CN113979789A - Preparation process of golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate and ceramic rock plate - Google Patents
Preparation process of golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate and ceramic rock plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113979789A CN113979789A CN202111435725.XA CN202111435725A CN113979789A CN 113979789 A CN113979789 A CN 113979789A CN 202111435725 A CN202111435725 A CN 202111435725A CN 113979789 A CN113979789 A CN 113979789A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/001—Applying decorations on shaped articles, e.g. by painting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
- B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a golden silk floss texture ceramic rock plate and the ceramic rock plate, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: forming a blank body, applying a ground coat, carrying out ink-jet printing, applying a gold velvet base coat, firing, edging, detecting and warehousing. The golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate is prepared by the preparation process of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate. The ceramic rock plate prepared by the ceramic rock plate preparation process has the advantages of better brick surface glossiness and flatness, better fineness, better hand feeling and more controllable cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ceramic production technology, in particular to a preparation process of a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate and the ceramic rock plate.
Background
With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the building ground decoration industry is more and more emphasized, and occupies a main part in home decoration. As a novel decorative material, the ceramic rock plate is widely applied to the field of home decoration and can be used for background walls, cabinets, wardrobes, tea sets, bathroom cabinets, wash platforms, doors, kitchen and cooking bench panels and the like. Currently, with the increasingly wide application market of ceramic rock plate products, there are increasingly demanding requirements on ceramic decoration technology. The ceramic decoration is enriched by means of fusion of other materials, so that the ceramic decoration effect is richer and more diversified, and the wind vane is one of important wind vanes for modern ceramic glaze decoration; for example, when the ceramic rock plate is applied to decorations such as a wardrobe, a tea set, a bathroom cabinet, a washbasin and the like, since a consumer can often observe and touch the ceramic rock plate in a short distance, the flatness, the fineness and the glossiness of the brick surface of the ceramic rock plate can be better controlled to meet the requirement of fine texture, and the development of the ceramic rock plate with more excellent performance is a common goal pursued by the whole industry.
At present, the production process flow of the traditional ceramics comprises blank making, ground glaze applying, ink-jet printing, protective glaze spraying, sintering, edge grinding, detection and warehousing. The glazing process mainly comprises the modes of glaze spraying, glaze printing, glaze pouring and the like. The existing glaze spraying mode is to spray glaze slurry into mist by a spray gun through high pressure and apply the mist to the surface of a blank body, but the phenomena of uneven glazing, unevenness and glaze shortage are easy to occur, and the existing glaze spraying mode is a common glaze applying mode. The existing glaze pouring mode is that glaze slip is pumped into a high-level tank, and the glaze slip is covered on the surface of a blank body like a waterfall through a smooth semi-arc glaze pouring device under the control action of a pipeline and a valve; however, the glaze applying amount of the method is that the semi-arc waterfall glaze leaks off in a curved surface, so that the problems of insufficient and uniform glaze applying distribution, glaze breaking, forking, poor glaze leakage consistency and the like are easily caused, and the smoothness, the glossiness and the fineness of the glaze surface are insufficient; the ceramic rock plate has high flatness, glossiness and fineness control difficulty due to large specification, and is used for producing ceramics with general specification (less than 1 m)2) The adopted semi-arc glaze spraying equipment cannot meet the production requirement of the ceramic rock plate, and the equipment cost for additionally researching and developing the adaptive ceramic rock plate production is high. Although the prior art has a ceramic production technology for controlling glazing by adopting a digital printer, the purchase cost of the digital printer is extremely high. Therefore, the above technical problems still remain a technical difficulty to be overcome in producing ceramic rock plates on the premise of the existing production equipment.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a ceramic rock plate preparation process and a product thereof, wherein the ceramic rock plate has better brick surface gloss and flatness, better fineness, better hand feeling and more controllable cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation process of a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate. The ceramic rock plate prepared by the ceramic rock plate preparation process has the advantages of better brick surface glossiness and flatness, better fineness, better hand feeling and more controllable cost.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate prepared by the preparation process of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate of the first purpose of the invention. The ceramic rock plate has excellent brick surface glossiness and flatness, good fineness and good hand feeling.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a preparation process of a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate comprises the following steps:
(1) shaping of blank
Pressing and molding the ceramic rock plate powder into a ceramic rock plate blank; conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying; spraying water after the green body passes through a drying kiln, and keeping the surface humidity;
(2) applying base coat
Spraying the ground coat on the surface of the blank to form a ground coat layer; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.85-1.92, the flow rate is 32-36s, and the glazing amount is 85-95 g;
