6.实施方案4的修饰的细胞,其中所述一个或多个基因是AKNA。
7.实施方案1-6之一的修饰的细胞,其中所述抗原结合分子是嵌合抗原受体(CAR),其包含抗原结合结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞内信号传导结构域。
8.实施方案7的修饰的细胞,其中所述抗原结合结构域与肿瘤抗原结合,选自:TSHR,CD19,CD123,CD22,CD30,CD171,CS-1,CLL-1,CD33,EGFRvIII,GD2,GD3,BCMA,Tn Ag,PSMA,ROR1,FLT3,FAP,TAG72,CD38,CD44v6,CEA,EPCAM,B7H3,KIT,IL-13Ra2,间皮素,IL-11Ra,PSCA,PRSS21,VEGFR2,LewisY,CD24,PDGFR-beta,SSEA-4,CD20,叶酸受体alpha,ERBB2(Her2/neu),MUC1,EGFR,NCAM,蛋白酶,PAP,ELF2M,Ephrin B2,IGF-1受体,CAIX,LMP2,gp100,bcr-abl,酪氨酸酶,EphA2,岩藻糖基GM1,sLe,GM3,TGS5,HMWMAA,o-乙酰基GD2,叶酸受体β,TEM1/CD248,TEM7R,CLDN6,GPRC5D,CXORF61,CD97,CD179a,ALK,多唾液酸,PLAC1,GloboH,NY-BR-1,UPK2,HAVCR1,ADRB3,PANX3,GPR20,LY6K,OR51E2,TARP,WT1,NY-ESO-1,LAGE-1a,MAGE-A1,legumain,HPV E6,E7,MAGE A1,ETV6-AML,精子蛋白17,XAGE1,Tie 2,MAD-CT-1,MAD-CT-2,Fos相关抗原1,p53,p53突变体,prostein,survivin和端粒酶,PCTA-1/Galectin 8,MelanA/MART1,Ras突变体,hTERT,肉瘤易位断点,ML-IAP,ERG(TMPRSS2 ETS融合基因),NA17,PAX3,雄激素受体,细胞周期蛋白B1,MYCN,RhoC,TRP-2,CYP1B1,BORIS,SART3,PAX5,OY-TES1,LCK,AKAP-4,SSX2,RAGE-1,人类端粒酶逆转录酶,RU1,RU2,肠内羧基酯酶,mut hsp70-2,CD79a,CD79b,CD72,LAIR1,FCAR,LILRA2,CD300LF,CLEC12A,BST2,EMR2,LY75,GPC3,FCRL5和IGLL1。
9.实施方案7和8之一的修饰的细胞,其中所述细胞内信号传导域包括共刺激信号传导域,或初级信号传导域和共刺激信号传导域,其中所述共刺激信号传导域包括选自以下的蛋白质的功能信号传导域:CD27,CD28、4-1BB(CD137),OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3,与CD83,CDS,ICAM-1,GITR,BAFFR,HVEM(LIGHTR),SLAMF7,NKp80(KLRF1),CD160,CD19,CD4,CD8alpha,CD8beta,IL2Rbeta,IL2Rγ,IL7R alpha,ITGA4,VLA1,CD49a,ITGA4,IA4,CD49D,ITGA6,VLA-6,CD49f,ITGAD,CD11d,ITGAE,CD103,ITGAL,CD11a,LFA-1,ITGAM,CD11b,ITGAX,CD11c,ITGB1,CD29,ITGB2,CD18,LFA-1,ITGB7,TNFR2,TRANCE/RANKL,DNAM1(CD226),SLAMF4(CD244、2B4),CD84,CD96(Tactile),CEACAM1,CRTAM,Ly9(CD229),CD160(BY55),PSGL1,CD100(SEMA4D),CD69,SLAMF6(NTB-A,Ly108),SLAM(SLAMF1,CD150,IPO-3),BLAME(SLAMF8),SELLPG(CD162),LTBR,LAT,GADS,SLP-76,PAG/Cbp,NKp44,NKp30,NKp46和NKG2D特异性结合的配体。
10.实施方案1-6之一的修饰的细胞,其中所述抗原结合分子是修饰的TCR。
11.实施方案10的修饰的细胞,其中所述TCR衍生自患者中自发发生的肿瘤特异性T细胞。
12.实施方案10的修饰的细胞,其中所述TCR与肿瘤抗原结合。
13.实施方案12的修饰的细胞,其中所述肿瘤抗原包含CEA,gp100,MART-1,p53,MAGE-A3或NY-ESO-1。
14.实施方案10的修饰的细胞,其中所述TCR包含TCRγ和TCRδ链或TCRα和TCRβ链,或其组合。
