CN117500374A - 嗪虫唑酰胺的水分散性颗粒 - Google Patents
嗪虫唑酰胺的水分散性颗粒 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117500374A CN117500374A CN202280041742.1A CN202280041742A CN117500374A CN 117500374 A CN117500374 A CN 117500374A CN 202280041742 A CN202280041742 A CN 202280041742A CN 117500374 A CN117500374 A CN 117500374A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- lignosulfonate
- concentration
- dispersible granules
- weight
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- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLGCXEBRWGEOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradifon Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl MLGCXEBRWGEOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyltin Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/58—1,2-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/02—Acaricides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种水分散性颗粒,含有a)嗪虫唑酰胺;b)磺基琥珀酸二辛酯;c)烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物;d)木质素磺酸盐I,其中磺酰化发生在木质素骨架的脂族结构部分;e)木质素磺酸盐II,其中磺酰化至少发生在木质素骨架的芳族结构部分。本发明还涉及一种生产水分散性颗粒的方法;一种通过使该颗粒和水接触而得到的含水组合物;一种用该含水组合物处理植物繁殖材料的方法;以及一种通过施用该含水组合物而防除或防治无脊椎动物害虫的方法。
Description
本发明涉及含有嗪虫唑酰胺(dimpropyridaz)的水分散性颗粒;还涉及一种生产该颗粒的方法;一种通过使该颗粒和水接触而得到的含水组合物;一种处理植物繁殖材料的方法;一种处理或保护动物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵染或感染的方法;一种防除或防治无脊椎动物害虫的方法;以及一种保护生长的植物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染的方法。
水分散性颗粒(“WG”)是农药化合物的常见配制剂类型。WG配制剂对用户而言易于处理,不含有机溶剂,半衰期时间跨度长并且显示高活性单位质量比。通常在施用之前将WG配制剂加入水中,如在含水桶混物中。颗粒此时崩解并且其成分溶解或者分散于连续水相中。通常希望生产可以容易地分散于含水介质中的颗粒并且如此生产的水分散体保持均匀。颗粒的沉降导致非连续施用率并且沉降的颗粒可能影响含水组合物的粘度特性,这使得喷嘴趋于堵塞。因此,在含水组合物显示出沉积迹象的情况下,希望促进沉积物的再分散性,以恢复均匀的组成。
对于固体WG配制剂,颗粒相比于粉末具有粉尘形成减少的普遍优势。WG配制剂的吸入可能对施药者有害,因此希望尽可能减少粉尘形成。WG配制剂可能通过颗粒之间的摩擦过程产生粉尘。摩擦可以通过改性颗粒的表面而受影响,例如通过产生均匀表面以及通过增强颗粒的完整性,即减少在外力作用下破裂或破碎的倾向。
本发明涉及含有杀虫剂嗪虫唑酰胺的水分散性颗粒。该颗粒在含水组合物中具有高分散性,显示出很少的粉尘形成并且产生物理稳定的含水组合物。这些效果通过提供一种水分散性颗粒实现,该颗粒包含:
a)嗪虫唑酰胺;
b)磺基琥珀酸二辛酯;
c)烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物;
d)木质素磺酸盐I,其中磺酰化发生在木质素骨架的脂族结构部分;
e)木质素磺酸盐II,其中磺酰化至少发生在木质素骨架的芳族结构部分。
惊人地发现添加剂b)-e)的组合赋予上述优点。省略这些添加剂中的甚至一种导致所需效果显著恶化,这不能通过改变其他组分的浓度而恢复。
嗪虫唑酰胺是化合物1-[1,2-二甲基丙基]-N-乙基-5-甲基-N-哒嗪-4-基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺的通用名。嗪虫唑酰胺具有手性中心并且相应地描述了两种对映体(参见ip.com IPCOM000256756D):1-[(1R)-1,2-二甲基丙基]-N-乙基-5-甲基-N-哒嗪-4-基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(下文称为“R-对映体”)和1-[(1S)-1,2-二甲基丙基]-N-乙基-5-甲基-N-哒嗪-4-基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(下文称为“S-对映体”)。S-对映体和R-对映体分别由式I-A和I-B表示:
因此,本文所用术语“嗪虫唑酰胺”涉及S-对映体、R-对映体及其外消旋混合物。优选术语嗪虫唑酰胺涉及S-对映体和R-对映体的外消旋混合物。
