CN117695880A - Mixing method for mixing suspended materials, stirring device and application - Google Patents
Mixing method for mixing suspended materials, stirring device and application Download PDFInfo
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a mixing method, a stirring device and application of a mixed suspension material, which are characterized in that a matrix material is uniformly mixed firstly, and then water with a certain proportion is added into the matrix material to change the density and viscosity of the material, so that the mixed liquid material is in a gelatinous state and a suspension state; and then, solid particles are put into the mixed liquid material, so that the solid particles are uniformly dispersed in the whole mixed suspended material and do not flow relatively and do not settle, stirring is not needed during the operation of sowing the mixed suspended material, and the sowing uniformity and the operation convenience of the mixed suspended material are improved. Meanwhile, the mixed suspension material selected in the invention can improve the soil to promote the growth and development of the root system of the seed, improve the germination rate of the seed, and is suitable for being used as a carrier for seed suspension and sowing; the mixed suspension material with seeds is not required to be stirred during operation and is played in a solid-liquid two-phase mode, so that the damage rate of the seeds is reduced, and the seeding uniformity and the seeding precision of the seeds are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material mixing, in particular to a mixing method, a stirring device and application of a mixed suspension material.
Background
The mechanical direct seeding can save a plurality of working procedures, has simple process, economy and high efficiency, and is a light and simple planting mode which saves labor, time and cost. The existing mechanical direct seeding machine seed metering device mainly comprises a grooved wheel type seed metering device, a pneumatic type seed metering device and a centrifugal type seed metering device, but due to the large shape and size difference of different varieties of rice seeds, the direct seeding machine is easy to generate poor uniformity and mobility in the operation process, so that the seed is damaged, even the seed metering device is blocked, and the seeding efficiency is affected.
The fluid seeding technology is to mix seeds, water and other materials in a certain proportion to form a mixed liquid material, seed and liquid material are sowed together in the field, and simultaneously, nutrients can be added into the materials to improve the emergence rate of the seeds. The seeding mode generally adopts a pump flow type seeding device, the mixed liquid material is driven to flow and seed to the ground by utilizing the centrifugal force of a pump, and in order to ensure the seeding uniformity of the operation device, the seeding mode has higher requirements on the seed suspension uniformity in the mixed liquid material, and the selection of the required material and the optimization of the material proportion are important links before the seeding operation.
Chinese patent CN105612861a discloses a millet liquid suspension and a small amount of liquid seeder, its material is mixed by water retention agent and water, adds millet and material into the seed case and stirs, and water retention agent has very strong water retention and hydroscopicity after mixing with water, can play the effect of retaining water, retaining water and improve crop moisture utilization, but this kind of material mixing mode makes the adhesiveness between liquid phase material and the seed strong, and seed adhesion each other is unfavorable for cavitation seeding requirement under the high-speed field operation.
Chinese patent CN117322301 discloses a plant hydrogel for growing alfalfa by spraying, its preparation method and application, which is prepared by mixing super absorbent soil, adhesive, water-retaining agent, biological polysaccharide, alfalfa seeds and water, and is used for desert greening in desert areas with little precipitation and slope zones by spraying. Chinese patent CN115568401 discloses a polymer pellet fiber spray-seeding base material, which comprises the following raw materials: planting soil, grass soil mixed fibers, organic fertilizer, polymer aggregate, compound fertilizer, microorganism aggregate, water-retaining agent and mixing water. Chinese patent CN117044450 discloses a method for repairing rock slope in mining area by fiber greening, which comprises mixing grass seeds, plant fiber, polyacrylamide microsphere, polyvinyl alcohol and soil to obtain mixed liquid material. The two materials are proportioned and mainly applied to the high-pressure spray seeding device for spray seeding and seeding, and the mixing method is only used for planting grass seeds on the side slope for greening, has various material formulas, complex processing technology and high overall processing cost, and is not suitable for precision liquid seeding with small flow.
