CN110579887B - Catadioptric common-aperture system centering assembly and adjustment method containing relay lens group - Google Patents

Catadioptric common-aperture system centering assembly and adjustment method containing relay lens group Download PDF

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CN110579887B
CN110579887B CN201910881551.6A CN201910881551A CN110579887B CN 110579887 B CN110579887 B CN 110579887B CN 201910881551 A CN201910881551 A CN 201910881551A CN 110579887 B CN110579887 B CN 110579887B
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lens group
centering
relay lens
primary mirror
optical axis
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CN110579887A (en
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左晓舟
惠刚阳
张燕
刘伟光
刘欣
石凯
马爱秋
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Xian institute of Applied Optics
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/62Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/18Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
    • G02B7/182Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of precise assembly and adjustment of an optical system with high imaging quality, and discloses a centering assembly and adjustment method of a catadioptric common-aperture system with a relay lens group. According to the centering assembly and adjustment method for correcting the assembly position error of the relay lens group, the centering assembly and adjustment reference of the common-aperture system is established, the reference conversion is realized by utilizing the characteristic parts of key gold workpieces, the same reference is used in the whole centering assembly and adjustment process, and the centering precision is ensured; optical intervals of all lenses are not required to be secondarily adjusted after the lenses are assembled into the relay lens barrel, and a method for selecting an optical axis in the centering process of the multi-lens relay lens group is provided, so that the centering accuracy of the system is guaranteed; the eccentricity error of the main mirror is calculated by the chromatic aberration sensor according to the change track of the measurement signal, so that the centering and adjustment of the main mirror are realized, and the calibration precision of the optical axis of the main mirror is greatly improved compared with the existing methods of surface centering, laser centering and spherical center reflection imaging.

Description

Catadioptric common-aperture system centering assembly and adjustment method containing relay lens group
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precise assembly and adjustment of an optical system with high imaging quality, and relates to a centering assembly and adjustment method of a catadioptric common-aperture system with a relay lens group.
Background
The multispectral common-path optical system is a core component of a multiband integrated photoelectric observing and aiming system and is a key for realizing long-distance and high-resolution detection of the observing and aiming system. This type of optical system generally includes a Cassegrain primary and secondary lens systems and a relay lens group to form a catadioptric common-aperture system (a telescopic afocal system or a focal system having a primary image plane), as shown in FIG. 1. And then, spectral splitting is carried out through a spectroscope, so that the infrared band and the television band are imaged respectively. Obviously, the installation and adjustment quality of the front-end common-aperture system composed of the card system and the relay lens group is the key for ensuring the imaging quality of the whole optical system. Aiming at the conventional adjusting method of the system, the optical axes of two reflectors in the Cassegrain primary mirror system and the secondary mirror system are ensured to be strictly superposed, so that the wave aberration of the Cassegrain primary mirror system and the Cassegrain secondary mirror system meets the design requirement. For example, the invention patent "an R-C reflex system optical-mechanical adjusting method", patent No. 201510776913.7; the invention relates to a method for assembling and adjusting a Ka optical component, which is disclosed in patent No. 201710447501.8; and a paper of the small F number Cassegrain system debugging technology published in laser and infrared engineering in 2011, 9 months, and the like, all introduce some debugging methods related to the primary mirror system and the secondary mirror system.
In the actual assembly and adjustment process of the product, the applicant finds that after the relay lens group and the rear-end infrared and television imaging channels are assembled and integrated on the basis of ensuring the assembly and adjustment requirements of the primary and secondary lens systems, the imaging quality and the optical axis direction of each channel still have larger deviation from the design expectation. Through analysis, the problem is mainly caused by the assembling position error of the relay lens group. Because the focal length of the relay lens group is far smaller than that of the cassette system, the position error of the relay lens group can multiply the optical axis deviation of the system, so that incident light enters a rear-end sensor channel in the form of off-axis light which is not the principal ray, and the reduction of imaging quality and the deviation of the optical axis are caused. The above patents and documents do not propose a concept and a method for solving the assembling position error of the relay lens group.