水分散性颗粒通常含有包含嗪虫唑酰胺的颗粒。嗪虫唑酰胺以至少两种晶型存在,在下文称为“多晶型A”和“多晶型B”。嗪虫唑酰胺、其对节肢动物害虫的活性及其生产的通用程序由WO2012/143317已知。将这些通用程序用于生产嗪虫唑酰胺以含有多晶型A的玻璃质熔体得到该化合物。包含嗪虫唑酰胺的悬浮颗粒通常涉及呈多晶型A、多晶型B或其混合物的嗪虫唑酰胺的悬浮结晶颗粒。在一个实施方案中,包含嗪虫唑酰胺的悬浮颗粒涉及呈多晶型A形式的嗪虫唑酰胺的悬浮结晶颗粒。在另一实施方案中,包含嗪虫唑酰胺的悬浮颗粒涉及呈多晶型B形式的嗪虫唑酰胺的悬浮结晶颗粒。
多晶型A可以通过粉末X射线衍射法确认并与形式B区分。使用Cu-Kα射线在25℃下记录的多晶型A的PXRD图案显示以2θ值标出的下列反射中的至少3个:16.16±0.10°,20.36±0.10°,23.92±0.10°,24.29±0.10°和27.43±0.10°。这些反射在形式B中并不存在。除了这5个反射外,多晶型A可以在该图中显示一个或多个,特别是至少2个,常常是至少4个,特别是至少6个或至少8个反射,尤其是所有在下文以2θ值标出的反射:7.95±0.10°,10.16±0.10°,12.40±0.10°,15.31±0.10°,15.89±0.10°,16.53±0.10°,18.02±0.10°,19.25±0.10°,20.93±0.10°,23.44±0.10°,23.70±0.10°,26.16±0.10°,30.71±0.10°和32.92±0.10°。
在多晶型A的PXRD图案的峰中,在下列2θ值处的那些是最突出的:10.16±0.10°,15.31±0.10°,15.89±0.10°,16.16±0.10°,16.53±0.10°,19.25±0.10°,20.36±0.10°,20.93±0.10°,23.44±0.10°,23.70±0.10°,23.92±0.10°,224.29±0.10°,26.16±0.10°,30.71±0.10°和32.92±0.10°。
当通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析时,多晶型A显示具有也称为熔融峰的特征性吸热峰的热谱图。作为熔融峰起始确定的熔点通常在约82-87℃的范围内。在这里标出的值涉及使用铝制封闭杯以1-10mg的样品量并应用10K/min的加热速率由DSC测定的值。
下文也称为TGA的热重分析揭示在加热时不发生重量损失,这意指形式A不含溶剂。
多晶型B可以如EP申请号19151447.0所述得到。多晶型B可以通过粉末X射线衍射法基于使用Cu-Kα射线在25℃下记录的多晶型B的粉末X射线衍射图—下文也称为粉末X射线衍射图案或PXRD图案—确认,其显示3个以2θ值标出的下列反射:20.69±0.10°,24.15±0.10°和30.52±0.10°。除了这3个反射外,多晶型B可以在该PXRD图案中显示一个或多个,特别是至少2个,常常是至少4个,特别是至少6个或至少8个反射,尤其是所有在下文以2θ值标出的反射:7.99±0.10°,10.07±0.10°,12.38±0.10°,15.31±0.10°,15.97±0.10°,16.50±0.10°,18.03±0.10°,19.29±0.10°,20.22±0.10°,20.96±0.10°,23.40±0.10°,23.70±0.10°,26.09±0.10°,27.26±0.10°和32.91±0.10°。
在这些反射中,优选至少1个,特别是至少2个,更特别是至少4个,尤其是至少6个或所有以2θ值标出的下列反射可以在该PXRD图案中观察到:10.07±0.10°,15.31±0.10°,15.97±0.10°,16.50±0.10°,19.29±0.10°,20.22±0.10°,20.96±0.10°和26.09±0.10°。除了这些反射外,优选至少1个,特别是至少2个,更特别是至少4个,尤其是至少6个或所有以2θ值标出的下列反射可以在该PXRD图案中观察到:7.99±0.10°,12.38±0.10°,18.03±0.10°,23.40±0.10°,23.70±0.10°,27.26±0.10°和32.91±0.10°。
使用Cu-Kα射线在25℃下记录的多晶型B的PXRD图案通常显示3个以2θ值标出的下列反射:20.69±0.10°,24.15±0.10°和30.52±0.10°,以及额外地以2θ值标出的下列反射:15.31±0.10°,15.97±0.10°和16.50±0.10°。
替换地,使用Cu-Kα射线在25℃下记录的多晶型B的PXRD图案显示3个以2θ值标出的下列反射:20.69±0.10°,24.15±0.10°和30.52±0.10°,以及额外地以2θ值标出的下列反射:23.40±0.10°和23.70±0.10°。
使用Cu-Kα射线在25℃下记录的多晶型B的PXRD图案尤其显示3个以2θ值标出的下列反射:20.69±0.10°,24.15±0.10°和30.52±0.10°,以及额外地以2θ值标出的下列反射:15.31±0.10°,15.97±0.10°,16.50±0.10°,23.40±0.10°和23.70±0.10°。
当通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析时,本发明的多晶型B显示具有也称为熔融峰的特征性吸热峰的热谱图。作为熔融峰起始确定的熔点通常在约80-90℃,尤其是82-89℃的范围内。在这里标出的值涉及使用铝制封闭杯以1-10mg的样品量并应用10K/min的加热速率由DSC测定的值。下文也称为TGA的热重分析揭示在加热时不发生重量损失,这证实了单晶X射线研究的发现:多晶型B不含溶剂。
水分散性颗粒通常基于该水分散性颗粒的总重量以10-90重量%,优选20-80重量%,更优选30-60重量%的浓度含有嗪虫唑酰胺。水分散性颗粒可以基于该水分散性颗粒的总重量以至少25重量%,优选至少35重量%的浓度含有嗪虫唑酰胺。水分散性颗粒可以基于该水分散性颗粒的总重量以至多75重量%,优选至多65重量%,更优选至多55重量%的浓度含有嗪虫唑酰胺。
