CN117406466A - Method for adjusting long-focus compact optical system - Google Patents

Method for adjusting long-focus compact optical system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117406466A
CN117406466A CN202311356176.6A CN202311356176A CN117406466A CN 117406466 A CN117406466 A CN 117406466A CN 202311356176 A CN202311356176 A CN 202311356176A CN 117406466 A CN117406466 A CN 117406466A
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China
Prior art keywords
mirror
secondary mirror
collimator
optical system
auto
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CN202311356176.6A
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Inventor
王敏
司朝阳
张熙豪
谭杭杭
陈恒
葛春晓
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Luoyang Institute of Electro Optical Equipment AVIC
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Luoyang Institute of Electro Optical Equipment AVIC
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Priority to CN202311356176.6A priority Critical patent/CN117406466A/en
Publication of CN117406466A publication Critical patent/CN117406466A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/32—Fiducial marks and measuring scales within the optical system

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for adjusting a long-focus compact optical system, which comprises the following steps: establishing an adjustment reference, installing a telescopic system and adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system; the method comprises the steps of installing an internal focusing autocollimator, enabling an optical path of the focusing autocollimator and an optical path of a secondary mirror to be in tandem, installing a turning mirror assembly and a converging mirror assembly to be in tandem fixture, enabling an output optical path of the focusing autocollimator to be parallel to a return optical path, primarily adjusting a telescopic system and a converging system, and adjusting an optical system. The invention reduces the difficulty of assembly and adjustment.

Description

Method for adjusting long-focus compact optical system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical machine adjustment, in particular to an adjustment method of a long-focus compact optical system.
Background
The card type telescopic system can collect more information due to the large caliber and long focal length, and becomes one of the main configurations of the optical system of the photoelectric product. Limited by the size of the structure, the optical system needs to be spatially compressed.
Two plane reflectors are added between the clamping type telescopic system and the converging system to form a rotary light path, so that the converging focus of the telescopic system can be moved forward, however, an error is introduced by adding an optical element into the optical system, the wave aberration requirement RMS of the optical system is less than or equal to 0.09 lambda, lambda represents the measurement wavelength of the laser interferometer 1, and after the error is introduced, the system is difficult to adjust.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide a method of adjusting a long focal length compact optical system to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an adjustment method of a long-focus compact optical system, which can quickly and effectively establish an adjustment reference, comb an assembly process route, ensure that the exit pupil of a telescopic system coincides with the exit pupil of a converging system, obtain wave aberration meeting the system requirement, avoid repeated blind adjustment, and solve the problems that in the prior art, an optical element is added in the optical system, errors are introduced, and the system is difficult to adjust after the errors are introduced.
The invention relates to a method for adjusting a long-focus compact optical system, which adopts the following technical scheme: comprising the following steps:
establishing an adjustment reference by using a main mirror and a laser interferometer, installing a secondary mirror component based on the adjustment reference to form a telescopic system, adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system, and locking the secondary mirror position of the secondary mirror component;
an inner focusing auto-collimator is arranged at the back of a secondary mirror of the telescopic system, and the focusing auto-collimator and an optical path string shaft of the secondary mirror in the telescopic system;
removing secondary mirror components, installing a folding mirror assembly to a telescopic system, carrying out shaft connection on two folding mirrors of the folding mirror assembly, installing a converging mirror group shaft connection tool in a converging lens cone, installing the converging mirror group shaft connection tool to the converging system, and respectively adjusting the positions of the folding mirrors under different modes of a focusing autocollimator so that an output light path and a return light path of the focusing autocollimator are parallel;
removing the tandem tool of the converging lens group, assembling the converging lens into a converging lens barrel, moving a secondary lens component into the system and connecting the secondary lens component with a main lens component, removing an inner focusing auto-collimator, and completing the primary adjustment of a telescopic system and a converging system;
setting a standard plane reflector vertical to the light beam at the output end of the convergence system, and adjusting the position of the turning mirror according to the coma item analyzed by the wave aberration of the optical system until the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the entrance pupil of the convergence system; and adjusting the position of the convergence system according to the defocusing term of wave aberration analysis of the optical system until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum, namely finishing the adjustment of the optical system.
