CN117899091A - 小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物及应用 - Google Patents
小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于药物技术领域,公开了一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物及应用,药物组成包括:1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液。本发明提供的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,肾上腺素可激动支气管平滑肌的β2受体,发挥强大的舒张支气管作用。能抑制肥大细胞释放组胺等过敏性物质,激动支气管黏膜血管的α受体,使其收缩有利于消除支气管黏膜水肿。吸入用布地奈德混悬液为不含卤素的肾上腺皮质激素类药物,具有抑制呼吸道炎症反应,减轻呼吸道高反应性,缓解支气管痉挛作用。乙酰半胱氨酸分子结构中的巯基基团降低痰液粘度,使痰等分泌物易于排出。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物技术领域,尤其涉及一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物及应用。
背景技术
实变性肺炎是由致病菌感染引起,导致终末细支气管以远的含气腔隙,被病理性液体、细胞或组织所代替。病变可由局部肺泡迅速蔓延至一个肺段或整个实变。临床上起病急骤,常以高热、寒战起病,继而出现咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛及呼吸困难,并有肺实变体征及外周血白细胞计数增高等,部分患儿病情严重甚至危及生命,病程长短不一,少数可遗留支气管扩张、在气管闭锁等并发症。疾病常见诱因有受凉、劳累或免疫力减低等。
传统治疗实变性肺炎以保守使用抗菌药抗感染为主,近年来,随着小儿呼吸介入病学的发展,在传统抗感染治疗下配合支气管镜肺泡灌洗术,其操作方法主要为:经鼻腔或口腔置入支气管镜,当支气管镜到达病变支气管时,通过支气管镜工作孔道向其注入生理盐水并进行抽吸,收集肺泡表面液体及清除填充于肺泡内的物质,进行炎症与免疫细胞及可溶性物质的检查,达到明确诊断和治疗的目的。但笔者发现,多数实变性肺实变患儿虽经抗感染及支气管肺泡灌洗治疗,但期内(尤其在1周内)复查影像学检查,实变灶多不能有效吸收,甚至有病灶进一步扩大,甚至复查支气管镜出现支气管扩张等并发症。因此,亟待相关治疗方法进一步发展,支气管镜下保留给药被探索性的应用于临床治疗。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供了一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物及应用。
本发明是这样实现的,一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,该药物组成具体包括:
1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液。
进一步,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液具体体积配比为:1-3:2-3:6-7;
进一步,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:1:3:6
进一步,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:2:2:6
进一步,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:1:2:7。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物的应用,包括所述的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物。
结合上述的技术方案和解决的技术问题,本发明所要保护的技术方案所具备的优点及积极效果为:
第一、本发明提供的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,肾上腺素可激动支气管平滑肌的β2受体,发挥强大的舒张支气管作用。能抑制肥大细胞释放组胺等过敏性物质,激动支气管黏膜血管的α受体,使其收缩,降低毛细血管的通透性,有利于消除支气管黏膜水肿。吸入用布地奈德混悬液为不含卤素的肾上腺皮质激素类药物,具有抑制呼吸道炎症反应,减轻呼吸道高反应性,缓解支气管痉挛等作用。乙酰半胱氨酸分子结构中的巯基基团使粘蛋白分子复合物间的双硫键断裂,降低痰液粘度,使痰等分泌物易于排出。
第二,本发明提供的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物副作用较低,可有效治疗小儿实变性肺炎,具有效果好、见效快、无毒副作用和不易复发的优势。
第三,本发明还具备以下优点:
药物组合的针对性:肾上腺素具有缓解气道炎症和缩小血管的作用,减轻肺部充血。布地奈德作为一种吸入性糖皮质激素,能有效减少肺部炎症反应。乙酰半胱氨酸作为一种祛痰剂,帮助清除气道分泌物。
安全性和耐受性:这些药物的副作用较小,适用于小儿患者,尤其是在精确的剂量配比下。