水分散性颗粒可以含有其他农业化学活性物。术语“农业化学活性物”是指赋予该农业化学配制剂所需生物活性的物质。该其他农业化学活性物通常为农药。农业化学活性物可以选自杀真菌剂、杀虫剂、杀线虫剂、除草剂、安全剂、硝化抑制剂、脲酶抑制剂、植物生长调节剂、微量营养素、生物农药和/或生长调节剂。在一个实施方案中,该农业化学活性物为杀虫剂。在另一实施方案中,该农业化学活性物为杀真菌剂。在再一实施方案中,该农业化学活性物为除草剂。熟练技术人员熟知该类农药,它们例如可以在the PesticideManual,第16版(2013),The British Crop Protection Council,London中找到。合适的杀虫剂是如下类别的杀虫剂:氨基甲酸酯类、有机磷酸酯类、有机氯杀虫剂、苯基吡唑类、拟除虫菊酯类、新烟碱类、斯皮诺素类、阿维菌素类、米尔倍霉素类、保幼激素类似物、烷基卤、有机锡化合物、沙蚕毒素类似物、苯甲酰脲类、二酰基肼类、METI杀螨剂以及杀虫剂如氯化苦(chloropicrin)、拒嗪酮(pymetrozin)、氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)、四螨嗪(clofentezin)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)、特苯唑(etoxazole)、杀螨硫隆(diafenthiuron)、克螨特(propargite)、三氯杀螨砜(tetradifon)、氟唑虫清(chlorofenapyr)、二硝甲酚(DNOC)、噻嗪酮(buprofezine)、灭蝇胺(cyromazine)、双甲脒(amitraz)、灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon)、灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、嘧螨酯(fluacrypyrim)、鱼藤酮(rotenone)或其衍生物。合适的杀真菌剂是如下类别的杀真菌剂:二硝基苯胺类、烯丙基胺类、苯胺基嘧啶类、抗生素类、芳族烃类、苯磺酰胺类、苯并咪唑类、苯并异噻唑类、二苯甲酮类、苯并噻二唑类、苯并三嗪类、苄基氨基甲酸酯类、氨基甲酸酯类、羧酰胺类、羧酸二酰胺类、氯代腈类、氰基乙酰胺肟类、氰基咪唑类、环丙烷羧酰胺类、二羧酰亚胺类、二氢二嗪类、二硝基苯基巴豆酸酯类、二硫代氨基甲酸酯类、二硫戊环类、乙基膦酸酯类、乙基氨基噻唑羧酰胺类、胍类、羟基-(2-氨基)嘧啶类、羟基酰替苯胺类、咪唑类、咪唑啉酮类、无机物质、异苯并呋喃酮类、甲氧基丙烯酸酯类、甲氧基氨基甲酸酯类、吗啉类、N-苯基氨基甲酸酯类、唑烷二酮类、肟基乙酸酯类、肟基乙酰胺类、肽基嘧啶核苷类、苯基乙酰胺类、苯基酰胺类、苯基吡咯类、苯基脲类、膦酸酯类、硫代磷酸酯类、邻氨甲酰苯甲酸类、邻苯二甲酰亚胺类、哌嗪类、哌啶类、丙酰胺类、哒嗪酮类、吡啶类、吡啶基甲基苯甲酰胺类、嘧啶胺类、嘧啶类、嘧啶酮腙类、吡咯并喹啉酮类、喹唑啉酮类、喹啉类、醌类、硫酰胺类、氨磺酰三唑类、噻唑羧酰胺类、硫代氨基甲酸酯类、托布津类(thiophanates)、噻吩羧酰胺类、甲苯甲酰胺类、三苯基锡化合物、三嗪类、三唑类。合适的除草剂是如下类别的除草剂:乙酰胺类、酰胺类、芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯类、苯甲酰胺类、苯并呋喃、苯甲酸类、苯并噻二嗪酮类、联吡啶类、氨基甲酸酯类、氯代乙酰胺类、氯代羧酸类、环己烷二酮类、二硝基苯胺类、二硝基苯酚、二苯醚、甘氨酸类、咪唑啉酮类、异唑类、异唑烷酮类、腈类、N-苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺类、二唑类、唑烷二酮类、氧基乙酰胺类、苯氧基羧酸类、苯基氨基甲酸酯类、苯基吡唑类、苯基吡唑啉类、苯基哒嗪类、次膦酸类、氨基磷酸酯类、二硫代磷酸酯类、邻氨甲酰基苯甲酸酯类、吡唑类、哒嗪酮类、吡啶类、吡啶羧酸类、吡啶羧酰胺类、嘧啶二酮类、嘧啶基(硫代)苯甲酸酯类、喹啉羧酸类、半卡巴腙类、磺酰氨基羰基三唑啉酮类、磺酰脲类、四唑啉酮类、噻二唑类、硫代氨基甲酸酯类、三嗪类、三嗪酮类、三唑类、三唑啉酮类、三唑并羧酰胺类、三唑并嘧啶类、三酮类、尿嘧啶类、脲类。合适的植物生长调节剂为抗生长素类、植物生长素类、细胞分裂素类、落叶剂、乙烯调节剂、乙烯释放剂、赤霉素类、生长抑制剂、形态素类、生长阻滞剂、生长刺激剂和其他未分类的植物生长调节剂。合适的微量营养素是包含硼、锌、铁、铜、锰、氯和钼的化合物。合适的硝化抑制剂是亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、对香豆酸甲酯、阿魏酸甲酯、3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸甲酯(MHPP)、水黄皮素、臂形内酯(brachialacton)、对苯醌高粱内酯(sorgoleone)、2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶(氯草定(nitrapyrin)或N-serve)、双氰胺(DCD、DIDIN)、3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸酯(DMPP、ENTEC)、4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑盐酸盐(ATC)、1-酰胺基-2-硫脲(ASU)、2-氨基-4-氯-6-甲基嘧啶(AM)、2-巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)、5-乙氧基-3-三氯甲基-1,2,4-噻二唑(terrazole、氯唑灵(etridiazole))、2-对氨基苯磺酰胺基噻唑(sulfanilamidothiazole)(ST)、硫代硫酸铵(ATU)、3-甲基吡唑(3-MP)、3,5-二甲基吡唑(