Preferably, the step of establishing the adjustment reference comprises the following steps:
aligning the primary mirror with the laser interferometer;
placing a standard ball at the focus of the main mirror;
synchronously adjusting the azimuth and pitching postures of the main mirror and the standard ball until the emergent ray of the laser interferometer is parallel to the optical axis of the main mirror;
the laser interferometer measures the surface shape of the main mirror to obtain a minimum value, and the position of the main mirror is locked;
and taking an optical axis formed by the main mirror and the quasi-laser interferometer as an adjustment reference of the current adjustment.
Preferably, the step of adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system comprises:
placing a standard ball at the focus of a telescopic system;
synchronously moving the secondary mirror and the standard sphere in the horizontal and vertical directions until the coma aberration value is minimum in Zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system;
synchronously moving the secondary mirror and the standard sphere along the optical axis direction until the sphere difference value is minimum in Zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system;
and fixing the secondary mirror of the secondary mirror part and the secondary mirror bracket
At this time, the image quality adjustment of the telescopic system is completed.
Preferably, the step of connecting the focusing autocollimator to the optical path axis of the secondary mirror in the secondary mirror part is:
under the auto-collimation mode of the internal focusing auto-collimator, the azimuth and pitching attitude of the internal focusing auto-collimator are adjusted;
until the back parts of the inner focusing auto-collimator and the secondary mirror are self-aligned;
in the inner focus auto-collimator in the inner focus mode,
adjusting the focal length of the inner focusing autocollimator until a cross line on the back of the secondary mirror can be observed through the inner focusing autocollimator;
the position of the inner focusing auto-collimator is adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the inner focusing auto-collimator observes that the center of a cross line on the back of the quasi-secondary mirror is imaged at the origin of the inner focusing auto-collimator;
the optical path tandem of the secondary mirror in the focusing auto-collimator and the secondary mirror component is completed.
Preferably, the steps of adjusting the positions of the turning mirrors respectively under different modes of the focusing autocollimator so that an output light path and a return light path of the focusing autocollimator are parallel are as follows:
the two turning mirrors are a first turning mirror and a second turning mirror;
under the auto-collimation mode of the inner focusing auto-collimator, the positions of the first turning mirror and the second turning mirror are twisted, so that the reflecting surface of the tandem tool with the converging mirror group and the inner focusing auto-collimator are self-aligned;
under an internal focusing mode, the internal focusing autocollimator translates the position of the second turning mirror in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the center of a cross line of the converging lens group tandem tool is imaged and positioned at the origin of the internal focusing autocollimator;
at this time, the output light path of the focusing autocollimator is parallel to the return light path.
Preferably, the step of installing the inner focusing auto-collimator comprises:
aligning the inner focusing auto-collimator to the back of the secondary mirror;
adjusting the height of the inner focusing auto-collimator to make the center of the inner focusing auto-collimator equal to the center of the secondary mirror;
and the installation of the inner focusing auto-collimator is completed.
Preferably, the step of fine-tuning the position of the turning mirror according to the coma term of the wave aberration analysis of the optical system includes:
when the coma aberration analysis coma aberration term of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, the position of the second turning mirror is finely adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions;
when the coma aberration term of the wave aberration analysis of the optical system is less than 0.01, the position adjustment of the turning mirror is not performed.
Preferably, the step of adjusting the position of the convergence system according to the defocus term in the zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system comprises:
if the absolute value of the defocus term in the Zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, translating the position of the convergence system along the optical axis direction until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum;
if the absolute value of the defocus term in the zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is less than or equal to 0.01, the wave aberration value is minimum at this time, and adjustment is not needed.