In 2011, 7 months, in the literature of technical research on assembly and adjustment of infrared optical systems of cassegrain published in photoelectric engineering, a method for assembling and adjusting a cassette system with a relay lens group is provided, and the method is fundamentally different from the invention in that a cross reticle is placed at the focal plane position of a primary lens system and a secondary lens system in the literature, the optical axis of the primary lens system and the secondary lens system is judged according to the circle drawing condition that the cross reticle rotates along with a turntable, the relay lens group is assembled on the basis, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the relay lens group are subjected to double-sided centering, so that the method has the following problems:
1. introducing a positioning error of the cross reticle at the focal plane position of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, wherein the focal position is not a real optical axis of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror;
2. the relay lens group is usually a multi-lens group comprising more than two lenses, and the eccentricity error of the assembly is also one of the error sources of the whole system after assembly and integration. On the basis, the connecting line of the spherical images of the upper and lower surfaces of the relay lens group cannot represent the optimal optical axis of the multi-lens group, and therefore, the position error of the relay lens group assembly is not really corrected.
In addition, the catadioptric common-aperture system comprising the relay lens group sometimes adopts an integral optimization mode in an optical design stage, at the moment, the primary mirror system and the secondary mirror system are not perfect for imaging any more, and the assembly and adjustment of the primary mirror system and the secondary mirror system cannot be completed on an interferometer at first.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
The purpose of the invention is: the method solves the problems existing in the prior art of assembling and adjusting the catadioptric common-aperture system containing the relay lens group, and provides a high-precision and high-efficiency method for realizing the assembling and adjusting of the catadioptric common-aperture system.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a centering adjustment method for a catadioptric common-aperture system comprising a relay lens group, comprising the following steps:
step 1: centering and assembling the primary mirror by taking the end face of the primary mirror frame and the axis of the mounting inner hole of the primary mirror as a reference to form a primary mirror assembly, so that the optical axis of the primary mirror is coaxial with the reference axis of the primary mirror frame;
step 2: respectively processing the excircle and the end face of a lens frame of each lens group in the relay lens group by taking the optical axis of each lens group as a reference, ensuring that the optical axis of each lens is superposed with the mechanical axis of the corresponding lens frame, and assembling each lens group into a relay lens cone;
and step 3: erecting the primary mirror assembly on a rotary table of a central deviation measuring instrument, aligning the end surface of the primary mirror frame with a reference inner hole, and coinciding the optical axis of the primary mirror with the rotary shaft of the rotary table of the central deviation measuring instrument;
and 4, step 4: assembling the relay lens group on the main lens frame by taking the end face of the relay lens barrel as a reference, measuring the eccentric error of the optical axis of the relay lens group and the rotary table rotating shaft by using a central deviation measuring instrument, and adjusting the installation position of the relay lens group by translation and cushion trimming to ensure that the eccentric difference of the optical axis of the relay lens group and the rotary table rotating shaft conforms to a design expected value;
and 5: erecting the standard plane mirror in front of the laser interferometer to enable the end face of the standard plane mirror to be perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer; assembling the main lens group and the secondary lens into the lens frame to form a main lens system and a secondary lens system, erecting the main lens system and the secondary lens system between the interferometer and a standard plane mirror, adjusting the lens frame by taking the end face of the main lens frame as a reference, enabling the optical axis of the interferometer to be vertical to the end face of the main lens frame, adjusting the spatial position of the secondary lens, enabling the wave aberration of the common-aperture system measured by the interferometer to accord with a design expected value, and thus finishing the centering assembly and adjustment of the catadioptric common-aperture system.
In the step 1, the main mirror frame is hollow, an annular circumferential boss with the thickness of 1mm is designed on the back surface of the main mirror frame, and the perpendicularity between the hole reference and the boss and the parallelism between the boss and the main mirror mounting surface are superior to a set value.
In the step 1, the primary mirror is centered by using a chromatic aberration sensor.
In step 1, the chromatic aberration sensor receives a measurement signal obtained by reflecting the output light on the surface of the primary mirror, the measurement signal represents the distance between the chromatic aberration sensor and a measurement point, the primary mirror rotates for a circle, and a deviation value between a set of measured measurement signals is better than a set allowable value, so that the completion of eccentricity correction of the primary mirror is indicated.
In the step 2, the lens frame of the lens group is turned, and meanwhile, the distance between the end face of the lens frame and the top point of the spherical surface of the lens meets a designed preset value.