15.前述实施方案中任一项的修饰的细胞,其中所述细胞是免疫效应细胞(例如,免疫效应细胞群)。
16.实施方案15的修饰的细胞,其中所述免疫效应细胞是T细胞或NK细胞。
17.实施方案15的修饰的细胞,其中所述免疫效应细胞是T细胞。
18.实施方案15的修饰的细胞,其中所述T细胞是CD4+T细胞,CD8+T细胞或其组合。
19.前述实施方案中任一项的修饰的细胞,其中所述细胞是人的细胞。
20.前述实施方案中任一项的修饰的细胞,其中所述修饰的细胞包含一种或多种基因的表达或功能的抑制剂。
21.实施方案20的修饰的细胞,其中所述抑制剂是(1)靶向于编码所述一个或多个基因或相应调控元件的基因中的一个或多个位点的基因编辑系统;(2)编码一种或多种基因的基因编辑系统的一种或多种成分的核酸;或(3)其组合。
22.一种药物组合物,其包含实施方案1-21中任一项的细胞群。
23.一种在有此需要的受试者中引起T细胞应答和/或治疗该受试者的肿瘤的方法,该方法包括向该受试者施用有效量的实施方案22的组合物。
24.一种调节T细胞活性的方法,该方法包括:将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群。
25.一种产生表现出增强的记忆T细胞表型的T细胞的方法,所述方法包括:与不包含所述多核苷酸的T细胞相比,将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群。
26.一种在存在T细胞结合的抗原的情况下产生表现出降低的活化水平和/或降低的分化水平的T细胞的方法,该方法包括:与不包含所述多核苷酸的T细胞相比,将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群中。
27.一种响应T细胞结合的抗原的存在而增强T细胞扩增的方法,该方法包括:将编码HMGY的多核苷酸引入T细胞群中。
28.一种产生T细胞的方法,该方法包括与不包括增强的HMGY基因表达和/或功能的T细胞相比,增强T细胞的HMGY基因表达和/或功能。
29.前述实施方案中任一项的方法,其中与不包含多核苷酸或增强的HMGY基因表达和/或功能的T细胞相比,在CD62L和/或CCR7中表现出增加的基因表达的T细胞群体。
30.前述实施方案中任一项的方法,其中与不包含多核苷酸或增强的HMGY基因表达和/或功能的T细胞相比,在CD137和/或KLRG中表现出降低的基因表达的T细胞群体。
31.前述实施方案中任一项的方法,其进一步包括:培养T细胞群;并测量T细胞群的细胞扩增。
32.前述实施方案中任一项的方法,其进一步包括:使所述T细胞群与所述T细胞群结合的抗原接触。
33.前述任何合适的实施方案的方法,其中所述增强的记忆T细胞表型在CD137和/或KLRG中包含减少的基因表达,或所述增强的记忆T细胞表型在CD62L和/或CCR7中包含增加的基因表达。
34.使用任何前述实施方案的方法产生的群体T细胞。
35.一种经工程改造以表达抗原结合分子的修饰细胞,其中已增强了修饰细胞中一个或多个基因的表达和/或功能。
36.实施方案35的修饰的细胞,其中所述一个或多个基因是HMGA1和/或ZBTB38(SEQ ID NO:62)。
37.实施方案35的修饰的细胞,其中与不包含增强的HMGY基因表达和/或功能的细胞相比,所述修饰的细胞在CD62L和/或CCR7中显示出增加的基因表达。
38.实施方案35的修饰的细胞,其中与不包含增强的HMGY基因表达和/或功能的细胞相比,所述修饰的细胞在CD137和/或KLRG中显示出降低的基因表达。
39.前述实施方案中任一项的方法或修饰的细胞,其中所述修饰的细胞或T细胞群体经工程改造以表达抗原结合分子。
40.前述实施方案中任一项的修饰的细胞或T细胞群体,其中所述抗原结合分子是嵌合抗原受体(CAR),其包含抗原结合结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞内信号传导结构域。
41.实施方案40的修饰的细胞或T细胞群体,其中所述抗原结合结构域与肿瘤抗原结合,选自:TSHR,CD19,CD123,CD22,CD30,CD171,CS-1,CLL-1,CD33,EGFRvIII,GD2,GD3,BCMA,Tn Ag,PSMA,ROR1,FLT3,FAP,TAG72,CD38,CD44v6,CEA,EPCAM,B7H3,KIT,IL-13Ra2,间皮素,IL-11Ra,PSCA,PRSS21,VEGFR2,LewisY,CD24,PDGFR-beta,SSEA-4,CD20,叶酸受体α,ERBB2(Her2/neu),MUC1,EGFR,NCAM,Prostase,PAP,ELF2M,Ephrin