CN117561946A - Vernalization auxiliary breeding method for broad beans - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for vernalization auxiliary breeding of broad beans, which divides broad bean seeds of a variety or a high-generation stable strain into four parts; four broad bean seeds are batched in mid July, mid September and mid October, and four large batches of broad bean sprouts are obtained by plug cultivation; the method comprises the steps of (1) obtaining vernalized buds through artificial vernalization of four large batches of broad bean buds; transplanting four large batches of vernalized sprouts in the late october to the late december in sequence under the condition of greenhouse and open field, dividing one large batch of vernalized sprouts into two small batches for transplanting in each time period, and carrying out 15 days at intervals; when the broad bean seeds of the variety or the high-generation stable variety have seedling-stage high temperature resistance, flowering-stage low temperature resistance, insensitive illumination and sub-limited flowering habit in the planting process of sixteen small batches, the broad bean seeds are used as a novel broad bean variety. The invention solves the problems of more flowering and less pod bearing of broad bean varieties bred by the conventional breeding method after planting by adopting the vernalization technology in the short sunshine period in autumn and winter.

Description

Vernalization auxiliary breeding method for broad beans

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of broad bean breeding, in particular to a method for vernalization assisted breeding of broad beans.

Background

Broad bean (vicafaba l.) the leguminous family fava genus biennial herb. Broad beans are one of the oldest edible legume crops cultivated by humans. The current broad bean variety is bred by adopting a conventional breeding method. After the old broad beans are planted by adopting the vernalization technology, the problems of more flowering and less pod bearing in the short sunshine period in autumn and winter exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a broad bean vernalization auxiliary breeding method to solve the problems of more flowering and less pod formation of broad bean varieties bred by adopting a conventional breeding method during short sunshine period in autumn and winter after planting by adopting vernalization technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, a method for vernalizing auxiliary breeding of broad beans is provided, which comprises the following steps:

dividing broad bean seeds of a variety or a high-generation stable strain bred by adopting a conventional breeding method into four parts;

four broad bean seeds are batched in mid July, mid September and mid October, and four large batches of broad bean sprouts are obtained through plug cultivation;

the four large batches of broad bean sprouts are subjected to artificial vernalization to obtain vernalization sprouts;

transplanting four large batches of vernalized sprouts in four time periods from the last october to the last September, from the last September to the last October, from the last October to the last October and from the last October to the last December in sequence under the condition of a facility greenhouse and open field, and transplanting one large batch of vernalized sprouts into two small batches in each time period, wherein the interval between each small batch of transplanting is fifteen days;

through field observation, recording, measurement and indoor test data analysis, the broad bean seeds of the variety or the high-generation stable strain are used as novel broad bean varieties when the broad bean seeds have seedling-stage high temperature resistance, flowering-stage low temperature resistance, insensitive illumination and sub-limited flowering habit in sixteen small-batch planting processes.

Further, the silkworm bean sprouts are strong seedlings with 2 leaves, 1 heart, developed root systems and 10-15 cm of seedling height.

The method has the beneficial effects that the method for the auxiliary breeding of the broad beans by vernalization of the invention reveals different characteristics among individuals of the traditional varieties, and the cultivated broad bean varieties are planted by the most suitable vernalization technology, so that the novel broad bean varieties and the vernalization technology are highly fused, thereby obtaining the best mu yield. The new broad bean variety bred on the basis of the vernalization technology can produce a large amount of fresh pods under the short sunlight from the front of the primordium to the spring festival, and is mature early. The method for the vernalization auxiliary breeding of broad beans provided by the invention uses vernalization technology to distinguish varieties in different maturity periods. The varieties or high-generation stable lines (strains) bred by the conventional system are then used for screening out new varieties of broad beans by using a vernalization technology, so that the economic benefit of the new varieties of broad beans is improved.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The invention provides a method for vernalization assisted breeding of broad beans, which comprises the following steps:

s1: the broad bean seeds of the variety or the high-generation stable strain bred by adopting the conventional breeding method are divided into four parts.

In this embodiment, conventional breeding methods of broad beans include non-vernalization breeding methods such as systematic breeding, cross breeding, and the like.

S2: four broad bean seeds are batched in mid July, mid September and mid October, and four large batches of broad bean sprouts are obtained by plug cultivation.

As a preferred embodiment, the broad bean sprouts have 2 leaves and 1 heart, developed root systems and 10-15 cm high strong seedlings.