Chinese patent CN115735486a discloses a liquid seeder, which can solve the problems of poor uniformity of sowing seeds in artificial sowing and traditional mechanical sowing in the prior art, low emergence rate of sowing seeds and poor growth state in later period, but the phenomenon of layering or sedimentation of seeds in liquid materials in the sowing mode is easy to occur, and a stirring device is required to be added so as to continuously stir mixed liquid materials in the operation process, so that seeds do not settle.
In summary, the prior art mainly has the following disadvantages: (1) The existing liquid seeding technology is mainly applied to slope greening engineering, has various material formulas, complex processing technology and high overall processing cost, and is not suitable for small-flow precision liquid seeding, and the impurity content of the material formulas is high; (2) The formula suitable for mixing cereal liquid is mainly a mode of mixing and proportioning water retention agent and water at present, and the material is single, has stronger cohesiveness and poor material fluidity, and is not suitable for high-speed seeding operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one defect (deficiency) of the prior art and provides a mixing method, a stirring device and application of a mixed suspension material; the mixed suspension material prepared by the mixing method can enable solid particles to be uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid material, and the solid particles are uniformly wrapped in the mixed suspension material without relative flow and sedimentation.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a method for mixing a mixed suspension material, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing mixed solid materials:
screening the matrix materials by adopting a mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix materials as required, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the weighed matrix materials to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
putting the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding water into the mixed solid materials according to a required proportion in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added, so as to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the solid particles are put into the mixed liquid material and uniformly mixed to form the mixed suspension material;
the matrix material at least comprises matrix soil and filling materials;
the mixed liquid material is prepared by adjusting the mixing proportion of the matrix material and water, so that the solid particles are uniformly distributed in the mixed liquid material and no sedimentation occurs.
In the technical scheme, the viscosity and density of the mixed suspension material are changed by adding matrix soil and filling materials into water, so that solid particles can be uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid material, wherein the matrix soil is a main component of the mixed liquid material, the influence on the viscosity of the material is large, the mixing proportion with water is too large, the material is agglomerated and mixed unevenly, the density of the mixed liquid material is low when the proportion is too small, and the solid particles are settled, so that an optimal mixing proportion interval exists for the material; further, the mixing proportion of the matrix soil and the water is adjusted to ensure that the uniformly mixed liquid material has proper density and viscosity interval, so that solid particles can be uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid material, the whole mixed suspended material can be kept relatively stable, and the solid particles are uniformly dispersed in the mixed liquid material and do not flow relatively and do not settle. Further, the filler is added into the mixed suspended materials, and the filler is an auxiliary material and is mainly used for improving the fluidity of the mixed suspended materials, so that the mixed suspended materials can be discharged in a bundled manner, and no hardening phenomenon occurs. Therefore, stirring is not needed during the mixed suspended material sowing operation, and the sowing uniformity and the operation convenience of the mixed suspended material are improved.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mixing ratio of the matrix soil and water is (1-10): 25.
Preferably, bentonite is used as the matrix soil; and/or the filling material is one or more of diatomite, wood powder and a dispersing agent. The bentonite can present a high-viscosity suspension gel solution after meeting water, and has better slurry forming property, cohesiveness and suspension property. Meanwhile, the bentonite has the effects of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, repairing polluted soil and improving the germination rate of seeds. The fluidity of the mixed suspended material can be changed when the filling material is mixed into the mixed suspended material, and meanwhile, the hardening phenomenon of the material is avoided.
Further, when the filler is diatomite, the mixing ratio of the diatomite and water in the mixed suspension material is (0.5-8): 25;
when the filling material is wood powder, the mixing proportion of the wood powder and water in the mixed suspension material is (0.5-8): 25;
when the filling material is a dispersing agent, the mixing proportion of the dispersing agent and water in the mixed suspension material is (1-10): 2500.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method further comprises a pretreatment step for the seeds:
A1. screening original seeds with full and intact grains, fully soaking the screened original seeds until the original seeds are in a chest-breaking dew white state, and filtering and airing the chest-breaking dew white seeds;
preferably, the screened original seeds are soaked in warm water for 24-48 hours, so that the seeds are filtered and aired for 6-12 hours after sufficient moisture is absorbed into the seeds, and the seeds are in a chest-breaking and white-exposing state after embryo breaking is enhanced along with the respiration of the seeds, so that the pretreated seeds are obtained.
