CN117054053B - Device and method for calibrating focal plane of reflecting telescope - Google Patents
Device and method for calibrating focal plane of reflecting telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN117054053B CN117054053B CN202311029401.5A CN202311029401A CN117054053B CN 117054053 B CN117054053 B CN 117054053B CN 202311029401 A CN202311029401 A CN 202311029401A CN 117054053 B CN117054053 B CN 117054053B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0207—Details of measuring devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0207—Details of measuring devices
- G01M11/0214—Details of devices holding the object to be tested
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of calibration of focal planes of reflecting telescope, and discloses a device and a method for calibrating the focal planes of the reflecting telescope. The device and the method for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope are adopted, and the detector is replaced by the auxiliary adjustment device for ultra-precise turning, so that the position and the posture of the focal plane can be determined in real time according to interference fringes, the device and the method are suitable for rapid and precise adjustment of an optical system of the reflecting telescope, the adjustment efficiency is improved, and the development period and the cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of focal plane calibration of reflecting telescopes, in particular to a device and a method for calibrating the focal plane of a reflecting telescope.
Background
The reflecting telescope is an optical telescope that uses a combination of curved and planar mirrors to reflect light and form an image. The objective lens used in the reflective telescope is a concave lens, and has a spherical surface and an aspherical surface. The performance of a reflective telescope depends largely on the objective lens used. The commonly used spherical objective lens has the characteristic of easy processing, but if the designed telescope focal ratio is smaller, more serious optical spherical aberration can occur; at this time, since the parallel rays cannot be precisely focused at one point, the object image will become blurred. Thus, the objective lens of the large caliber, powerful reflective telescope is usually of an aspheric design, and the most common aspheric objective lens is a parabolic objective lens. Because of the geometrical characteristics of the paraboloids, the light rays parallel to the optical axis of the objective lens are accurately converged on the focus, so that the image quality can be greatly improved. However, even parabolic telescopes still exhibit off-axis aberrations, and therefore, spatially reflective telescopes often employ two-or multiple-reflecting aspheric design configurations.
The accurate calibration of the focal plane of the space reflection telescope is a precondition for clear imaging of the telescope on orbit. For a telescope with a larger field of view, in order to realize high-resolution imaging of the whole field of view of the telescope, the position and the angle of the focal plane of the telescope need to be controlled and calibrated simultaneously in the process of adjustment. Under the traditional adjustment process, the focal plane calibration of the telescope adopts a collimator as an incident light source, the telescope is arranged on a precise two-dimensional angle displacement table, a detector is placed on the focal plane of the telescope, an image of a focus point acquired by the detector is obtained after the posture adjustment of the telescope, the focal plane is determined by gradually adjusting the position and the posture of the detector according to the test result of the focus point, the test mode is limited in that the result of the focus point on the whole focal plane is required to be acquired before each adjustment, the adjustment process has no visual characteristic, and the test period is too long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for calibrating a focal plane of a reflecting telescope, which solve the problems that the conventional telescope focal plane calibrating method in the background art cannot be visualized and the testing period is long.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a device for calibrating the focal plane of a reflecting telescope, which comprises an auxiliary adjusting device and a telescope assembly, wherein the telescope assembly comprises a lens barrel, the lens barrel is arranged on a two-dimensional adjusting table, a telescope primary mirror, a primary mirror compensator and a telescope secondary mirror are arranged in the lens barrel, one side of the lens barrel is provided with an interferometer, and the auxiliary adjusting device is arranged on the other side of the lens barrel.
Preferably, the auxiliary adjusting device comprises a mounting plane for simulating a mounting surface of the detector, a reference plane for determining an optical axis of the telescope and a reference spherical surface for determining a focal plane of the detector, and a top-pulling screw with an angle adjusting function is arranged on the mounting plane.
Preferably, the mounting plane is connected to the detector mounting surface of the lens barrel by a jacking screw.
A method for reflective telescope focal plane calibration, comprising the steps of:
firstly, detecting the distance between the mounting plane and the vertex of the reference sphere on line by utilizing an optical probe, wherein the distance is the same as the distance from the mounting surface of the detector to the target surface, and processing and detecting the auxiliary adjusting device for later use;
step two, mounting a telescope tube onto a two-dimensional adjusting table, mounting a telescope primary mirror into the tube, and adjusting the optical axes of the telescope primary mirror and an interferometer coaxially by using a primary mirror compensator;
step three, the main lens compensator is disassembled, the auxiliary adjusting device is mounted on the detector mounting surface of the lens cone, and the top pulling screw is finely adjusted, so that reflected light of a reference plane on the auxiliary adjusting device is self-aligned back to the interferometer, and zero stripes are adjusted on the interferometer;
step four, installing a telescope secondary mirror, adjusting the distance and the gesture between a telescope primary mirror and the telescope secondary mirror, focusing incident parallel light of an interferometer to the sphere center of a reference sphere through the telescope primary mirror and the telescope secondary mirror, and then autocollimating the interferometer, wherein when the telescope secondary mirror is debugged to have zero stripes and has no astigmatic aberration, the focal plane position is the sphere center of the reference sphere of the auxiliary debugging device, and the focal plane gesture is parallel to the reference plane;
and fifthly, measuring the clearance between the auxiliary adjusting device and the mounting surface of the lens cone detector by using a feeler gauge, and manufacturing a wedge-shaped cushion block to replace the detector for testing.
