CN111122121B - Method for constructing small-F-number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path - Google Patents
Method for constructing small-F-number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path Download PDFInfo
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- CN111122121B CN111122121B CN202010013788.5A CN202010013788A CN111122121B CN 111122121 B CN111122121 B CN 111122121B CN 202010013788 A CN202010013788 A CN 202010013788A CN 111122121 B CN111122121 B CN 111122121B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of optical detection, in particular to a method for constructing a small-F-number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path. The problem that a traditional small-F-number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path is difficult to build is solved. The invention utilizes the convergent light spot to quickly make the optical axes of the interferometer and the hyperboloid mirror to be detected collinear, determines the accurate position of the spherical mirror and finally completes the construction of the detection light path with high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical detection, and relates to a quick and efficient convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path construction method. The problem that a traditional small-F-number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path is difficult to build is solved.
Background
The Cassegrain system is an important reflection type telescope system, the primary mirror is a concave paraboloid, and the secondary mirror is a convex hyperboloid. The small F number of times of the mirror can shorten the length of the system, so that the structure is more compact, and the space is saved. A detection light path can be built by using an aberration-free method aiming at the measurement of the convex hyperboloid mirror. The smaller the F number of the secondary mirror is, the larger the influence of the deviation of each dimensionality of the placement positions of the secondary mirror and the compensation spherical mirror on the image point is. Even an experienced operator can spend a great deal of time constructing a small F-number hyperboloid measurement detection optical path.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to quickly and efficiently construct a convex hyperboloid aberration-free detection light path, greatly shorten the time for roughly adjusting and searching image points in the early stage, quickly and efficiently construct the light path, and shorten the time for constructing the whole light path to 1/3-1/4.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a method for constructing a small-F-number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: processing the front surface of the spherical mirror into a concave surface, processing the back surface of the spherical mirror into a plane, polishing the spherical mirror and forming a through hole in the center; preparing two five-dimensional adjusting frames for placing the spherical mirror and the hyperboloid mirror to be measured respectively, and placing the spherical mirror and the hyperboloid mirror to be measured in sequence along the same optical axis in the emergent light direction of the interferometer; setting the emergent light direction of the interferometer as an x axis, the horizontal direction of the interferometer as a y axis and the vertical direction of the emergent light as a z axis;
step two: rotating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror along the y axis and the z axis to enable the back reflection image point of the spherical mirror to be positioned in the center of the display screen of the interferometer; translating a five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror along the directions of the y axis and the z axis to enable the spherical mirror to be positioned at the center of a plane wave emitted by an interferometer, wherein the plane wave emitted by the interferometer passes through a spherical mirror through hole and then irradiates on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, is reflected to the surface of the spherical mirror by the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and returns to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured again after being reflected by the spherical mirror;
step three: translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction, finding out the reflected convergent light spots, wherein two light spots can be seen on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, namely the reflected and converged bright light spots and the light spots directly illuminated on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured by the interferometer through holes of the spherical mirror;
step four: translating and rotating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the directions of the y axis and the z axis to enable two light spots to simultaneously irradiate the center of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured and calculate the focal length f of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, wherein the formula is as follows:
f = r *(sqrt(-k) + 1)/((-k) - 1)
in the formula, r is the radius of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and k is the quadratic term coefficient of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured;
step five: taking away the spherical mirror, mounting a spherical standard lens on the interferometer, and translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction to enable the distance between the hyperboloid mirror to be measured and the focus of the spherical standard lens of the interferometer to be f;
step six: placing the spherical mirror, and repeating the second step to enable the optical axis of the spherical mirror to be superposed with the optical axis of the interferometer; spherical waves emitted by the interferometer penetrate through the spherical mirror through hole and then irradiate on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, are reflected to the surface of the spherical mirror through the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and return to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured again through the spherical mirror;
step seven: calculating the translation distance L, and the formula is as follows:
L= r *(sqrt(-k) - 1)/(2*((-k) - 1))
step eight: and adjusting the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction, finding the reflected convergent light spot, translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror to the direction close to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, wherein the translation distance is L, and the returned image point is positioned near the convergent point of the interferometer.
Compared with the existing light path building means, the invention has the following advantages:
1. correcting the optical axis of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured by utilizing the convergence point of the spherical mirror for the first time; the second time uses the convergence point to determine the position of the spherical mirror.
2. The method is simple and reliable, can quickly find the image point and saves time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the plane wave incidence and spherical mirror convergence used in the construction process of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of spherical wave incidence and spherical mirror convergence during the construction process of the invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of an actual optical path for the application of the present invention.
1-interferometer, 2-hyperboloid mirror to be measured and 3-spherical mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and systematically explained in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described herein are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention. The method is described by taking R =49.4mm, k = -2.235, convex hyperboloid with aperture of 40mm and spherical mirror radius of 80mm as an example.