B2,IGF-1受体,CAIX,LMP2,gp100,bcr-abl,酪氨酸酶,EphA2,岩藻糖基GM1,sLe,GM3,TGS5,HMWMAA,邻乙酰-GD2,叶酸受体beta,TEM1/CD248,TEM7R,CLDN6,GPRC5D,CXORF61,CD97,CD179a,ALK,聚唾液酸,PLAC1,GloboH,NY-BR-1,UPK2,HAVCR1,ADRB3,PANX3,GPR20,LY6K,OR51E2,TARP,WT1,NY-ESO-1,LAGE-1a,MAGE-A1,legumain,HPV E6,E7,MAGE A1,ETV6-AML,精子蛋白17,XAGE1,Tie2,MAD-CT-1,MAD-CT-2,Fos相关抗原1,p53,p53突变体,脯氨酸,存活蛋白和端粒酶,PCTA-1/Galectin 8,MelanA/MART1,Ras突变体,hTERT,肉瘤易位断点,ML-IAP,ERG(TMPRSS2 ETS融合基因),NA17,PAX3,雄激素受体,细胞周期蛋白B1,MYCN,RhoC,TRP-2,CYP1B1,BORIS,SART3,PAX5,OY-TES1,LCK,AKAP-4,SSX2,RAGE-1,人类端粒酶逆转录酶,RU1,RU2,肠道羧化酶,mut hsp70-2,CD79a,CD79b,CD72,LAIR1,FCAR,LILRA2,CD300LF,CLEC12A,BST2,EMR2,LY75,GPC3,FCRL5和IGLL1。
42.根据19的实施方案40所述的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述细胞内信号传导域包含共刺激信号传导域,或初级信号传导域和共刺激信号传导域,其中所述共刺激信号传导域包含选自CD27,CD28、4-1BB(CD137),OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3,一种与CD83,CDS,ICAM-1,GITR,BAFFR,HVEM(LIGHTR),SLAMF7,NKp80(KLRF1),CD160,CD19,CD4,CD8alpha,CD8beta,IL2R beta,IL2Rγ,IL7Ralpha,ITGA4,VLA1,CD49a,ITGA4,IA4,CD49D,ITGA6,VLA-6,CD49f,ITGAD,CD11d,ITGAE,CD103,ITGAL,CD11a,LFA-1,ITGAM,CD11b,ITGAX,CD11c,ITGB1,CD29,ITGB2,CD18,LFA-1,ITGB7,TNFR2,TRANCE/RANKL,DNAM1(CD226),SLAMF4(CD244、2B4),CD84,CD96(Tactile),CEACAM1,CRTAM,Ly9(CD229),CD160(BY55),PSGL1,CD100(SE MA4D),CD69,SLAMF6(NTB-A,Ly108),SLAM(SLAMF1,CD150,IPO-3),BLAME(SLAMF8),SELLPG(CD162),LTBR,LAT,GADS,SLP-76,PAG/Cbp,NKp44,NKp30,NKp46和NKG2D特异性结合的配体的蛋白质的功能性信号传导域。
43.任何合适的前述实施方案的修饰的细胞或T细胞群体,其中所述抗原结合分子是修饰的TCR。
44.实施方案43的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中TCR衍生自患者中自发发生的肿瘤特异性T细胞。
45.实施方案43的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述TCR结合肿瘤抗原。
46.实施方案45的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述肿瘤抗原包含CEA,gp100,MART-1,p53,MAGE-A3或NY-ESO-1。
47.实施方案43的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述TCR包含TCRγ和TCRδ链或TCRα和TCRβ链,或其组合。
48.前述实施方案中任一项的修饰的细胞,其中所述修饰的细胞是免疫效应细胞(例如,免疫效应细胞的群体)。
49.实施方案48的修饰的细胞,其中所述免疫效应细胞是T细胞或NK细胞。
50.实施方案49的修饰的细胞,其中所述免疫效应细胞是T细胞。
51.实施方案49的修饰的细胞,其中所述T细胞是CD4+T细胞,CD8+T细胞或其组合。
52.前述实施方案中任一项的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述细胞是人细胞。
