CN116430602A - Optical axis consistency debugging method of clamping type folding axis telescopic objective lens - Google Patents
Optical axis consistency debugging method of clamping type folding axis telescopic objective lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN116430602A CN116430602A CN202310441678.2A CN202310441678A CN116430602A CN 116430602 A CN116430602 A CN 116430602A CN 202310441678 A CN202310441678 A CN 202310441678A CN 116430602 A CN116430602 A CN 116430602A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/62—Optical apparatus specially adapted for adjusting optical elements during the assembly of optical systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0221—Testing optical properties by determining the optical axis or position of lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0018—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for preventing ghost images
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for debugging the consistency of an optical axis of a clamping type folding shaft telescopic objective lens, which aims to solve the problems of low efficiency, poor precision and poor stability of the existing debugging method. The debugging method provided by the invention is that the first through hole is arranged in the center of the aspheric secondary mirror, the back surface of the aspheric secondary mirror is arranged to be in a plane structure perpendicular to the central axis of the aspheric secondary mirror, a plane reflection reference is formed, the indirect is used as the optical axis reference in the later debugging step, the debugging work of system wave phase difference detection and the consistency of optical axes of all components can be finished simultaneously in an auto-collimation interference detection optical path, the step of calibrating an installation plane reflecting mirror component is saved, and the optical axis consistency debugging efficiency and the adjusting precision and stability are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a clamping type folding axis telescopic optical system, in particular to a method for debugging the consistency of an optical axis of a clamping type folding axis telescopic objective lens.
Background
A high orbit satellite can cover almost the whole hemisphere to form a regional communication system, and a communication telescope system with a larger caliber is required because of the long communication distance of the high orbit satellite.
For a large-caliber communication telescopic system, the traditional optical axis consistency debugging method needs to lead out an independent optical axis of a main mirror assembly by using an optical reticle tool to serve as a main optical axis pointing reference for debugging of a secondary mirror assembly and other assemblies. A plane reflecting mirror component is installed outside the bearing cylinder to mark the direction of an optical axis, or a cross reticle tool is installed on the central shaft of the main mirror component to mark the direction of a main optical axis. The method has a process step of debugging and overlapping the reference reticle and the optical axis, reduces debugging efficiency, is not suitable for an optical-mechanical system with compact structure and no space for installing an optical axis pointing tool, and has poor precision and stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for debugging the consistency of the optical axis of a clamping type folding shaft telescopic objective lens, which aims to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, poor precision and poor stability of the existing debugging method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a method for adjusting the consistency of the optical axis of a card type folding axis telescopic objective lens, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, processing and setting the back surface of a secondary mirror in a telescope objective lens to be debugged into a plane perpendicular to a central axis of the secondary mirror, plating a reflecting film on the plane, and simultaneously setting a first through hole along the direction of the central axis of the secondary mirror; the back surface of the secondary mirror is a surface far away from the main mirror in the telescope objective lens to be debugged;
step 4, placing a telescope objective lens to be debugged between the plane reflecting mirror and the interferometer, so that a main mirror of the telescope objective lens is opposite to the interferometer, and a secondary mirror of the telescope objective lens is opposite to the plane reflecting mirror; adjusting the posture of the telescope objective lens to be debugged to enable the back surface of the secondary lens to be collimated with parallel light emitted by the theodolite;
focusing the theodolite to infinity, enabling the parallel light emitted by the theodolite to pass through a first through hole in the center of the secondary mirror and then reach the folding shaft mirror, reflecting the parallel light through the folding shaft mirror to form reflected light, enabling the reflected light to be self-aligned to the theodolite by the optical reticle, and adjusting the posture of the folding shaft mirror to enable the self-alignment image of the self-aligned theodolite to coincide with the center of the theodolite;
step 9, focusing the theodolite to a limited distance, and translating an adjusting reference tool along the optical axis direction of the reflected light so that the center of the optical reticle coincides with the center of the theodolite;
step 10, repeating the steps 8 to 9 for a plurality of times until the self-alignment image and the through-center image observed in the theodolite are overlapped with the center of the theodolite;
and 12, removing the reference tool, installing an eyepiece, translating the adjusting eyepiece along the optical axis direction of the reflected light, enabling the defocus amount in the system wave phase difference of the telescope objective lens to be debugged to be smaller than or equal to a second preset value, translating the adjusting eyepiece along the direction perpendicular to the reflected light, enabling the coma amount in the system wave phase difference of the telescope objective lens to be debugged to be smaller than or equal to a third preset value, and completing the consistency debugging of the optical axis of the telescope objective lens to be debugged.
