CN117919500A - 一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架、制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架、制备方法及应用,属于生物工程支架技术领域。其技术方案要点是:(1)利用乳剂挥发法制备出负载活性因子的PLGA微球;(2)利用氧化透明质酸中的醛基和改性明胶中的氨基发生希夫碱反应制备水凝胶。该制备方法工艺简单,反应条件温和,具有良好的生物降解性和生物相容性,可以负载活性因子微球,实现关节腔内原位注射促进软骨再生修复。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程支架技术领域,具体涉及一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架、制备方法及应用。
背景技术
关节软骨缺损是临床上最常见的骨科疾病之一,这不仅会影响膝关节的正常生理功能,还会给带来疼痛,给患者个人和社会带来沉重的经济负担。然而,因为由于其无血管和无神经的性质,它不具有本能的自我修复能力。目前,临床针对于关节软骨修复的主要治疗方案都存在各自的局限,无法使其完全再生修复。因此,关节软骨再生仍然是一个相当大的挑战。
近年来,组织工程学的出现为软骨缺损的修复提供了广阔的研究领域和应用前景。组织工程支架根据制备方法的不同,可分为预成型支架和可注射支架。尽管预成型支架的研究取得了一定的进展,但其临床应用时,势必导致关节囊、滑膜和韧带等正常关节组织结构破坏,增加病人的痛苦,延长康复时间,甚至引起感染、关节僵硬等并发症。可注射性软骨的出现正好弥补了预制成型软骨的不足,可直接在关节腔内注射,创伤小,操作简便,与周围组织整合性好,且根据软骨缺损形状任意塑形,从而大大提高了临床应用的可操作性,成为组织工程软骨临床应用的发展方向。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的缺陷与不足,本发明提供了一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架、制备方法及应用。本发明以天然多糖透明质酸和明胶为原料,利用醛基和氨基发生希夫碱反应制备出具有生物活性的可注射的仿生软骨支架,解决了支架难以吸收,需要二次取出的困扰,还弥补了预制成型软骨支架难以于周围组织整合的不足。本发明软骨支架可实现原位注射,适应缺损部位任意不规则形貌,操作简便,可长期有效释放活性因子,促进软骨再生修复。
本发明提供给了一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架,所述的可注射仿生软骨支架直接在关节腔内原位注射,根据任意缺损部位进行填充生成仿生软骨支架,该支架具有良好的生物相容性,长期有效释放活性因子,促进种子细胞向软骨细胞分化。
本发明提供的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,包括PLGA载药微球的制备,氧化透明质酸(OHA)的制备,氨基化明胶的制备,可注射仿生软骨支架的制备,具体步骤如下:
(1)将活性因子溶于DMSO溶液中形成质量分数为10%~50%的溶液,将PLGA粉末溶于二氯甲烷溶液中形成质量分数为1%~5%的溶液,将活性因子溶液通过蠕动泵逐滴加入到二氯甲烷溶液中,使用均质搅拌机以8-16K的乳化速率快速搅,离心,洗涤,制备出PLGA载药微球;
(2)配制100ml的1~3wt%透明质酸溶液,超声除去气泡,避光加入10~20wt%高碘酸钠溶液25ml,搅拌2~4h后加入3~5ml乙二醇终止反应1h,用去离子水透析5天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(3)配制100ml 1wt%明胶溶液,加热50度搅拌至无色透明,加入1~3g改性剂,反应2~5h,调节pH为6.8,然后0.405g HOBt溶于10ml DMSO,0.575g EDC溶于10ml水,依次滴加到上述溶液,调节pH为5.25,室温搅拌过夜,用去离子水透析7天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(4)可注射仿生软骨支架的制备:将分散在OHA中的PLGA载药微球溶液和氨基化明胶溶液,分别加入双联混药器的两管中,挤出便可原位生成可注射仿生软骨支架。
进一步,所述活性因子为骨形态发生蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子、转化生长因子及小分子药物Kartogenin等促干细胞成软骨分化因子中的一种或几种。
进一步,所述步骤(3)的改性剂为碳酰肼(CDH)或己二酸二酰肼(ADH)。
进一步,所述步骤(4)中PLGA载药微球分散在OHA溶液后,浓度为100~400μg/ml。
进一步,所述氧化透明质酸与氨基化明胶的质量比为1:1~1:5。
进一步,所述氧化透明质酸与氨基化明胶的溶剂为无菌PBS,双联混药器也为一次性无菌注射器。
本发明提供的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架应用于软骨组织再生修复。
本发明有益技术效果:
(1)本发明制备仿生软骨支架的原料为天然多糖透明质酸和明胶,均具有良好的生物相容性和生物降解性,醛基和氨基之间的希夫碱反应温和,对细胞较为友好,该支架具有三维多孔结构,能够为细胞的生长提供良好的微环境。
(2)发明通过设计的递送系统,有效地进行活性因子的递送,克服了这类活性因子因为水溶性差、半衰期短等因素导致的给药效率低、难以有效的胞内药物递送的问题,为软骨修复提供有效策略。
(3)本发明原料来源广泛,制备方法简单,成胶速度快,可适应缺损部位不规则形貌实现软骨缺损部位原位填充成型等优点,有望作为组织工程软骨支架在临床上得到应用。
附图说明
图1为氧化透明质酸的化学式;
图2为透明质酸和氧化透明质酸的红外光谱图;其中,HA为透明质酸,OHA为氧化透明质酸;
图3为改性明胶的化学式;
图4为红外光谱图;其中,Gel为明胶,Gel-CDH为碳酰肼改性明胶,Gel-ADH为己二酸二酰肼改性明胶;
图5为实施例3制备的可注射支架的红外光谱图;其中,OHA为氧化透明质酸,Gel-CDH为碳酰肼改性明胶,OHA/Gel-CDH为可注射支架;
图6为实施例4制备出的可注射仿生软骨支架的SEM图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步地详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1:
(1)将活性因子溶于DMSO溶液中形成质量分数为10%的溶液,将PLGA粉末溶于二氯甲烷溶液中形成质量分数为1%的溶液,将活性因子溶液通过蠕动泵逐滴加入到二氯甲烷溶液中,使用均质搅拌机以10K的乳化速率快速搅拌2min,室温搅拌过夜充分挥发二氯甲烷,离心后多次洗涤制备出PLGA载药微球。
(2)氧化透明质酸(OHA)的制备:配制100ml的1wt%透明质酸溶液,超声除去气泡,避光加入10wt%高碘酸钠溶液25ml,搅拌2h后加入3ml乙二醇终止反应1h,用去离子水透析5天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(3)氨基化明胶的制备:配制100ml 1wt%明胶溶液,加热50度搅拌至无色透明,加入1g改性剂碳酰肼(CDH),反应2h,调节pH为6.8,0.405g HOBt溶于10ml DMSO,0.575g EDC溶于10ml水,依次滴加到上述溶液,调节pH为5.25,室温搅拌过夜,用去离子水透析7天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(4)可注射仿生软骨支架的制备:将分散在OHA中的PLGA载药微球溶液和氨基化明胶溶液,分别加入双联混药器的两管中,挤出便可原位生成可注射仿生软骨支架。
从图2的红外光谱显示,透明质酸中没有醛基的特征峰,而氧化透明质酸出现了醛基的特征峰,说明透明质酸被氧化,生成了醛基,得到了氧化透明质酸。
实施例2:
(1)将活性因子溶于DMSO溶液中形成质量分数为50%的溶液,将PLGA粉末溶于二氯甲烷溶液中形成质量分数为5%的溶液,将活性因子溶液通过蠕动泵逐滴加入到二氯甲烷溶液中,使用均质搅拌机以10K的乳化速率快速搅拌2min,室温搅拌过夜充分挥发二氯甲烷,离心后多次洗涤制备出PLGA载药微球。
(2)氧化透明质酸(OHA)的制备:配制100ml的3wt%透明质酸溶液,超声除去气泡,避光加入20wt%高碘酸钠溶液25ml,搅拌4h后加入5ml乙二醇终止反应1h,用去离子水透析5天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(3)氨基化明胶的制备:配制100ml 3wt%明胶溶液,加热50度搅拌至无色透明,加入3g改性剂己二酸二酰肼(ADH),反应5h,调节pH为6.8,0.405g HOBt溶于10ml DMSO,0.575g EDC溶于10ml水,依次滴加到上述溶液,调节pH为5.25,室温搅拌过夜,用去离子水透析7天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(4)可注射仿生软骨支架的制备:将分散在OHA中的PLGA载药微球溶液和氨基化明胶溶液,分别加入双联混药器的两管中,挤出便可原位生成可注射仿生软骨支架。
从图4的红外光谱显示,氨基的特征峰进一步加强,说明经过改性剂改性后,明胶的氨基数目增多。
实施例3:
(1)将活性因子溶于DMSO溶液中形成质量分数为20%的溶液,将PLGA粉末溶于二氯甲烷溶液中形成质量分数为3%的溶液,将活性因子溶液通过蠕动泵逐滴加入到二氯甲烷溶液中,使用均质搅拌机以10K的乳化速率快速搅拌2min,室温搅拌过夜充分挥发二氯甲烷,离心后多次洗涤制备出PLGA载药微球。
(2)氧化透明质酸(OHA)的制备:配制100ml的2wt%透明质酸溶液,超声除去气泡,避光加入15wt%高碘酸钠溶液25ml,搅拌4h后加入4ml乙二醇终止反应1h,用去离子水透析5天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(3)氨基化明胶的制备:配制100ml 2wt%明胶溶液,50度加热搅拌至无色透明,加入2g改性剂碳酰肼(CDH),反应3h,调节pH为6.8,0.405g HOBt溶于10ml DMSO,0.575g EDC溶于10ml水,依次滴加到上述溶液,调节pH为5.25,室温搅拌过夜,用去离子水透析7天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(4)可注射仿生软骨支架的制备:将分散在OHA中的PLGA载药微球溶液和氨基化明胶溶液,分别加入双联混药器的两管中,挤出便可原位生成可注射仿生软骨支架。