DMP)、1,2,4-三唑硫脲(TU)、N-(1H-吡唑基甲基)乙酰胺类如N-((3(5)-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)甲基)乙酰胺和N-(1H-吡唑基甲基)甲酰胺类如N-((3(5)-甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)甲基甲酰胺、N-(4-氯-3(5)-甲基吡唑-1-基甲基)甲酰胺、N-(3(5),4-二甲基吡唑-1-基甲基)甲酰胺、印楝素、基于印楝素的成分的产品、氰胺、蜜胺、沸石粉、邻苯二酚、苯醌、四硼酸钠、硫酸锌、2-(3,4-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)琥珀酸(在下文中称为“DMPSA1”)和/或2-(4,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)琥珀酸(在下文中称为“DMPSA2”)和/或其衍生物和/或其盐;3,4-二甲基吡唑的乙醇酸加成盐(3,4-二甲基吡唑乙醇酸盐,在下文中称为“DMPG”)和/或其异构体和/或其衍生物;3,4-二甲基吡唑的柠檬酸加成盐(3,4-二甲基吡唑柠檬酸盐,在下文中称为“DMPC”)和/或其异构体和/或其衍生物;3,4-二甲基吡唑的乳酸加成盐(3,4-二甲基吡唑乳酸盐,在下文中称为“DMPL”)和/或其异构体和/或其衍生物;3,4-二甲基吡唑的扁桃酸加成盐(3,4-二甲基吡唑扁桃酸盐,在下文中称为“DMPM”)和/或其异构体和/或其衍生物;1,2,4-三唑(在下文中称为“TZ”)和/或其衍生物和/或其盐;4-氯-3-甲基吡唑(在下文中称为“ClMP”)和/或其异构体和/或其衍生物和/或其盐;双氰胺、尿素和甲醛的反应加合物或者三嗪酮基(triazonyl)-甲醛-双氰胺加合物;2-氰基-1-((4-氧代-1,3,5-三嗪烷(triazinan)-1-基)甲基)胍、1-((2-氰基胍基)甲基)脲;2-氰基-1-((2-氰基胍基)甲基)胍;3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸酯;烯丙基硫脲和氯酸盐。设想的脲酶抑制剂的实例包括N-正丁基硫代磷酸三酰胺(NBPT,Agrotain)、N-正丙基硫代磷酸三酰胺(NPPT)、2-硝基苯基磷酸三酰胺(2-NPT)、熟练技术人员已知的其他NXPT、二氨基磷酸苯酯(PPD/PPDA)、氢醌、硫代硫酸铵以及NBPT和NPPT的混合物(例如参见US 8,075,659)。该类NBPT和NPPT的混合物基于活性物质的总量可以40-95%重量%,优选60-80%重量%的量包含NBPT。该类混合物以LIMUS销售,其为一种包含约16.9重量%NBPT、约5.6重量%NPPT和约77.5重量%包括溶剂和助剂在内的其他成分的组合物。
该颗粒可以以宽范围,如基于该颗粒的总重量为5-95重量%,优选10-80重量%,更优选25-60重量%的浓度含有其他农业化学活性物。
该水分散性颗粒在20℃下为固体。该水分散性颗粒基于该颗粒的总重量可以含有至多5重量%,优选至多3重量%,更优选至多2重量%,尤其是至多1重量%液体。
该水分散性颗粒还含有磺基琥珀酸二辛酯(CAS号577-11-7)。
该水分散性颗粒通常基于该颗粒的总重量以0.15-0.6重量%,优选0.175-0.5重量%的浓度含有磺基琥珀酸二辛酯。该水分散性颗粒可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至少0.18重量%,优选至少0.2重量%的浓度含有磺基琥珀酸二辛酯或其盐。该水分散性颗粒可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至多0.8重量%,优选至多0.5重量%,更优选至多0.4重量%的浓度含有磺基琥珀酸二辛酯。
该水分散性颗粒还含有萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物。这些缩合物通过萘磺酸盐和甲醛的缩合反应得到。该类化合物替换地通常称为烷基萘磺酸盐缩合物。如Ullmann’sEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第7版,Wiley-VCH Verlag,ISBN9783527306732,萘衍生物一章所述,甲醛与萘磺酸盐的缩合反应如方案1和2所示得到根据式(I)的萘磺酸盐二聚体和根据式(II)的聚合物二者:
其中指数n表示低聚或聚合缩合产物中的重复单元数目。指数n范围通常为2-1000,000,优选2-1,000,如2-100。
因此,应理解的是术语萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物可能是指一种式(I)和式(II)化合物以宽范围比率的混合物,例如式(I)化合物与式(II)化合物的重量比范围为10,000:1-1:10,000,优选100:1-1:100,更优选10:1-1:10。在一个实施方案中,术语“萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物“是指式(I)化合物。在另一实施方案中,术语“萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物“是指式(II)化合物。
该农业化学悬浮液可以基于该颗粒的总重量以1.2-2.5重量%,优选1.5-2.0重量%的浓度含有萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物。该农业化学悬浮液可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至少1.3重量%,优选至少1.4重量%的浓度含有萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物。该农业化学悬浮液可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至多1.9重量%,优选至多1.8重量%的浓度含有萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物。
萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物与磺基琥珀酸二辛酯的重量比可以在宽范围内变化。在一个实施方案中,萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物与磺基琥珀酸二辛酯的重量比可以为1:1-10:1,优选3:1-10:1,更优选4:1-9:1。
该水分散性颗粒进一步含有木质素磺酸盐I,其中磺酰化发生在木质素骨架的脂族结构部分。它还含有木质素磺酸盐II,其中磺酰化至少发生在木质素骨架的芳族结构部分。
木质素是含有芳族和脂族结构部分二者的复杂生物聚合物。木质素通过几种前体分子,如苯基丙烷、松柏醇、芥子醇和对香豆醇的反应而衍生。这些前体分子含有芳族苯基单元以及羟烷基和烷氧基结构部分,尤其是甲氧基和羟丙基结构部分。因此,木质素磺酸盐I在脂族结构部分含有磺酸根基团,如呈磺基甲氧基和磺基羟丙基形式的甲氧基和羟丙基。另一方面,木质素磺酸盐II至少在芳族结构部分,即在木质素骨架中的苯基结构部分含有磺酸根基团。
由于生产木质素磺酸盐所要求的苛刻反应条件,对熟练技术人员而言清楚的是磺化决不是区域选择性的。相反,得到在木质素骨架的所有位置含有磺酸根基团,但取决于合成方法而具有不同分布的产物混合物。
因此,木质素磺酸盐I和木质素磺酸盐II通常在脂族和芳族结构部分二者含有磺酸根基团。然而,木质素磺酸盐I通常主要,如至少60mol%,优选至少70mol%,更优选至少80重量%,最优选至少90mol%,尤其是至少95mol%在脂族结构部分具有磺酸根基团。
另一方面,木质素磺酸盐II通常可以在脂族和芳族结构部分含有更平衡比例的磺酸根基团。例如,木质素磺酸盐II可以在脂族结构部分/芳族结构部分含有的磺酸根基团摩尔比为3:1-1:3,优选2:1-1:2,更优选1.5:1-1:1.5,如1.1:1-1:1.1。
木质素磺酸盐可以由磺化度表征。木质素磺酸盐I通常具有2-5mol/kg,优选2.5-4mol/kg,更优选3-4mol/kg,尤其是3-3.5mol/kg的磺化度。木质素磺酸盐II通常具有2-5mol/kg,优选2.5-4mol/kg,更优选3-4mol/kg,尤其是3-3.5mol/kg的磺化度。
木质素磺酸盐还可以由其质量平均摩尔质量(Mw)表征,这可以通过光散射或沉积速度测定。木质素磺酸盐I的质量平均摩尔质量通常为1,000-5,000g/mol,优选2,000-4,000g/mol,更优选3,000-4,000g/mol,尤其优选3,500-4,000g/mol。木质素磺酸盐II的质量平均摩尔质量通常为1,000-3,000g/mol,优选1,500-2,500g/mol,更优选1,800-2,300g/mol。
表征木质素磺酸盐的另一方法是通过“z+1平均分子量“(Mz+1)。该z+1平均分子量由分子量分布的高分子量端控制。它可以用于表示在产物中存在或不存在高分子量级分或者分布向更高分子量值的一般性偏移。Mz+1可以由下式计算:
Mz+1=(ΣNiMi4):(ΣNiM3),
其中Ni为各种聚合物物质的摩尔数且Mi为相应物质的摩尔质量。
木质素磺酸盐I通常具有的z+1平均分子量为8,000-20,000g/mol,优选10,000-15,000g/mol,更优选10,000-12,000g/mol。
木质素磺酸盐II通常具有的z+1平均分子量为15,000-25,000g/mol,优选16,000-20,000g/mol,更优选17,000-19,000g/mol。
水分散性颗粒通常基于该颗粒的总重量以2.5-9重量%,优选2.5-8重量%,更优选3-7重量%,尤其是3.5-6重量%的浓度含有木质素磺酸盐I。水分散性颗粒可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至少2重量%,优选至少3.5重量%的浓度含有木质素磺酸盐I。水分散性颗粒可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至多6重量%,优选至多5.5重量%的浓度含有木质素磺酸盐I。
水分散性颗粒通常基于该颗粒的总重量以2-6重量%,优选3-5重量%,更优选3.5-4.5重量的浓度含有木质素磺酸盐II。水分散性颗粒可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至少2.5重量%,优选至少3.8重量%的浓度含有木质素磺酸盐II。水分散性颗粒可以基于该颗粒的总重量以至多7重量%,优选至多4.2重量%的浓度含有木质素磺酸盐II。
木质素磺酸盐I与木质素磺酸盐II的重量比通常在1:4-4:1,优选1:3-3:1,更优选1:2-2:1范围内。
水分散性颗粒通常含有填料。填料为矿土,例如硅酸盐、硅胶、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、膨润土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁;多糖,例如纤维素、淀粉;肥料,例如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、脲类;植物来源的产品,例如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉、坚果壳粉及其混合物。优选的填料是硅酸盐、高岭土、滑石、硅胶和粘土。该颗粒通常基于该颗粒的总重量以10-40重量%,优选20-40重量%,更优选20-35重量%,如25-35重量%的浓度含有填料。
