CN117800916A - 1-[(1h-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物的制备及其应用 - Google Patents
1-[(1h-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物的制备及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117800916A CN117800916A CN202311788884.7A CN202311788884A CN117800916A CN 117800916 A CN117800916 A CN 117800916A CN 202311788884 A CN202311788884 A CN 202311788884A CN 117800916 A CN117800916 A CN 117800916A
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- indazol
- thiourea
- preparation
- influenza virus
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- 125000000430 tryptophan group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(C(=O)O*)C([H])([H])C1=C([H])N([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12 0.000 description 1
- 125000001493 tyrosinyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])(N([H])[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002987 valine group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])(C(*)=O)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明的公开了1‑[(1H‑吲唑‑7‑基)甲基]‑3‑芳基硫脲衍生物的制备及其应用,属于医药技术领域。具体为结构式如式I所示的1‑[(1H‑吲唑‑7‑基)甲基]‑3‑芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R如说明书中所述。1‑[(1H‑吲唑‑7‑基)甲基]‑3‑芳基硫脲衍生物以及所述化合物在药学上可接受的盐能够与现有药物合并或单独使用作为流感病毒抑制剂,对各种流感具有较好的疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物的制备方法及其在制备抗流感病毒药物中应用。
背景技术
流行性感冒(简称流感),是由流感病毒感染而引起的一种高传染性急性呼吸道疾病,患者通常会出现头痛、乏力、高热、咳嗽和全身酸痛等症状,严重者可引起心脏、肾脏等器官的衰竭。流感病毒能随着患者的飞沫扩散到空气中,感染周围的健康人群,也有可能通过接触传播,具有极强的传播能力,秋冬季节多为流感的高发期,存在大规模流行的可能性。流感病毒高致病性和高死亡率的特点,给全世界的公共卫生和经济发展带来强烈的冲击。据美国疾病控制与预防中心报道,2009年爆发的H1N1流感在流行的当年在全世界范围就造成了至少15万人死亡,最终造成全球10%-20%的人口被感染,并且直到今天还会引起季节性的流行(Song J Y,Choi M J,Noh J Y,et al.Randomized,double-blind,multi-center,phase III clinical trial to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety ofMG1109(egg-based pre-pandemic influenza A/H5N1 vaccine)in healthyadults.Human Vaccines&Immunotherapeutics,2017,13(5):1190-1197.Vibound C,Simonsen L.Global mortality of 2009pandemic influenza AH1N1.The LancetInfectious Diseases,2012,12(9):651-653.)。除了大规模的流感传播,局部的流感爆发仍显现出极大的危害,1997年发现第一例H5N1流感病毒感染人类的病例,截止2016年10月,全球共感染人数为856人,死亡率达到惊人的53%。2013年3月,我国报道了第一例H7N9流感病毒感染人类案例,到2017年9月,共造成了1533例感染,其中死亡病例达到607例(Virlogeux V,Feng L,Tsang T,et al.Evaluation of animal-to-human and human-to-human transmission of influenza A(H7N9)virus in China,2013-15.ScientificReports,2018,8(1):552-558.)。这些事例充分说明了流感对社会的危害极为严重。因此提高对流感预防与治疗的手段,增加应对的措施,是医药学领域中广受关注的话题,也是人类应对流感病毒威胁的迫切需求。
目前,常用的上市抗流感药物主要有M2蛋白抑制剂和神经氨酸酶抑制剂,但这些药物的耐药性病毒株逐渐被报道(Poland G,Jacobson R,Ovsyannikova I.Influenzavirus resistance to antiviral agents:a plea for rational use.ClinicalInfectious Diseases an Official Publication of the Infectious DiseasesSociety of America,2009,48(9):1254-1256.)。因此,研制新型抗流感病毒药物迫在眉睫。
RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶是一个非常有前景的治疗流感的靶标。2008年,Nature杂志分别报道了H5N1流感病毒和H1N1流感病毒的RNA聚合酶PAC-PB1N复合物,RCSB晶体数据库中的编号分别为3CM8和2ZNL(He X,Zhou J,Bartlam M,et al.Crystal structure of thepolymerase PAC–PB1N complex from an avian influenza H5N1 virus.Nature,2008,454(7208):1123-1126.Obayashi E,Yoshida H,Kawai F,et al.The structural basis foran essential subunit interaction in influenza virus RNApolymerase.Nature,2008,454(7208):1127-1131.)。尽管这两个复合物来自不同的流感病毒亚型,但通过对比之后发现它们的氨基酸序列高度相似,在PAC与PB1N结合位点处,氨基酸序列和空间结构相似度更是达到了100%,这也证明了RNA聚合酶在不同的流感病毒中高度保守。
因此,靶向流感病毒RNA聚合酶的抑制剂在抗流感病毒方具有显著优势。含有1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物作为流感病毒抑制剂的发现对流感病毒抑制剂分子库的扩充和新型流感病毒抑制剂的研究具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题是,提供一种含有1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物及其制备应用,具体为如式Ⅰ所示的含有1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物以及该化合物的立体异构体及其药学上可接受的盐,并提供了其在制备治疗与流感相关的疾病的药物中的应用。
结构式如式I所示的含有1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,R独立地选自氢、C1-C3烷基、卤素、C1-C3烷氧基、卤素取代的C1-C3烷基、卤素取代的C1-C3烷氧基、氰基,所述卤素包括氟、氯、溴和碘。
进一步地,R独立地选自氢、甲基、氯、2,3-二氯、3,4-二甲氧基、碘、三氟甲氧基、三氟甲基、氟、溴、氰基。
更进一步地,所述1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物为如下化合物或该化合物在药学上可接受的盐中的任一个:
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-苯基硫脲(XJ01);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(对甲苯基)硫脲(XJ02);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(3-氯苯基)硫脲(XJ03);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氯苯基)硫脲(XJ04);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(2,3-二氯苯基)硫脲(XJ05);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)硫脲(XJ06);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-碘苯基)硫脲(XJ07);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-三氟甲氧基苯基)硫脲(XJ08);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-三氟甲基苯基)硫脲(XJ09);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氟苯基)硫脲(XJ10);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-溴苯基)硫脲(XJ11);
1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氰基苯基)硫脲(XJ12)。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,包含如式Ⅰ所示的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物和药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
该药物组合物用于制备治疗流感病毒疾病的药物。例如采用盐水的水溶液作为载体,pH值为7.4,则该药物组合物以溶液形式通过局部推注而被引入到患者的血流中。
本发明的化合物可以单独给予或依据常规的制药习惯与药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂等辅剂联合,以药物组合物的形式给予。给药途径包括经口服给予或经非胃肠道包括静脉内、肌肉内、腹膜内、皮下、直肠和局部途径给予。
对于口服给药途径,除片剂或胶囊的形式,还可以采用水溶液或混悬液的形式给予。通过口服给药时,活性药物成分与可口服,无毒,药学上可接受的惰性载体组合形成药物组合物,对片剂或胶囊形式的口服给药来说,载体包括乳糖、淀粉、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甲基纤维素、硬脂酸镁、磷酸二钙、硫酸钙、甘露醇、山梨醇;对液体形式的口服给药来说,载体包括乙醇、甘油、水及其组合。
本发明的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物还可与已知的可用于治疗或预防流感的药剂组合使用。优选的组合包括本发明化合物和M2离子通道蛋白抑制剂、本发明化合物和神经氨酸酶抑制剂。