灵活的给药方式:联合镜下保留给药方式可确保药物直接作用于肺部,增强治疗效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的药物具体应用方法流程图;
图2是本发明实施例提供的患者A临时医嘱单;
图3是本发明实施例提供的患者A的CT检查图,(a)2023年11月07日CT检查(b)2023年11月12日复查CT检查;
图4是本发明实施例提供的患者B临时医嘱单;
图5是本发明实施例提供的患者B的CT检查图,(a)2023年11月13日CT检查(b)2023年11月20日复查CT检查。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
该药物组合用于小儿实变性肺炎治疗中的肺泡灌洗和镜下给药,具有抗炎、稳定细胞膜、改善呼吸功能等作用。以下是两个具体的应用实施例以及它们的实现方案:
应用实施例1:肺泡灌洗治疗实变性肺炎
用于治疗小儿实变性肺炎,特别是在肺泡蛋白质积聚较多,导致呼吸功能障碍较为严重的情况。
1)药物配制:按照1:3:6的比例配制药物,即1:10000肾上腺与吸入用布地奈德混悬液和吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液的体积比为1:3:6。
2)肺泡灌洗:在支气管镜下进行肺泡灌洗,使用配制好的药物溶液,轻柔地冲洗肺泡,以清除积聚的蛋白质和炎症细胞。
3)药物给药:灌洗后,通过雾化吸入方式给予药物,以减轻气道炎症,改善通气和氧合。
应用实施例2:镜下直接给药治疗实变性肺炎
用于治疗小儿实变性肺炎,尤其适用于炎症反应较为明显、需要直接镜下给药的情况。
1)药物配制:按照2:2:6的比例配制药物,即1:10000肾上腺与吸入用布地奈德混悬液和吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液的体积比为2:2:6。
2)镜下给药:在支气管镜检查时,直接通过镜下将配制好的药物溶液喷洒于受影响的肺部区域。
3)症状观察与调整:观察患儿呼吸功能改善情况,根据需要调整药物剂量和给药频率。
在这两个实施例中,药物组合的使用主要依赖于疾病的严重程度、患儿的年龄和体重等因素。在实际应用中,医生需要根据具体情况调整药物配比和给药方式。此外,监测患儿的反应和副作用,确保治疗安全性是非常重要的。
本发明实施例的两个具体实施例为:
实施例1:儿童哮喘治疗
开发一种新型的肺部给药系统,专门针对儿童哮喘。该系统结合肺泡灌洗技术,使用特定的药物配比(肾上腺素、布地奈德和乙酰半胱氨酸)进行精确治疗。采用微型化的灌洗设备,可调节药物的释放速率和剂量,确保药物均匀分布于受影响的肺部区域。通过无线遥控技术,医生可以远程调节给药参数,以适应患儿的具体需要。集成传感器实时监测肺部状况,如氧饱和度和呼吸频率,提供实时反馈以优化治疗计划。
实施例2:复杂性肺部感染治疗
面对抗生素治疗效果有限的复杂性肺部感染,提出一种创新的联合给药方案。结合肾上腺素、布地奈德、乙酰半胱氨酸与抗生素,实现靶向治疗。开发一种特殊的缓释微胶囊,能够在肺部逐渐释放药物。这种微胶囊在低pH值(如感染区域常见的环境)下更快释放药物,从而实现对病灶的精准治疗。系统配备智能算法,根据病情进展调整药物释放策略。例如,在感染严重时增加抗生素释放速度,而在炎症减轻时减少布地奈德的用量。
本发明实施例提供一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,该药物组成具体包括:
1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液。
所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液具体体积配比为:1-3:2-3:6-7;
所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:1:3:6
所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:2:2:6
所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:1:2:7。
本发明实施例提供一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物的应用,包括所述的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物。
如图1所示,该药物具体应用方法如下:
S1:将可弯曲支气管镜嵌顿于存在实变的靶支气管;
S2:经支气管镜工作孔道先后注入37℃生理盐水(1mL/kg/次,≤20mL/次,总量≤5~10mL/kg);
S3:通过负压100~200mmHg(l mmHg=0.133kPa),选择的负压值以吸引时支气管腔不塌陷为宜)的吸引器吸引获取支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF),每次灌洗液的回吸收率应该>40%;
S4:灌洗治疗后,以每个段支气管作为镜下保留给药的独立单位,在靶支气管保留给药,给药药物组成为1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液。