The method comprises the following steps: processing the front surface of the spherical mirror into a concave surface, processing the back surface of the spherical mirror into a plane, polishing the spherical mirror and forming a through hole in the center; preparing two five-dimensional adjusting frames for placing the spherical mirror and the hyperboloid mirror to be measured respectively, and placing the spherical mirror and the hyperboloid mirror to be measured in sequence along the same optical axis in the emergent light direction of the interferometer; setting the emergent light direction of the interferometer as an x axis, the horizontal direction of the interferometer as a y axis and the vertical direction of the emergent light as a z axis;
step two: rotating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror along the y axis and the z axis to enable the back reflection image point of the spherical mirror to be positioned in the center of the display screen of the interferometer; translating a five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror along the directions of the y axis and the z axis to enable the spherical mirror to be positioned at the center of a plane wave emitted by an interferometer, wherein the plane wave emitted by the interferometer passes through a spherical mirror through hole and then irradiates on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, is reflected to the surface of the spherical mirror by the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and returns to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured again after being reflected by the spherical mirror;
step three: translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction, finding out the reflected convergent light spots, wherein two light spots can be seen on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, namely the reflected and converged bright light spots and the light spots directly illuminated on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured by the interferometer through holes of the spherical mirror, as shown in fig. 1;
step four: translating and rotating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the directions of the y axis and the z axis to enable two light spots to simultaneously irradiate the center of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured and calculate the focal length f of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, wherein the formula is as follows:
f = r *(sqrt(-k) + 1)/((-k) - 1) = 99.8mm
in the formula, r is the radius of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and k is the quadratic term coefficient of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured;
step five: taking away the spherical mirror, mounting a spherical standard lens on the interferometer, and translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction to enable the distance between the hyperboloid mirror to be measured and the focus of the spherical standard lens of the interferometer to be f;
step six: placing the spherical mirror, and repeating the second step to enable the optical axis of the spherical mirror to be superposed with the optical axis of the interferometer; spherical waves emitted by the interferometer penetrate through the spherical mirror through hole and then irradiate on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, are reflected to the surface of the spherical mirror through the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and return to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured again through the spherical mirror;
step seven: calculating the translation distance L, and the formula is as follows:
L ≈ r *(sqrt(-k) - 1)/(2*((-k) - 1)) = 10mm
step eight: and (3) adjusting the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction, finding out the reflected convergent light spot, as shown in fig. 2, translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror towards the direction close to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, wherein the translation distance is L, and the returned image point is positioned near the convergent point of the interferometer, as shown in fig. 3.
Claims (1)
1. A method for constructing a small F number convex hyperboloid reflector detection light path is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: processing the front surface of the spherical mirror into a concave surface, processing the back surface of the spherical mirror into a plane, polishing the spherical mirror and forming a through hole in the center; preparing two five-dimensional adjusting frames for placing the spherical mirror and the hyperboloid mirror to be measured respectively, and placing the spherical mirror and the hyperboloid mirror to be measured in sequence along the same optical axis in the emergent light direction of the interferometer; setting the emergent light direction of the interferometer as an x axis, the horizontal direction of the interferometer as a y axis and the vertical direction of the emergent light as a z axis;
step two: rotating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror along the y axis and the z axis to enable the back reflection image point of the spherical mirror to be positioned in the center of the display screen of the interferometer; translating a five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror along the directions of the y axis and the z axis to enable the spherical mirror to be positioned at the center of a plane wave emitted by an interferometer, wherein the plane wave emitted by the interferometer passes through a spherical mirror through hole and then irradiates on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, is reflected to the surface of the spherical mirror by the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and returns to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured again after being reflected by the spherical mirror;
step three: translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction, finding out the reflected convergent light spots, wherein two light spots can be seen on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, namely the reflected and converged bright light spots and the light spots directly illuminated on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured by the interferometer through holes of the spherical mirror;
step four: translating and rotating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the directions of the y axis and the z axis to enable two light spots to simultaneously irradiate the center of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured and calculate the focal length f of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, wherein the formula is as follows:
f＝r*(sqrt(-k)+1)/((-k)-1)
in the formula, r is the radius of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and k is the quadratic term coefficient of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured;
step five: taking away the spherical mirror, mounting a spherical standard lens on the interferometer, and translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction to enable the distance between the hyperboloid mirror to be measured and the focus of the spherical standard lens of the interferometer to be f;
step six: placing the spherical mirror, and repeating the second step to enable the optical axis of the spherical mirror to be superposed with the optical axis of the interferometer; spherical waves emitted by the interferometer penetrate through the spherical mirror through hole and then irradiate on the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, are reflected to the surface of the spherical mirror through the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, and return to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured again through the spherical mirror;
step seven: calculating the translation distance L, and the formula is as follows:
L≈r*(sqrt(-k)-1)/(2*((-k)-1))
step eight: and adjusting the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the hyperboloid mirror to be measured along the x-axis direction, finding the reflected convergent light spot, translating the five-dimensional adjusting frame of the spherical mirror to the direction close to the hyperboloid mirror to be measured, wherein the translation distance is L, and the returned image point is positioned near the convergent point of the interferometer.
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| CN115981023B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-08-30 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Hyperboloid or ellipsoidal reflector optical axis precise calibration device and calibration method |
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