当本发明的化合物被给予人类受试中,日剂量将通常由处方医师确定,剂量一般根据患者个体的年龄、体重和反应以及患者症状的严重程度而变化。在一个示例性应用中,将适宜量的化合物给予接受治疗的哺乳动物。当用于所指示的作用时,本发明的口服剂量将为约0.01mg每kg体重每天(mg/kg/天)到约100mg/kg/天,优选0.01mg/kg/天到10mg/kg/天,最优选0.1mg/kg/天到5.0mg/kg/天。对口服给药来说,组合物优选以片剂的形式被提供,其中片剂包含0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0,2.5,5.0,10.0,15.0,25.0,50.0,100和500mg的活性成分,优选1mg到100mg活性成分。对于静脉注射,在恒速输注期间,最优选的剂量为0.1mg/kg/min到10mg/kg/min。本发明的化合物或包含该化合物的药物组合物可以以每日一次的剂量给予,或者是可以将每日总剂量分为每日两次、三次或四次的剂量给予。对于经皮给药系统的形式进行的给药来说,剂量给药在整个给药方案中当然将是连续的而不是间断的。
使用本发明化合物的剂量方案将根据多种因素进行选择,包括患者的类型、种属、年龄、体重、性别和医学状况、受治状况的严重程度、给药途径、患者的肾和肝功能,以及所用的特定化合物或其盐。普通技术医师,兽医或临床医师可容易地确定和开具需要预防、抗击或阻止状况发展的有效药量。
在本发明的方法中,在此详细描述的化合物能形成活性成分,并根据给药形式即口服片剂、胶囊、酏剂、糖浆剂等而与适当选择的适宜的药学稀释剂、赋形剂或载体(在此统称为“载体”物质))混合,并符合常规的药学习惯。
本发明化合物的药学上可接受的盐类指保留了式I化合物的生物效力和性质,并与合适的非毒性有机酸或无机酸或有机碱或无机碱形成的常规酸加成盐或碱加成盐。酸加成盐包括盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、高氯酸盐、硫氰酸盐、硫酸氢盐、过硫酸盐、硼酸盐、甲酸盐、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、戊酸盐、新戊酸盐、己酸盐、庚酸盐、辛酸盐、异辛酸盐、十一烷酸盐、月桂酸盐、棕榈酸盐、硬脂酸盐、油酸盐、环丙酸盐、草酸盐、丙二酸盐、琥珀酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、己二酸盐、壬二酸盐、丙烯酸盐、草莓盐、巴豆酸盐、惕格酸盐、衣康酸盐、山梨酸盐、肉桂酸盐、乙醇酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、亚酒石酸盐、扁桃酸盐、二苯乙醇酸盐、托品酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡萄糖二酸盐、甘露糖酸盐、乳糖酸盐、苯甲酸盐、酞酸盐、对酞酸盐、糠酸盐、烟酸盐、异烟酸盐、水杨酸盐、乙酰水杨酸盐、酪酸盐、没食子酸盐、咖啡酸盐、阿魏酸盐、苦味酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、丙磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、对氨基苯磺酸盐、氨基磺酸盐、牛磺酸盐、2-羟基乙磺酸盐、甘氨酸盐、丙氨酸盐、缬氨酸盐、亮氨酸盐、异亮氨酸盐、苯丙氨酸盐、色氨酸盐、酪氨酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、天冬酰胺盐、谷氨酸盐、赖氨酸盐、谷氨酰胺盐、甲硫氨酸盐、丝氨酸盐、苏氨酸盐、半胱氨酸盐、脯氨酸盐、组氨酸盐、精氨酸盐、依地酸盐、丙酮酸盐、α-酮戊二酸盐、藻酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、3-苯基丙酸盐、3-环己基丙酸、2-萘甲酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、果胶脂酸盐等。碱加成盐包括铵盐,碱金属盐,例如钠和钾盐,碱土金属盐,例如钙和镁盐,有机碱的盐,例如二环己胺盐,N-甲基-D-葡糖胺盐等,而且,碱性含氮基团可以用这样的试剂季铵化,例如低级烷基卤化物,如甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基的氯、溴和碘化物;硫酸二烷基酯,如硫酸二甲酯、二乙酯、二丁酯和二戊酯;长链卤化物,如癸基、月桂基、肉豆蔻基和硬脂酰基的氯、溴和碘化物;芳烷基卤化物,如苄基和苯乙基的溴化物等。
本发明还提供通式I所示1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供的化合物用于抑制流感病毒,是一类作用于RNA聚合酶的新型流感病毒抑制剂。与现已上市的作用于其他靶点的抗流感病毒药物相比,作用在RNA聚合酶的流感病毒抑制剂具有稳定性。这类流感病毒抑制剂化合物对流感具有广泛的治疗作用。且所述化合物制备方法简单,收率稳定,制备的化合物能较好地治疗流感相关的疾病。
附图说明
图1化合物XJ06在不同浓度下对B型流感病毒株的存活率的影响。
具体实施方式
以下述实施例详细叙述本发明技术方案。但是,应当明白,本发明不限于具体叙述的下述实例。
实施例1:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-苯基硫脲的制备(XJ01)
步骤A:3-甲基-2-硝基苯甲酸甲酯的制备
在250mL的茄形瓶中加入4.34g(24.00mmol)3-甲基-2-硝基苯甲酸和200mL甲醇,在室温下缓慢搅拌,直至固体全部溶解。向其中加入浓硫酸1.2mL(40.00mmol),68℃下回流48h,TLC监测至原料反应完全,蒸出大部分溶剂,加入约100mL水,搅拌,用饱和碳酸钠水溶液调节溶液pH值至8,析出白色固体,抽滤,用水洗涤滤饼,干燥,得白色固体4.00g,收率85.4%;m.p.:221.1-222.5℃;ESI-MS m/z:196.0([M+H]+)。
步骤B:3-甲基-2-氨基苯甲酸甲酯的制备