53.前述实施方案的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述修饰的细胞包含一种或多种基因的表达或功能的抑制剂。
54.实施方案53的修饰的细胞或T细胞群,其中所述抑制剂是(1)靶向于编码所述一个或多个基因或相应调控元件的基因内一个或多个位点的基因编辑系统;(2)编码一种或多种基因的基因编辑系统的一种或多种成分的核酸;或(3)其组合。
55.一种药物组合物,其包含前述实施方案中任一项的细胞群。
56.一种施用治疗剂的方法,该方法包括将有效量的实施方案55的组合物施用于受试者,或者在需要其的受试者中引起或引发T细胞应答和/或治疗所述受试者肿瘤的方法。所述方法包括向所述受试者施用有效量的实施方案55的组合物。
57.实施方案24-56之一的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中一种或多种多核苷酸以重组DNA构建体,mRNA或病毒载体存在于修饰的细胞中。
58.实施方案57的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述核酸序列是不整合到所述修饰的细胞的基因组中的mRNA。
59.实施方案56-58之一的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述一种或多种多核苷酸与氧敏感性多肽结构域缔合。
60.实施方案59的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述氧敏感性多肽结构域包含HIF VHL结合结构域。
61.实施方案56-60之一的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中一种或多种多核苷酸的表达由启动子调节,所述启动子包含转录调节子的结合位点,所述转录调节子调节所述表达和/或由细胞中治疗剂的分泌。
62.实施方案61的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述转录调节剂是或包括Hif1α,NFAT,FOXP3和/或NFkB。
63.前述实施方案(24-62)中任一项的修饰的细胞,其中所述一种或多种多核苷酸的表达由NFAT调节,使得所述细胞外囊泡(EV)响应于所述修饰的细胞的活化而组装。
64.一种多核苷酸,其包含转录调节剂(例如,NFAT)的结合位点并编码一种或多种组装细胞外囊泡(EV)和治疗剂的蛋白质。
65.实施方案24-64中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述一种或多种蛋白是自组装蛋白。
66.实施方案24-65中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述一种或多种指导其通过囊泡释放的蛋白为腔膜结合蛋白,选自:逆转录病毒组特异性抗原,逆转录病毒组特异性抗原变异,流感M1蛋白,ARRDC1蛋白,ARC蛋白,埃博拉病毒VP40蛋白和水疱性口炎病毒的M蛋白。
67.实施方案24-66中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞,其中所述一种或多种蛋白包含Arc蛋白,并且所述一种或多种多核苷酸包含编码治疗剂的核酸。
68.一种EV,其包含Arc蛋白和编码或包含治疗剂的核酸,所述核酸是编码治疗剂的DNA或RNA。
69.实施方案67和68中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中所述治疗剂选自siRNA,shRNA和RNAi。
70.实施方案67和68中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中编码治疗剂的核酸连接至3'UTR序列。
71.实施方案70的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中3'UTR序列与所述Arc蛋白结合。
72.实施方案71的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中3'UTR序列是反义mRNA 3'UTR序列。
73.实施方案67和72中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中所述核酸进一步包含转录调节子序列。
74.实施方案24-73中任一项的修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中所述治疗剂是scFv结合在肿瘤细胞的膜上或内部的肿瘤抗原。