Further, the method further comprises a secondary mirror centering step after the step 1 and before the step 2:
a reference reflector, a secondary mirror seat and a secondary mirror are sequentially arranged on a centering platform of the vertical centering instrument from bottom to top; the back surface of the secondary mirror and the reference reflector are irradiated by parallel light emitted by the vertical centering instrument; and adjusting the posture of the secondary mirror on the secondary mirror seat (15) to enable the self-alignment image reflected by the secondary mirror to coincide with the self-alignment image reflected by the reference reflecting mirror, and then installing the secondary mirror and the secondary mirror seat on the telescope objective to be debugged.
Further, in step 3, the aperture of the second through hole in the center of the plane mirror is 50mm.
Further, the first preset value in step 6, the second preset value in step 12, and the third preset value are all 0.01.
Further, in step 7, the surface shape of the optical reticle is less than or equal to 0.02λ, where λ is the wavelength of light emitted by the interferometer.
Further, in step 1, the aperture of the first through hole arranged on the secondary mirror is 8mm.
Further, in step 6, when the sub-mirror is translated, the sub-mirror seat is translated and trimmed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the debugging method provided by the invention is that the first through hole is arranged in the center of the aspheric secondary mirror, the back surface of the aspheric secondary mirror is arranged to be in a plane structure perpendicular to the central axis of the aspheric secondary mirror, a plane reflection reference is formed, the indirect is used as the optical axis reference in the later debugging step, the debugging work of system wave phase difference detection and the consistency of optical axes of all components can be finished simultaneously in an auto-collimation interference detection optical path, the step of calibrating an installation plane reflecting mirror component is saved, and the optical axis consistency debugging efficiency and the adjusting precision and stability are improved.
2. The first through hole arranged in the center of the secondary mirror can also eliminate stray light, and the debugging precision of the consistency of the optical axis is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a telescope objective lens to be debugged according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention proceeding to step 5;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention proceeding to step 7;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention proceeding to step 12;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a secondary mirror centering step according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
01-reflecting light;
1-a telescope objective lens to be debugged, 11-a secondary lens, 12-a primary lens, 13-a folding axis lens, 14-an ocular lens, 15-a secondary lens seat, 16-a force bearing cylinder, 2-an interferometer, 3-a theodolite, 4-a plane reflector, 5-a reference tool, 6-a vertical centering instrument and 7-a reference reflector.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the telescopic objective 1 to be debugged is generally composed of a main lens assembly, a secondary lens assembly, an eyepiece lens assembly, a telescopic lens assembly and a force bearing barrel 16. Wherein the primary lens component and the secondary lens component form a telescopic objective lens group. Wherein the primary mirror assembly includes a primary mirror 12 and a primary mirror frame, the secondary mirror assembly includes a secondary mirror 11 and a secondary mirror frame, and the eyepiece assembly includes an eyepiece 14, an eyepiece frame, and an eyepiece barrel. The main mirror assembly is assembled with the force bearing cartridge 16 after conventional centering operations.
The sub-mirror 11 is an aspherical mirror, and the back surface (non-working surface which does not act as a return for incident light) is designed and processed into a plane strictly perpendicular to the optical axis of the sub-mirror reflecting surface (working surface which is coated with a highly reflective film and acts as a reflection for incident light), and a reflecting film is coated on the plane. Centering and debugging the secondary mirror assembly by taking the plane on the back of the secondary mirror 11 as a reference, and then loading the secondary mirror assembly into the bearing cylinder 16. That is, the back of the sub-mirror 11 is the optical axis direction of the telescopic objective lens group, and when the parallel light is incident in the optical axis direction in strict alignment, the image point formed by the focal plane position of the telescopic objective lens is the actual focal point position. The actual main optical axis of the telescopic objective can be calibrated by the optical axis direction and the focus position. The folding shaft lens is used for folding the actual main optical axis of the telescopic objective lens by 90 degrees to be perpendicular to the mounting end face of the ocular lens and penetrating through the mounting hole of the ocular lens. And the aberration coefficient caused by coaxiality is minimized by carrying out two-dimensional precise adjustment on the telescopic objective lens component and the telescopic eyepiece component. Thus, the optical axis consistency debugging process of the whole card type folding axis telescopic optical system is completed with high precision. The method comprises the following specific steps:
and step 1, after the main mirror 12 and the main mirror frame are assembled, performing precise optical centering processing on the main mirror assembly, and turning the excircle and the end face of the main mirror frame to ensure that the coaxial precision of the excircle of the main mirror frame after turning and the main optical axis of the main mirror 12 is less than or equal to 0.01mm and the end face of the main mirror 12 after turning is strictly vertical to the main optical axis of the main mirror 12. And the fit clearance between the outer circle of the main mirror frame after turning and the installation inner diameter of the main mirror assembly on the force bearing cylinder 16 is 0.15+/-0.01. The main mirror assembly is assembled with the force bearing cartridge 16.