Preferably, after moving the secondary mirror element into the system, further comprising:
judging whether the back of the secondary mirror is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator or not, and judging whether a cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator or not;
if both the secondary mirror parts are connected with the primary mirror part;
if one of the secondary lenses is not, the secondary lens and the secondary lens support are disassembled, and the image quality of the telescopic system is readjusted until the back of the secondary lens is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator, and the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary lens is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator.
Preferably, the back of the secondary mirror is coated with a reflective film in the visible light band, wherein the cross line of the back is not coated with a film.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
through the adjustment reference of laser interferometer and standard ball adjustment optical system, then, with the adjustment reference as standard, install the secondary mirror Xing Chengwang far away system, install the folding mirror subassembly at the telescope system, install the cluster axle frock of converging mirror group in converging the lens cone and install at the telescope system, and utilize interior focusing auto-collimator to carry out the cluster axle to the folding mirror subassembly of telescope system, primary mirror and secondary mirror, then, remove the cluster axle frock of converging mirror group, assemble the converging mirror into converging lens cone and resume converging system, in order to accomplish the preliminary adjustment of converging system and telescope system, at this moment, set up standard plane speculum at the output of the converging system of the system that preliminary adjustment is done, and combine the wave aberration of laser interferometer acquisition system, adjust the position of folding mirror, converging system according to the wave phase difference, until the exit pupil of telescope system coincides with converging system entrance pupil, and the wave aberration value of system is minimum, at this moment, the adjustment of optical system has been accomplished promptly. The invention can quickly and effectively establish the system adjustment reference in the whole process, and then the optical system is divided into the telescopic system and the convergence system to be sequentially adjusted, namely, the adjustment process route is combed, thereby ensuring that the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the exit pupil of the convergence system, obtaining wave aberration meeting the system requirement, avoiding repeated blind adjustment and reducing the adjustment difficulty.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of an embodiment of a tuning method of a long focal length compact optical system according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a secondary mirror of an adjustment method of a long focal length compact optical system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alignment reference using a laser interferometer and a standard sphere in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a tandem axis of an optical system of an adjustment method of a long focal length compact optical system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a measuring light path of an optical system of an adjustment method of a long focal length compact optical system according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a laser interferometer; 3. a primary mirror; 4. a secondary mirror; 5. a first turning mirror; 6. a second turning mirror; 7. a converging lens group; 8. assembling a lens group tandem tool; 9. a standard ball; 10. a standard planar mirror.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to a method for adjusting a long-focus compact optical system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing an adjustment reference, installing a telescopic system and adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system;
specifically, an adjustment reference is established by using the main mirror 3 and the laser interferometer 1, a sub-mirror member is installed based on the adjustment reference to construct a telescopic system, the image quality of the telescopic system is adjusted, and the position of the sub-mirror 4 of the sub-mirror member is locked.
Wherein, the step of setting up the reference of the adjustment is: aligning the main mirror 3 with the laser interferometer 1, and placing a standard sphere 9 at the focus of the main mirror 3; synchronously adjusting the azimuth and pitching postures of the main mirror 3 and the standard ball 9 until the emergent ray of the laser interferometer 1 is parallel to the optical axis of the main mirror; and the laser interferometer 1 measures the surface shape of the main mirror 3 to obtain the minimum value, and locks the position of the main mirror 3, namely, the optical axis formed by the main mirror 3 and the quasi-laser interferometer 1 is used as the adjustment reference of the current adjustment.
The step of adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system comprises the following steps: placing a standard sphere 9 at the focus of the telescopic system; synchronously moving the positions of the secondary mirror 4 and the standard sphere 9 in the horizontal and vertical directions until the coma aberration value is minimum in Zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system; synchronously moving the positions of the secondary mirror 4 and the standard sphere 9 along the optical axis direction until the sphere difference value is minimum in Zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system; at this time, the image quality adjustment of the telescopic system is completed.