将4.00g(20.50mmol)3-甲基-2-硝基苯甲酸甲酯和100mL乙醇加到250mL的茄形瓶中,搅拌直至固体溶解,加入铁粉5.74g(102.50mmol),氯化铵4.50g(84.00mmol),搅拌5min,再加入5mL水,将反应液于75℃下回流5h,TLC监测至反应完全,趁热抽滤,旋蒸蒸出溶剂,得到暗黑红色固体3.00g,收率88.6%;m.p.:71.1-72.5℃;ESI-MS m/z:166.0([M+H]+)。
步骤C:1H-吲唑-7-羧酸甲酯的制备
将5.50g(33.30mmol)3-甲基-2-氨基苯甲酸甲酯,50mL甲苯加到250mL的茄形瓶中,搅拌至固体溶解,再加入5.00g(51.00mmol)乙酸钾,乙酸酐10.42g(102.00mmol),于80℃下回流搅拌0.5h,缓慢滴加亚硝酸异戊酯7.70g(65.44mmol),滴加完毕继续反应24h,TLC监测反应完全。抽滤除去乙酸钾,旋蒸蒸除甲苯,得到黄色黏状半固体后用石油醚打浆,抽滤,干燥,得到黄色固体4.80g,总产率81.8%;m.p.:83.1-82.6℃;ESI-MS m/z:177.0([M+H]+)。
步骤D:1H-吲唑-7-甲醇的制备
冰浴下,将20mL重蒸四氢呋喃加入到100mL茄形瓶中,加入0.86g(22.70mmol)四氢铝锂,制成悬浮液。将2.00g(11.35mmol)1H-吲唑-7-羧酸甲酯溶于30mL重蒸四氢呋喃,得到的溶液在冰浴下滴至四氢铝锂悬浮液中。滴毕,室温反应2h,TLC监测原料反应完全。向反应液中依次加入水1mL,2mol/L氢氧化钠1mL,水3mL淬灭反应,加入无水硫酸钠干燥,搅拌10min。抽滤,5mL四氢呋喃洗涤滤饼3次,旋蒸蒸出溶剂,得到浅黄色固体1.00g,收率60.0%;m.p.:71.1-72.5℃;ESI-MS m/z:132.1([M-OH]+)。
步骤E:1H-吲唑-7-甲醛的制备
将1H-吲唑-7-甲醇1.30g(8.78mmol),二氯甲烷/N,N-二甲基酰胺(1:150mL)加入到100mL茄形瓶中,加入新制的二氧化锰7.60g(87.80mmol)。室温反应6h,TCL监测原料反应完全。加硅藻土垫进行抽滤,滤饼用10mL二氯甲烷洗涤3次,收集滤液,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸出大部分溶剂,加入50mL水,乙酸乙酯萃取,用饱和食盐水洗三遍,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸出溶剂,得到黄色固体0.70g。收率70.3%;m.p.:98.1-99.5℃;ESI-MS m/z:147.0([M+H]+)。
步骤F:1H-吲唑-7-甲醛肟的制备
将盐酸羟胺0.62g(8.90mmol),碳酸氢钠0.87g(10.34mmol),水10mL加入到50mL茄形瓶中,搅拌20min至无气泡冒出,将0.66g(4.50mmol)1H-吲唑-7-甲醛的20mL乙醇溶液。室温反应,TLC监测原料反应完全(4h)。减压蒸出乙醇后,得到的固体用水洗涤一遍,抽滤得浅黄色固体0.50g,收率68.5%;m.p.:99.1-100.2℃;ESI-MS m/z:162.2([M+H]+)。步骤G:1H-吲唑-7-甲胺的制备
将1H-吲唑-7-甲醛肟0.55g(3.41mmol),重蒸四氢呋喃30mL加入50mL茄形瓶中,冰浴下,缓慢加入四氢铝锂0.26g(6.85mmol),升温至55℃反应,TLC监测原料反应完全(2h)。淬灭反应,抽滤,滤饼用四氢呋喃洗涤3次,收集滤液,减压蒸出溶剂,得到浅黄色固体0.30g,收率85.7%;m.p.:102.1-103.5℃;ESI-MS m/z:148.1([M+H]+)。
步骤H:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-苯基硫脲的制备(XJ01)
将异硫氰酸苯酯0.49g(3.60mmol)和0.53g(3.60mmol)1H-吲唑-7-甲胺加入50mL茄形瓶,加入30mL无水THF溶解,溶解后加入0.5mL(3.60mmol)TEA,室温反应,TLC监测原料反应完全(3h)。蒸出溶剂得到黄色固体,用20mL甲醇重结晶,最终得到白色固体0.21g,收率85.5%。m.p.:164.0-164.5℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.15(s,1H),9.72(s,1H),8.21(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.68-7.66(m,1H),7.44-7.42(m,2H),7.44-7.42(m,2H),7.36-7.34(m,2H),7.19-7.03(m,2H),5.03(d,J=5.5Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:283.1([M+H]+)。
实施例2:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(对甲苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ02)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.23g,收率86.7%。m.p.:210.1-211.4℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.13(s,1H),9.62(s,1H),8.16-8.02(m,2H),7.68-7.66(m,1H),7.27-7.25(m,3H),7.16=7.14(m,2H),7.12-7.07(m,1H),5.02(d,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.28(s,3H);ESI-MS m/z:297.1([M+H]+)。
