CN112859357A - Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging method - Google Patents
Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging method, which utilizes a large-caliber collimator, an internal focusing telescope and a standard ball and utilizes an auto-collimation method to realize the consistency debugging of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror of a Cassegrain system. The standard sphere is placed in a central hole of the primary mirror, the sphere center of the standard sphere is positioned on the axis of the central hole of the primary mirror, the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror and the standard sphere center are self-aligned by utilizing the focusing function of the inner focusing telescope, so that the curvature center image and the standard sphere center image are simultaneously positioned on the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope, and the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope is the optical axis of the primary mirror. And adjusting the position of the secondary mirror to enable the optical axis of the secondary mirror to be coaxial with the optical axis of the internal focusing telescope, thereby completing the consistency debugging of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. The method can effectively improve the assembly efficiency and the adjustment quality of the consistency of the optical axis of the Cassegrain system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical machine installation and debugging, and relates to a method for debugging consistency of primary and secondary mirror optical axes of a Cassegrain system.
Background
The Cassegrain system comprises two reflectors, a primary reflector is a concave aspheric surface, a secondary reflector is a convex aspheric surface, two reflector axial centers are arranged on an optical axis, and the center of the mirror surface of the primary reflector is provided with a hole to allow light to pass through. Due to the structural particularity, the optical axis of the single reflecting surface cannot be determined, so that the phenomenon that the emergent optical axis deviates from the theoretical design position occurs in the debugging process of a product, and the subsequent installation and the debugging of an optical system are influenced seriously; meanwhile, in the assembling and adjusting process, the coaxiality of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is difficult to ensure, so that the assembling precision of the Cassegrain system cannot meet the design requirement, and the imaging quality can be influenced in serious cases. Therefore, the primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency adjustment technology is one of the research hotspots in the field of optical adjustment. At present, the Cassegrain system is mainly adjusted by a centering turning adjusting method, a three-coordinate measuring centering adjusting method, a computer-aided adjusting method, a centering adjusting method of a central deviation measuring instrument and the like at home and abroad, the adjusting equipment is expensive, and the adjusting method is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
The purpose of the invention is: the method for debugging the consistency of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in the Cassegrain system ensures the coaxiality of the main optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in the Cassegrain system by using equipment such as an assembling and adjusting platform, a collimator, an internal focusing telescope, a standard ball and the like, and has the characteristics of simple debugging method, high debugging efficiency and high consistency precision of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for debugging the consistency of the optical axes of a primary mirror and a secondary mirror of a Cassegrain system. The standard ball is characterized in that the surface of the ball body is well matched with the inner wall of a central hole of the primary mirror, and the matching clearance is controlled within 0.005 mm. The consistency of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is adjusted by using an auto-collimation method, so that the assembly efficiency and quality of the Cassegrain system can be effectively improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
vertically placing a primary mirror, erecting an internal focusing telescope A opposite to a reflecting surface of the primary mirror, and requiring that the height of an optical axis of the internal focusing telescope A is basically consistent with the central height of the primary mirror;
adjusting the focal length of the internal focusing telescope A, enabling an emergent light beam of the internal focusing telescope A to form a self-alignment image after passing through the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror, and finely adjusting the position of the internal focusing telescope A to require that the self-alignment image center is superposed with the self-division center of the internal focusing telescope A;
placing a standard ball at the center hole of the primary mirror, adjusting the focal length of the internal focusing telescope A, realizing self-alignment of the center of the standard ball, finely adjusting the position of the primary mirror, enabling the self-alignment image center to coincide with the self-division center of the internal focusing telescope A, focusing again to the self-alignment at the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror, and repeatedly adjusting until the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror and the center of the standard ball are both positioned on the optical axis of the internal focusing telescope A, wherein the optical axis of the internal focusing telescope A represents the optical axis of the primary mirror at the moment;
an inner focusing telescope B is arranged on the back of the primary mirror, and the inner focusing telescope A and the inner focusing telescope B are focused to parallel light and then are in through sight through a central hole of the primary mirror, so that a debugging optical axis is established. Removing the inner focusing telescope A, equipotentially exchanging the collimator, and finely adjusting the position of the collimator to ensure that the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope B is coaxial with the optical axis of the collimator, as shown in FIG. 3;
and mounting a secondary mirror, focusing the inner focusing telescope B, imaging the division image of the collimator through the Cassegrain system in the field of view of the inner focusing telescope B, finely adjusting the position of the secondary mirror, enabling the division image center of the collimator to coincide with the division cross of the inner focusing telescope B, fixing the position of the secondary mirror, and completing the alignment of the optical axis consistency of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror of the Cassegrain system.