Preferably, in the step S1, a 80 mesh screen is used to screen the required matrix material, the screened matrix material is weighed according to the material proportion of the mixed liquid material, and the matrix soil and the filling material are fully stirred and mixed to obtain the mixed solid material.
Preferably, in the step S3, the seeds pretreated in the step A1 are added into the mixed liquid material, so that the mixed liquid material is completely and uniformly mixed, and a mixed suspension material with seeds is obtained.
In the technical scheme, the seeds need to be optimized in the early stage and are pretreated to improve the germination rate of the seeds. According to actual operation demands, the required materials are calculated, the required materials are weighed and mixed uniformly, and the pretreated rice seeds are added after the liquid-phase materials are mixed uniformly, so that aggregation phenomenon can be prevented when seeds and matrix soil are stirred simultaneously. The mode of preparing the mixed suspended materials with the seeds is used for sowing, and as the sowing operation of the mixed suspended materials is not required to be stirred and mixed uniformly, a stirring device is not required to be additionally arranged in a sowing mechanism, the structure and the operation flow of the sowing device are simplified, the uniformity and the convenience of the sowing operation are improved, the damage to the seeds caused by mechanical uniform mixing is avoided, the seeds with white buds can be used for sowing during sowing, and the germination rate and the survival rate of the seeds after sowing are improved. In the mixed suspended materials, the mixed liquid materials have certain cohesive force on solid particles, so that the bundling property of the mixed suspended materials is improved, and the situation that the seeds are disturbed by an external wind field due to light weight in the sowing operation process is avoided; and the mixed suspended materials can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and improve the germination rate of seeds.
Preferably, before the seeds pretreated in the step A1 are added to the mixed liquid material, the seeds are subjected to compound drug treatment according to agronomic requirements.
Preferably, the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, in the step S3, a drug for improving stress resistance of the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the seed.
The invention also provides an application of the mixed suspension material with seeds in a solid-liquid two-phase seed arrangement method.
In the technical scheme, in the mixed suspension material with the seeds, the seeds adopt the mixed liquid material as a carrier, wherein the mixed liquid material is a suspension solution with high viscosity, and certain bonding force exists between the seeds and the mixed liquid material, so that the seeds are continuously and uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid material; meanwhile, the mixed suspension material with seeds has certain fluidity and strong bundling property, so that the mixed suspension material with seeds is not easy to sputter in the operation process, the mixed suspension material is suitable for sowing by adopting a solid-liquid two-phase sowing method, uniformly suspended seeds are uniformly discharged along with the outflow of a liquid phase, the seeds do not need to be additionally uniformly mixed during sowing, and the sowing efficiency and uniformity are improved. Preferably, the method is more suitable for adopting a pulse jet type seeding method, in particular, the seeding steps using the pulse jet type seeding method are as follows: firstly, forming a mixed suspension material with seeds and a certain density and viscosity, so that the seeds are suspended and uniformly dispersed in the mixed liquid material; secondly, pressurizing the mixed suspension material with the seeds to form a continuous material bundle; further, before the material beam is ejected, the pressure before the material beam is ejected is raised again by intermittently shrinking the flow section of the material beam, and the material beam is formed into a jet liquid column; and then, according to the preset pulse scaling frequency, the seeds are shot to a preset position under the wrapping of the jet liquid column, so that high-altitude accurate sowing is realized. The mixed suspended materials with seeds are sprayed through the pulse jet flow, so that not only can the small-range and accurate sowing operation be realized, but also the method is suitable for the unmanned aerial vehicle sowing operation with higher speed and height, the method can avoid the influence of the rotor wind field or the external wind field on the sowing precision of the seeds caused by too small mass of the seeds, and the sowing efficiency and the sowing precision of the unmanned aerial vehicle are improved.