(3) ink-jet printing
Performing ink-jet printing treatment on the ground glaze layer according to the designed pattern;
(4) gold velvet base glaze
Adjusting the ratio of adding 100g of roller printing oil to 100g of the golden velvet base glaze to slurry glaze with the specific gravity of 1.1-1.3, uniformly stirring, and applying a first golden velvet glaze in a roller printing mode; adding an additive into the prepared gold velvet base glaze to adjust the specific gravity of the slurry glaze to 1.88-1.95, applying 85-90g of glaze, and applying a second gold velvet glaze by adopting a linear glaze spraying pipe at the flow rate of 30-33 s;
the chemical composition of the gold-velvet-based glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 50-55％、Al2O3 15-17％、K2O 3-4％、Na23-4% of O, 4-8% of CaO, 3-7% of MgO, 3-5% of SrO and 4-6% of ZnO, wherein the loss on ignition of the gold-wool-based glaze is 1-10%;
(5) sintering, edging, detecting and warehousing
And (4) feeding the glazed green body into a kiln, sintering at high temperature, taking out of the kiln, cooling, edging, detecting and warehousing to obtain a ceramic finished product.
Further, the blank body is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 16-18 parts of potassium-sodalite, 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-14 parts of ultra-white stone particles, 1-3 parts of strong plastic sand, 20-24 parts of fine sand, 15-18 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-4 parts of high-alumina powder, 3-5 parts of high clay, 6-8 parts of Fubai sand, 11-13 parts of high-white calcined kaolin, 4-5 parts of blank black material, 0.5-0.8 part of water glass, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.1-0.2 part of dispergator.
Further, the ground glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 32-38 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-22 parts of albite, 6-9 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of calcined soil, 10-14 parts of calcined alumina and 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
Further, the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 55-60％、CaO 0.2-0.4％、Al2O3 30-35％、Na2O 2-5％、K2O2-5%, MgO 0.1-0.5%, ZnO 2-3%, and the loss on ignition of the ground coat is 0.01-5%.
Further, the gold-velvet based glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of wollastonite, 5-10 parts of strontium carbonate, 10-18 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-20 parts of nepheline, 5-12 parts of calcined kaolin, 1-10 parts of quartz, 1-5 parts of white corundum and 3-8 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
Further, the gold-velvet based glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of wollastonite, 7 parts of strontium carbonate, 13 parts of calcined talc, 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of nepheline, 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of quartz, 3 parts of white corundum and 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
Further, the preparation process of the gold-velvet-based glaze comprises the following steps: the golden velvet base glaze according to the formula amount; adding carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium tripolyphosphate additive; the method comprises the following steps: water: carboxymethyl cellulose: the sodium tripolyphosphate (100: 36) (0.1-0.2) (0.3-0.35) is mixed and ball milled for 8-9h, so that the ball-out glaze slurry has the properties of 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.4-0.6%, the specific gravity is 1.88-1.95, and the ball-out flow rate is 60-80 s.
Further, a drying step is required both before and after the base coat is applied in step (2); before the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the water-sprayed green body at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min; after the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the surface of the base coat layer at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min;
before the gold-wool-based glaze is applied in the step (4), the surface of the pattern layer subjected to ink-jet printing needs to be dried, and the surface temperature of a product discharged from a kiln is controlled to be below 80 ℃.
Furthermore, the firing temperature of the step (5) is 1160-1180 ℃ and the time is 70-90 min.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate is prepared by the preparation process of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the technical problem that the flatness, the glossiness and the fineness of the ceramic rock plate are difficult to control due to large specification caused by branching in the glaze spraying process, and is characterized in that the key points of the invention are that the factors of the application of two golden silk glazes, the control of the proportion of the golden velvet base glaze, the design of a smooth linear glaze application pipe and the like are controlled to act together;
the process designs two courses of spun gold glaze material to be applied, and the first course of spun gold base glaze has two aspects, namely, on one hand, the protection effect on ink-jet patterns is achieved, and on the other hand, the combination degree and the adaptation degree of the second course of spun gold base glaze are improved, so that the effect of starting and stopping is achieved. In addition, the first golden velvet base glaze is required to be very thin, the glaze printing mode is smoother and thinner, and the production cannot be realized by glaze pouring. The specific gravity of the printing glaze is not easy to be too high, the viscosity is not easy to be too high, otherwise, the printing glaze is easy to stick to a roller, and the production cannot be realized. The second golden velvet base glaze has the functions of increasing the thickness of a glaze layer on one hand, and improving the flatness, glossiness and fineness of a glaze surface and reducing water ripples on the other hand by adjusting the high-temperature viscosity, high-temperature fluidity and specific gravity of the formula of the second golden velvet base glaze. The embodiment 1 of the invention is the best embodiment, and the manufactured golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate has excellent flatness, glossiness and fineness.
