CN117696070A - 基于复合稀土柠檬酸盐涂覆形成催化剂涂层的氧化型催化器 - Google Patents
基于复合稀土柠檬酸盐涂覆形成催化剂涂层的氧化型催化器 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- -1 rare earth citrate Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QXLZELWCFBZNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K][Zr][Ce] Chemical group [K][Zr][Ce] QXLZELWCFBZNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- DOARWPHSJVUWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[La] DOARWPHSJVUWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CAROYFSHUHTKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Mn].[La] Chemical compound [Cu].[Mn].[La] CAROYFSHUHTKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FQVNUZAZHHOJOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper lanthanum Chemical compound [Cu].[La] FQVNUZAZHHOJOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010021198 ichthyosis Diseases 0.000 description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004625 Ce—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce] RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011278 co-treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/889—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/8892—Manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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Abstract
本发明公开一种具有高效处理碳氢化合物HC和一氧化碳CO的基于复合稀土柠檬酸盐涂覆形成催化剂涂层的氧化型催化器,由DOC载体和涂覆于该DOC载体中的催化剂构成,催化剂由催化剂涂布液经涂覆烧结而成,催化剂涂布液包括固体物中间体和金属离子溶液,固体物中间体包括内层和外层,内层为铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐‑氧化铝复合物,外层为镧锰铜镍的复合柠檬酸盐,金属离子溶液含有镧锰铜镍的硝酸盐和柠檬酸,还包括该催化器的涂覆方法,该催化器不含贵金属,可替代现有使用的贵金属催化剂的氧化型催化器,降低用户使用成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及柴油机排气后处理系统中使用的氧化型催化器。
背景技术
市场上已有的柴油机排气后处理用的氧化型催化器DOC采用的催化剂是在氧化铝/氧化铈等助催化剂的涂层上涂布贵金属催化剂,贵金属涂布量一般需要10-40g/ft3,贵金属涂布量越大催化效果越好。但贵金属价格昂贵,用户难以承受。
CN101939097A涉及用于氮氧化物、一氧化碳、烃和硫反应的不含或基本不含铂族金属的催化剂体系,包括基材和修补基面涂层,修补基面涂层包含至少一种氧化物固体,所述氧化物固体包括一种或多种选自下组的材料:载体材料氧化物、催化剂和它们的混合物。
CN101767000A提供一种柴油车排气碳烟直接氧化催化剂及其制备方法。催化材料由氧化物担载体MO2和双金属氧化物活性组分AxByOz组成,构成结构为AxByOz/MO2。所述的A、B为La、Ce、Fe、K、Cu其中两种金属,MO2为TiO2、γ-Al2O3、CeO2、ZrO2等氧化物载体。其制备方法是将A、B的离子溶液与柠檬酸、尿素、PVP、草酸等络合剂形成络合溶液,再加入上述氧化物之一,同时机械搅拌,使之充分吸附,然后将溶液放入500-700℃的马弗炉中,溶液迅速发生反应分解,在氧化物表面原位合成活性组分。
CN102000565A公开一种消除柴油车碳烟用复合催化剂的制备方法,以Ce-Zr基稀土复合物为载体,担载La-Mn基钙钛矿为活性组分;载体含有二氧化铈和二氧化锆,并且添加氧化铝或者稀土氧化物作为晶型稳定剂,其制备工艺步骤包括:(1)分别溶解铈、锆和稳定剂的硝酸盐或碳酸盐,加入表面活性剂溶液,调节反应pH为7-11,然后得到沉淀液,焙烧处理制成Ce-Zr基稀土复合物载体;(2)分别溶解镧、锰和助剂的硝酸盐或柠檬酸盐,配制成溶胶浸渍液,将Ce-Zr基稀土复合物载体浸渍于溶胶中,经蒸发干燥后,焙烧,得到所述复合催化剂。