水分散性颗粒通常包含杀害虫有效量的嗪虫唑酰胺。术语“有效量“表示足以在栽培植物上或在材料保护中防治无脊椎动物害虫并且不会导致对被处理植物的显著损害的组合物或嗪虫唑酰胺的量。该量可以在宽范围内变化并且取决于各种因素,如待防治的无脊椎动物害虫品种、被处理的栽培植物或材料以及气候条件。
水分散性颗粒如Mollet和Grubemann,Formulation technology,Wiley VCH,Weinheim,2001;或Knowles,New developments in crop protection productformulation,Agrow Reports DS243,T&F Informa,London,2005所述以已知方式制备。颗粒通常通过使组分a)-e)以任何给定顺序接触,任选地包括与水接触,并且挤出所得组合物而制备。为挤出而加入的水的量通常低于5重量%,如2重量%。然后可以将挤出的材料切割成颗粒,随后干燥。
水分散性颗粒可以含有至少一种助剂。合适的助剂是溶剂,液体载体,固体载体或填料,表面活性剂,分散剂,乳化剂,润湿剂,辅助剂,增溶剂,渗透促进剂,保护性胶体,粘附剂,增稠剂,保湿剂,驱除剂,引诱剂,进食刺激剂,相容剂,杀菌剂,防冻剂,消泡剂,着色剂,增粘剂和粘合剂。
合适的溶剂和液体载体是水和有机溶剂,如中到高沸点的矿物油馏分,例如煤油、柴油;植物或动物来源的油;脂族、环状和芳族烃类,例如甲苯、石蜡、四氢萘、烷基化萘;醇类,如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、苄醇、环己醇;二醇类;DMSO;酮类,例如环己酮;酯类,例如乳酸酯、碳酸酯、脂肪酸酯、γ-丁内酯;脂肪酸;膦酸酯;胺类;酰胺类,例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮,脂肪酸二甲基酰胺;以及它们的混合物。
合适的表面活性剂是表面活性化合物,如阴离子、阳离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂,嵌段聚合物,聚电解质及其混合物。该类表面活性剂可以用作乳化剂、分散剂、加溶剂、润湿剂、渗透促进剂、保护性胶体或辅助剂。表面活性剂的实例列于McCutcheon’s,第1卷:Emulsifiers&Detergents,McCutcheon’s Directories,Glen Rock,USA,2008(International Ed.或North American Ed.)中。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂是磺酸、硫酸、磷酸、羧酸的碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐以及它们的混合物。磺酸盐的实例是烷基芳基磺酸盐、二苯基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、脂肪酸和油的磺酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的磺酸盐、烷氧基化芳基酚的磺酸盐、缩合萘的磺酸盐、十二烷基-和十三烷基苯的磺酸盐、萘和烷基萘的磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐或磺基琥珀酰胺酸盐。硫酸盐的实例是脂肪酸和油的硫酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的硫酸盐、醇的硫酸盐、乙氧基化醇的硫酸盐或脂肪酸酯的硫酸盐。磷酸盐的实例是磷酸盐酯。羧酸盐的实例是烷基羧酸盐以及羧化醇或烷基酚乙氧基化物。
合适的非离子表面活性剂是烷氧基化物,N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺,胺氧化物,酯类,糖基表面活性剂,聚合物表面活性剂及其混合物。烷氧基化物的实例是诸如已经被1-50当量烷氧基化的醇、烷基酚、胺、酰胺、芳基酚、脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯的化合物。可以将氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯用于烷氧基化,优选氧化乙烯。N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺的实例是脂肪酸葡糖酰胺或脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺。酯类的实例是脂肪酸酯,甘油酯或甘油单酯。糖基表面活性剂的实例是脱水山梨醇、乙氧基化脱水山梨醇、蔗糖和葡萄糖酯或烷基聚葡糖苷。聚合物表面活性剂的实例是乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯醇或乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物或共聚物。
合适的阳离子表面活性剂是季型表面活性剂,例如具有1或2个疏水性基团的季铵化合物,或长链伯胺的盐。合适的两性表面活性剂是烷基甜菜碱和咪唑啉类。合适的嵌段聚合物是包含聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的嵌段的A-B或A-B-A类型嵌段聚合物,或包含链烷醇、聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的嵌段的A-B-C类型嵌段聚合物。合适的聚电解质是聚酸或聚碱。聚酸的实例是聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐或聚酸梳状聚合物。聚碱的实例是聚乙烯基胺或聚乙烯胺。
合适的辅助剂是本身具有可忽略的杀害虫活性或者本身甚至没有农药活性且改善化合物I对目标物的生物学性能的化合物。实例是表面活性剂,矿物油或植物油以及其他助剂。其他实例由Knowles,Adjuvants and additives,Agrow Reports DS256,T&FInforma UK,2006,第5章列出。