每个段支气管给药用法用量如下,配制成1:10000肾上腺0.5~lm,吸入用布地奈德混悬液0.125mg~0.5mg,吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液0.05g~0.1g;给药后不再使用负压吸引吸出保留给予的药液。
应当注意,本发明的实施方式可以通过硬件、软件或者软件和硬件的结合来实现。硬件部分可以利用专用逻辑来实现;软件部分可以存储在存储器中,由适当的指令执行系统,例如微处理器或者专用设计硬件来执行。本领域的普通技术人员可以理解上述的设备和方法可以使用计算机可执行指令和/或包含在处理器控制代码中来实现,例如在诸如磁盘、CD或DVD-ROM的载体介质、诸如只读存储器(固件)的可编程的存储器或者诸如光学或电子信号载体的数据载体上提供了这样的代码。本发明的设备及其模块可以由诸如超大规模集成电路或门阵列、诸如逻辑芯片、晶体管等的半导体、或者诸如现场可编程门阵列、可编程逻辑设备等的可编程硬件设备的硬件电路实现,也可以用由各种类型的处理器执行的软件实现,也可以由上述硬件电路和软件的结合例如固件来实现。
本发明实施例提供的一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物及应用方法。通过支气管肺泡灌洗术治疗,可以抽吸出充填于支气管、肺泡内的物质,减少局部病原微生物、炎症细胞,在一定程度上改善局部通气功能。笔者根据肾上腺素可激动支气管平滑肌的β2受体,发挥强大的舒张支气管作用,能抑制肥大细胞释放组胺等过敏性物质,激动支气管黏膜血管的α受体,使其收缩,降低毛细血管的通透性,有利于消除支气管黏膜水肿;吸入用布地奈德混悬液为不含卤素的肾上腺皮质激素类药物,具有抑制呼吸道炎症反应,减轻呼吸道高反应性,缓解支气管痉挛等作用;乙酰半胱氨酸分子结构中的巯基基团使粘蛋白分子复合物间的双硫键断裂,降低痰液粘度,使痰等分泌物易于排出的药理机制,合理的将三种药物配比后在病灶肺段保留给药,更有利于减轻局部炎症及三种,利于新产生的分泌物排出,促进实变性肺炎消退。
本发明实施例提供一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物的应用,包括所述的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物。
如图1所示,该药物具体应用方法如下:
S1:将可弯曲支气管镜嵌顿于存在实变的靶支气管;
S2:经支气管镜工作孔道先后注入37℃生理盐水(1mL/kg/次,≤20mL/次,);
S3:通过负压(l mmHg=0.133kPa),选择的负压值以吸引时支气管腔不塌陷为宜)的吸引器吸引获取支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF),每次灌洗液的回吸收率应该>40%;
S4:灌洗治疗后,以每个段支气管作为镜下保留给药的独立单位,在靶支气管保留给药,给药药物组成为1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液。
每个段支气管给药用法用量如下,配制成1:10000肾上腺吸入用布地奈德混悬液/>吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液0.05g~0.1g;给药后不再使用负压吸引吸出保留给予的药液。
笔者通过观察实施上述治疗患儿发现,与单纯支气管肺泡灌洗治疗,并未出现新的不良反应,在术后患儿发热、咳嗽等表现上无统计学差异,而患儿咳嗽、喘息症状缓解的时间及肺部实变影消退的时间较传统治疗显著提前。如图2-图5所示为两个患儿的印证病例资料。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,其特征在于,包括:
1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液。
2.如权利要求1所述小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,其特征在于,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液具体体积配比为:1-3:2-3:6-7。
3.如权利要求2所述小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,其特征在于,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:1:3:6。
4.如权利要求1所述小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,其特征在于,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:2:2:6。
5.如权利要求1所述小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物,其特征在于,所述1:10000肾上腺、吸入用布地奈德混悬液、吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液比例为:1:2:7。
6.一种小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物的应用,包括上述权利要求1-5任一项所述的小儿实变性肺炎肺泡灌洗联合镜下保留给药药物。
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