CN117683898B - 与绵羊繁殖性状相关的snp分子标记及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种与绵羊繁殖性状相关的SNP分子标记及其应用,所述SNP分子标记位于绵羊参考基因组Oar_v4.0的5号染色体第92277625位,该位点碱基具有T/G多态性,不同基因型会影响最终的产羔数量。本发明提供的SNP分子标记与绵羊繁殖性状相关,通过对该位点进行基因分型,可以筛选出具有较高产羔数及产活羔数的绵羊,进行早期分子标记辅助选择,具有重要的育种价值和经济价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子生物学领域,具体涉及一种与绵羊繁殖性状相关的SNP分子标记及其应用。
背景技术
单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)是指在基因组水平上由于单个核苷酸的转换(嘌呤与嘌呤或者嘧啶与嘧啶之间的互换)或者颠换(嘌呤与嘧啶之间的互换)所引起的变异,SNP标记在基因组中广泛存在,且已广泛的应用于基因精确定位、群体遗传结构分析及遗传育种等方面。
SPATA9(spermatogenesis associated 9)是精子发生相关基因,在睾丸中特异性表达,与睾丸发育、精子发生有关,是雄性不育的重要因素。该基因的表达具有发育依赖性,在成熟睾丸中的表达显著高于胎儿时期,其编码蛋白属于膜蛋白,在成熟精子的头部表达,在精子获能和顶体反应中起重要作用,经过顶体反应后表达降低,是受精所必需的,以上研究均是在人和小鼠上的报道,有关该基因在绵羊中的功能并不清楚。
绵羊是重要的农业经济之一,也是人类肉类食物的重要来源,产羔数作为衡量绵羊繁殖性能的主要指标,受到广泛关注,提高培育产多羔的绵羊对生产效率和产业化水平的提高具有重要意义,是增加经济效益的重要一环。在集约化养殖模式下,人工授精作为家畜育种的有力手段,在该过程中雄性精液品质是影响受精率的重要因素,如果将精液品质性状运用到绵羊育种工作中,则需要利用分子标记鉴定精液品质较好的个体用于人工授精。但是目前并未在绵羊中发现可用于选育精液品质好、能够影响母畜繁殖能力的SPATA9点突变。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题为:提供一个与绵羊繁殖性状相关的SNP分子标记及其应用。
本发明的技术方案为:SNP分子标记在绵羊繁殖相关性状鉴定或辅助育种中的应用,所述SNP分子标记位于绵羊参考基因组Oar_v4.0的5号染色体第92277625位,该位点碱基具有T/G多态性,从而影响产羔数量。
进一步地,检测SNP位点的基因型,当基因型为TT时,产羔数和产活羔数显著高于TG型和GG型。
与绵羊繁殖性状相关的SNP分子标记,所述SNP分子标记位于SEQ ID No.1所示核苷酸的第114位,具有T/G多态性,当该位点基因型为TT时,产羔数和产活羔数显著高于TC型和CC型。
检测上述所述SNP分子标记的试剂在绵羊产羔数相关性状鉴定或辅助育种中的应用。
进一步地,所述试剂为引物对,所述引物对的上游引物序列如SEQ ID No.2所示,下游引物序列如SEQ ID No.3所示。
一种试剂盒,含有SEQ ID No.2和SEQ ID No.3所示的引物对。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供的SNP分子标记与绵羊产羔数相关性状相关,通过对该位点进行基因分型,选择优势基因型TT个体,筛选出具有较高产活羔数的公羊和母羊,进行早期分子标记辅助选择,具有重要的育种价值和经济价值。
附图说明
图1为影响湖羊产羔数的全基因组关联分析定位图;
图2为SNP位点的位置信息图;
图3SNP位点不同基因型的湖羊产羔数及产活羔数。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为从商业渠道购买得到的。
实施例1SNP分子标记的挖掘