The invention also provides a stirring device for mixing suspended materials, which is applied to the mixing method of the mixed suspended materials in the technical scheme;
the stirring device comprises a mixing bin, a scraping plate, a stirring rod, a power motor, a transmission device and a discharge hole; the power motor is arranged above the mixing bin and is arranged on the central axis of the mixing bin;
the stirring rods are symmetrically arranged in the cavity by the central axis, and the rotation directions of the stirring rods are opposite and do not interfere with each other, so that the working efficiency of mixing is improved;
the transmission device is connected with the output end of the power motor and the input end of the stirring rod and is used for transmitting power; the scraping plate is a strip plate arranged at the bottom and on the side wall of the mixing bin and is used for removing mixed suspended materials attached to the inner wall of the mixing bin, and the power input end at the bottom of the scraping plate is connected with the power motor output end through a long shaft to drive the scraping plate to rotate;
the discharge gate is located the blending bunker bottom.
In the technical scheme, the working principle of the stirring device for mixing suspended materials is as follows:
by arranging the mixing bin as a cavity with an open upper part, the convenience in throwing solid materials and liquid materials into the mixing bin is improved; the mixed liquid material is placed in a mixing bin, a power motor is used for providing kinetic energy for stirring rods by using a transmission device, so that the stirring rods which are symmetrically arranged left and right rotate at high speed at opposite speeds, the material is driven to rotate in the mixing bin, and the mixing uniformity of the material is further realized; meanwhile, the power end of the scraping plate is connected with the output shaft of the power motor, so that the scraping plate rotates along with the power motor and is used for removing viscous materials attached to the inner wall of the mixing bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the mixing method of the mixed suspended material is provided, wherein the matrix material is uniformly mixed firstly, and then a certain proportion of water is added into the matrix material to change the density and viscosity of the material, so that the mixed liquid material is in a gelatinous state and a suspended state; and then, solid particles are put into the mixed liquid material, so that the solid particles can be uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid material. Preferably, the mixing ratio of the matrix soil and the water is (1-10): 25, and the uniformly mixed liquid material prepared by mixing has a proper density and viscosity interval, so that solid particles can be uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid material, the whole mixed suspended material can be kept relatively stable, and the solid particles are uniformly dispersed in the mixed liquid material and do not flow relatively and do not settle. Meanwhile, the flowability of the mixed suspended materials is increased by adding the filling materials, so that the mixed suspended materials can be discharged in a bundle, and the phenomenon of hardening is avoided. Therefore, stirring is not needed during the mixed suspended material sowing operation, and the sowing uniformity and the operation convenience of the mixed suspended material are improved.
2. The application of the mixed suspension material with seeds in a pulse jet type seed metering method is provided; in the mixed suspension material with seeds, the seeds adopt the mixed liquid material as a carrier, so that the seeds are firmly bonded and evenly dispersed in the mixed liquid material, and the mixed suspension material with the seeds has certain fluidity and stronger bundling property, so that the mixed suspension material with the seeds is not easy to splash in the operation process, the mixed suspension material with the seeds is sprayed through pulse jet flow to carry out seed sowing operation, not only can the operation of sowing in a small range and accurately be realized, but also the seed sowing device is suitable for the operation of unmanned aerial vehicle with higher speed and height, the influence of the rotor wind field or external wind field on the sowing precision of the seeds due to the too small mass is avoided, and the sowing efficiency and the sowing precision of the unmanned aerial vehicle are improved.