(III) advantageous effects
The Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging method provided by the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. the main mirror strictly controls the coaxial precision of the main mirror central hole and the main mirror optical axis when being processed, then the central axis of the main mirror through hole is skillfully positioned by applying the standard sphere center auto-collimation method and the principle that the distance from the standard sphere to the sphere center is equal everywhere, then the inner focusing telescope respectively auto-collimates the curvature center and the standard sphere center of the reflecting surface, the optical axis position of the reflecting surface of the main mirror is accurately calibrated, and the technical problem that the optical axis cannot be determined due to a single reflecting surface in the past is solved.
2. The method has the advantages of simple and easy debugging method, high debugging precision, good imaging effect, no need of expensive debugging equipment and the like.
3. The system optical axis calibrated by the auto-collimation method can be used as a debugging reference of a subsequent optical system, so that the system debugging reference precision is greatly improved, and the debugging difficulty of the system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the primary mirror optical axis of a Cassegrain system calibrated by an internal focusing telescope A
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the coaxiality of the optical axis A of the inner focusing telescope and the optical axis B of the inner focusing telescope
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing that the optical axis of an inner focusing telescope B is coaxial with the optical axis of a collimator
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the consistency of the primary and secondary lens optical axes
1-primary mirror, 2-standard sphere, 3-internal focusing telescope A, 4-internal focusing telescope B, 5-collimator and 6-secondary mirror.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The method for debugging the consistency of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror of the Cassegrain system provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: an inner focusing telescope A3 is arranged on the reflecting surface side of the primary mirror 1 for calibrating the optical axis of the primary mirror 1
Referring to fig. 1, the main mirror optical axis calibration process is as follows:
step 1.1: the primary mirror 1 is vertically arranged, an inner focusing telescope A3 is erected opposite to the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 1, and the height of the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope A3 is required to be basically consistent with the central height of the primary mirror 1.
Step 1.2: and (3) adjusting the focal length of the inner focusing telescope A3 to enable the emergent light beam of the inner focusing telescope A3 to form a self-alignment image after passing through the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 1 and being reflected by the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 1, and finely adjusting the position of the inner focusing telescope A3 to require that the self-alignment image center is coincided with the partition center of the inner focusing telescope A3.
Step 1.3: the standard ball 2 is placed in the center hole of the primary mirror 1, the focal length of the inner focusing telescope A3 is adjusted, the spherical center self-alignment of the standard ball 2 is realized, the position of the primary mirror 1 is finely adjusted, the self-alignment image center of the standard ball 2 is overlapped with the self-division center of the inner focusing telescope A3, the standard ball is focused again to the self-alignment of the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 1, the adjustment is repeated until the curvature center of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 1 and the spherical center of the standard ball 2 are both positioned on the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope A3, and at the moment, the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope A3 represents the optical.
Step two: an inner focusing telescope B4 is arranged on the back of the primary mirror 1, and the inner focusing telescope A3 and the inner focusing telescope B4 are adjusted to be coaxial
Referring to fig. 2, an inner focusing telescope B4 is placed on the back of the primary mirror 1, and the inner focusing telescope A3 and the inner focusing telescope B4 focus to parallel light and then see through a central hole of the primary mirror 1 to establish a debugging optical axis.
Step three: removing the inner focusing telescope A3, replacing the collimator 5, adjusting the collimator 5 and the inner focusing telescope B4 to be coaxial
Referring to FIG. 3, the inner focusing telescope A3 is removed, the collimator 5 is replaced, and the position of the collimator 5 is finely adjusted so that the optical axis of the inner focusing telescope B4 is coaxial with the optical axis of the collimator 5.
Step four: the secondary mirror 6 is installed, and the optical axes of the primary mirror 1 and the secondary mirror 6 are adjusted to be consistent
Referring to fig. 4, the secondary mirror 6 is installed, the inner focusing telescope B4 is focused, the division image of the collimator 5 is imaged in the field of view of the inner focusing telescope B4 after passing through the cassegrain system, the position of the secondary mirror 6 is finely adjusted, the division image center of the collimator 5 is overlapped with the division cross of the inner focusing telescope B4, and the primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency adjustment of the cassegrain system is completed after the position of the secondary mirror 6 is fixed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: an inner focusing telescope A (3) is arranged on the reflecting surface side of the primary mirror (1) and used for calibrating the optical axis of the primary mirror (1);
step two: an inner focusing telescope B (4) is arranged on the back of the primary mirror (1), and the inner focusing telescope A (3) and the inner focusing telescope B (4) are adjusted to be coaxial;
step three: removing the inner focusing telescope A (3), replacing the same position with a collimator (5), and adjusting the collimator (5) to be coaxial with the inner focusing telescope B (4);
step four: and (3) installing the secondary mirror (6) and adjusting the optical axes of the primary mirror (1) and the secondary mirror (6) to be consistent.