实施例3:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(3-氯苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ03)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.22g,收率88.2%。m.p.:171.5-172.5℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.17(s,1H),9.84(s,1H),8.38(s,1H),8.12(s,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.69-7.67(m,1H),7.35-7.34(m,2H),7.28(m,1H),7.17-7.16(m,1H),7.14-7.07(m,1H),5.03(d,J=5.2Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:317.1([M+H]+)。
实施例4:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氯苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ04)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.19g,收率84.7%。m.p.:193.5-194.2℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.16(s,1H),9.78(s,1H),8.29(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.69-7.67(M,1H),7.51-7.49(m,2H),7.43-7.34(m,2H),7.28-7.26(m,1H),7.15-7.05(m,1H),5.03(d,J=5.2Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:317.1([M+H]+)。
实施例5:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(2,3-二氯苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ05)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.19g,收率86.4%。m.p.:196.0-196.5℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.11(s,1H),9.55(s,J=5.7Hz,1H),8.48(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.69-7.67(m,1H),7.53-7.52(m,1H),7.38-7.36(m,1H),7.29-7.27(m,1H),7.17-7.03(m,1H),5.01(d,J=5.7Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:351.0([M+H]+)。
实施例6:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ06)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.20g,收率86.6%。m.p.:164.0-164.5℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.11(s,1H),9.58(s,J=5.7Hz,1H),8.10(s,1H),8.00(s,1H),7.67-7.65(m,1H),7.28-7.26(m,1H),7.15-7.04(m,1H),7.01-6.87(m,2H),6.82-6.81(m,1H),5.01(d,J=5.7Hz,2H),3.74(s,3H),3.69(s,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δC:181.30,149.13,146.99,138.88,134.36,131.90,124.76,123.41,121.86,120.72,119.60,117.18,112.40,109.90,56.16,55.84,44.59;ESI-MS m/z:343.1([M+H]+)。
实施例7:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-碘苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ07)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.21g,收率85.7%。m.p.:195.5-196.2℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.16(s,1H),9.77(s,J=5.0Hz,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.69-7.65(m,3H),7.32-7.30(m,2H),7.27-7.25(m,1H),7.10-7.08(m,1H),5.02(d,J=5.0Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:408.0([M+H]+)。
实施例8:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-三氟甲氧基苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ08)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.25g,收率85.5%。m.p.:194.5-195.0℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.06(s,1H),8.79-8.78(m,1H),8.57-8.55(m,1H),8.12(s,1H),8.02-8.01(m,1H),7.69-7.67(m,1H),7.58-7.54(m,1H),7.47-7.44(m,1H),7.25-7.24(m,1H),7.15-7.04(m,1H),6.88-6.84(m,1H),4.73(d,J=5.7Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:367.0([M+H]+)。