3. The utility model provides a mixing device for mixing suspended materials, through setting up the mixing bunker that upwards opens, both improved the convenience when throwing into solid material and liquid material in the mixing bunker, through the stirring rod of symmetry setting and reverse operation again, add simultaneously the scraping plate of laminating mixing bunker inner wall and be used for cleaing away the adhesive material that the mixing bunker inner wall is attached, improved compounding efficiency, homogeneity and the utilization ratio of material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of mixing suspended materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of mixing the seeded mixed suspension of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the apparatus for preparing mixed suspended materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus for preparing mixed suspended materials in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the technical solutions of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that some embodiments of the present invention are described, but not all embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material, where the mixed suspension material includes a matrix material and solid particles, and the mixing method includes the following steps:
s1, preparing mixed solid materials:
screening the matrix material by adopting a mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix material as required, and putting the weighed matrix material into a stirring device to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solid material.
S2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material; the density and viscosity of the mixed liquid material are changed by adding matrix soil and filling materials with different proportions into water, so that the mixed suspension material meets the requirements that solid particles are uniformly distributed in the material and the solid particles do not settle.
S3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the solid particles are put into the mixed liquid material and uniformly mixed to form the mixed suspension material;
the matrix material at least comprises matrix soil and filling materials;
the mixed liquid material with certain density and viscosity is obtained by adjusting the mixing proportion of the matrix material and water, so that the solid particles are uniformly distributed in the mixed liquid material and no sedimentation occurs.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mixing ratio of the matrix soil and water is (1-10): 25.
Preferably, bentonite is used as the matrix soil; and/or the filling material is one or more of diatomite, wood powder and a dispersing agent. The bentonite can present a high-viscosity suspension gel solution after meeting water, and has better slurry forming property, cohesiveness and suspension property. The fluidity of the mixed suspended material can be changed when the filling material is mixed into the mixed suspended material, and meanwhile, the hardening phenomenon of the material is avoided.
Further, when the filler is diatomite, the mixing ratio of the diatomite and water in the mixed suspension material is (0.5-8): 25;
when the filling material is wood powder, the mixing proportion of the wood powder and water in the mixed suspension material is (0.5-8): 25;
when the filling material is a dispersing agent, the mixing proportion of the dispersing agent and water in the mixed suspension material is (1-10): 2500.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12 hours after the seeds absorb sufficient water, and enhancing embryo breaking along with the respiration of the seeds to form a chest breaking dew white state, thus obtaining the pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, the mixing ratio of the bentonite and water is (2-4) 25, and the bentonite can present a high-viscosity suspension gel solution after meeting water, and has better slurry forming property, cohesiveness and suspension property. Meanwhile, the bentonite has the effects of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, repairing polluted soil and improving the germination rate of seeds.
The filling material is diatomite, and the mixing ratio of the diatomite and water is (1-3) 25;
screening the matrix soil and the diatomite by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and diatomite according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid material, and putting the weighed matrix soil and diatomite into a stirring device to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48h, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12h after the seeds absorb sufficient water, and enhancing the respiration of the seeds to form a chest-breaking dew white state to obtain the pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, the mixing ratio of the bentonite and water is (2-4) 25, and the bentonite can present a high-viscosity suspension gel solution after meeting water, and has better slurry forming property, cohesiveness and suspension property. Meanwhile, the bentonite has the effects of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, repairing polluted soil and improving the germination rate of seeds.
The filling material is wood powder, and the mixing ratio of the wood powder to water is (1-3) 25;
screening the matrix soil and the wood powder by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and wood powder according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid material, and putting the weighed matrix soil and wood powder into a stirring device to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours, sucking sufficient water into the seeds, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12 hours, and enhancing the respiration of the seeds to form a chest-breaking dew white state to obtain pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, the mixing ratio of the bentonite and water is (2-4) 25, and the bentonite can present a high-viscosity suspension gel solution after meeting water, and has better slurry forming property, cohesiveness and suspension property. Meanwhile, the bentonite has the effects of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, repairing polluted soil and improving the germination rate of seeds.