S3: and (5) carrying out artificial vernalization on four large batches of broad bean sprouts to obtain vernalized sprouts.

S4: four large batches of vernalized sprouts are transplanted in sequence under the condition of a facility greenhouse and open field in four time periods from the last october to the last September, from the last September to the last October, from the last October to the last October and from the last October to the last December, and one large batch of vernalized sprouts are transplanted in two small batches in each time period, wherein the interval between every two small batches of transplanting is fifteen days.

S5: through field observation, recording, measurement and indoor test data analysis, the broad bean seed of the variety or the high-generation stable strain is used as a novel broad bean variety when the broad bean seed has seedling-stage high temperature resistance, flowering-stage low temperature resistance, insensitive illumination and sub-limited flowering habit in sixteen small-batch planting processes.

For further explanation, the method for vernalization assisted breeding of broad beans according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for vernalization assisted breeding of broad beans, which comprises the following steps:

a. dividing the stable high-generation breeding material into 4 equal parts, and cultivating the silkworm bean sprouts by adopting a cooling system at 4 time nodes of 7 months 15 days, 8 months 15 days, 9 months 15 days and 10 months 15 days, wherein the standard of the sprouts is 2 leaves and 1 heart, the root system is developed, and the height of the sprouts is 10-15 cm.

b. And (3) respectively adopting a method for artificially vernalizing the strong seedlings to obtain vernalized bean sprouts of each batch.

c. And transplanting each batch of vernalized silkworm bean sprouts into 2 batches in each month (within each time period) at 15 days intervals in total of 16 batches in the period of 4 months, namely 8 months 26-9 months 25 days, 9 months 26-10 months 25 days, 10 months 26-11 months 25 days, 11 months 26-12 months 25 days, respectively under the condition of facility greenhouses and open field.

d. Through field observation, recording, measurement and indoor seed test data analysis, new disease-resistant high-yield high-quality broad bean varieties which are high-temperature resistant in seedling stage, low-temperature resistant in flowering stage, insensitive to illumination and sub-limited flowering habit are directionally selected.

The method for the auxiliary breeding of the broad beans by vernalization disclosed by the invention is used for exposing different characteristics among individuals of the traditional variety, and the bred broad bean variety is most suitable for planting by a vernalization technology, so that the novel broad bean variety and the vernalization technology are highly fused, and the optimal mu yield is obtained. The new broad bean variety bred on the basis of the vernalization technology can be produced in quantity during short sunlight period, and is mature early. The method for the vernalization auxiliary breeding of broad beans provided by the invention uses vernalization technology to distinguish varieties in different maturity periods. The varieties or high-generation stable lines (strains) bred by the traditional system are then used for screening out new varieties of broad beans by using a vernalization technology, so that the economic benefit of the new varieties of broad beans is improved.

The above description is only illustrative of the preferred examples of the present application and of the technical principles employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in this application is not limited to the specific combinations of features described above, but it is intended to cover other embodiments in which any combination of features described above or equivalents thereof is possible without departing from the spirit of the invention. Such as the above-described features and technical features having similar functions (but not limited to) disclosed in the present application are replaced with each other.

Claims (2)

1. The vernalization auxiliary breeding method for broad beans is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

dividing broad bean seeds of a variety or a high-generation stable strain bred by adopting a conventional breeding method into four parts;

four broad bean seeds are batched in mid July, mid September and mid October, and four large batches of broad bean sprouts are obtained through plug cultivation;

the four large batches of broad bean sprouts are subjected to artificial vernalization to obtain vernalization sprouts;

transplanting four large batches of vernalized sprouts in four time periods from the last october to the last September, from the last September to the last October, from the last October to the last October and from the last October to the last December in sequence under the condition of a facility greenhouse and open field, and transplanting one large batch of vernalized sprouts into two small batches in each time period, wherein the interval between each small batch of transplanting is fifteen days;

through field observation, recording, measurement and indoor test data analysis, the broad bean seeds of the variety or the high-generation stable strain are used as novel broad bean varieties when the broad bean seeds have seedling-stage high temperature resistance, flowering-stage low temperature resistance, insensitive illumination and sub-limited flowering habit in sixteen small-batch planting processes.

2. The method for vernalization assisted breeding of broad beans according to claim 1, wherein the broad bean sprouts are strong seedlings with 2 leaves, 1 heart, developed root systems and 10-15 cm of seedling height.