CN117865484A - Velvet glaze, velvet tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Velvet glaze, velvet tile and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117865484A CN117865484A CN202311650921.8A CN202311650921A CN117865484A CN 117865484 A CN117865484 A CN 117865484A CN 202311650921 A CN202311650921 A CN 202311650921A CN 117865484 A CN117865484 A CN 117865484A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 magnesium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WOIHABYNKOEWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sr].[Ba] Chemical compound [Sr].[Ba] WOIHABYNKOEWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical group [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001597 celsian Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFQXGXDIJMBKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxostrontium Chemical compound [Sr]=O UFQXGXDIJMBKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010020 roller printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses velvet glaze, velvet tile and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the field of building ceramics, wherein the velvet glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: albite, potash feldspar, calcined kaolin, air knife clay, magnesia-alumina spinel, wollastonite, calcined zinc oxide, strontium carbonate, dolomite, calcined talcum and matte frit. The matte frit is matched with other components in the glaze, so that the surface of a ceramic tile product using velvet glaze presents soft matte impression and has fine touch; in addition, the raw materials and the proportion of the velvet glaze are optimized, and the use of raw materials with large loss on ignition is reduced, so that the burnt velvet glaze is more compact, the antifouling performance of the surface of the tile can be enhanced, the surface of the tile is wear-resistant and high in hardness, the surface of the tile has fine touch, and the problem that the existing matte velvet tile cannot simultaneously give consideration to fine touch and excellent antifouling performance and high hardness is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building ceramics, in particular to velvet glaze, velvet tiles and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Velvet tile is an emerging decorative material, its surface touch is like velvet, and the reflected light is soft and rich, so that the wall surface and ground surface can present elegant artistic effect. Compared with common tiles, velvet tiles are more decorative and personalized. At present, velvet products which are promoted by most ceramic tile brands are divided into two system rows, wherein one series is soft velvet ceramic tiles with the surface glossiness of 30-50 degrees, the other series is matte velvet ceramic tiles with the surface glossiness of 8-20 degrees, and the surfaces of the matte velvet ceramic tiles are finer than soft, but the surfaces of the matte velvet ceramic tiles are antifouling, hardness and wear resistance are poorer than those of the soft velvet ceramic tiles;
it can be seen that there is a need for improvements and improvements in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide velvet glaze, velvet tiles and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of pollution prevention, hardness and abrasion resistance of the surface of the existing matte velvet tile compared with that of the existing soft velvet tile.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the velvet glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of albite, 20-28 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-8 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of air knife clay, 2-6 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 8-12 parts of matte frit, 2-6 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5-9 parts of strontium carbonate, 6-10 parts of dolomite and 3-8 parts of calcined talcum.
In the velvet glaze, the chemical composition of the matte frit is as follows according to mass percent: siO (SiO) 2 ：50％～60％、Al 2 O 3 ：12％～16％、CaO：3.0％～7.0％、MgO：0.0％～7.0％、K 2 O：4.0％～10.0％、Na 2 O：0.0％～10.0％、ZnO：3.0％～6.0％、SrO：3.0％～4.0％、BaO：5％。
In the velvet glaze, the matte frit comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of quartz, 1-5 parts of calcined alumina, 23.5-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 0-35 parts of albite, 0-6.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0-10 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-7 parts of strontium carbonate, 3-6 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 6.4 parts of barium carbonate.
The invention also provides a velvet tile, which comprises a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by the velvet glaze Shi Lin.
The preparation method of the velvet tile comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank to form a green body layer through a press, and conveying the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain the velvet tile.
In the preparation method of the velvet tile, in the step S001, the drying temperature of the green body layer is 80-85 ℃.
In the preparation method of the velvet tile, in the step S003, the pattern layer comprises an ink-jet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top.
In the preparation method of the velvet tile, in the step S004, the specific gravity of velvet glaze is 1.8-1.9 g/cm 3 The flow rate is 32-41 s, the glazing quantity is 535-545g/m 2 。
In the preparation method of the velvet tile, in the step S004, the kiln firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the firing period is 35-45 min.