S2, installing an internal focusing auto-collimator to enable the focusing auto-collimator to be in axial connection with the light path of the secondary mirror;
specifically, an inner focusing autocollimator 2 is placed on the back side of a secondary mirror 4 of the telescopic system, and the focusing autocollimator 2 and the optical path of the secondary mirror 4 of the telescopic system are connected in series.
Specifically, the step of connecting the focusing autocollimator 2 to the optical path axis of the secondary mirror 4 in the secondary mirror part is: in the auto-collimation mode of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2, the azimuth and pitching attitude of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 are adjusted; until the back parts of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 and the secondary mirror 4 are self-aligned; in the internal focusing mode of the internal focusing autocollimator 2, the focal length of the internal focusing autocollimator 2 is adjusted until a cross scribing line at the back of the secondary mirror 4 can be observed through the internal focusing autocollimator 2; the position of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 is adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 observes that the center of a cross line at the back of the quasi-secondary mirror 4 is imaged at the origin of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2; the optical path tandem of the focusing autocollimator 2 and the secondary mirror 4 in the secondary mirror component is completed.
S3, installing a turning mirror assembly and a converging mirror assembly tandem tool, and enabling an output light path and a return light path of the focusing auto-collimator to be parallel;
specifically, the secondary mirror component is removed, the folding mirror component is mounted to the telescopic system, the two folding mirrors of the folding mirror component are connected in series, the converging mirror group serial shaft tool 8 is mounted in the converging lens barrel 7 and mounted to the converging system, and the positions of the folding mirrors are respectively adjusted under different modes of the focusing autocollimator 2 until the output light path of the focusing autocollimator 2 is parallel to the return light path reflected by the converging mirror group serial shaft tool 8.
The steps of respectively adjusting the positions of the turning mirrors under different modes of the focusing auto-collimator 2 until the output light path of the focusing auto-collimator 2 is parallel to the return light path reflected by the converging lens group tandem tool 8 are as follows: the two turning mirrors of the two turning mirror assemblies are a first turning mirror 5 and a second turning mirror 6 in sequence; in the auto-collimation mode of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2, the positions of the first turning mirror 5 and the second turning mirror 6 are twisted, so that the reflecting surface of the converging mirror group tandem tool 8 and the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 are self-aligned; in the inner focusing mode of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, the position of the second turning mirror 6 is translated in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the center of a cross line of the converging lens group tandem tool 8 is imaged and positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, and at the moment, an output light path of the focusing autocollimator 2 is parallel to a return light path reflected by the converging lens group tandem tool 8.
In this embodiment, it is considered that, when the parallelism between the output optical path and the return optical path of the focusing autocollimator 2 is less than 2 ", the output optical path of the focusing autocollimator 2 is considered to be parallel to the return optical path reflected by the tandem tool 8 of the converging lens group.
S4, preliminary adjustment of the telescopic system and the convergence system;
specifically, the tandem tool 8 of the converging lens group is removed, the converging lens is assembled into the converging lens barrel 7, the secondary lens component is moved into the system and is connected with the main lens component, the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 is removed, and the primary assembly and adjustment of the telescopic system and the converging system are completed.
Wherein after moving the secondary mirror element into the system, further comprising: judging whether the back of the secondary mirror 4 is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2 or not, and judging whether a cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 or not; if the back of the secondary mirror 4 is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2, and the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, the secondary mirror part is connected with the main mirror part; if the back of the secondary mirror 4 is not self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2, or the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is not located at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, the secondary mirror 4 and the secondary mirror support are disassembled, and the image quality of the telescopic system is readjusted until the back of the secondary mirror 4 is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2, and the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is located at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2.
S5, adjusting an optical system;
specifically, a standard plane reflector 10 perpendicular to the light beam is arranged at the output end of the convergence system, and the position of the turning mirror is adjusted according to the coma item analyzed by the wave aberration of the optical system until the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the entrance pupil of the convergence system; and adjusting the position of the convergence system according to the defocusing term of wave aberration analysis of the optical system until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum, namely the final adjustment of the optical system is completed.