实施例9:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-三氟甲基苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ9)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.11g,收率86.6%。m.p.:204.5-205.0℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.21(s,1H),10.06(s,1H),8.51(s,1H),8.13(s,1H),7.79-7.77(m,2H),7.69-7.67(m,3H),7.31-7.29(m,1H),7.14-7.10(m,1H),5.06(d,J=4.9Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:351.0([M+H]+)。
实施例10:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氟苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ10)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.23g,收率87.7%。m.p.:200.5-201.0℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.16(s,1H),9.70(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.68-7.66(m,1H),7.45-7.41(m,2H),7.28-7.25(m,1H),7.20-7.16(m,2H),7.13-7.06(m,1H),5.03(d,J=5.2Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:301.1([M+H]+)。
实施例11:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-溴苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ11)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.26g,收率86.7%。m.p.:201.5-202.2℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.15(s,1H),9.68(s,1H),8.18(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.68-7.66(m,1H),7.28-7.27(m,1H),7.22-7.20(m,3H),7.12-7.10(m,1H),6.97-6.95(m,1H),5.03(d,J=5.2Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:361.0([M+H]+)。
实施例12:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氰基苯基)硫脲的制备(XJ12)
参考实施例1的制备方法,得到白色固体0.19g,收率86.9%。m.p.:199.1-196.2℃;1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6);δ13.21(s,1H),10.14(s,1H),8.59(s,1H),8.13(s,1H),7.82-7.75(m,4H),7.71-7.69(m,1H),7.30-7.28(m,1H),7.13-7.09(m,1H),5.05(d,J=4.3Hz,2H);ESI-MS m/z:308.1([M+H]+)。
实施例13:目标化合物的毒性
采用基于Madin-Daby犬肾细胞(Madin-Darby canine kidney cells,MDCK)的MTT法,对目标化合物进行细胞毒性测试,在细胞水平考察目标化合物的细胞毒性。
向MDCK细胞培养基中加入不同浓度的目标化合物后,通过酶联免疫分析仪读取吸光度OD值,计算MDCK细胞的存活率(MDCK细胞存活率=实验组的吸光度值/空白对照组的吸光度值),结果如表1所示。MDCK细胞存活率越低,表明目标化合物对MDCK细胞生长的抑制性越强,化合物的细胞毒性则越大。
表1目标化合物对MDCK细胞的抑制作用
实验数据表明,在4个浓度梯度下,目标化合物XJ05、XJ07、XJ12对MDCK细胞的抑制率较强。其中目标化合物XJ12对细胞的毒性较强,在浓度100μmol·L-1、50μmol·L-1、25μmol·L-1、12.5μmol·L-1下,其抑制率分别为37.83%、42.63%、45.90%、47.77%。
实施例14:目标化合物对病变细胞的保护作用
采用MTT法考察目标化合物对被流感病毒感染的病变细胞的保护作用,向被感染的细胞培养基中加入不同浓度的目标化合物后,通过酶联免疫分析仪读取吸光度OD值,计算病变细胞的存活率(病变细胞存活率=实验组的吸光度值/无病毒对照组的吸光度值),结果表2所示。病变细胞存活率越高,表示目标化合物对病变细胞的保护能力越强,抑制流感病毒的活性越强。
表2目标化合物对病变细胞的保护能力