The filling material is a dispersing agent, and the mixing ratio of the dispersing agent and water is (2-4): 2500;
screening the matrix soil and the dispersing agent by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and the dispersing agent according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid material, and putting the weighed matrix soil and dispersing agent into a stirring device to be fully stirred and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours, sucking sufficient water into the seeds, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12 hours, and enhancing the respiration of the seeds to form a chest-breaking dew white state to obtain pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, and the mixing ratio of the bentonite to water is 1:25;
the filling material is diatomite or wood powder, and the mixing ratio of the diatomite or wood powder to water is 8:25;
screening the matrix soil and the filling materials by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and the screened filling materials according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid materials, and putting the weighed matrix soil and the weighed filling materials into a stirring device for fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours, sucking sufficient water into the seeds, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12 hours, and enhancing the respiration of the seeds to form a chest-breaking dew white state to obtain pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, and the mixing ratio of the bentonite to water is 10:25;
the filling material is a dispersing agent, and the mixing ratio of the dispersing agent to water is 10:2500;
screening the matrix soil and the filling materials by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and the screened filling materials according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid materials, and putting the weighed matrix soil and the weighed filling materials into a stirring device for fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours, sucking sufficient water into the seeds, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12 hours, and enhancing the respiration of the seeds to form a chest-breaking dew white state to obtain pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, and the mixing ratio of the bentonite to water is 10:25;
the filling material is diatomite or wood powder, and the mixing ratio of the diatomite or wood powder and water is 0.5:25;
screening the matrix soil and the filling materials by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and the screened filling materials according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid materials, and putting the weighed matrix soil and the weighed filling materials into a stirring device for fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a mixing method of a mixed suspension material with seeds, wherein the mixed suspension material comprises a matrix material and solid particles, the solid particles are seeds, and the mixing method comprises the following steps:
A1. pretreatment of seeds:
screening original seeds with full and undamaged grains, soaking the screened original seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours, sucking sufficient water into the seeds, filtering and airing the seeds for 6-12 hours, and enhancing the respiration of the seeds to form a chest-breaking dew white state to obtain pretreated seeds.
S1, preparing mixed solid materials:
the matrix soil adopts bentonite, and the mixing ratio of the bentonite to water is 10:25;
the filling material is a dispersing agent, and the mixing ratio of the dispersing agent to water is 1:2500;
screening the matrix soil and the filling materials by adopting an 80-mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix soil and the screened filling materials according to the material proportion prepared by the mixed liquid materials, and putting the weighed matrix soil and the weighed filling materials into a stirring device for fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding a certain proportion of water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the pretreated seeds are put into the mixed liquid material and are uniformly mixed to form a mixed suspension material with the seeds;
preferably, before adding the seeds pretreated in the step A1 into the mixed liquid material, according to agronomic requirements, the method further comprises the step of carrying out compound drug treatment on the seeds; the compound medicine comprises one or more of disinfectant, nutritional agent, herbicide and bird repellent and rodenticide.
Preferably, the seed is added simultaneously with the addition of the drug that improves stress resistance of the seed.
Example 9
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, this embodiment provides a stirring device for mixing suspended materials, which is suitable for use in the mixing methods for mixing suspended materials described in embodiments 1 to 8;
the stirring device comprises a mixing bin 1, a scraping plate 2, a stirring rod 3, a power motor 4, a transmission device 5 and a discharge hole 6; the mixing bin 1 is a cavity with an open upper part, and the power motor 4 is arranged above the mixing bin 1 and is arranged on the central axis of the mixing bin 1;
the stirring rods 3 are symmetrically arranged in the cavity by the central axis, and the rotation directions of the stirring rods 3 are opposite and do not interfere with each other, so that the working efficiency of mixing is improved;
the transmission device 5 is connected with the output end of the power motor 4 and the input end of the stirring rod 3 and is used for transmitting power; the scraping plate 2 is a strip plate arranged at the bottom and on the side wall of the mixing bin 1 and is used for removing mixed suspended materials attached to the inner wall of the mixing bin 1, and a power input end at the bottom of the scraping plate 2 is connected with an output end of the power motor 4 through a long shaft to drive the scraping plate 2 to rotate;
the discharge gate 6 is located blending bunker 1 bottom.