Setting the back of the secondary mirror 11 as a plane perpendicular to the central axis thereof, plating a reflecting film on the plane, and simultaneously setting a first through hole along the central axis direction of the secondary mirror 11, wherein the aperture of the first through hole is 8mm; the back surface of the secondary mirror 11 is a surface far away from the main mirror 12 in the telescope objective 1 to be debugged; after the secondary mirror 11 and the secondary mirror frame are assembled, the secondary mirror assembly is installed in the secondary mirror seat 15, and then the secondary mirror 11 is centered, as shown in fig. 5, specifically, the reference mirror 7, the secondary mirror seat 15 and the secondary mirror 11 are sequentially installed on a centering platform of the vertical centering instrument 6 from bottom to top; parallel light emitted by the vertical centering instrument irradiates the back of the secondary mirror and the reference reflector 7; the self-alignment image reflected by the back surface of the secondary mirror is completely overlapped with the self-alignment image reflected by the reference reflector 7 by debugging the mechanical adjusting mechanism of the secondary mirror assembly. Even if the primary optical axis of the secondary mirror is perpendicular to the mechanical end face of the secondary mirror base, which is linked with the bearing cylinder. And fastening a mechanical adjusting mechanism of the secondary mirror assembly to finish centering debugging of the secondary mirror assembly. And fastening the secondary mirror assembly on the secondary mirror seat, and loading the secondary mirror assembly into the bearing cylinder.
The eyepiece assembly is a transmissive optical system that is assembled using conventional centering processes. Each piece of transmission glass is assembled into the lens frame for fastening, and each lens component is assembled with the lens barrel according to the requirement after the traditional centering processing.
Specifically, the light emitted from the interferometer 2 can be switched between parallel light and converging light by changing the standard lens of the interferometer 2. Placing the theodolite 3 in the center of the optical path of the interferometer 2, focusing to infinity, and strictly paralleling the theodolite with parallel light emitted by the interferometer 2 by adjusting azimuth and pitching; focusing the focused light is achieved by adjusting the left-right and up-down translation so that it coincides exactly with the main optical axis of the interferometer 2.
Specifically, the lens of the interferometer 2 is replaced by a standard plane lens, the inclination of the plane mirror 4 (the center of which is provided with a second through hole with the diameter of 50mm, and the plane shape value is less than or equal to 0.015 lambda) is adjusted to enable the plane mirror 4 to achieve zero fringe alignment with the interferometer 2, and the translation of the plane mirror 4 is adjusted to enable the second through hole to be in the center of the optical path of the interferometer 2.
Step 4, placing the telescope objective 1 to be debugged between the plane reflecting mirror 4 and the interferometer 2, so that a main mirror 12 of the telescope objective is opposite to the interferometer 2, and a secondary mirror 11 is opposite to the plane reflecting mirror 4; the posture of the telescope objective lens 1 to be debugged is regulated, so that the back surface of the secondary mirror 11 is collimated with parallel light emitted by the theodolite 3, namely, the back surface of the secondary mirror 11 is perpendicular to the parallel light emitted by the theodolite 3.
Specifically, the telescope objective 1 to be debugged is placed in the light path, and the back surface of the secondary mirror 11 is self-aligned with the parallel light emitted by the theodolite 3 by adjusting the inclination of the telescope objective group.
And 5, replacing the lens of the interferometer 2 with a standard spherical lens to form a light path shown by a dotted line in fig. 2, and adjusting the telescope objective lens 1 to be debugged in a translational manner along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer 2, so that interference fringes appear in the interferometer 2.