合适的增稠剂是多糖(例如黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素)、无机粘土(有机改性或未改性的)、聚羧酸盐和硅酸盐。
合适的杀菌剂是拌棉醇(bronopol)和异噻唑啉酮衍生物如烷基异噻唑啉酮类和苯并异噻唑啉酮类。合适的防冻剂是乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素和甘油。合适的消泡剂是聚硅氧烷、长链醇和脂肪酸盐。合适的着色剂(例如着红色、蓝色或绿色)是低水溶性颜料和水溶性染料。实例是无机着色剂(例如氧化铁、氧化钛、六氰合铁酸铁)和有机着色剂(例如茜素着色剂、偶氮着色剂和酞菁着色剂)。
合适的增粘剂或粘合剂是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、生物蜡或合成蜡以及纤维素醚。
本发明还涉及一种通过使水分散性颗粒和水接触而得到的含水组合物。颗粒和水通常通过混合、研磨或本领域已知的其他技术均化。该含水组合物通常含有30-99重量%,优选50-99重量%,更优选60-95重量%,最优选70-95重量%的水。相应地,该含水组合物基于该含水组合物的总重量包含1-70重量%,优选1-50重量%,更优选5-40重量%,最优选5-30重量%的水分散性颗粒。该含水组合物通常为分散体。该分散体至少含有悬浮颗粒形式的嗪虫唑酰胺活性成分。
本发明还涉及一种处理植物繁殖材料的方法,包括使植物繁殖材料与该含水组合物接触的步骤。
该水分散性颗粒可以用于处理植物繁殖材料,特别是种子的目的。所述组合物在稀释2-10倍后在即用制剂中给出0.01-60重量%,优选0.1-40重量%的活性物质浓度。施用可以在播种之前或期间进行。嗪虫唑酰胺及其组合物分别在植物繁殖材料,尤其是种子上的施用方法包括繁殖材料的拌种、包衣、造粒、撒粉、浸泡以及犁沟内施用方法。优选通过不诱发萌发的方法,例如通过拌种、造粒、包衣和撒粉将包含嗪虫唑酰胺的含水组合物施用于植物繁殖材料上。
本发明还涉及一种防除或防治无脊椎动物害虫的方法,该方法包括使所述害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地或繁殖地与杀害虫有效量的水分散性颗粒或含水组合物接触。
接触可以通过喷雾、灌溉、犁沟内施用、浸润和熟练技术人员已知的其他技术实现。无脊椎动物害虫涉及宽范围的害虫,尤其是蛛形纲和节肢动物。
当用于植物保护中时,嗪虫唑酰胺的施用量取决于所需效果的种类为0.001-2kg/ha,优选0.005-2kg/ha,更优选0.05-0.9kg/ha,尤其是0.1-0.75kg/ha。
在植物繁殖材料如种子例如通过撒粉、包衣或浸润的处理中,通常要求每100kg植物繁殖材料(优选种子)0.1-1000g,优选1-1000g,更优选1-100g,最优选5-100g的嗪虫唑酰胺量。
当用于保护材料或储存产品中时,嗪虫唑酰胺的施用量取决于施用区域的种类和所需效果。在材料保护中常用的施用量例如为0.001g-2kg,优选0.005g-1kg活性物质/立方米被处理材料。
可以向活性物质或包含它们的组合物中作为预混物加入或者合适的话直到在紧临使用前加入(桶混合)各种类型的油、润湿剂、辅助剂、肥料或微量营养素和其他农药(例如除草剂、杀虫剂、杀真菌剂、生长调节剂、安全剂)。这些试剂可以以1:100-100:1,优选1:10-10:1的重量比与本发明组合物混合。
用户通常从前剂量装置、小背包喷雾器、喷雾罐、喷雾飞机或灌溉系统施用本发明的含水组合物。通常将该含水组合物用水、缓冲剂和/或其他助剂配制至所需施用浓度,从而得到即用喷雾液或本发明含水组合物。每公顷农业利用区通常施用20-2000升,优选50-400升即用喷雾液。
优点:水分散性颗粒的特征在于在水中良好的分散性,若用水稀释则形成稳定且均匀的含水组合物以及低程度的粉尘形成。下列实施例说明本发明。
实施例
下列成分用于制备实施例的杀害虫组合物。
崩解剂:木质素磺酸盐,在脂族侧链基团磺化,重均分子量3700Da,磺化度3.3(mol/kg),Na2SO3含量9.4重量%。
分散剂:木质素磺酸盐,在脂族和芳族侧链基团磺化,重均分子量2000Da,磺化度3.4(mol/kg),Na2SO3含量3重量%。
润湿剂:10-20重量%磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠,80-90%烷基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物。
填料:高岭土
实施例1
制备具有如表1和2所总结的成分的水分散性颗粒配制剂。
表1:水分散性颗粒的成分
成分 | 浓度(重量比) |
嗪虫唑酰胺 | 50.00% |
崩解剂 | 根据表2 |
分散剂 | 4.00% |
润湿剂 | 2.00% |
水 | 1.00% |
填料 | 加至100% |
通过将干燥成分一起混合并锤磨所得组合物以使粉末去团聚并均化该混合物而制备配制剂。然后将锤磨混合混合物进行空气研磨直到活性成分达到2.5-4.5μm的D(0.5)粒度。然后将空气研磨混合物与刚好足够的水共混以使该混合物结合在一起而通过挤出机形成颗粒。最后在空气流化床干燥器中干燥颗粒直到水分为约1%。
然后分析所得水分散性颗粒在水中的分散性。为此将颗粒以2g的量加入含有100ml水的直径为29.6mm的量筒中。该量筒保持静止2分钟,然后将量筒反复倒转并计数倒转次数。然后将含有该含水组合物的量筒在20-25℃下温育2小时,此时测量沉积物的量。最后将含有该含水组合物的量筒在20-25℃下总共温育24小时并计数恢复均相组合物的倒转次数。这些试验的结果示于下表2中。
表2:崩解剂的浓度和分散性测试结果
结果表明当测试的WG配制剂包含至少2.5重量%但小于10%的崩解剂时,它们具有最好性能。以约5重量%的浓度得到最佳结果。
实施例2
制备具有如表3和4所总结的成分的水分散性颗粒配制剂。
表3:水分散性颗粒的成分