Compared with the existing semi-arc glazing equipment, the invention adopts the smooth linear glazing pipe to be directly installed on the original glazing equipment, so that the glaze on the same glazing surface is more uniformly distributed without forking, and the smoothness, glossiness and fineness of the glazing surface are improved; and the linear glazing pipe replaces a semi-arc-shaped glazing device, only the part of the glazing device is improved, and the equipment modification cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a ceramic rock plate prepared by example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the brick surface effect of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate of example 1 of the present invention in the lighting test.
Fig. 3 shows the tile surface effect of the conventional soft light tile on the market under the lighting test.
FIG. 4 shows the tile surface effect of the existing bright tile in the market under the lighting test.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
In the present invention, all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise specified, and the equipment and materials used are commercially available or commonly used in the art. The methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
A preparation process of a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate comprises the following steps:
(1) shaping of blank
Pressing and molding the ceramic rock plate powder into a ceramic rock plate blank; conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying; spraying water after the green body passes through a drying kiln, and keeping the surface humidity;
in this step, the preferred scheme of the blank formulation is as follows: the blank body is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 16-18 parts of potassium-sodalite, 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-14 parts of ultra-white stone particles, 1-3 parts of strong plastic sand, 20-24 parts of fine sand, 15-18 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-4 parts of high-alumina powder, 3-5 parts of high clay, 6-8 parts of Fubai sand, 11-13 parts of high-white calcined kaolin, 4-5 parts of blank black material, 0.5-0.8 part of water glass, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.1-0.2 part of dispergator.
As the optimal scheme, the blank body is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of potassium-sodalite, 4 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of ultra-white stone particles, 2 parts of strong plastic sand, 22 parts of selected sand, 16 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 parts of high-alumina powder, 4 parts of high clay, 7 parts of Fubai sand, 12 parts of high-white calcined kaolin, 4.5 parts of blank black material, 0.6 part of water glass, 0.2 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.1 part of dispergator.
(2) Applying base coat
Before the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the water-sprayed green body at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min; spraying the ground coat on the surface of the blank to form a ground coat layer; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.85-1.92, the flow rate is 32-36s, and the glazing amount is 85-95 g; after the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the surface of the base coat layer at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min;
and (3) before the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the water-sprayed green body to prevent the green body from generating cracking due to excessive moisture on the surface of the green body. And (3) after the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the surface of the base coat layer, and drying to prevent mutual repulsion of water and oil, namely mutual repulsion between the water-based base coat and the oil-based ink to be jetted.
In addition, the ground glaze is a high-viscosity high-potassium formula, the silicon content and the burnt soil mainly adjust the high-temperature viscosity (the silicon content is more than 50 percent), and the high-temperature viscosity can press bubbles and reduce miliaria; the potassium content affects the firing range, the range of firing is wider, the expansion coefficient is improved, and the color development is adjusted.
In the step, the preferable scheme of the ground coat formula is as follows: the ground glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 32-38 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-22 parts of albite, 6-9 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of calcined soil, 10-14 parts of calcined alumina and 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide. The ground glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 55-60％、CaO 0.2-0.4％、Al2O330-35％、Na2O 2-5％、K2O2-5%, MgO 0.1-0.5%, ZnO 2-3%, and the loss on ignition of the ground coat is 0.01-5%.
As the optimal scheme, the ground coat is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 21 parts of albite, 8 parts of quartz, 22 parts of calcined soil, 12 parts of calcined alumina and 2 parts of calcined zinc oxideAnd (4) portions are obtained. The ground coat comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 58.64％、CaO 0.36％、Al2O3 31.76％、Na2O 3.15％、K23.36 percent of O, 0.2 percent of MgO and 2.0 percent of ZnO, and the loss on ignition of the ground coat is 0.53 percent.