The fit clearance between the outer diameter dimension of 0.01mm and the inner diameter of the eyepiece mounting flange is 0.02mm.
And 8, focusing the theodolite 3 to infinity, enabling the parallel light emitted by the theodolite to pass through a first through hole in the center of the secondary mirror 11 and then reach the folding axis mirror 13, reflecting the parallel light through the folding axis mirror 13 to form reflected light 01, enabling the reflected light 01 to be self-aligned to the theodolite 3 by an optical dividing plate in the reference tool 5, and adjusting the posture of the folding axis mirror 13 to enable a self-alignment image of the self-aligned theodolite 3 to coincide with the center of the theodolite 3.
And 9, focusing the theodolite 3 to a limited distance, and translating the adjusting reference tool 5 along the optical axis direction of the reflected light ray 01 so that the center of the optical reticle coincides with the center of the theodolite 3.
Step 10, repeating the steps 8 to 9 for a plurality of times until the self-alignment image and the through-center image observed in the theodolite 3 are coincident with the center of the theodolite 3.
Specifically, repeating steps 8 to 9 for a plurality of times, observing whether the optical reticle cross wire in the reference fixture 5 coincides with the center of the theodolite 3, and if not, adjusting the reference fixture 5 until the self-alignment image and the through-center image observed in the theodolite 3 coincide with the center of the theodolite 3. In the specific implementation, the self-alignment precision is 3' and the penetration precision is 0.02mm.
And 11, replacing the lens of the interferometer 2 with a standard plane lens, and adjusting the posture of the interferometer 2 relative to the mounting position of the eyepiece of the telescope objective lens 1 to be debugged, so that the posture of the interferometer 2 and the reference tool 5 are in zero stripe self-alignment.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for debugging the consistency of the optical axis of the clamping type folding axis telescopic objective lens is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, processing and setting the back surface of a secondary mirror (11) in a telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged into a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the secondary mirror, plating a reflecting film on the plane, and simultaneously setting a first through hole along the central axis direction of the secondary mirror (11); the back surface of the secondary mirror (11) is a surface far away from the main mirror (12) in the telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged;
step 2, correspondingly arranging an interferometer (2) and a theodolite (3); the interferometer (2) is provided with a standard plane lens, the theodolite (3) is focused to infinity, and the posture of the theodolite (3) is adjusted to enable parallel light emitted by the theodolite (3) to be parallel to parallel light emitted by the interferometer (2); then, the lens of the interferometer (2) is replaced by a standard spherical lens, the theodolite (3) is focused until converging light is emitted, and the posture of the theodolite (3) is adjusted, so that the converging light emitted by the theodolite (3) coincides with the converging light main optical axis emitted by the interferometer (2);
step 3, replacing a lens of the interferometer (2) with a standard plane lens, arranging a plane reflecting mirror (4) with a second through hole in the center between the theodolite (3) and the interferometer (2), adjusting the posture of the plane reflecting mirror (4) to enable the plane reflecting mirror to be in zero stripe self-alignment with the interferometer (2), and enabling the second through hole to be located at the center of a light path of the interferometer (2);
step 4, placing a telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged between the plane reflecting mirror (4) and the interferometer (2) so that a main mirror (12) of the telescope objective lens is opposite to the interferometer (2), and a secondary mirror (11) is opposite to the plane reflecting mirror (4); adjusting the posture of the telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged to enable the back surface of the secondary lens (11) to be aligned with parallel light emitted by the theodolite (3);
step 5, changing a lens of the interferometer (2) into a standard spherical lens, and translating and adjusting the telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer (2) so that interference fringes appear in the interferometer (2);
step 6, measuring the system wave phase difference of the telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged; if the coma component in the system wave phase difference is smaller than or equal to a first preset value, performing step 7; if the coma component in the system wave phase difference is larger than a first preset value, translating the fine tuning secondary mirror (11) along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the interferometer (2) to enable the fine tuning secondary mirror to be smaller than or equal to the first preset value, and then carrying out the step 7;
step 7, installing a reference tool (5) at the installation position of an eyepiece (14) of the telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged; a folding shaft mirror (13) is arranged in the telescope objective (1) to be debugged; the reference tool (5) comprises an optical reticle and an optical reticle frame arranged on the periphery of the optical reticle;