In the preparation method of the velvet tile, in the step S001, the thickness of the green layer is 10.4-10.5 mm.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention provides a velvet glaze, velvet tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the velvet glaze and other components in the glaze are matched for use, so that the surface of a tile product using the velvet glaze presents soft and matte impression, and has fine touch; in addition, the raw materials and the proportion of the velvet glaze are optimized, and the use of raw materials with large loss on ignition is reduced, so that the burnt velvet glaze is more compact, the antifouling performance of the surface of the tile can be enhanced, the surface of the tile is wear-resistant and high in hardness, the surface of the tile has fine touch, and the problem that the existing matte velvet tile cannot simultaneously give consideration to fine touch and excellent antifouling performance and high hardness is solved.
The invention also provides the velvet tile, the surface of which presents soft matte appearance, the hand feeling is fine and smooth, the antifouling performance can reach 5 levels, the wear resistance can reach 4 levels, and the Mohs hardness is more than or equal to 5.
Compared with the existing velvet tile preparation method, the velvet tile preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that only one velvet glaze layer is needed to be sprayed on the pattern layer, so that the glaze surface is wear-resistant, high in hardness, soft, matte and smooth in touch sense, excellent in antifouling performance, meanwhile, the working procedures can be saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a velvet tile provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides velvet glaze, velvet tile and a preparation method thereof, which are used for making the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the invention clearer and more definite, and the invention is further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The velvet glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of albite, 20-28 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-8 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of air knife clay, 2-6 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 8-12 parts of matte frit, 2-6 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5-9 parts of strontium carbonate, 6-10 parts of dolomite and 3-8 parts of calcined talcum.
Among the above components, potassium feldspar and albite play a role of fluxing, and can be used for adjusting the fluidity of the glaze at high and low temperatures, and simultaneously providing alumina and silica for the glaze.
The calcined kaolin has the advantages that the calcined kaolin has the organic matters burned out to form a certain crystal structure, is more stable, hard and compact than the calcined kaolin, has no cohesiveness, is used for introducing alumina, is favorable for forming mullite crystal phase, and ensures that the glaze is wear-resistant and has high hardness. The air knife clay is clay, and the main component is aluminum silicate, which has the performances of cohesiveness, plasticity, suspension property, binding capacity and the like, and gives the glaze good formability.
Wollastonite is used to incorporate calcium oxide and quartz. The calcium oxide can react with silicon and aluminum in the glaze to generate anorthite crystals, so that the glaze is wear-resistant and high in hardness; the addition of quartz is favorable for the formation of glass phase in the glaze, inhibits the transition growth of crystal phase and fills air holes, so that the glaze is more compact, the antifouling property of the glaze can be enhanced, the glaze is wear-resistant and high in hardness, and the glaze has fine touch. In addition, the wollastonite does not generate gas after reacting with other components in the glaze, which is helpful for reducing the number of pores on the glaze surface and ensuring the compact glaze surface.
Dolomite is used to introduce calcium oxide and magnesium oxide. The dolomite particles are fine, uniform and compact, and gaps can be filled in the glaze after the dolomite particles are added into the glaze, so that the roughness of the surface of the glaze is reduced, and the touch of the glaze is finer; meanwhile, the dolomite has higher hardness, and the hardness of the glaze can be improved and the surface scratches and abrasion can be reduced when the dolomite is added into the glaze. In addition, dolomite can also stabilize the acid-base performance of the glaze in the glaze, so that the glaze has better acid-base resistance. The addition of calcined talcum is used for introducing magnesium oxide, so that the whiteness of the glaze can be improved, the fluxing capability, the thermal stability and other performances are improved, and the loss-of-combustion shrinkage rate of the glaze is reduced, thereby reducing the cracking and deformation of the glaze.
Magnesia-alumina spinel is one of spinel minerals, and is a crystal structure formed by coordination of magnesium ions and aluminum ions in an octahedral manner, and can replace part of dolomite, so that magnesia and alumina are introduced into glaze. Compared with the mode of introducing dolomite into the glaze to lead the glaze to introduce magnesium oxide, the magnesia-alumina spinel does not generate gas when participating in the reaction with other components in the glaze, can reduce the number of pores on the glaze, ensures that the glaze is more compact, has high wear resistance and high hardness and enhances the antifouling property of the glaze.