75.实施方案74的经修饰的细胞,方法,药物组合物,细胞或EV,其中所述肿瘤抗原是本公开中所列实施方案的至少一种肿瘤抗原。
例子
CAR和修饰的PD-1在原代T细胞上的表达
从患者获得原代T细胞。用慢病毒载体转导获得的原代T细胞。进行流式细胞术并进行分析,以确定CAR和各种修饰的PD-1在原代T细胞中的表达。美国专利号US9,572,837(转让给Innovative Cellular Therapeutics CO.,LTD.的美国专利)提供了与细胞培养,慢病毒载体的构建,流式细胞术以及其他相关技术有关的技术,通过引用整体并入。本公开中列出的序列可以在表3中找到。本公开中列出的序列的更多信息可以在PCT专利公开号:WO2020106843以及WO2019140100和PCT专利申请号:PCT/US20/13099中找到,在此通过引用并入。
表3序列表
HMGY在CART细胞中的表达
图1显示了HMGY在各种细胞中的表达。DAY0获得健康志愿者外周血,用pan T Kit分选CD3+T细胞,按照每1000万T细胞加100ul transAct刺激。DAY1感染T细胞,6922(CAR-h19-28z)(序列64)按照MIO=20.79感染4×106T细胞,7413(H19-28z-2a-HMGY)(序列65)按照MOI=60.03感染4×106T细胞,留6×106T细胞作为NT。DAY2换液,去掉慢病毒,去除transAct,用新鲜的培养基重悬T细胞。DAY7流式检测CAR比例以及细胞表型,由于两种载体都是人源化抗体,因此用人CAR抗体检测。如图1所示,CAR-h19-28z共有27.49%的hCAR表达,H19-28z-2a-HMGY共有19.89%的hCAR表达,检测完按照19.89%CAR调平,按照表5进行实验,共培养24h取样品流式染CAR+多色,96h取细胞跟踪标记的细胞流式检测扩增情况。收集并检测过表达6922、7413的细胞系3T3,以及感染后第5天T细胞,提取RNA之后反转录做QPCR检测,用SYBR Green法相对定量,图示为HMGY的RNA表达量相对于内参β-actin的表达量差异,结果显示过表达了7413的3T3和T细胞的HMGY的RNA都高表达,T细胞本身几乎不表达。
表4
表5实验设计和分组
图2和图3显示了各种细胞中标志物CD62L和CCR7的表达的流式细胞术结果。流式检测NT,6922、7413本底及与nalm6细胞共培养24h细胞表面标志物day7的表达情况。6922、7413在有或无nalm6刺激情况下共培养24h后,流式检测记忆相关标志物CD62L,CCR7,结果显示在CD4和CD8两个T细胞亚群中,过表达HMGY的7413在有或无受到nalm6刺激的情况下都能保持更高的CD62L和CCR7表达,让T细胞保持在记忆T细胞表型状态。过表达HMGY基因后本底的CD62L和CCR7表达量上调,并且受刺激后下调比例显著降低。
图4和5显示了各种细胞的标志物KLRG和CD137的表达的流式细胞术结果。流式检测6922、7413本底及与nalm6细胞共培养24h细胞表面标志物day7的表达情况。6922、7413在有或无nalm6刺激情况下共培养24h后,分别流式检测分化相关标志物KLRG以及激活标志物CD137,结果显示在CD4和CD8两个T细胞亚群中,过表达HMGY的7413在存在nalm6刺激的情况下CD137表达减少,KLRG表达减少,使细胞处于一种弱激活低分化的状态。
图6和7显示了各种细胞的细胞扩增的流式细胞术结果。流式检测细胞跟踪标记的6922、7413本底及与nalm6细胞共培养96h后扩增情况。6922、7413在有或无nalm6刺激情况下共培养96h后,流式检测细胞跟踪标记的T细胞的扩增情况,结果显示在CD4和CD8两个T细胞亚群中,过表达HMGY的7413在存在nalm6刺激的情况下,有更多的扩增代数以及绝对数量,由于是P2A连接的CAR和HMGY两个基因,因此在无nalm6刺激情况下,7413也表现出更好的扩增。
这些数据证明了H19-28z-2a-HMGY载体可以有效的同时表达CAR和HMGY;过表达HMGY基因后,使得CART本底有更高的CD62L和CCR7表达,更偏向于记忆状态,且在受到刺激后也能有效的减少CD62L和CCR7表达的下降,促进了T细胞处在更好的状态;过表达HMGY基因后,受到刺激的CART可以表达较低水平的CD137和KLRG,使细胞处于一种弱激活低分化的状态;过表达HMGY基因后,细胞在接受刺激后能有更多的扩增。
本说明书中引用的所有出版物,专利和专利申请均通过引用整体并入本文,如同每个单独的出版物,专利或专利申请被具体和单独地指示为通过引用并入。虽然已经根据各种实施例描述了前述内容,但是本领域技术人员将认识到,在不脱离其精神的情况下可以进行各种修改,替换,省略和改变。