focusing the theodolite (3) to infinity, enabling parallel light emitted by the theodolite to pass through a first through hole in the center of the secondary mirror (11) and then reach the folding axis mirror (13), reflecting the parallel light through the folding axis mirror (13) to form reflected light (01), enabling the reflected light (01) to be self-aligned to the theodolite (3) by an optical reticle, and adjusting the posture of the folding axis mirror (13) to enable the self-alignment image of the self-aligned theodolite (3) to coincide with the center of the theodolite (3);
step 9, focusing the theodolite (3) to a limited distance, and translating and adjusting the reference tool (5) along the optical axis direction of the reflected light (01) so that the center of the optical reticle coincides with the center of the theodolite (3);
step 10, repeating the steps 8 to 9 for a plurality of times until the self-alignment image and the through-center image observed in the theodolite (3) are coincident with the center of the theodolite (3);
step 11, replacing a lens of the interferometer (2) with a standard plane lens, and adjusting the posture of the interferometer (2) relative to the installation position of an eyepiece (14) of the telescope objective lens (1) to be debugged so as to enable the interferometer (2) and the reference tool (5) to achieve zero stripe self-alignment;
step 12, removing the reference tool (5), installing an eyepiece (14), translating and adjusting the eyepiece (14) along the optical axis direction of the reflected light (01), enabling the defocus amount in the system wave phase difference of the telescope objective (1) to be debugged to be smaller than or equal to a second preset value, translating and adjusting the eyepiece (14) along the direction perpendicular to the reflected light (01), enabling the coma amount in the system wave phase difference of the telescope objective (1) to be debugged to be smaller than or equal to a third preset value, and completing the optical axis consistency debugging of the telescope objective (1) to be debugged.
2. The method for adjusting the consistency of the optical axis of the card type folding telescopic objective lens according to claim 1, further comprising the step of centering the secondary mirror (11) after the step 1 and before the step 2:
a reference reflector (7), a secondary mirror seat (15) and a secondary mirror (11) are sequentially arranged on a centering platform of the vertical centering instrument (6) from bottom to top; a reference mirror (7) for irradiating the back surface of the secondary mirror (11) with parallel light emitted from the vertical centering instrument (6); and adjusting the posture of the secondary mirror (11) on the secondary mirror seat (15) to enable the self-alignment image reflected by the secondary mirror (11) to coincide with the self-alignment image reflected by the reference mirror (7), and then installing the secondary mirror (11) and the secondary mirror seat (15) on the telescope objective (1) to be debugged.
3. The optical axis consistency adjustment method of the card type folding axis telescopic objective lens according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step 3, the aperture of the second through hole in the center of the plane reflecting mirror (4) is 50mm.
4. The method for adjusting the consistency of the optical axis of the card type folding axis telescopic objective lens according to claim 3, wherein: the first preset value in step 6, the second preset value in step 12 and the third preset value are all 0.01.
5. The method for adjusting the consistency of the optical axis of the card type folding axis telescopic objective lens according to claim 4, wherein: in step 7, the surface shape of the optical reticle is not more than 0.02λ, where λ is the wavelength of light emitted by the interferometer (2).
6. The method for adjusting the consistency of the optical axis of the card type folding axis telescopic objective lens according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, the aperture of the first through hole arranged on the secondary mirror (11) is 8mm.
7. The method for adjusting the consistency of the optical axis of the card type folding axis telescopic objective lens according to claim 6, wherein: in step 6, when the fine tuning sub-mirror (11) is translated, fine tuning is performed through the translation fine tuning sub-mirror seat (15).
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| CN202310441678.2A CN116430602A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Optical axis consistency debugging method of clamping type folding axis telescopic objective lens |
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| CN202310441678.2A CN116430602A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Optical axis consistency debugging method of clamping type folding axis telescopic objective lens |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117055188A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 长春国宇光学科技有限公司 | Method for installing and adjusting coaxial three-reflector remote sensing optical system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117055188A (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-11-14 | 长春国宇光学科技有限公司 | Method for installing and adjusting coaxial three-reflector remote sensing optical system |
| CN117055188B (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2023-12-12 | 长春国宇光学科技有限公司 | Method for installing and adjusting coaxial three-reflector remote sensing optical system |
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