Specifically, the step of fine tuning the position of the turning mirror according to the coma term analyzed by zernike of the optical system is as follows: when the coma aberration analysis coma aberration term of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, the position of the second turning mirror 6 is finely adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions; when the coma aberration term of the wave aberration analysis of the optical system is less than 0.01, the position adjustment of the turning mirror is not performed.
Specifically, the step of adjusting the position of the convergence system according to the defocus term in the zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is: if the absolute value of the defocus term in the Zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, translating the position of the convergence system along the optical axis direction until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum; if the absolute value of the defocus term in the Zernike analysis value of the measurement result is less than or equal to 0.01, the wave aberration value meets the requirement at the moment, and adjustment is not needed.
Specifically, the back of the secondary mirror 4 is coated with a reflective film in the visible light band, and the visible light band in this embodiment is a 632.5nm band, where the cross line on the back is not coated with a film.
The adjustment process of this embodiment:
before adjustment: manufacturing a converging lens group tandem tool 8, wherein the converging lens group tandem tool is a reflecting cross reticle made of glass material, as shown in fig. 2, a 632.5nm wave band reflecting film is plated on the back of a secondary lens, a cross line is engraved at the center, no film is plated at the cross line, and the coaxiality of the cross intersection point is less than or equal to 0.005 on an optical axis; after the secondary mirror is debugged, the secondary mirror is fixed on the secondary mirror bracket through cementing, and the secondary mirror bracket and the main mirror bracket are positioned through pin striking, so that the secondary mirror can be repeatedly disassembled and assembled; in the installation process, the optical centering is assembled into a structural member and then matched with the converging lens barrel to ensure that the cross intersection point of the reticle is positioned on the central axis of the inner wall of the converging lens barrel, and the coaxiality is less than or equal to 0.01mm.
1) As shown in fig. 3, the main mirror 3 is aligned with the laser interferometer 1, and a standard sphere 9 is placed at the focal point of the main mirror 3; synchronously adjusting the azimuth and pitching postures of the main mirror 3 and the standard ball 9 until the emergent ray of the laser interferometer 1 is parallel to the optical axis of the main mirror; and the laser interferometer 1 measures the surface shape of the main mirror 3 to obtain the minimum value, locks the position of the main mirror 3 (namely, the main mirror 3 and the main mirror bracket are fixed by glue filling), and then takes the optical axis formed by the main mirror 3 and the quasi-laser interferometer 1 as the adjustment reference of the current adjustment.
2) Taking the adjustment reference as the reference, assembling the secondary mirror part on the main mirror part to form a telescopic system, placing the standard sphere 9 at the focus of the telescopic system, synchronously translating the positions of the secondary mirror 4 and the standard sphere 9 of the secondary mirror part in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, guaranteeing that the coma aberration value in the zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system is minimum (namely, the coma aberration value is smaller than or equal to 0.01 in the zernike analysis in the embodiment), then synchronously moving the positions of the secondary mirror 4 and the standard sphere 9 along the optical axis direction (the direction of the adjustment reference) until the spherical aberration value in the zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system is minimum (namely, the spherical aberration value is smaller than or equal to 0.01 in the zernike analysis in the embodiment), finishing the image quality adjustment of the telescopic system at this moment, and grouting the secondary mirror 4 to enable the secondary mirror 4 to be connected with the secondary mirror bracket, obtaining the fixed secondary mirror part, and carrying out the next step after the glue drying.
3) As shown in fig. 4, the inner focusing autocollimator 2 is aligned to the back of the secondary mirror 4 of the secondary mirror part, and the height of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 is adjusted so that the center of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 is equal to the center of the secondary mirror 4; setting the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 into an auto-collimation mode, and adjusting the azimuth and pitching postures of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 to enable the back of the inner focusing auto-collimator 2 and the back of the secondary mirror 4 to be self-aligned; and switching the inner focusing autocollimator 2 to an inner focusing mode, adjusting the focal length of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 until a cross reticle at the back of the secondary mirror 4 can be observed through the inner focusing autocollimator 2, translating the inner focusing autocollimator 2 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, ensuring that the center imaging of the cross reticle is superior to the original point of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 in required precision, namely less than or equal to 2', and keeping the position of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 in the follow-up adjustment step.