Claims (7)
1.一种修饰T细胞,所述修饰T细胞包含嵌合抗原受体(CAR),所述CAR的载体结构为H19-28z-2a-HMGY,其中HMGY为高迁移率基团Y;编码所述CAR的载体的多核苷酸为SEQ IDNO:65。
2.根据权利要求1所述的修饰T细胞,其中包含HMGY多核苷酸的T细胞与不包含所述多核苷酸的T细胞相比,CD62L和/或CCR7的基因表达水平增强。
3.根据权利要求1所述的修饰T细胞,其中HMGY过表达。
4.根据权利要求3所述的修饰T细胞,其中所述包含HMGY多核苷酸的T细胞与不包含HMGY多核苷酸的T细胞相比,CD137和/或KLRG的基因表达水平降低。
5.根据权利要求4所述的修饰T细胞,其中所述CAR包含抗原结合结构域,跨膜结构域和细胞内信号传导结构域。
6.根据权利要求5所述的修饰T细胞,所述修饰T细胞与肿瘤抗原结合的抗原结合结构域选自:TSHR,CD19,CD123,CD22,CD30,CD171,CS-1,CLL-1,CD33,EGFRvIII,GD2,GD3,BCMA,Tn Ag,PSMA,ROR1,FLT3,FAP,TAG72,CD38,CD44v6,CEA,EPCAM,B7H3,KIT,IL-13Ra2,间皮素,IL-11Ra,PSCA,PRSS21,VEGFR2,LewisY,CD24,PDGFR-beta,SSEA-4,CD20,叶酸受体α,ERBB2(Her2/neu),MUC1,EGFR,NCAM,Prostase,PAP,ELF2M,Ephrin B2,IGF-1受体,CAIX,LMP2,gp100,bcr-abl,酪氨酸酶,EphA2,岩藻糖基GM1,sLe,GM3,TGS5,HMWMAA,o-乙酰-GD2,叶酸受体β,TEM1/CD248,TEM7R,CLDN6,GPRC5D,CXORF61,CD97,CD179a,ALK,聚唾液酸,PLAC1,GloboH,NY-BR-1,UPK2,HAVCR1,ADRB3,PANX3,GPR20,LY6K,OR51E2,TARP,WT1,NY-ESO-1,LAGE-1a,MAGE-A1,legumain,HPV E6,E7,MAGE A1,ETV6-AML,精子蛋白17,XAGE1,Tie 2,MAD-CT-1,MAD-CT-2,Fos相关抗原1,p53,p53突变体,脯氨酸,存活蛋白和端粒酶,PCTA-1/Galectin 8,MelanA/MART1,Ra s突变体,hTERT,肉瘤易位断点,ML-IAP,ERG(TMPRSS2 ETS融合基因),NA17,PAX3,雄激素受体,细胞周期蛋白B1,MYCN,RhoC,TRP-2,CYP1B1,BORIS,SART3,PAX5,OY-TES1,LCK,AKAP-4,SSX2,RAGE-1,人类端粒酶逆转录酶,RU1,RU2,肠羧基酯酶,mut hsp70-2,CD79a,CD79b,CD72,LAIR1,FCAR,LILRA2,CD300LF,CLEC12A,BST2,EMR2,LY75,GPC3,FCRL5和IGLL1;所述细胞内信号传导结构域选自CD27,CD28、4-1BB(CD137),OX40,CD30,CD40,PD-1,ICOS,淋巴细胞功能相关抗原1(LFA-1),CD2,CD7,LIGHT,NKG2C,B7-H3,与CD83,CDS,ICAM-1,GITR,BAFFR,HVEM(LIGHTR),SLAMF7,NKp80(KLRF1),CD160,CD19,CD4,CD8alpha,CD8beta,IL2R beta,IL2Rγ,IL7Ralpha,ITGA4,VLA1,CD49a,ITGA4,IA4,CD49D,ITGA6,VLA-6,CD49f,ITGAD,CD11d,ITGAE,CD103,ITGAL,CD11a,LFA-1,ITGAM,CD11b,ITGAX,CD11c,ITGB1,CD29,ITGB2,CD18,LFA-1,ITGB7,TNFR2,TRANCE/RANKL,DNAM1(CD226),SLAMF4(CD244、2B4),CD84,CD96(触觉),CEACAM1,CRTAM,Ly9(CD229),CD160(BY55),PSGL1,CD100(SEMA4D),CD69,SLAMF6(NTB-A,Ly108),SLAM(SLAMF1,CD150,IPO-3),BLAME(SLAMF8),SELPLG(CD162),LTBR,LAT,GADS,SLP-76,PAG/Cbp,NKp44,NKp30,NKp46和NKG2D特异性结合的配体的蛋白的功能性信号域。
7.药物组合物,包含权利要求1的所述的修饰T细胞。
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