(3) Ink-jet printing
Performing ink-jet printing treatment on the ground glaze layer according to the designed pattern;
(4) gold velvet base glaze
Before the gold-wool-based glaze is applied in the step (4), the surface of the pattern layer subjected to ink-jet printing needs to be dried, and the surface temperature of the product discharged from the kiln is controlled below 80 ℃ so as to further play a role in shaping and protecting the ink-jet pattern. Then, the ratio of adding 100g of roller printing oil to each 100g of the golden velvet base glaze is adjusted to slurry glaze with the specific gravity of 1.1-1.3, the mixture is stirred uniformly, and a first golden velvet glaze is applied by adopting a roller printing mode; adding an additive into the prepared gold velvet base glaze to adjust the specific gravity of the slurry glaze to 1.88-1.95, applying 85-90g of glaze, and applying a second gold velvet glaze by adopting a linear glaze spraying pipe at the flow rate of 30-33 s;
in the step, the preferred scheme of the formula of the gold velvet base glaze is as follows: the gold velvet based glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of wollastonite, 5-10 parts of strontium carbonate, 10-18 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-20 parts of nepheline, 5-12 parts of calcined kaolin, 1-10 parts of quartz, 1-5 parts of white corundum and 3-8 parts of calcined zinc oxide. The chemical composition of the gold-velvet-based glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 50-55％、Al2O3 15-17％、K2O 3-4％、Na23-4% of O, 4-8% of CaO, 3-7% of MgO, 3-5% of SrO and 4-6% of ZnO, wherein the loss on ignition of the gold-wool-based glaze is 1-10%.
As the optimal scheme, the gold-velvet based glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of wollastonite, 7 parts of strontium carbonate, 13 parts of calcined talc, 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of nepheline, 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of quartz, 3 parts of white corundum and 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide. The chemical composition of the gold-velvet-based glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 53.3％、Al2O3 16.37％、K2O 3.9％、Na23.15% of O, 4.95% of CaO, 4.29% of MgO, 4.9% of SrO and 5% of ZnO, wherein the loss on ignition of the gold-velvet-based glaze is 3.14%.
The high-temperature viscosity of the gold velvet based glaze is low, the high-temperature fluidity is good, the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze is improved by improving the silicon content in the formula, the high-temperature viscosity is reduced by adjusting the content of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium, the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze is improved, and the brick shape meets the requirements by adjusting the content of potassium, sodium, the expansion coefficient of the glaze and the expansion coefficient of the glaze.
The preparation process of the gold velvet based glaze comprises the following steps: the golden velvet base glaze according to the formula amount; adding carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium tripolyphosphate additive; the method comprises the following steps: water: carboxymethyl cellulose: the sodium tripolyphosphate (100: 36) (0.1-0.2) (0.3-0.35) is mixed and ball milled for 8-9h, so that the ball-out glaze slurry has the properties of 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.4-0.6%, the specific gravity is 1.88-1.95, and the ball-out flow rate is 60-80 s.
The invention improves the physical fluidity of the gold velvet base glaze by adding the sodium tripolyphosphate additive, improves the physical viscosity of the gold velvet base glaze by adding the carboxymethyl cellulose, keeps certain viscosity and high fluidity, is favorable for solving the problem of branching in the glaze pouring process, and keeps the consistency of glaze discharging of the poured glaze.
(5) Sintering, edging, detecting and warehousing
And (4) feeding the glazed green body into a kiln, sintering at high temperature, taking out of the kiln, cooling, edging, detecting and warehousing to obtain a ceramic finished product. Wherein the firing temperature in the step (5) is 1160-1180 ℃, and the time is 70-90 min.
The invention also provides a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate which is prepared by the preparation process of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate.
Example 1
A preparation process of a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate comprises the following steps:
(1) shaping of blank
Pressing and molding the ceramic rock plate powder into a ceramic rock plate blank; conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying; spraying water after the green body passes through a drying kiln, and keeping the surface humidity;
the formula of the blank body is the most preferable formula, and the blank body is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of potassium-sodalite, 4 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of ultra-white stone particles, 2 parts of strong plastic sand, 22 parts of selected sand, 16 parts of calcined kaolin, 3 parts of high-alumina powder, 4 parts of high clay, 7 parts of Fubai sand, 12 parts of high-white calcined kaolin, 4.5 parts of blank black material, 0.6 part of water glass, 0.2 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.1 part of dispergator.