In step 2, the installation end face of the lens group frame in the relay lens barrel is parallel to the assembly reference plane 11-1, and the parallelism is better than a set value.
In the step 4, two spherical center image points with the largest distance in the optical axis direction in the spherical center images of the plurality of lenses of the relay lens group are respectively found by using the decentration measuring instrument, and the connection line of the two points is used as the optical axis of the relay lens group for centering.
(III) advantageous effects
The catadioptric common-aperture system centering and adjusting method provided by the technical scheme has the following advantages:
1. according to the centering assembly and adjustment method for correcting the assembling position error of the relay lens group, the centering assembly and adjustment reference of the common-aperture system is established, the reference conversion is realized by utilizing the characteristic parts of the key gold workpieces, the same reference is used in the whole centering assembly and adjustment process, and the centering precision is ensured.
2. Aiming at the relay lens group, by utilizing the method of the invention, the optical interval does not need secondary adjustment after each lens is assembled into the relay lens barrel, and the optical axis selection method in the centering process of the relay lens group with multiple lenses is provided, thereby ensuring the correctness of system centering.
3. The invention solves the difficult problem of the installation and adjustment of the catadioptric common-aperture system of the imperfect imaging of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and the method is also suitable for the compensation installation and adjustment process of the imperfect imaging primary mirror and the imperfect imaging secondary mirror system.
4. In the invention, the eccentricity error of the main mirror is calculated by utilizing the chromatic aberration sensor according to the change track of the measurement signal, thereby realizing the centering and adjusting of the main mirror.
5. The invention adopts common standard equipment such as a central deviation measuring instrument, a laser interferometer and the like to realize adjustment, and has simple adjustment and measuring light path and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a catadioptric common-aperture system including a relay lens group as an object of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the primary mirror assembly shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of primary mirror assembly centering adjustment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relay lens group shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing positions of the respective lens groups shown in fig. 4 reflecting the spherical center image.
In the figure: 1. a primary mirror assembly; 2. a secondary mirror assembly; 3. a relay lens group; 4. a support cylinder; 5. an aspherical primary mirror; 6. a main frame; 7. a color difference sensor; 8. a precision turntable; 11. a relay lens barrel; 12. a first lens group; 13. a second lens group; 14. and a third lens group.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The invention discloses a centering and adjusting method of a catadioptric common-aperture system with a relay lens group, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: centering and assembling the primary mirror by taking the end face of the primary mirror frame and the axis of the mounting inner hole of the primary mirror as a reference to form a primary mirror assembly, so that the optical axis of the primary mirror is coaxial with the reference axis of the primary mirror frame;
step 2: respectively processing the excircle and the end face of a lens frame of each lens group in the relay lens group by taking the optical axis of each lens group as a reference, ensuring that the optical axis of each lens is superposed with the mechanical axis of the corresponding lens frame, and assembling each lens group into a relay lens cone;
and step 3: erecting the primary mirror assembly on a rotary table of a central deviation measuring instrument, aligning the end surface of the primary mirror frame with a reference inner hole, and coinciding the optical axis of the primary mirror with the rotary shaft of the rotary table of the central deviation measuring instrument;
and 4, step 4: assembling the relay lens group on the main lens frame by taking the end face of the relay lens barrel as a reference, measuring the eccentric error of the optical axis of the relay lens group and the rotary table rotating shaft by using a central deviation measuring instrument, and adjusting the installation position of the relay lens group by translation and cushion trimming to ensure that the eccentric difference of the optical axis of the relay lens group and the rotary table rotating shaft conforms to a design expected value;
and 5: erecting the standard plane mirror in front of the laser interferometer to enable the end face of the standard plane mirror to be perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer; assembling the main lens group and the secondary lens into the lens frame to form a main lens system and a secondary lens system, erecting the main lens system and the secondary lens system between the interferometer and a standard plane mirror, adjusting the lens frame by taking the end face of the main lens frame as a reference, enabling the optical axis of the interferometer to be vertical to the end face of the main lens frame, adjusting the spatial position of the secondary lens, enabling the wave aberration of the common-aperture system measured by the interferometer to accord with a design expected value, and thus finishing the centering assembly and adjustment of the catadioptric common-aperture system.