The working principle is as follows: by arranging the mixing bin 1 as a cavity with an open upper part, the convenience in inputting solid materials and liquid materials into the mixing bin 1 is improved; the mixed liquid material is placed in the mixing bin 1, the power motor 4 provides kinetic energy for the stirring rod 3 by utilizing the transmission device 5, so that the stirring rod 3 which is arranged symmetrically left and right rotates at a high speed at an opposite speed to drive the material to rotate in the mixing bin 1, and the mixing uniformity of the material is realized; meanwhile, the power end of the scraping plate 2 is connected with the output shaft of the power motor 4, so that the scraping plate 2 rotates along with the power motor 4 and is used for removing viscous materials attached to the inner wall of the mixing bin 1.
Example 10
This example uses the seeded mixed suspension prepared in examples 2-4 for uniformity and germination rate comparison tests:
the test process is as follows:
1. and (3) verifying suspension uniformity of seeds in the mixed liquid material:
calculating the variation coefficient of the seeds in the same volume by weighing the seeds in the same volume to measure the quality of the uniform effect of the seeds in the mixed liquid material;
the prepared mixed liquid material is tested by taking 200g of seeds as an example, wherein 2.5L of clear water is added; pouring the prepared mixed liquid materials into a funnel, connecting a hose at a discharge port of the funnel, taking 5 groups of mixed liquid materials at the tail end of the hose by using a beaker, respectively taking 180ml of each group of materials at the tail end of the hose at the 1 st min and the 11 th min, flushing the taken materials, performing water filtering treatment, weighing and recording the seed quality after airing for 30min, and carrying out statistics results shown in the following table:
note that: the tables are all the current sampling data, and are only valid for the current data.
As shown by the verification test results, the variation coefficient of the seed quality in all the mixed suspension materials is far less than 20% when the mixed suspension materials are kept stand for 1min and 11min, which indicates that the variation degree of the data of the seed quality in the picked mixed suspension materials is small and the uniformity effect of the seeds in the mixed liquid materials is good.
2. And verifying the influence of mixed liquid materials of different filling materials and matrix soil combinations on the germination rate of rice seeds:
the paddy soil is taken as a culture medium, the paddy soil is placed in a culture dish and soaked in water to form fine slurry, the mixed liquid materials prepared in the examples 2-4 are placed in the culture dish together with seeds, so that the mixed liquid materials are attached to the periphery of the seeds, the seeds are in 1 group according to 50 grains, the seeds are repeated for three times each group, the water of the culture dish is kept sufficient every day, a naked seed control group is arranged, the final germination rate is counted after the 10 th day is finished, and the statistical results are shown in the following table:
note that: the tables are all the current sampling data, and are only valid for the current data.
Further, the germination rates of different material formulas are subjected to analysis of variance, and the analysis of variance results are shown as follows:
the results show that the formula adopting different matrix materials has no obvious influence on the activity and germination rate of seeds, and is suitable for being used as a carrier for seed suspension and sowing.
In the mixed suspension materials with seeds prepared by the mixing method provided in the embodiments 2-8, the mixed liquid materials with certain viscosity and density are used as carriers, and certain bonding force exists between the seeds and the mixed liquid materials, so that the seeds are continuously and uniformly suspended in the mixed liquid materials, and meanwhile, the mixed suspension materials with the seeds have certain fluidity, so that the mixed suspension materials with the seeds are suitable for sowing by a solid-liquid two-phase seed arranging method.
The mixed suspension materials prepared in the examples 2-4 are suitable in cohesive force and flowability, so that the mixed suspension materials with seeds are not easy to sputter in the operation process, and meanwhile, the mixed suspension materials with the seeds have certain flowability and stronger bundling property, so that the method is more suitable for high-speed and high-efficiency precision seeding by adopting a pulse jet seeding method and the like.