The calcined zinc oxide has a strong fluxing effect in the glaze, can reduce the expansion coefficient of the glaze, improves the thermal stability of the glaze surface, and ensures that the glaze surface is not easy to crack; meanwhile, the calcined zinc oxide can react with aluminum oxide to produce zinc spinel, so that a certain amount of crystals can be formed in the glaze by controlling the addition amount of the calcined zinc oxide, thereby being beneficial to improving the hardness and antifouling property of the glaze. Strontium carbonate can improve the fluidity of the glaze in the firing process and improve the wear resistance of the glaze. The matte frit is introduced into the glaze, so that the gloss of the glaze can be adjusted, the texture of the glaze can be ensured more easily, and the glaze presents softer and finer matte appearance.
According to the invention, the matte frit is matched with other components in the glaze, so that the surface of a ceramic tile product using velvet glaze presents soft matte impression and has fine touch; in addition, the raw materials and the proportion of the velvet glaze are optimized, and the use of raw materials with large loss on ignition is reduced, so that the burnt velvet glaze is more compact, the antifouling performance of the surface of the tile can be enhanced, the surface of the tile is wear-resistant and high in hardness, the surface of the tile has fine touch, and the problem that the existing matte velvet tile cannot simultaneously give consideration to fine touch and excellent antifouling performance and high hardness is solved.
In certain embodiments, the matte frit has a chemical composition, calculated as mass percent, of: siO (SiO) 2 ：50％～60％、Al 2 O 3 ：12％～16％、CaO：3.0％～7.0％、MgO：0.0％～7.0％、K 2 O：4.0％～10.0％、Na 2 O：0.0％～10.0％、ZnO：3.0％～6.0％、SrO：3.0％～4.0％、：5％。
In the chemical composition of the matte frit, barium oxide (BaO) reacts with silicon oxide and aluminum oxide to produce celsian microcrystals, so that the matte frit is introduced into velvet glaze, the velvet glaze can be adjusted to be matte, and the hardness of the velvet glaze can be improved due to the existence of microcrystals, so that the glaze has fine touch.
In addition, in the chemical composition of the matte frit, strontium oxide (SrO) can react with barium oxide, silicon oxide and aluminum oxide together to produce barium-strontium solid solution, and the barium-strontium feldspar solid solution has a relatively stable crystal structure, is introduced into velvet glaze, can improve the thermal stability of the glaze, and is not easy to crack under the condition of thermal shock, so that velvet tile products can be used for decoration of kitchen inner walls, kitchen cabinets and the like, and the use scene of the velvet tile products is widened.
In certain embodiments, the matte frit comprises the following components: 10-20 parts of quartz, 1-5 parts of calcined alumina, 23.5-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 0-35 parts of albite, 0-6.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0-10 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-7 parts of strontium carbonate, 3-6 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 6.4 parts of barium carbonate.
The invention also provides a velvet tile, which comprises a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by the velvet glaze Shi Lin, and the spraying mode can be oil spraying, bell jar glaze spraying and the like. The velvet tile surface presents soft matte appearance, has fine touch (shown in figure 1), excellent antifouling performance, wear resistance and high hardness.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the velvet tile, which is used for preparing the velvet tile and comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank to form a green body layer through a press, and conveying the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain the velvet tile.
Compared with the existing velvet tile preparation method, the velvet tile preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that only one velvet glaze layer is needed to be sprayed on the pattern layer, so that the glaze surface is wear-resistant, high in hardness, soft, matte and smooth in touch sense, excellent in antifouling performance, meanwhile, the working procedures can be saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Specifically, in step S001, the drying temperature of the green layer is 80-85 ℃, and the drying temperature does not cause rapid loss of moisture on the surface of the green layer when the green brick is dried, and the difference between the humidity of the surface of the green layer and the internal humidity is not too large, so that severe cracking and deformation of the green layer can be prevented.
Specifically, in step S003, the pattern layer includes an inkjet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top. The protective glaze layer can be applied to the ink-jet pattern layer in a roller printing or screen printing mode, ink discharge can be prevented by the protective glaze layer, and defects of the velvet glaze layer can be reduced when velvet glaze is sprayed on the pattern layer. In addition, the protective glaze layer can also keep the pattern layer clear.