In the step 1, the main mirror frame is designed to be hollow, an annular circumferential boss with the thickness of 1mm is designed on the back surface of the main mirror frame, and the perpendicularity between the hole reference and the boss and the parallelism between the boss and the main mirror mounting surface are superior to a set value.
In the step 1, the primary mirror is centered by using a chromatic aberration sensor, the chromatic aberration sensor receives a measurement signal after output light is reflected by the surface of the primary mirror, the measurement signal represents the distance between the chromatic aberration sensor and a measurement point, the primary mirror rotates for a circle, the deviation value between a group of measured measurement signals is superior to a set allowable value, and if the deviation value is 1 mu m, the eccentricity correction of the primary mirror is finished; this step is intended to ensure the centering accuracy of the primary mirror in the primary mirror frame.
In the step 2, turning the lens frame of the lens group, and simultaneously ensuring that the distance between the end surface of the lens frame and the top point of the spherical surface of the lens meets a designed preset value; the installation end face of the lens group frame in the relay lens barrel is parallel to the assembly reference surface 11-1, and the parallelism is superior to a set value.
In the step 4, two spherical center image points with the largest distance in the optical axis direction in the spherical center images of the plurality of lenses of the relay lens group are respectively found by using the decentration measuring instrument, and the connecting line of the two points is used as the optical axis of the relay lens group for centering.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the catadioptric common-aperture system with a relay lens group is composed of a primary lens assembly 1, a secondary lens assembly 2, a relay lens group 3 and a support cylinder 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the primary mirror assembly 1 includes an aspherical primary mirror 5 and a primary mirror frame 6. The main spectacle frame 6 is designed to be hollow, the back of the main spectacle frame is provided with a 1mm annular circumferential boss 6-1, and the main spectacle frame is provided with a reference end surface 6-2 and a reference hole 6-3 which are used for reference transmission in the whole centering assembly and adjustment process;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a primary mirror assembly centering adjustment system, which comprises a primary mirror assembly 1, a chromatic aberration sensor 7 and a precision turntable 8. The chromatic aberration sensor can convert the eccentric error of the aspheric primary mirror 5 into a measurement signal to be displayed in a computer in real time, and outputs the change track of the signal, thereby being convenient for guiding adjustment and correction.
The relay lens group 3 includes a relay lens barrel 11, a first lens group 12, a second lens group 13, and a third lens group 14, as shown in fig. 4. The relay lens barrel 11 is provided with a reference mounting plane 11-1 and a reference hole 11-2 and used for transmitting the assembling reference of the relay lens group.
The three lens groups in the relay lens group 3 have eight reflection spherical central images, which are respectively 12-1, 12-2, 12-3, 13-1, 13-2, 13-3, 14-1 and 14-2, and the position relationship along the optical axis direction is shown in fig. 5.
The method for centering and adjusting the catadioptric common-aperture system with the relay lens group comprises the following steps of:
step 1: erecting a main mirror frame 6 on a precision rotary table 8, centering and assembling the main mirror by using a chromatic aberration sensor 7 to form a main mirror assembly 1 by taking the end surface of the main mirror frame 6 and the axis of a main mirror installation inner hole as a reference, and ensuring that the optical axis of the main mirror is coaxial with the reference axis of the main mirror frame 6;
step 2: respectively processing the excircle and the end face of a lens frame by taking the optical axis of each lens group in the relay lens group 3 as a reference, ensuring that the optical axis of each lens is superposed with the mechanical axis of the corresponding lens frame, and assembling each lens group into a relay lens barrel 11;
and step 3: erecting the primary mirror assembly 1 on a rotary table of a central deviation measuring instrument, aligning the end face of a primary mirror frame and a reference inner hole, and coinciding the optical axis of the primary mirror with the rotary shaft of the rotary table of the central deviation measuring instrument;
and 4, step 4: assembling the relay lens group 3 on the main lens frame 6 by taking the end surface of the relay lens barrel 11 as a reference, measuring the spherical center deviation of two spherical center image points with the largest distance in the optical axis direction of the relay lens group 3 by using a center deviation measuring instrument, measuring the eccentric error between the relay lens group and a rotary shaft of a rotary table by taking the connecting line of the two points as an optimal optical axis, and adjusting the installation position of the relay lens group by translation and cushion correction to ensure that the eccentric difference of the optical axis of the relay lens group 3 accords with a design expected value;