Preferably, the auxiliary adjusting device is manufactured by ultra-precise turning, and the base material of the auxiliary adjusting device is aluminum alloy
Therefore, the device and the method for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope have the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention replaces a detector with the ultra-precise turning auxiliary adjustment device, can determine the focal plane position and the focal plane gesture in real time according to interference fringes, is suitable for rapid and precise adjustment of the optical system of the reflecting telescope, improves the adjustment efficiency, and reduces the development period and the cost;
(2) The method for adjusting the reflecting telescope can be applied to special optical systems which cannot adopt a focusing mechanism and are not suitable for working in laboratory environments, and is more convenient.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-precise turning auxiliary adjusting device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating online detection of an auxiliary adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a method for calibrating a focal plane of a reflective telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a third schematic diagram illustrating a method for calibrating a focal plane of a reflective telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for calibrating a focal plane of a reflective telescope according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. An auxiliary adjustment device; 101. a mounting plane; 102. a reference plane; 103. a reference spherical surface; 104. jacking and pulling the screw; 2. an optical probe; 3. a lens barrel; 4. a two-dimensional adjustment table; 5. telescope primary mirror; 6. a primary mirror compensator; 7. an interferometer; 8. telescope secondary mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below through the attached drawings and the embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that elements or items preceding the word are included in the element or item listed after the word and equivalents thereof, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, which may also be changed when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the device for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope according to the invention comprises an auxiliary adjusting device 1 and a telescope assembly, wherein the telescope assembly comprises a lens barrel 3, the lens barrel 3 is arranged on a two-dimensional adjusting table 4, a telescope primary mirror 5, a primary mirror compensator 6 and a telescope secondary mirror 8 are arranged in the lens barrel 3, an interferometer 7 is arranged on one side of the lens barrel 3, and the auxiliary adjusting device 1 is arranged on the other side of the lens barrel 3. The auxiliary adjusting device 1 comprises a mounting plane 101 for simulating a detector mounting surface, a reference plane 102 for determining the optical axis of the telescope, and a reference sphere 103 for determining the focal plane of the detector, wherein a top pulling screw 104 is arranged on the mounting plane 101. The mounting plane 101 is connected to the probe mounting surface of the lens barrel 3 by a jack screw 104. The angle of the mounting plane 101 is controlled by adjusting the top-pull screws 104 at three locations on the mounting plane 101.
The auxiliary adjusting device 1 is manufactured by ultra-precise turning, the base material of the auxiliary adjusting device 1 is made of aluminum alloy, and the surface shape precision of the turning is better than 0.1 micrometer.
The invention discloses a method for calibrating a focal plane of a reflecting telescope, which comprises the following steps:
step one, as shown in fig. 2, the distance between the mounting plane 101 and the vertex of the reference sphere 103 is detected on line by using the optical probe 2, the distance is consistent with the distance from the mounting surface of the detector to the target surface, the positioning test precision is better than 0.2 micrometer, and the auxiliary adjustment device 1 is processed and detected for later use.
In the second step, as shown in fig. 3, the telescope tube 3 is mounted on the two-dimensional adjustment table 4, the telescope primary mirror 5 is mounted in the tube 3, and the telescope primary mirror 5 is adjusted coaxially with the optical axis of the interferometer 7 using the primary mirror compensator 6.
Step three, as shown in fig. 4, the main mirror compensator 6 is disassembled, the auxiliary adjusting device 1 is mounted on the detector mounting surface of the lens barrel 3, and the top pulling screw 104 is finely adjusted, so that the reflected light of the reference plane 102 on the auxiliary adjusting device 1 is self-aligned back to the interferometer 7, and zero fringes are debugged on the interferometer 7.
Step four, as shown in fig. 5, the telescope secondary mirror 8 is installed, the distance and the posture between the telescope primary mirror 5 and the telescope secondary mirror 8 are adjusted, the incident parallel light of the interferometer 7 is focused to the sphere center of the reference sphere 103 through the telescope primary mirror 5 and the telescope secondary mirror 8 and then is auto-collimated back to the interferometer 7, when the telescope secondary mirror 8 is debugged to have zero stripes and no astigmatic aberration, the telescope is debugged, the focal plane position is the sphere center of the reference sphere 103 of the auxiliary debugging device 1, and the focal plane posture is parallel to the reference plane 102.