Specifically, in the step S004, the velvet glaze has a specific gravity of 1.8-1.9 g/cm 3 The flow rate is 32-41 s, the glazing quantity is 535-545g/m 2 . When the specific gravity and the flow rate of the velvet glaze are in the above ranges, the obtained velvet glaze layer has a smooth surface and fine touch after firing.
Specifically, in step S004, the kiln firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, the firing period is 35-45 min, and the kiln firing period is not too long, so that the production of crystals with sufficient and respectively uniform quantity in velvet glaze layers can be ensured, meanwhile, the transition growth of the crystals can be avoided, and the surface of velvet tiles is not roughened.
Specifically, in the step S001, the thickness of the green layer is 10.4-10.5 mm, so that the brick body has low water absorption and good thermal stability.
To further illustrate the velvet glaze, velvet tile and methods of making the same provided by the present invention, the following examples and comparative examples are provided.
Example 1
The embodiment provides velvet glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of albite, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 3 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 parts of air knife soil, 2 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 2 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5 parts of strontium carbonate, 6 parts of dolomite, 3 parts of calcined talcum and 8 parts of matte frit.
The matte frit comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of quartz, 1 part of calcined alumina, 23.5 parts of potassium feldspar, 0 part of albite, 0 part of potassium nitrate, 0 part of sodium carbonate, 5 parts of strontium carbonate, 3 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 6.4 parts of barium carbonate.
The embodiment also provides a velvet tile, which comprises a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by velvet glaze Shi Lin provided by the embodiment.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the velvet tile, which is used for preparing the velvet tile in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank by a press to form a green body layer, and sending the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature of the green body layer is 80 ℃, and the thickness of the green body layer is 10.4mm;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer, wherein the pattern layer comprises an ink-jet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain velvet tiles;
wherein the specific gravity of velvet glaze is 1.8g/cm 3 The flow rate was 32s, the glazing amount was 535g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The firing temperature in the kiln is 1150-1250 ℃ and the firing period is 35min.
Example 2
The embodiment provides velvet glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of albite, 28 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 8 parts of air knife soil, 6 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 6 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 9 parts of strontium carbonate, 10 parts of dolomite, 8 parts of calcined talcum and 12 parts of matte frit.
The matte frit comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of quartz, 5 parts of calcined alumina, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 35 parts of albite, 6.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 10 parts of sodium carbonate, 7 parts of strontium carbonate, 6 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 6.4 parts of barium carbonate.
The embodiment also provides a velvet tile, which comprises a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by velvet glaze Shi Lin provided by the embodiment.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the velvet tile, which is used for preparing the velvet tile in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank by a press to form a green body layer, and sending the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature of the green body layer is 85 ℃, and the thickness of the green body layer is 10.5mm;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer, wherein the pattern layer comprises an ink-jet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain velvet tiles;
wherein the specific gravity of velvet glaze is 1.9g/cm 3 The flow rate was 41s, the glazing amount was 545g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The firing temperature in the kiln is 1150-1250 ℃ and the firing period is 45min.
Example 3
The embodiment provides velvet glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of albite, 24 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of air knife soil, 4 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 4 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 6 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of dolomite, 6.5 parts of calcined talcum and 10 parts of matte frit.
The matte frit comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of quartz, 3 parts of calcined alumina, 24 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of albite, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 5 parts of sodium carbonate, 6 parts of strontium carbonate, 4.5 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 6.4 parts of barium carbonate.
The embodiment also provides a velvet tile, which comprises a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by velvet glaze Shi Lin provided by the embodiment.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the velvet tile, which is used for preparing the velvet tile in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank by a press to form a green body layer, and sending the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature of the green body layer is 82 ℃, and the thickness of the green body layer is 10.4mm;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer, wherein the pattern layer comprises an ink-jet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain velvet tiles;
wherein the specific gravity of velvet glaze is 1.8g/cm 3 The flow rate is 36s, the glazing quantity is 540g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The firing temperature in the kiln is 1150-1250 ℃ and the firing period is 40min.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides velvet glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of albite, 24 parts of potassium feldspar, 5 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of air knife soil, 4 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 4 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 6 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of dolomite and 6.5 parts of calcined talcum.