由以上数据可以看出,XJ06、XJ08、XJ09、XJ10、XJ11、XJ12对病变细胞均具有一定保护能力。其中XJ06活性最优,在浓度12.5μmol·L-1、25μmol·L-1、50μmol·L-1、100μmol·L-1下,病变细胞的存活率分别为59.77%、57.57%、68.87%、71.20%。XJ09在浓度12.5μmol·L-1、25μmol·L-1、50μmol·L-1、100μmol·L-1下,病变细胞的存活率分别为42.40%、44.27%、46.67%、48.23%。XJ10在浓度12.5μmol·L-1、25μmol·L-1、50μmol·L-1、100μmol·L-1下,病变细胞的存活率分别为38.07%、39.57%、40.60%、43.77%。
根据目标化合物的毒性数据和对病变细胞的保护作用数据结果,对目标化合物的毒性和对病变细胞的保护能力进行初步总结:
(1)对比化合物XJ01与其余化合物,末端芳环上有取代基时的化合物对病变细胞的保护能力明显优于没有取代基时。同时,当末端苯环处引入卤素原子如氯、碘均产生细胞毒性,然而引入氟、溴原子时并未出现明显的细胞毒性,同时对病变细胞的保护能力也优于取代基为氯和碘时。
(2)末端苯环上取代为3,4-二甲氧基、4-三氟甲氧基、4-三氟甲基、4-氟、4-氰基时活性较好。取代基为3,4-二甲氧基取代时即化合物XJ06表现出对病变细胞具有较强的保护能力,并未显示明显的细胞毒性;取代基为4-三氟甲基时即化合物XJ09对病变细胞的保护能力也较强并未显示出细胞毒性。当取代基为氰基时化合物XJ12,对病变细胞的保护能力较好,但细胞毒性也随之增加。
实施例15:目标化合物的流感病毒抑制活性
为了进一步考察以上药理实验中活性最优的化合物XJ06的抗流感病毒活性,采用标准蚀斑法测试目标化合物XJ06在不同浓度下对5种流感病毒株存活率的影响,结果如表3所示。
表3化合物XJ06在不同浓度下对5种流感病毒株存活率的影响
测试结果显示,随着目标化合物XJ06浓度增加,不同亚型及来源的流感病毒株(A/WSN/1933(H1N1),A/PR/8/34(H1N1),A/HK/68(H3N2),A/PDM/09(H1N1),B/Florida存活率均明显降低。在98nmol·L-1浓度下,不同A型流感病毒株的存活率分别为35.122%、15.162%、15.162%、7.469%,而在6.25μmol·L-1浓度时,B型流感病毒株的存活率几乎为0。与此同时,以化合物XJ06在不同浓度下对B型流感病毒株的存活率的影响,绘制成柱状图(图1)。可以清晰的看出,化合物XJ06对B型流感病毒株表现出较强的抑制活性,在3.125μmol·L-1浓度时,流感病毒株几乎全部死亡。我们计算出五组数据的EC50值,范围均在1-1.5μmol之内。
实施例16:目标化合物对PA-PB1结合的阻止作用
以共同免疫沉殿法测试目标化合物是否能阻止PA-PB1结合,如是,代表其有较大可能抑制流感病毒RNA聚合酶的正确组合,并从而影响病毒基因物质的复制及转录。
具体测试方法为将处于对数生长期的HEK293T细胞种于35mm培养皿内,置于37℃、5%CO2下培养24h。用Polyethyleneimine(PEI)方法把pcDNA3-PA及pcDNA3-PB1质粒分别转录到细胞当中。细胞置于37℃、5% CO2下培养24h后除去培养基,以裂解液(50mM TrispH7.8,150mM NaCl,10%glycerol,1% Triton X-100,2mM DTT,1mM EDTA)裂解。离心后取上清液混和,加入小鼠抗PA抗体(anti-PA)及待测化合物(阴性对照组以DMSO取代),4℃放置3h,并于2-3h加入Protein-A agarose(Sigma)。冲洗Protein-A后以凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)及蛋白质印迹法(Western Blot)显示PA及PB1印迹并以Image-J软件量化。以XJ06为例,在10μmol·L-1化合物XJ06影响下,结果如表4所示,结果表明PA-PB1结合大概为阴性组的50%-60%。
表4免疫共沉淀法PB1的百分含量测定
实施例17:化合物抑制流感病毒核糖核蛋白复合物(RNP)活性
具体测试方法为将处于对数生长期的HEK293T细胞种于35mm培养皿内,置于37℃、5%CO2下培养24h。用Polyethyleneimine(PEI)方法把以下质粒转录到细胞当中:pcDNA3-PA,pcDNA3-PB1,pcDNA3-PB2,pcDNA3-NP,pEGFP及pPol-Luci-RT。细胞置于37℃、5% CO2下培养24h后重新种于96孔培养板内,待测样品以DMEM/10% FBS作梯度稀释,以100μL加到细胞上,置于37℃、5% CO2下培养48h。阳性对照及阴性对照分别以nucleozin及等量DMSO配置。48h后除去培养基,加入100μL裂解液(同实施例16),置室温15min,在酶标仪上读取488nm波长荧光,然后加入萤火虫荧光素酶底物(Promega),读取化学发光读数。化学发光读数依488nm波长荧光读数归一处理,计算出相对发光值。再以目标化合物的相对发光值除以阴性对照的相对发光值,计算出样品对RNP活性的抑制百分比。对RNP活性抑制高,说明化合物与RNP发生了相互作用并从而抑制流感病毒活性。对每一种被测试化合物,本实验均用其最高的非细胞毒性浓度进行测试。以化合物XJ06为例,其在不同浓度对H1N1 RNP的抑制如下表5所示。可以计算得出IC50值约在0.8μmol·L-1,而且观察到在浓度50μmol·L-1下化合物XJ06对RNP有较强抑制作用,并且未显示有毒性。
表5化合物XJ06对RNP的抑制作用
实施例18:目标化合物的小鼠毒性及抗流感病毒活性
(1)小鼠毒性测试
本发明采用6-8周雌性BALB/C小鼠为模型。将目标化合物样品以生理盐水配置成所需浓度。一组小鼠每天喂食目标化合物样品,另一组小鼠每天喂食生理盐水,共喂食14天。目标化合物样品按溶解度取最高浓度及3个2-倍梯度稀释。每只小鼠每天测量体重。第四天每组半数小鼠解剖检视肝脏切片。以XJ06为例,其在200,400,600mg/kg/天均对小鼠体重没有明显影响,说明其对小鼠急性毒性较低,见表6。
表6以不同剂量的化合物XJ06治疗小鼠后的平均体重
(2)小鼠药效测试方法