前期通过对307只有二胎以上产羔记录的湖羊母羊进行Ovine 50K芯片杂交,通过全基因组关联分析的方法鉴定到影响湖羊产羔数的信号主要在绵羊2号和6号染色体;定位到影响湖羊产活羔数的信号主要在绵羊2号、5号和6号染色体;初步认为影响湖羊产羔成活率的候选区段位于绵羊5号染色体区段。
针对绵羊5号染色体定位区段进行精细定位,发现在区段内包含SPATA9基因,进一步利用前期获得的全基因组重测序数据,利用大群体对SPATA9区段内9个SNP位点进行基因分型验证,发现绵羊SPATA9基因外显子区存在一个SNP位点g.92277625,该位点突变(由T变为G)导致SPATA9氨基酸发生错义突变(p.21N>T),由天冬酰胺变为苏氨酸,该位点在单羔型绵羊品种和多羔型绵羊品种间基因频率差异显著,当该位点基因型为野生型(TT)时,绵羊的产羔数及产活羔数都显著高于杂合型(TG)和纯合突变型(GG),可用于绵羊的育种。该SNP位于绵羊5号染色体第92277625位,参考基因组版本为GCF_000298735.2(Oar_v4.0),序列号NC 019462.2。
表1不同品种绵羊基因频率
实施例2SNP分子标记的检测
根据SNP位点上下游序列
TCCTGAGTTTCAAATGCTGATCTCATAATCACAAATTCAATAATTGGTATGACACTAAAAATACAATATACATTTTACAATCCTTTTCAAAGTTATAAAATCACATTACCTGAKTAGATTGTGATAATCTGAGGATGGTAGGGAATTCATCTTTAAACTCATCTATAAGGTCCATGATTACTTTCTGGATCCCC(SEQ ID No.1)
设计特异性引物:
上游引物SPATA9-F:5’-TCCTGAGTTTCAAATGCTGATCTCA-3’
上游引物SPATA9-R:5’-GGGGATCCAGAAAGTAATCATGGA-3’
检测方法如下:
步骤一、利用设计的特异性引物对绵羊DNA样品进行PCR扩增,得到包含上述SNP位点区域的扩增产物;
扩增体系如下:使用北京擎科生物科技股份有限公司的高保真PCR酶(2×T5Super PCR Mix(Basic))进行扩增,货号TSE008。
表2 SPATA9 exon5扩增体系
组分 | 添加量 |
SPATA9-F | 1μL |
SPATA9-R | 1μL |
2×T5 Super PCR Mix(Basic) | 12.5μL |
DNA模板 | 50-100ng |
ddH2O | 补齐至25μL |
扩增条件为:使用PCR扩增仪进行扩增,第一阶段:95℃预变性5min;第二阶段95℃变性30s,58℃退火30s,72℃延伸45s,34个循环;第三阶段72℃终延伸5min,4℃保存。
步骤二、对扩增产物进行Sanger测序,获得SNP位点的基因型。
实施例3SNP分子标记的验证
对187只具有2至3胎产羔数及产活羔数记录的湖羊基因组DNA进行扩增,扩增引物、条件、体系同实施例2,将PCR产物测序后,对g.92277625位点进行比对(表3),发现其中31只为野生型(TT),125只为纯合突变型(GG),31只为杂合型(TG)。
表3 187只绵羊样本在SPATA g.92277625T>G位点基因型及产羔数表型
对不同基因型的产羔数及产活羔数进行统计分析:
表4不同基因型绵羊样本数、产羔数及产活羔数
结果如表4和图3所示,TT型绵羊的产羔数及产活羔数都显著高于TG和GG型,证明该位点突变会降低绵羊产羔数及产活羔数。在绵羊育种中,可以优先选择具有TT优势等位基因型的绵羊,能够获得更高的产羔数及产活羔数。
Claims (2)
1.检测SNP分子标记的试剂在绵羊产羔数相关性状鉴定或绵羊产羔数相关性状辅助育种中的应用;所述SNP分子标记位于SEQ ID No.1所示核苷酸的第114位,具有T/G多态性,当该位点基因型为TT时,产羔数和产活羔数显著高于TC型和CC型。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述试剂为引物对,所述引物对的上游引物序列如SEQ ID No.2所示,下游引物序列如SEQ ID No.3所示。
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