(2) Applying base coat
Before the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the water-sprayed green body at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min; spraying the ground coat on the surface of the blank to form a ground coat layer; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.85-1.92, the flow rate is 32-36s, and the glazing amount is 85-95 g; after the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the surface of the base coat layer at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min;
the ground coat of the embodiment adopts an optimal formula and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 21 parts of albite, 8 parts of quartz, 22 parts of calcined soil, 12 parts of calcined alumina and 2 parts of calcined zinc oxide. The ground coat comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 58.64％、CaO 0.36％、Al2O3 31.76％、Na2O 3.15％、K23.36 percent of O, 0.2 percent of MgO and 2.0 percent of ZnO, and the loss on ignition of the ground coat is 0.53 percent.
(3) Ink-jet printing
Performing ink-jet printing treatment on the ground glaze layer according to the designed pattern;
(4) gold velvet base glaze
Before the gold-wool-based glaze is applied in the step (4), the surface of the pattern layer subjected to ink-jet printing needs to be dried, and the surface temperature of a product discharged from a kiln is controlled to be below 80 ℃. Then, the ratio of adding 100g of roller printing oil to 100g of the golden velvet base glaze is adjusted to be slurry glaze with the specific gravity of 1.2, the mixture is stirred uniformly, and a first golden velvet glaze is applied by adopting a roller printing mode; adding water into the prepared gold velvet base glaze to adjust the specific gravity of the slurry glaze to 1.9, applying 88g of glaze, and applying a second gold velvet glaze by adopting a linear glaze spraying pipe, wherein the flow rate is 32 s;
the golden velvet-based glaze in the embodiment is an optimal formula and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of wollastonite, 7 parts of strontium carbonate, 13 parts of calcined talc, 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of nepheline, 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of quartz, 3 parts of white corundum and 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
The chemical composition of the gold-velvet-based glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 53.3％、Al2O3 16.37％、K2O 3.9％、Na23.15% of O, 4.95% of CaO, 4.29% of MgO, 4.9% of SrO and 5% of ZnO, wherein the loss on ignition of the gold-velvet-based glaze is 3.14%.
The preparation process of the gold velvet based glaze comprises the following steps: the golden velvet base glaze according to the formula amount; adding carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium tripolyphosphate additive; the method comprises the following steps: water: carboxymethyl cellulose: the sodium tripolyphosphate with the weight ratio of 100:36:0.15:0.3 is mixed and ball-milled for 8-9h, so that the ball-out glaze slurry has the properties of 0.4-0.6 percent of the residue of a 325-mesh sieve, the specific gravity of 1.9 and the ball-out flow rate of 60-80 s.
(5) Sintering, edging, detecting and warehousing
And (4) feeding the glazed green body into a kiln, sintering at high temperature, taking out of the kiln, cooling, edging, detecting and warehousing to obtain a ceramic finished product. Wherein the firing temperature in the step (5) is 1160-1180 ℃, and the time is 70-90 min.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1-3 (COMPARATIVE TECHNOLOGY)
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the comparative example 1 is that the method of applying the spun gold base glaze in the step (4) adopts the existing glaze spraying method, and the spun gold base glaze is sprayed on the surface of the pattern layer to form a single spun gold glaze layer; the proportion of the golden velvet glaze is adjusted to 1.9 by adding water, the flow rate is 32, and the glazing amount is 88 g.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, the difference of the comparative example 2 is that the second golden velvet glaze is sprayed by using a semi-arc-shaped glaze sprayer in the prior art.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 1, comparative example 3 is different in that the first golden velvet glaze of example 1 is changed into a conventional fancy glaze (conventional protective glaze) to prevent oil and water from repelling each other, and a stamp-pad ink additive is directly used.
Examples 2-4 and comparative example 4 (comparison of formulation of gold-wool-based glaze)
In comparison with the example 1, the method of the present invention,the green bodies used in examples 2 to 4 and comparative example 4 had the same formulation, and the ground coat had the same formulation phase The same technological parameters are the same, and the difference is that the formula of the gold-velvet-based glaze is different, which is specifically shown in table 1.