and 5: erecting a standard plane mirror in front of a laser interferometer to enable the end face of the standard plane mirror to be perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer; assembling the main lens group and the secondary lens into the lens bracket to form a main lens system and a secondary lens system, erecting the system between the interferometer and the plane mirror, adjusting the lens bracket by taking the end face of the main lens frame as a reference, enabling the optical axis of the interferometer to be vertical to the end face, adjusting the spatial position of the secondary lens, enabling the wave aberration of the common-aperture system to accord with a design expected value, and thus finishing centering assembly and adjustment of the catadioptric common-aperture system.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A catadioptric common-aperture system centering and adjusting method containing a relay lens group is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: centering and assembling the primary mirror by taking the end face of the primary mirror frame and the axis of the mounting inner hole of the primary mirror as a reference to form a primary mirror assembly, so that the optical axis of the primary mirror is coaxial with the reference axis of the primary mirror frame;
step 2: respectively processing the excircle and the end face of a lens frame of each lens group in the relay lens group by taking the optical axis of each lens group as a reference, ensuring that the optical axis of each lens is superposed with the mechanical axis of the corresponding lens frame, and assembling each lens group into a relay lens cone;
and step 3: erecting a primary mirror assembly on a rotary table of a central deviation measuring instrument, aligning the end surface of a primary mirror frame and a mounting inner hole of a primary mirror, and coinciding the optical axis of the primary mirror with the rotary shaft of the rotary table of the central deviation measuring instrument;
and 4, step 4: assembling the relay lens group on the main lens frame by taking the end face of the relay lens barrel as a reference, measuring the eccentric error of the optical axis of the relay lens group and the rotary table rotating shaft by using a central deviation measuring instrument, and adjusting the installation position of the relay lens group by translation and cushion trimming to ensure that the eccentric difference of the optical axis of the relay lens group and the rotary table rotating shaft conforms to a design expected value;
and 5: erecting the standard plane mirror in front of the laser interferometer to enable the end face of the standard plane mirror to be perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer; assembling the main lens group and the secondary lens into the lens frame to form a main lens system and a secondary lens system, erecting the main lens system and the secondary lens system between the interferometer and a standard plane mirror, adjusting the lens frame by taking the end face of the main lens frame as a reference, enabling the optical axis of the interferometer to be vertical to the end face of the main lens frame, adjusting the spatial position of the secondary lens, enabling the wave aberration of the common-aperture system measured by the interferometer to accord with a design expected value, and thus finishing the centering assembly and adjustment of the catadioptric common-aperture system.
2. The center adjustment method for catadioptric common-aperture system with relay lens group according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the main lens frame is hollow and has a circular boss with a thickness of 1mm on its back, and the perpendicularity between the hole reference and the boss and the parallelism between the boss and the main lens mounting surface are better than the set values.
3. The catadioptric common-aperture system centering method of claim 2, wherein in step 1, the primary mirror is centered by a chromatic aberration sensor.
4. The catadioptric common-aperture system centering method of claim 3, wherein in step 1, the chromatic aberration sensor receives a measurement signal obtained by reflecting the output light by the surface of the primary mirror, the measurement signal is indicative of a distance between the chromatic aberration sensor and a measurement point, and the primary mirror rotates for one revolution, and a deviation value between a set of measurement signals is better than a set tolerance value, indicating that the primary mirror eccentricity correction is completed.
5. The catadioptric common-aperture system centering and adjusting method of claim 4, wherein in the step 2, the lens frame is turned while ensuring the distance between the end surface of the lens frame and the top of the spherical surface of the lens to satisfy the design predetermined value.
6. The catadioptric common-aperture system centering and adjusting method of claim 5, wherein in step 2, the mounting end face of the lens frame in the relay lens barrel is parallel to the mounting reference plane (11-1), and the parallelism is better than the set value.
7. The catadioptric common-aperture system centering method of claim 6, wherein in step 4, the decentration measuring device is used to find two spherical center image points with the largest distance in the optical axis direction in the spherical center images of the plurality of lenses of the relay lens group, and the connecting line of the two points is used as the optical axis of the relay lens group for centering.
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