图5的红外光谱图显示,醛基峰消失,证明希夫碱反应的发生。
实施例4:
(1)将活性因子溶于DMSO溶液中形成质量分数为40%的溶液,将PLGA粉末溶于二氯甲烷溶液中形成质量分数为5%的溶液,将活性因子溶液通过蠕动泵逐滴加入到二氯甲烷溶液中,使用均质搅拌机以10K的乳化速率快速搅拌2min,室温搅拌过夜充分挥发二氯甲烷,离心后多次洗涤制备出PLGA载药微球。
(2)氧化透明质酸(OHA)的制备:配制100ml的1wt%透明质酸溶液,超声除去气泡,避光加入20wt%高碘酸钠溶液25ml,搅拌2h后加入5ml乙二醇终止反应1h,用去离子水透析5天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(3)氨基化明胶的制备:配制100ml 3wt%明胶溶液,加热50度搅拌至无色透明,加入3g改性剂己二酸二酰肼(ADH),反应3h,调节pH为6.8,0.405g HOBt溶于10ml DMSO,0.575g EDC溶于10ml水,依次滴加到上述溶液,调节pH为5.25,室温搅拌过夜,用去离子水透析7天,然后进行冷冻干燥。
(4)可注射仿生软骨支架的制备:将分散在OHA中的PLGA载药微球溶液和氨基化明胶溶液,分别加入双联混药器的两管中,挤出便可原位生成可注射仿生软骨支架。
从制备出的可注射仿生软骨支架SEM图(图6)中可观察到支架呈现出三维多孔网络结构,孔洞之间相互连通,可见明显PLGA微球。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架,其特征在于:所述的可注射仿生软骨支架直接在关节腔内原位注射,根据任意缺损部位进行填充生成仿生软骨支架,该支架具有良好的生物相容性,长期有效释放活性因子,促进种子细胞向软骨细胞分化。
2.一种具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)载药微球的制备:将活性因子溶于DMSO溶液中形成质量分数为10%~50%的溶液,将PLGA粉末溶于二氯甲烷溶液中形成质量分数为1%~5%的溶液,将活性因子溶液通过蠕动泵逐滴加入到二氯甲烷溶液中,使用均质搅拌机以8-16K的乳化速率快速搅,离心,洗涤,制备出PLGA载药微球;
(2)氧化透明质酸(OHA)的制备:配制100ml的1~3wt%透明质酸溶液,超声除去气泡,避光加入10~20wt%高碘酸钠溶液25ml,搅拌2~4h后加入3~5ml乙二醇终止反应1h,用去离子水透析5天,然后冷冻干燥;
(3)氨基化明胶的制备:配制100ml 1wt%明胶溶液,加热50度搅拌至无色透明,加入1~3g改性剂,反应2~5h,调节pH为6.8;然后0.405g 1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)溶于10ml二甲基亚砜(DMSO),0.575g 1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺(EDC)溶于10ml水,依次滴加到上述溶液,调节pH为5.25,室温搅拌过夜,用去离子水透析7天,然后进行冷冻干燥;
(4)可注射仿生软骨支架的制备:将分散在OHA中的PLGA载药微球溶液和氨基化明胶溶液,分别加入双联混药器的两管中,挤出便可原位生成可注射仿生软骨支架。
3.根据权利要求2所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于:所述活性因子为骨形态发生蛋白、胰岛素样生长因子、转化生长因子及小分子药物Kartogenin等促干细胞成软骨分化因子中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)的改性剂为碳酰肼(CDH)或己二酸二酰肼(ADH)。
5.根据权利要求2所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中PLGA载药微球分散在OHA溶液后,浓度为100~400μg/ml。
6.根据权利要求2所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于:氧化透明质酸与氨基化明胶的质量比为1:1~1:5。
7.根据权利要求2所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于:氧化透明质酸与氨基化明胶的溶剂为无菌磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)。
8.根据权利要求2所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)的双联混药器为一次性医用无菌注射器。
9.权利要求1所述的具有生物活性的可注射仿生软骨支架应用于软骨组织再生修复。
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