And fifthly, accurately measuring the gap between the auxiliary adjusting device 1 and the mounting end surface by using a feeler gauge, and manufacturing a wedge-shaped cushion block, so that the detector can be replaced for testing.
Therefore, the device and the method for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope are adopted, and the detector is replaced by the auxiliary adjustment device for ultra-precise turning, so that the focal plane position and the focal plane gesture can be determined in real time according to interference fringes, the device and the method are suitable for rapid and precise adjustment of an optical system of the reflecting telescope, the adjustment efficiency is improved, and the development period and the cost are reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting it, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme of the invention can be modified or replaced by the same, and the modified technical scheme cannot deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope is based on a device for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope, wherein the device for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope comprises an auxiliary adjusting device and a telescope assembly, the telescope assembly comprises a lens barrel, the lens barrel is arranged on a two-dimensional adjusting table, a telescope primary mirror, a primary mirror compensator and a telescope secondary mirror are arranged in the lens barrel, an interferometer is arranged on one side of the lens barrel, and the auxiliary adjusting device is arranged on the other side of the lens barrel; the auxiliary adjusting device comprises an installation plane for simulating the installation surface of the detector, a reference plane for determining the optical axis of the telescope and a reference spherical surface for determining the focal plane of the detector, and a top-pulling screw with an angle adjusting function is arranged on the installation plane; the mounting plane is connected with the detector mounting surface of the lens cone through a jacking screw;
the method for calibrating the focal plane of the reflecting telescope comprises the following steps:
firstly, detecting the distance between the mounting plane and the vertex of the reference sphere on line by utilizing an optical probe, wherein the distance is the same as the distance from the mounting surface of the detector to the target surface, and processing and detecting the auxiliary adjusting device for later use;
step two, mounting a telescope tube onto a two-dimensional adjusting table, mounting a telescope primary mirror into the tube, and adjusting the optical axes of the telescope primary mirror and an interferometer coaxially by using a primary mirror compensator;
step three, the main lens compensator is disassembled, the auxiliary adjusting device is mounted on the detector mounting surface of the lens cone, and the top pulling screw is finely adjusted, so that reflected light of a reference plane on the auxiliary adjusting device is self-aligned back to the interferometer, and zero stripes are adjusted on the interferometer;
step four, installing a telescope secondary mirror, adjusting the distance and the gesture between a telescope primary mirror and the telescope secondary mirror, focusing incident parallel light of an interferometer to the sphere center of a reference sphere through the telescope primary mirror and the telescope secondary mirror, and then autocollimating the interferometer, wherein when the telescope secondary mirror is debugged to have zero stripes and has no astigmatic aberration, the focal plane position is the sphere center of the reference sphere of the auxiliary debugging device, and the focal plane gesture is parallel to the reference plane;
and fifthly, measuring the clearance between the auxiliary adjusting device and the mounting surface of the lens cone detector by using a feeler gauge, and manufacturing a wedge-shaped cushion block to replace the detector for testing.
2. The method for reflecting telescope focal plane calibration according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary adjusting device is manufactured by ultra-precise turning, and the base material of the auxiliary adjusting device is aluminum alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311029401.5A CN117054053B (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Device and method for calibrating focal plane of reflecting telescope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311029401.5A CN117054053B (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Device and method for calibrating focal plane of reflecting telescope |
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| CN117054053A CN117054053A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
| CN117054053B true CN117054053B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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Citations (5)
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| CN103487929A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for adjusting optical axis and focal plane of soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet combined type telescope |
| RU2690723C1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-05 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство обороны Российской Федерации | Method and device for automatic adjustment of mirror telescopes |
| CN111006855A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-14 | 长光卫星技术有限公司 | Method and device for calibrating optical axis of large-caliber off-axis reflective vacuum parallel light tube |
| CN115981023A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-04-18 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Hyperboloid or ellipsoidal reflector optical axis precision calibration device and calibration method |
| CN116047785A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-02 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Precise calibration device and calibration method for optical axis of parabolic reflector |
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2023
- 2023-08-16 CN CN202311029401.5A patent/CN117054053B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103487929A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for adjusting optical axis and focal plane of soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet combined type telescope |
| RU2690723C1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-05 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство обороны Российской Федерации | Method and device for automatic adjustment of mirror telescopes |
| CN111006855A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-14 | 长光卫星技术有限公司 | Method and device for calibrating optical axis of large-caliber off-axis reflective vacuum parallel light tube |
| CN115981023A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-04-18 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Hyperboloid or ellipsoidal reflector optical axis precision calibration device and calibration method |
| CN116047785A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-05-02 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Precise calibration device and calibration method for optical axis of parabolic reflector |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| Development of imaging x-ray telescopes at Tongji University;Zhanshan Wang 等;Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems;20191231;全文 * |
| 极紫外、X射线和中子薄膜光学元件与系统;王占山 等;光学学报;20210131;第41卷(第1期);全文 * |
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