4) Removing secondary mirror components, putting the first folding mirror 5 and the second folding mirror 6 into a telescopic system, carrying out tandem axle on the two first folding mirrors 5 and the second folding mirror 6, switching the internal focusing autocollimator 2 into an autocollimation mode, putting the converging mirror group tandem axle fixture 8 into the converging lens barrel 7, installing the converging lens barrel 7 into the converging system, twisting the positions of the first folding mirror 5 and the second folding mirror 6, enabling the reflecting surface of the converging mirror group tandem axle fixture 8 to be autocollimation with the internal focusing autocollimator 2, switching the internal focusing autocollimator 2 into the internal focusing mode, and translating the second folding mirror 6 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the center of a cross line of the converging mirror group tandem axle fixture 8 is imaged to be positioned at the origin of the internal focusing autocollimator 2 (namely, the output light path of the converging mirror group tandem axle fixture 8 is reflected to form a return light path, and the return light path is parallel to the output light path of the converging mirror group tandem axle fixture 8).
5) As shown in fig. 5, the tandem fixture 8 of the convergent mirror group is taken out, the convergent mirror is assembled into the convergent lens barrel 7 to restore the convergent system, then the secondary mirror component is moved into the telescopic system, the secondary mirror support of the secondary mirror component and the main mirror support of the main mirror component are positioned by pins, whether the back of the secondary mirror 4 is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2 or not is rechecked, and whether the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror 4 is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2 or not is checked; if the back of the secondary mirror 4 is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2, and the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, the secondary mirror part is connected with the main mirror part; if the back of the secondary mirror 4 is not self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2, or the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is not located at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, the secondary mirror 4 and the secondary mirror support are disassembled, the image quality of the telescopic system is readjusted until the back of the secondary mirror 4 is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator 2, and the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is located at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator 2, at the moment, the primary butt joint of the telescopic system and the converging system is finished, namely, the primary installation and adjustment of the optical system is finished, at the moment, the optical system can form an optical path for parallel light entering and parallel light exiting, and the inner focusing autocollimator 2 is moved out of the measuring optical path.
Placing a standard plane reflecting mirror 10 at the output end of the convergence system, adjusting the gesture of the standard plane reflecting mirror 10, and ensuring that the mirror surface of the standard plane reflecting mirror 10 is perpendicular to the measuring light path of the laser interferometer 1, namely, the plane shape of the standard plane reflecting mirror 10 measured by the laser interferometer 1 is the optimal plane shape at the moment (the telescopic system is shielded when the measurement is noted, and the measurement interference is avoided); under the optimal surface type, the wave aberration of the optical system can be measured by using the laser interferometer 1 and the standard plane reflector 10, and when the coma aberration term analyzed by the wave aberration of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, the position of the second turning mirror 6 is finely adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions until the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the entrance pupil of the converging system; when the coma aberration analysis of the optical system is less than 0.01, the fact that the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the entrance pupil of the converging system at the moment is indicated, and the position adjustment of the folding mirror is not needed; if the absolute value of the defocus term (power term) in the Zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, translating the position of the convergence system along the optical axis direction until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum; if the absolute value of the defocus term (power term) in the zernike analysis value of the measurement result is less than or equal to 0.01, the wave aberration value is minimum at the moment, adjustment is not needed, the wave aberration RMS is less than or equal to 0.09 lambda, lambda represents the measurement wavelength of the laser interferometer 1, and the system light path adjustment is completed at the moment.