2. The method for debugging the consistency of the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror of the Cassegrain system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the calibration process of the optical axes of the primary mirror is as follows:
step 1.1: vertically placing a primary mirror (1), erecting an internal focusing telescope A (3) opposite to a reflecting surface of the primary mirror (1), and requiring that the height of an optical axis of the internal focusing telescope A (3) is consistent with the height of the center of the primary mirror (1);
step 1.2: adjusting the focal length of an inner focusing telescope A (3), so that an emergent light beam of the inner focusing telescope A (3) forms a self-alignment image after passing through the curvature center of a reflecting surface of a primary mirror (1) and being reflected by the reflecting surface of the primary mirror (1), and finely adjusting the position of the inner focusing telescope A (3) to require that the self-alignment image center is overlapped with the self-division center of the inner focusing telescope A (3);
step 1.3: putting into standard ball (2) in primary mirror (1) centre bore department, adjust internal focusing telescope A (3) focus, the center of sphere of realization to standard ball (2) is self-aligned, finely tune primary mirror (1) position, make standard ball (2) self-aligned image center and internal focusing telescope A (3) self divide the center coincidence, focus again to primary mirror (1) plane of reflection camber center department self-alignment, adjust repeatedly, until primary mirror (1) plane of reflection camber center and standard ball (2) center of sphere all are located the optical axis of internal focusing telescope A (3), internal focusing telescope A (3) optical axis has represented the optical axis of primary mirror (1) this moment.
3. The method for debugging the consistency of the optical axes of the primary and secondary lenses of the Cassegrain system according to claim 2, wherein in the second step, an inner focusing telescope B (4) is placed on the back surface of the primary lens (1), and the inner focusing telescope A (3) and the inner focusing telescope B (4) are focused to parallel light and then are viewed through the central hole of the primary lens (1), so that a debugging optical axis is established, and the coaxiality of the inner focusing telescope A (3) and the inner focusing telescope B (4) is realized.
4. The Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging method according to claim 3, characterized in that in the fourth step, a secondary mirror (6) is installed, the internal focusing telescope B (4) is focused, the divided image of the collimator (5) is imaged in the field of view of the internal focusing telescope B (4) after passing through the Cassegrain system, the position of the secondary mirror (6) is finely adjusted, the divided image center of the collimator (5) is superposed with the divided cross of the internal focusing telescope B (4), and the position of the secondary mirror (6) is fixed, so that the Cassegrain system primary and secondary mirror optical axis consistency debugging is completed.
5. The use of the method of any of claims 1-4 for tuning the consistency of the primary and secondary mirror optical axes of a cassegrain system in the field of optical machine tuning.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279687A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Measuring device and measuring method for relative deflection of primary mirror and secondary mirror |
| CN115754978A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-03-07 | 安徽科创中光科技股份有限公司 | Optical axis parallel adjusting method based on laser transmitting system and telescope receiving system |
| CN115981023A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-04-18 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Hyperboloid or ellipsoidal reflector optical axis precision calibration device and calibration method |
| CN116047785A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-02 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Precise calibration device and calibration method for optical axis of parabolic reflector |
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| SU1027668A1 (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-07-07 | Предприятие П/Я А-1705 | System of astronomical kassegren telescope having complex aperture |
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| CN110596910A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Method for assembling and adjusting common-aperture optical system with secondary mirror focusing mechanism |
| CN110716321A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Off-axis two-mirror system assembling and adjusting method |
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2021
- 2021-01-20 CN CN202110075721.9A patent/CN112859357A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| SU1027668A1 (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-07-07 | Предприятие П/Я А-1705 | System of astronomical kassegren telescope having complex aperture |
| CN108196378A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | A kind of cassette optical system alignment method |
| CN110596910A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Method for assembling and adjusting common-aperture optical system with secondary mirror focusing mechanism |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114279687A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Measuring device and measuring method for relative deflection of primary mirror and secondary mirror |
| CN114279687B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-01-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Measuring device and measuring method for relative deflection of primary mirror and secondary mirror |
| CN115754978A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-03-07 | 安徽科创中光科技股份有限公司 | Optical axis parallel adjusting method based on laser transmitting system and telescope receiving system |
| CN115754978B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-06-06 | 安徽科创中光科技股份有限公司 | Optical axis parallel adjustment method based on laser emission system and telescope receiving system |
| CN115981023A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-04-18 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Hyperboloid or ellipsoidal reflector optical axis precision calibration device and calibration method |
| CN116047785A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-02 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Precise calibration device and calibration method for optical axis of parabolic reflector |
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Application publication date: 20210528 |