The comparative example also provides a velvet tile comprising a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by velvet glaze Shi Lin provided by the embodiment.
The comparative example also provides a method for preparing velvet tiles, which is used for preparing velvet tiles in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank by a press to form a green body layer, and sending the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature of the green body layer is 82 ℃, and the thickness of the green body layer is 10.4mm;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer, wherein the pattern layer comprises an ink-jet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain velvet tiles;
wherein the specific gravity of velvet glaze is 1.8g/cm 3 The flow rate is 36s, the glazing quantity is 540g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The firing temperature in the kiln is 1150-1250 ℃ and the firing period is 40min.
The performance test items of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 are as follows:
fineness: touching by hand, whether the hand feeling of the glaze is round and smooth.
Antifouling properties: according to GB/T3810.14-2006 section 14 of method for testing ceramic tiles: the specific operation of the measurement of the stain resistance is as follows: after the blue ink, the black ink, the red ink, the blue marker, the black marker and the red marker were left on the brick surface for 60 minutes, the samples were gently wiped with water and a rag, and the antifouling property of each sample was measured.
Wear resistance: each sample was tested against the abrasion effect after 750 rpm, 1500 rpm, 2100 rpm abrasion according to GB/T3810.7-2016 Standard for ceramic tiles test method-determination of abrasion resistance.
Mohs hardness requirement: and is more than or equal to 5.
The test results are shown in the following table:
it will be understood that equivalents and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the present invention and their spirit, and all such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The velvet glaze is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of albite, 20-28 parts of potassium feldspar, 3-8 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-8 parts of air knife clay, 2-6 parts of magnesium aluminate spinel, 4 parts of wollastonite, 2-6 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 5-9 parts of strontium carbonate, 6-10 parts of dolomite, 3-8 parts of calcined talcum and 8-12 parts of matte frit.
2. The velvet glaze according to claim 1, wherein the matte frit has a chemical composition, in mass percent, of: siO (SiO) 2 ：50％～60％、Al 2 O 3 ：12％～16％、CaO：3.0％～7.0％、MgO：0.0％～7.0％、K 2 O：4.0％～10.0％、Na 2 O：0.0％～10.0％、ZnO：3.0％～6.0％、SrO：3.0％～4.0％、BaO：5％。
3. The velvet glaze according to claim 2, wherein the matte frit comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of quartz, 1-5 parts of calcined alumina, 23.5-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 0-35 parts of albite, 0-6.5 parts of potassium nitrate, 0-10 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-7 parts of strontium carbonate, 3-6 parts of calcined zinc oxide and 6.4 parts of barium carbonate.
4. The velvet tile is characterized by comprising a green body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern layer and a velvet glaze layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the velvet glaze layer is formed by velvet glaze Shi Lin according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A method for preparing a velvet tile, characterized in that the velvet tile of claim 4 is prepared, and comprises the following steps:
s001, pressing the blank to form a green body layer through a press, and conveying the green body layer into a drying kiln for drying;
s002, spraying overglaze on the surface of the dried green body layer to form an overglaze layer;
s003, decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern layer;
s004, spraying the velvet glaze on the pattern layer, firing in a kiln, and performing edging and polishing procedures to obtain the velvet tile.
6. The method of producing velvet tiles of claim 5, wherein the green layer is dried at a temperature of 80-85 ℃ in step S001.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S003, the pattern layer comprises an inkjet pattern layer and a protective glaze layer from bottom to top.
8. The method for producing velvet tiles according to claim 1, wherein in step S004, a specific gravity of velvet glaze is 1.8 to 1.9g/cm 3 The flow rate is 32-41 s, the glazing quantity is 535-545g/m 2 。
9. The method for producing velvet tiles according to claim 1, wherein in step S004, the kiln firing temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the firing period is 35-45 min.
10. The method for producing velvet tiles according to claim 1, wherein in step s001, the thickness of the green layer is 10.4 to 10.5mm.
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