In summary, according to the tuning method for a long-focal-length compact optical system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the tuning reference of the laser interferometer and the standard spherical tuning optical system is used, then the secondary mirror Xing Chengwang far system is installed based on the tuning reference, the folding mirror assembly is installed in the telescopic system, the converging mirror group serial shaft tooling is installed in the converging lens barrel and is installed in the converging system, the inner focusing auto-collimator is utilized to carry out serial shaft on the folding mirror assembly, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror of the telescopic system, then the converging mirror group serial shaft tooling is removed, the converging mirror is assembled in the converging lens barrel to restore the converging system, so as to complete the primary tuning of the converging system and the telescopic system, at this time, the standard plane mirror is arranged at the output end of the converging system of the primary tuning system, the wave aberration of the system is acquired by combining the laser interferometer, the positions of the folding mirror and the converging system are adjusted according to the wave aberration until the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the entrance pupil of the converging system, and the wave aberration value of the system is minimum, and at this time, the tuning of the optical system is completed. The invention can quickly and effectively establish the system adjustment reference in the whole process, and then the optical system is divided into the telescopic system and the convergence system to be sequentially adjusted, namely, the adjustment process route is combed, thereby ensuring that the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the exit pupil of the convergence system, obtaining wave aberration meeting the system requirement, avoiding repeated blind adjustment and reducing the adjustment difficulty.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for adjusting a long-focus compact optical system, comprising:
setting up an adjustment reference by using the main mirror (3) and the laser interferometer (1), installing a secondary mirror component based on the adjustment reference to form a telescopic system, adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system, and locking the position of a secondary mirror (4) of the secondary mirror component;
an inner focusing auto-collimator (2) is arranged at the back of a secondary mirror (4) of the telescopic system, and the focusing auto-collimator (2) and the optical path of the secondary mirror (4) in the telescopic system are connected in series;
removing secondary mirror components, installing a folding mirror assembly to a telescopic system, carrying out shaft connection on two folding mirrors of the folding mirror assembly, installing a converging mirror group shaft connection tool (8) into a converging lens cone (7) and installing the converging mirror group shaft connection tool into the converging system, and respectively adjusting the positions of the folding mirrors under different modes of a focusing autocollimator (2) so that an output light path and a return light path of the focusing autocollimator (2) are parallel;
removing a converging lens group tandem tool (8), assembling a converging lens into a converging lens barrel (7), moving a secondary lens component into the system and connecting the secondary lens component with a main lens component, and removing an inner focusing auto-collimator (2) to finish the primary adjustment of a telescopic system and a converging system;
a standard plane reflector (10) perpendicular to the light beam is arranged at the output end of the convergence system, and the position of the turning mirror is adjusted according to the coma item analyzed by the wave aberration of the optical system until the exit pupil of the telescopic system coincides with the entrance pupil of the convergence system; and adjusting the position of the convergence system according to the defocusing term of wave aberration analysis of the optical system until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum, namely finishing the adjustment of the optical system.
2. The tuning method of a long focal length compact optical system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of establishing a tuning reference comprises:
aligning the primary mirror (3) with the laser interferometer (1);
placing a standard ball (9) at the focus of the main mirror (3);
synchronously adjusting the azimuth and pitching postures of the main mirror (3) and the standard ball (9) until the emergent ray of the laser interferometer (1) is parallel to the optical axis of the main mirror;
the laser interferometer (1) measures the surface shape of the main mirror (3) to obtain a minimum value, and the position of the main mirror (3) is locked;
the optical axis formed by the main mirror (3) and the quasi-laser interferometer (1) is used as an adjustment reference for the current adjustment.
3. The method for adjusting a long-focus compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the image quality of the telescopic system comprises:
placing a standard ball (9) at the focus of the telescopic system;
synchronously moving the positions of the secondary mirror (4) and the standard sphere (9) in the horizontal and vertical directions until the coma aberration value is minimum in Zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system;
synchronously moving the positions of the secondary mirror (4) and the standard sphere (9) along the optical axis direction until the spherical difference value is minimum in Zernike analysis of the wave aberration measured value of the telescopic system;
and fixing a secondary mirror (4) of the secondary mirror component and a secondary mirror bracket;
at this time, the image quality adjustment of the telescopic system is completed.