采用6-8周雌性BALB/C小鼠为模型。将目标化合物样品以生理盐水按上述毒性实验配置成最高无毒浓度。小鼠经鼻内感染小鼠-A/PR/8(H1N1)病毒,病毒以生理盐水稀释,病毒量以2×(半数致死量),即2LD50为标准。一组12只小鼠每天喂食目标化合物样品,另一组12只小鼠每天喂食生理盐水,共喂食14天。另一组模拟感染,一组阳性对照(喂食65/mg/kg/天奥司他韦(Oseltamivir))各12只。每只小鼠每天测量体重。第四天每组3只小鼠称重后解剖取左肺,称重。按公式计算肺指数Lung index=(肺重/体重)×100。右肺加生理盐水研磨,12000rpm,4℃离心5min,保留上清液。用空斑法测定肺病毒量(Lung titre),单位:个。以化合物XJ06为例作实验表明,该化合物能改善肺指数及降低肺病毒量(表7)。
表7化合物XJ06治疗后小鼠的平均肺指数和肺病毒量
在下述制剂中,“活性组分”是指式I所示化合物,或其盐或溶剂化物。
实施例19:明胶胶囊
实施例20:片剂
实施例21:片剂
将活性组分、淀粉和纤维素通过45目U.S.筛并充分混合,将所得粉末与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合,然后通过14目U.S.筛,将这样得到的颗粒在50-60℃干燥,并通过18目U.S.筛。将羧甲基纤维素钠、硬脂酸镁和滑石,先通过60目U.S.筛,然后加入至上述颗粒中,混合后,在压片机上压制成片剂。
实施例22:悬浮剂
将药物通过45目U.S.筛,并与羧甲基纤维素钠及糖浆混合,以形成均匀糊状物,将苯甲酸溶液、矫味剂和着色剂用一些水稀释,并边搅拌边加入,然后加入足够量水,以达到所需的体积。
实施例23:气溶胶
将活性成分与乙醇混合,并将所得混合物加入至抛射剂22中,冷却至30℃,并转移至容器中。然后将所需量加入至不锈钢容器中,并用剩余喷射剂稀释,然后安装阀门装置。
实施例24:栓剂
将活性组分通过60目U.S.筛,并将其悬浮于预先熔化的饱和脂肪酸甘油酯类化合物中,然后将混合物倾入至标准的2g腔栓剂模中并冷却。
实施例25:可注射制剂
将以上溶液静脉内注射给药至患者,速度约1mL/min。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.结构式如式Ⅰ所示的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,R独立地选自氢、C1-C3烷基、卤素、C1-C3烷氧基、卤素取代的C1-C3烷基、卤素取代的C1-C3烷氧基、氰基,所述卤素选自氟、氯、溴和碘。
2.根据权利要求1所述的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,式I中R独立地选自氢、甲基、氯、2,3-二氯、3,4-二甲氧基、碘、三氟甲氧基、三氟甲基、氟、溴、氰基。
3.根据权利要求2所述的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述的化合物选自以下化合物或该化合物在药学上可接受的盐中的一种:
XJ01:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-苯基硫脲;
XJ02:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(对甲苯基)硫脲;
XJ03:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(3-氯苯基)硫脲;
XJ04:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氯苯基)硫脲;
XJ05:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(2,3-二氯苯基)硫脲;
XJ06:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)硫脲;
XJ07:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-碘苯基)硫脲;
XJ08:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-三氟甲氧基苯基)硫脲;
XJ09:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-三氟甲基苯基)硫脲;
XJ10:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氟苯基)硫脲;
XJ11:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-溴苯基)硫脲;
XJ12:1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-(4-氰基苯基)硫脲。
4.权利要求1所述的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
5.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,包括作为活性成分的权利要求1-3任一项所述的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐中任何一个的化合物和药物可接受的载体或稀释剂。
6.权利要求1-3任何一项所述的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备流感病毒治疗药物中的应用。
7.权利要求5所述的药物组合物在制备流感病毒治疗药物中的应用。
8.权利要求1-3任何一项所述的1-[(1H-吲唑-7-基)甲基]-3-芳基硫脲衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐以有效量的该化合物作用于流感病毒的RNA聚合酶,在制备抑制流感病毒复制的药物中的应用。
9.权利要求5所述的药物组合物以有效量的药物组合物作用于流感病毒的RNA聚合酶,在制备抑制流感病毒复制的药物中的应用。
10.根据权利要求6-9任何一项所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的流感病毒为A/WSN/1933,A/PR/8/34,A/HK/68,A/PDM/09,B/Florida。
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