上述方案制得的是催化剂颗粒物,在涂布于DOC或DPF载体过程中,由于颗粒物需要借助粘结剂等助剂才能结合到DOC或DPF载体中,助剂的加入导致涂布液在配制和烧结过程与催化剂颗粒物发生化学反应,涂布后其催化性能大打折扣。
申请号为2020110169933,发明名称为一种柴油机排气后处理用的氧化型催化器及其制造方法的专利申请提出催化剂涂层以铈锆复合氧化物为内涂层,镧锰铜复合氧化物为外涂层,先制备铈锆复合氧化物粉末,铈锆复合氧化物粉末和氧化铝溶胶涂布内涂层,镧锰铜硝酸铜溶液涂布外涂层,经烧结成为DOC中的催化剂涂层,对颗粒物、HC、CO和NOx都有较好的处理效果,但进一步发现,涂层仍可改进以提高HC、CO的处理效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高效处理碳氢化合物HC和一氧化碳CO的基于复合稀土柠檬酸盐涂覆形成催化剂涂层的氧化型催化器。
本发明基于复合稀土柠檬酸盐涂覆形成催化剂涂层的氧化型催化器,用于柴油机排气后处理系统中主要处理碳氢和一氧化碳污染物,由DOC载体和涂覆于该DOC载体中的催化剂构成,其特征在于,所述催化剂由催化剂涂布液经涂覆烧结而成,催化剂涂布液包括固体物中间体和金属离子溶液,所述固体物中间体包括内层和外层,内层为铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物,其中的铈锆钾元素摩尔比为1﹕(0.2—0.5)﹕(0.2—0.5),铈元素与氧化铝的比例为1mol﹕(100—300)g,外层为镧锰铜镍的复合柠檬酸盐,其中的镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕(2—4)﹕(1—2)﹕(1—3),柠檬酸为镧锰铜镍离子摩尔量总和的(0.7—1.0)倍,内层和外层的比例按铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕(0.2—0.5),所述金属离子溶液含有镧锰铜镍的硝酸盐和柠檬酸,其中,镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕(2—4)﹕(1—2)﹕(1—3),柠檬酸为镧锰铜镍离子摩尔量总和的(0.7—1.0)倍,固体物中间体和金属离子溶液的比例按铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕(0.2—0.4),该催化器的涂覆方法包括以下步骤:
A、按所述固体物中间体内层铈锆钾元素比例将硝酸铈,硝酸锆,硝酸钾溶于水,配成混合溶液,加入所述比例的柠檬酸,溶解后加入所述比例的氧化铝粉末,(78—85)℃加热搅拌至成为粘稠流体,在(120—200)℃烘干(4—10)小时,冷却,得到铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物;
B、按所述固体物中间体外层镧锰铜镍元素比例将硝酸镧,硝酸锰,硝酸铜和硝酸镍溶于水,按所述比例加入柠檬酸,溶解后加入铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物,球磨(5—20)小时,(78—85)℃加热搅拌至成为粘稠流体,在(120—200)℃烘干(4—10)小时,冷却,粉碎,得到固体物中间体;
C、按所述金属离子溶液比例将硝酸镧,硝酸锰,硝酸铜和硝酸镍溶于水,加入所述比例的柠檬酸,溶解后加入固体物中间体,球磨(5—20)小时,配成固体物中间体含量(10—25)wt%的催化剂涂布液;
D、将催化剂涂布液涂覆于DOC载体中,经干燥后,(550—650)℃烧结;
E、重复步骤D直至DOC载体中催化剂涂覆量为(50—100)g/L。
本发明中,氧化铝可选择γ-Al2O3或拟薄水铝石。
优选的是,所述步骤A中,混合溶液中还加入柠檬酸重量的(5—20)%的聚乙二醇或者聚乙二醇聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物。
所述步骤A中,烘干温度优选为(140—160)℃。
所述步骤B中,还加入柠檬酸重量的(5—20)%的聚乙二醇或者聚乙二醇聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物。
本发明将金属硝酸盐与柠檬酸在溶液中加热反应分解去除NO2,成为金属复合柠檬酸盐,涂层采用柠檬酸盐和金属离子溶液混合进行涂覆,烧结后由于柠檬酸的分解形成细微孔隙,使催化剂具有较高比表面积,使用催化剂成分的金属离子溶液可起到与DOC载体的粘结剂作用,避免使用氧化铝溶胶等粘结剂导致氧化铝包覆催化剂等负面影响,使氧化型催化器可高效处理柴油机排气中的HC和CO,不含贵金属,可替代现有使用的贵金属催化剂的氧化型催化器,降低用户使用成本。
具体实施方式
以下实施例采用的DOC载体直径143.8mm,长度100mm,目数400目的圆柱形直流式堇青石载体,体积为1.62L。
实施例1
按铈锆钾元素摩尔比1︰0.3︰0.4的比例,取434克Ce(NO3)3·6H2O,128克Zr(NO3)4·5H2O和40克KNO3,溶于1.7L水配成溶液,加入322克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入150克拟薄水铝石粉,在80℃水浴中搅拌加热,蒸发浓缩成粘稠流体,150℃烘箱中干燥6小时,得到630克铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物。
按镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕3﹕1﹕2,铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕0.3的比例将130克La(NO3)3·6H2O,322克50wt%的Mn(NO3)2水溶液,72克Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和174克Ni(NO3)2·6H2O溶于2.0L水配成溶液,再加入353克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入经研磨粉碎的铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物,球磨10小时,在80℃水浴中搅拌加热,蒸发浓缩成粘稠流体,150℃烘箱中干燥6小时,冷却,得到1120克固体物中间体。
按镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕3﹕1﹕2,铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕0.2的比例将86克La(NO3)3·6H2O,215克50wt%的Mn(NO3)2水溶液,48克Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和116克Ni(NO3)2·6H2O溶于3.5L水配成溶液,再加入235克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入经研磨粉碎的固体物中间体,搅拌混合,混合液球磨10小时成为催化剂涂布液。
将催化剂涂布液涂覆于所述DOC载体中,经干燥后,放入窑炉中按100℃/小时的升温速度升温至600℃,保温2小时,冷却;重复涂覆烧结3次后DOC中催化剂涂覆量为69g/L。
实施例2
按铈锆钾元素摩尔比1︰0.4︰0.4的比例取434克Ce(NO3)3·6H2O,172克Zr(NO3)4·5H2O和40克KNO3,溶于1.8L水配成溶液,加入340克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入250克拟薄水铝石粉,在80℃水浴中搅拌加热,蒸发浓缩成粘稠流体,150℃烘箱中干燥6小时,得到750克铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物。
按镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕3﹕1.5﹕1.5,铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕0.4的比例将173克La(NO3)3·6H2O,429克50wt%的Mn(NO3)2水溶液,145克Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和174克Ni(NO3)2·6H2O溶于2.8L水配成溶液,再加入471克C6H8O7·H2O和40克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入经研磨粉碎的铈锆钾-氧化铝复合氧化物,球磨10小时,在80℃水浴中搅拌加热,蒸发浓缩成粘稠流体,150℃烘箱中干燥6小时,冷却,得到1395克固体物中间体。
按镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕3﹕1.5﹕1.5,铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕0.2的比例将86克La(NO3)3·6H2O,215克50wt%的Mn(NO3)2水溶液,72克Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和87克Ni(NO3)2·6H2O溶于4.6L水配成溶液,再加入235克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入经研磨粉碎的固体物中间体,搅拌混合,混合液球磨10小时成为催化剂涂布液。
将催化剂涂布液涂覆于所述DOC载体中,经干燥后,放入窑炉中按100℃/小时的升温速度升温至600℃,保温2小时,冷却;重复涂覆烧结3次后DOC中催化剂涂覆量为73g/L。
实施例3
按铈锆钾元素摩尔比1︰0.4︰0.2的比例取434克Ce(NO3)3·6H2O,172克Zr(NO3)4·5H2O和20克KNO3,溶于1.8L水配成溶液,加入303克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入250克拟薄水铝石粉,在80℃水浴中搅拌加热,蒸发浓缩成粘稠流体,150℃烘箱中干燥6小时,得到710克铈锆钾柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物。
按镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕2﹕1﹕2,铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕0.4的比例将173克La(NO3)3·6H2O,286克50wt%的Mn(NO3)2水溶液,97克Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和233克Ni(NO3)2·6H2O溶于2.4L水配成溶液,再加入403克C6H8O7·H2O和30克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入经研磨粉碎的铈锆钾柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物,球磨10小时,在80℃水浴中搅拌加热,蒸发浓缩成粘稠流体,150℃烘箱中干燥6小时,冷却,得到1280克固体物中间体。
按镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕2﹕1﹕2,铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕0.4的比例将173克La(NO3)3·6H2O,286克50wt%的Mn(NO3)2水溶液,97克Cu(NO3)2·3H2O和232克Ni(NO3)2·6H2O溶于3.6L水配成溶液,再加入403克C6H8O7·H2O和40克聚乙二醇,溶解后加入经研磨粉碎的固体物中间体,搅拌混合,混合液球磨10小时成为催化剂涂布液。
将催化剂涂布液涂覆于所述DOC载体中,经干燥后,放入窑炉中按100℃/小时的升温速度升温至600℃,保温2小时,冷却;重复涂覆烧结3次后DOC中催化剂涂覆量为70g/L。
性能测试
测试方法:实施例1—3的DOC分别封装,分别连接到测功机台架上的标定功率为55KW柴油发动机排气系统中,在1500r/min的固定转速下,通过调整输出功率得到不同的排气温度,在各温度下测量DOC前端和后端的碳氢化合物HC和一氧化碳CO的浓度,以处理效率%=(DOC后浓度-DOC前浓度)/DOC前浓度*100%,计算DOC对HC、CO的处理效率。
以申请号为2020110169933的专利申请说明书中实施例2的处理效果作为对比例。
在发动机各排气温度下DOC对HC处理效率如下:
在发动机各排气温度下DOC对CO处理效率如下:
可见,实施例1—3对HC、CO的处理效率明显得到提升。
Claims (5)
1.一种基于复合稀土柠檬酸盐涂覆形成催化剂涂层的氧化型催化器,用于柴油机排气后处理系统中主要处理碳氢和一氧化碳污染物,由DOC载体和涂覆于该DOC载体中的催化剂构成,其特征在于,所述催化剂由催化剂涂布液经涂覆烧结而成,催化剂涂布液包括固体物中间体和金属离子溶液,所述固体物中间体包括内层和外层,内层为铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物,其中的铈锆钾元素摩尔比为1﹕(0.2—0.5)﹕(0.2—0.5),铈元素与氧化铝的比例为1mol﹕(100—300)g,外层为镧锰铜镍的复合柠檬酸盐,其中的镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕(2—4)﹕(1—2)﹕(1—3),柠檬酸为镧锰铜镍离子摩尔量总和的(0.7—1.0)倍,内层和外层的比例按铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕(0.2—0.5),所述金属离子溶液含有镧锰铜镍的硝酸盐和柠檬酸,其中,镧锰铜镍元素摩尔比为1﹕(2—4)﹕(1—2)﹕(1—3),柠檬酸为镧锰铜镍离子摩尔量总和的(0.7—1.0)倍,固体物中间体和金属离子溶液的比例按铈和镧摩尔比为1﹕(0.2—0.4),该催化器的涂覆方法包括以下步骤:
A、按所述固体物中间体内层铈锆钾元素比例将硝酸铈,硝酸锆,硝酸钾溶于水,配成混合溶液,加入所述比例的柠檬酸,溶解后加入所述比例的氧化铝粉末,(78—85)℃加热搅拌至成为粘稠流体,在(120—200)℃烘干(4—10)小时,冷却,得到铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物;
B、按所述固体物中间体外层镧锰铜镍元素比例将硝酸镧,硝酸锰,硝酸铜和硝酸镍溶于水,按所述比例加入柠檬酸,溶解后加入铈锆钾复合柠檬酸盐-氧化铝复合物,球磨(5—20)小时,(78—85)℃加热搅拌至成为粘稠流体,在(120—200)℃烘干(4—10)小时,冷却,粉碎,得到固体物中间体;
C、按所述金属离子溶液比例将硝酸镧,硝酸锰,硝酸铜和硝酸镍溶于水,加入所述比例的柠檬酸,溶解后加入固体物中间体,球磨(5—20)小时,配成固体物中间体含量(10—25)wt%的催化剂涂布液;
D、将催化剂涂布液涂覆于DOC载体中,经干燥后,(550—650)℃烧结;
E、重复步骤D直至DOC载体中催化剂涂覆量为(50—100)g/L。
2.根据权利要求1所述催化器,其特征在于,所述氧化铝为γ-Al2O3或拟薄水铝石。
3.根据权利要求1所述催化器,其特征在于,所述步骤A中,混合溶液中还加入柠檬酸重量的(5—20)%的聚乙二醇或者聚乙二醇聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述催化器,其特征在于,所述步骤A中,烘干温度为(140—160)℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述催化器,其特征在于,所述步骤B中,还加入柠檬酸重量的(5—20)%的聚乙二醇或者聚乙二醇聚丙二醇嵌段共聚物。
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