Table 1: EXAMPLES 1-4 AND COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4 ingredient Table of gold velvet effect glaze
The chemical component composition of the raw material of the golden velvet effect glaze is detailed in table 2:
table 2: chemical composition table of gold velvet effect glaze in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 4
Effect evaluation and Performance detection
1. Ceramic rock plate performance testing
Grading standard: the score is 10 full points, and the higher the score is, the more ideal the effect is.
The color development takes the color development condition of the pattern as the judgment standard, the color deviation is not caused as the best effect,
the brick type reaches the standard of enterprises to be the best,
the surface fineness is based on the touch of hands, and the surface fineness is optimal in softness, thinness and smoothness; the gloss is best for matte finish,
the antifouling performance is judged by taking the wiping result of the ink pen as a criterion, and the cleaner the wiping is, the higher the score is.
Table 3: ceramic rock plate performance test tables of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 4
The invention solves the technical problem that the flatness, the glossiness and the fineness of the ceramic rock plate are difficult to control due to large specification caused by branching in the glaze spraying process, and is characterized in that the key points of the invention are that the factors of the application of two golden silk glazes, the control of the proportion of the golden velvet base glaze, the design of a smooth linear glaze application pipe and the like are controlled to act together;
the process designs two courses of spun gold glaze material to be applied, and the first course of spun gold base glaze has two aspects, namely, on one hand, the protection effect on ink-jet patterns is achieved, and on the other hand, the combination degree and the adaptation degree of the second course of spun gold base glaze are improved, so that the effect of starting and stopping is achieved. The second golden velvet base glaze has the functions of increasing the thickness of a glaze layer on one hand, and improving the flatness, glossiness and fineness of a glaze surface and reducing water ripples on the other hand by adjusting the high-temperature viscosity, high-temperature fluidity and specific gravity of the formula of the second golden velvet base glaze. Example 1 of the present invention is the best example, and the manufactured golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate has excellent flatness, glossiness and fineness, as shown in fig. 1.
From comparative example 1, it can be seen that the ground coat and the spun gold base coat are sprayed by the existing spraying method, and the flatness, gloss and fineness of the brick surface still cannot achieve the optimal effect.
Compared with the existing semi-arc glazing equipment, the invention adopts the smooth linear glazing pipe to be directly installed on the original glazing equipment, so that the glaze on the same glazing surface is distributed more uniformly without splitting, and the flatness, the glossiness and the fineness of the glazing surface are improved; and the linear glazing pipe replaces a semi-arc-shaped glazing device, only the part of the glazing device is improved, and the equipment modification cost is low.
As can be seen from the comparative example 3, the first golden velvet glaze is changed into the conventional fancy glaze (conventional protective glaze), so that mutual repulsion of oil and water is prevented, and glaze shrinkage and stripping are easily caused by directly using the stamp-pad ink additive.
From examples 2-4 and comparative example 4, it can be seen that strontium in the formula of the gold-wool-based glaze is finer and smoother than barium, the exhaust effect is better, and the bubbles on the bottom layer are less; calcium is easy to crystallize, color development is influenced, and patterns are easy to be bluish and yellowish; magnesium is easy to redden and frosted, the glaze layer is not good in transparency, and the optimal matching proportion is found by adjusting the proportion of strontium, calcium and magnesium, so that the requirements of color development and glaze effect are met simultaneously. The nepheline has the main functions of adjusting and controlling the expansion coefficient of the blank glaze and adjusting the brick shape, and the effect is better than that of albite. So that the best comprehensive effect of the embodiment 1 is obtained. And comparative example 4 is that the velvet effect glaze in the outstanding embodiment uses strontium carbonate and nepheline instead of wollastonite and albite. In comparative example 4, wollastonite and albite, which are selected, have no good surface fineness and rougher glaze surface effect and brick shape and are arched, are mainly composed of 48.25% of CaO and SiO2Since the initial melting temperature of 51.75% was higher than that of strontium carbonate and the high-temperature fluidity was not as good as that of strontium carbonate, the effect of comparative example 4 was not as good as that of example 1.