In the mixing methods provided in examples 5 to 6, the prepared mixed suspension material with seeds has smaller material viscosity and stronger fluidity by reducing the mixing proportion of matrix soil or improving the mixing proportion of filling materials, and is more suitable for seeding operation environments with large flow and high flow rate.
In the mixing methods provided in examples 7-8, the prepared mixed suspension material with seeds has higher material viscosity and weaker fluidity by increasing the mixing proportion of matrix soil or reducing the mixing proportion of filling materials, and is more suitable for seeding operation environments with small flow and low flow rate.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of mixing a mixed suspension material comprising a matrix material and solid particles, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing mixed solid materials:
screening the matrix materials by adopting a mesh screen, weighing the screened matrix materials as required, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the weighed matrix materials to obtain a mixed solid material;
s2, preparing mixed liquid materials:
placing the mixed solid materials into a stirring device, adding water into the mixed solid materials in the stirring process, and continuing stirring until the materials are completely and uniformly mixed without hardening after the water is added, so as to obtain a mixed liquid material;
s3, preparing mixed suspended materials:
the solid particles are put into the mixed liquid material and uniformly mixed to form the mixed suspension material;
the matrix material at least comprises matrix soil and filling materials;
the mixed liquid material is obtained by adjusting the mixing ratio of the matrix material and water so that the solid particles are uniformly distributed in the mixed liquid material and no sedimentation occurs.
2. The mixing method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mixing ratio of the matrix soil to water is (1-10): 25.
3. The mixing method according to claim 1, wherein bentonite is used as the matrix soil; and/or the filling material is one or more of diatomite, wood powder and a dispersing agent.
4. A mixing method according to claim 3, wherein when the filler material is diatomaceous earth, the diatomaceous earth is mixed with water in a mixing ratio of (0.5-8) 25;
when the filling material is wood powder, the mixing proportion of the wood powder and water in the mixed suspension material is (0.5-8): 25;
when the filling material is a dispersing agent, the mixing proportion of the dispersing agent and water in the mixed suspension material is (1-10): 2500.
5. The compounding method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the solid particles are seeds, and wherein the compounding method further comprises the step of pre-treating the seeds:
A1. screening original seeds with full and intact grains, fully soaking the screened original seeds until the original seeds are in a chest-breaking dew white state, and filtering and airing the chest-breaking dew white seeds;
in the step S3, the seeds pretreated in the step A1 are added into the mixed liquid material to be fully and uniformly mixed, so as to obtain the mixed suspension material with the seeds.
6. The compounding method of claim 5, wherein the step of adding the seeds pretreated in step A1 to the mixed liquid material is preceded by a compound drug treatment of the seeds as agronomically required.
7. The compounding process of claim 6, wherein the compound medicine includes one or more of disinfectant, nutrient, herbicide and bird repellent.
8. The compounding method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, a drug for improving stress resistance of the seed is added simultaneously with the seed.
9. Use of the seeded mixed suspension material produced by the compounding process according to any one of claims 5-8 in a solid-liquid two-phase seed metering process.
10. A stirring device for mixing suspended materials, which is suitable for use in a method of mixing suspended materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the stirring device comprises a mixing bin, a scraping plate, a stirring rod, a power motor, a transmission device and a discharge hole; the power motor is arranged above the mixing bin and is arranged on the central axis of the mixing bin;
the stirring rods are symmetrically arranged in the cavity by the central axis, and the rotation directions of the stirring rods are opposite and do not interfere with each other, so that the working efficiency of mixing is improved;
the transmission device is connected with the output end of the power motor and the input end of the stirring rod and is used for transmitting power; the scraping plate is a strip plate arranged at the bottom and on the side wall of the mixing bin and is used for removing mixed suspended materials attached to the inner wall of the mixing bin, and the power input end at the bottom of the scraping plate is connected with the power motor output end through a long shaft to drive the scraping plate to rotate;
the discharge gate is located the blending bunker bottom.
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