成分 | 浓度(重量比) |
嗪虫唑酰胺 | 50.00% |
崩解剂 | 2.50% |
分散剂 | 根据表4 |
润湿剂 | 根据表4 |
水 | 1.00% |
填料 | 加至100% |
通过对实施例1所述的方法制备配制剂。然后如实施例1所述评价配制剂的分散性。此外,用Heubach量尘器分析粉尘产生。将颗粒以50g的量加入旋转速度为30UPM、气流为20 1/min、体积为600升且时间为1800秒的量尘器中。然后称重由量尘器收集的粉尘。
结果示于表4中。
表4:分散剂和润湿剂浓度以及分散性测试和粉尘形成结果
结果表明该配制剂要求分散剂和润湿剂二者具有可接受的除尘性能。
实施例3:
制备具有如表5和6所总结的成分的水分散性颗粒配制剂。
表5:水分散性颗粒的成分
成分 | 浓度(重量比) |
嗪虫唑酰胺 | 50.00% |
崩解剂 | 5.00% |
分散剂 | 根据表6 |
润湿剂 | 根据表6 |
水 | 1.00% |
填料 | 加至100% |
通过对实施例1所述的方法制备配制剂。然后如实施例1和2所述评价配制剂的分散性和含尘性能。结果示于表6中。
表6:分散剂和润湿剂浓度以及分散性测试和粉尘形成结果
实施例4:
制备具有如表7和8所总结的成分的水分散性颗粒配制剂。
表7:水分散性颗粒的成分
成分 | 浓度(重量比) |
嗪虫唑酰胺 | 50.00% |
崩解剂 | 根据表8 |
分散剂 | 根据表8 |
润湿剂 | 根据表8 |
水 | 1.00% |
填料 | 加至100% |
通过对实施例1所述的方法制备配制剂。然后如实施例1和2所述评价配制剂的分散性和含尘性能。结果示于表8中。
Claims (16)
1.一种水分散性颗粒,含有:
a)嗪虫唑酰胺;
b)磺基琥珀酸二辛酯;
c)烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物;
d)木质素磺酸盐I,其中磺酰化发生在木质素骨架的脂族结构部分;
e)木质素磺酸盐II,其中磺酰化至少发生在木质素骨架的芳族结构部分。
2.根据权利要求1的颗粒,其中嗪虫唑酰胺的浓度基于所述颗粒的总重量为至少25重量%。
3.根据权利要求1或2的颗粒,其中所述磺基琥珀酸二辛酯的浓度基于所述颗粒的总重量为0.15-0.6重量%。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的颗粒,其中所述烷基萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物的浓度基于所述颗粒的总重量为1.2-2.5重量%。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的颗粒,其中组分c)与组分b)的重量比为3:1-10:1。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐I的浓度基于所述颗粒的总重量为2.5-8重量%.
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐II的浓度基于所述颗粒的总重量为3-5重量%。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐I与所述木质素磺酸盐II的重量比为1:2-2:1。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐II在所述木质素骨架的脂族和芳族结构部分二者均含有磺酸根基团。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐I含有3-4mol/kg磺酸根基团。
11.根据权利要求1-10中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐II含有3-4mol/kg磺酸根基团。
12.根据权利要求1-11中任一项的颗粒,其中所述木质素磺酸盐II具有的z+1平均分子量为15,000-25,000g/mol。
13.一种生产如权利要求1-12中任一项所定义的水分散性颗粒的方法,包括使组分a)-e)以任何给定顺序接触,任选地包括与水接触,并且挤出所得组合物的步骤。
14.一种通过使如权利要求1-12中任一项所定义的水分散性颗粒和水接触而得到的含水组合物。
15.一种处理植物繁殖材料的方法,包括使植物繁殖材料与如权利要求14所定义的组合物接触的步骤。
16.一种防除或防治无脊椎动物害虫的方法,所述方法包括使所述害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地或繁殖地与杀害虫有效量的如权利要求1-12中任一项所定义的水分散性颗粒或如权利要求13所定义的组合物接触。
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CA1202500A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1986-04-01 | Pradip K. Mookerjee | Method for the preparation of water dispersible granular herbicidal compositions with increased thermal stability |
EP1908348A4 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2012-03-28 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | AGROCHEMICAL GRANULATED WET POWDER AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
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