2. Light test
The effect of the brick surface of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate of the embodiment 1 of the invention, soft light bricks and bright face bricks which are common in the market in the same indoor environment is observed through a lighting test.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the test results show that the brick surface flatness, gloss and smoothness of the golden silk texture ceramic rock plate of the present invention are superior to those of the existing soft light brick and bright face brick.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) shaping of blank
Pressing and molding the ceramic rock plate powder into a ceramic rock plate blank; conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying; spraying water after the green body passes through a drying kiln, and keeping the surface humidity;
(2) applying base coat
Spraying the ground coat on the surface of the blank to form a ground coat layer; the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.85-1.92, the flow rate is 32-36s, and the glazing amount is 85-95 g;
(3) ink-jet printing
Performing ink-jet printing treatment on the ground glaze layer according to the designed pattern;
(4) gold velvet base glaze
Adjusting the ratio of adding 100g of roller printing oil to 100g of the golden velvet base glaze to slurry glaze with the specific gravity of 1.1-1.3, uniformly stirring, and applying a first golden velvet glaze in a roller printing mode; adding an additive into the prepared gold velvet base glaze to adjust the specific gravity of the slurry glaze to 1.88-1.95, applying 85-90g of glaze, and applying a second gold velvet glaze by adopting a linear glaze spraying pipe at the flow rate of 30-33 s;
the chemical composition of the gold-velvet-based glaze comprises the following components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 50-55％、Al2O315-17％、K2O 3-4％、Na23-4% of O, 4-8% of CaO, 3-7% of MgO, 3-5% of SrO and 4-6% of ZnO, wherein the loss on ignition of the gold-wool-based glaze is 1-10%;
(5) sintering, edging, detecting and warehousing
And (4) feeding the glazed green body into a kiln, sintering at high temperature, taking out of the kiln, cooling, edging, detecting and warehousing to obtain a ceramic finished product.
2. The process for preparing a golden-silk-texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blank body is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 16-18 parts of potassium-sodalite, 3-5 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-14 parts of ultra-white stone particles, 1-3 parts of strong plastic sand, 20-24 parts of fine sand, 15-18 parts of calcined kaolin, 2-4 parts of high-alumina powder, 3-5 parts of high clay, 6-8 parts of Fubai sand, 11-13 parts of high-white calcined kaolin, 4-5 parts of blank black material, 0.5-0.8 part of water glass, 0.1-0.3 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.1-0.2 part of dispergator.
3. The process for preparing a golden-silk-texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground coat is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 32-38 parts of potassium feldspar, 18-22 parts of albite, 6-9 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of calcined soil, 10-14 parts of calcined alumina and 1-3 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
4. The process for preparing a golden-silk-texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ground glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22 55-60％、CaO 0.2-0.4％、Al2O3 30-35％、Na2O 2-5％、K2O2-5%, MgO 0.1-0.5%, ZnO 2-3%, and the loss on ignition of the ground coat is 0.01-5%.
5. The process for preparing a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the golden velvet base glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of wollastonite, 5-10 parts of strontium carbonate, 10-18 parts of calcined talc, 30-40 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-20 parts of nepheline, 5-12 parts of calcined kaolin, 1-10 parts of quartz, 1-5 parts of white corundum and 3-8 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
6. The process for preparing a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 5, wherein the golden velvet base glaze is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of wollastonite, 7 parts of strontium carbonate, 13 parts of calcined talc, 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of nepheline, 8 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of quartz, 3 parts of white corundum and 5 parts of calcined zinc oxide.
7. The process for preparing a golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process for preparing the golden velvet base glaze comprises the following steps: the golden velvet base glaze according to the formula amount; adding carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium tripolyphosphate additive; the method comprises the following steps: water: carboxymethyl cellulose: the sodium tripolyphosphate (100: 36) (0.1-0.2) (0.3-0.35) is mixed and ball milled for 8-9h, so that the ball-out glaze slurry has the properties of 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.4-0.6%, the specific gravity is 1.88-1.95, and the ball-out flow rate is 60-80 s.
8. The process for preparing a golden-silk-texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein a drying step is required both before and after the priming in step (2); before the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the water-sprayed green body at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min; after the base coat is applied in the step (2), drying the surface of the base coat layer at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ for 2-5 min;
before the gold-wool-based glaze is applied in the step (4), the surface of the pattern layer subjected to ink-jet printing needs to be dried, and the surface temperature of a product discharged from a kiln is controlled to be below 80 ℃.
9. The process for preparing a golden velour-like ceramic rock plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the firing temperature in the step (5) is 1160-1180 ℃ for 70-90 min.
10. A golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate, which is prepared by the preparation process of the golden velvet texture ceramic rock plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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