4. The method of adjusting a long-focal length compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the step of aligning the focusing autocollimator (2) with the optical path of the secondary mirror (4) in the secondary mirror part is:
in the auto-collimation mode of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2), the azimuth and pitching attitude of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) are adjusted;
until the back parts of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) and the secondary mirror (4) are self-aligned;
in an inner focusing auto-collimator (2) in an inner focusing mode,
adjusting the focal length of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) until a cross line on the back of the secondary mirror (4) can be observed through the inner focusing auto-collimator (2);
the position of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) is adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) observes that the center of a cross line on the back of the quasi-secondary mirror (4) is imaged at the origin of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2);
the optical path tandem of the focusing auto-collimator (2) and the secondary mirror (4) in the secondary mirror component is completed.
5. The method for adjusting a long-focal-length compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the steps of adjusting the positions of the turning mirrors in different modes of the focusing autocollimator (2) so that the output optical path and the return optical path of the focusing autocollimator (2) are parallel are as follows:
wherein the two turning mirrors are a first turning mirror (5) and a second turning mirror (6);
under the auto-collimation mode of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2), the positions of the first turning mirror (5) and the second turning mirror (6) are twisted, so that the reflecting surface of the tandem tool (8) of the converging mirror group and the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) are self-aligned;
under an internal focusing mode, the internal focusing autocollimator (2) translates the position of the second turning mirror (6) in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the center of a cross line of the converging mirror group tandem tool (8) is imaged and positioned at the origin of the internal focusing autocollimator (2);
at this time, the output optical path of the focusing autocollimator (2) is parallel to the return optical path.
6. The method for mounting a long-focus compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the step of mounting an inner focusing autocollimator (2) is:
aligning the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) to the back of the secondary mirror (4);
the height of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) is adjusted to make the center of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) and the center of the secondary mirror (4) have the same height;
the installation of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2) is completed.
7. The method for adjusting a long-focus compact optical system according to claim 5, wherein the step of fine-adjusting the position of the turning mirror according to the coma term of the wave aberration analysis of the optical system comprises:
when the coma aberration analysis coma aberration term of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, the position of the second turning mirror (6) is finely adjusted in the horizontal and vertical directions;
when the coma aberration term of the wave aberration analysis of the optical system is less than 0.01, the position adjustment of the turning mirror is not performed.
8. The method for adjusting a long-focal-length compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the position of the converging system according to the defocus term in the zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system comprises:
if the absolute value of the defocus term in the Zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is more than or equal to 0.01, translating the position of the convergence system along the optical axis direction until the wave aberration value of the optical system is minimum;
if the absolute value of the defocus term in the zernike analysis value of the wave aberration of the optical system is less than or equal to 0.01, the wave aberration value is minimum at this time, and adjustment is not needed.
9. The method of tuning a long focal length compact optical system of claim 1, further comprising, after moving the secondary mirror element into the system:
judging whether the back of the secondary mirror (4) is self-aligned with the inner focusing auto-collimator (2), and judging whether a cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is positioned at the original point of the inner focusing auto-collimator (2);
if both the secondary mirror parts are connected with the primary mirror part;
if one of the images is not, the secondary mirror (4) and the secondary mirror support are disassembled, and the image quality of the telescopic system is readjusted until the back of the secondary mirror (4) is self-aligned with the inner focusing autocollimator (2), and the cross image intersection point of the back of the secondary mirror is positioned at the origin of the inner focusing autocollimator (2).
10. The method for adjusting a long-focal length compact optical system according to claim 1, wherein the back of the secondary mirror (4) is coated with a reflective film in the visible light band, and wherein the cross line of the back is not coated with a film.
CN202311356176.6A 2023-10-18 2023-10-18 Method for adjusting long-focus compact optical system Pending CN117406466A (en)

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