CN1173620A - Light gathering appts. for utilizing solar energy - Google Patents

Light gathering appts. for utilizing solar energy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1173620A
CN1173620A CN97112620A CN97112620A CN1173620A CN 1173620 A CN1173620 A CN 1173620A CN 97112620 A CN97112620 A CN 97112620A CN 97112620 A CN97112620 A CN 97112620A CN 1173620 A CN1173620 A CN 1173620A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
groove mirror
vacuum
groove
mirror
thermal
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Pending
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CN97112620A
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Chinese (zh)
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温毅
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN97112620A priority Critical patent/CN1173620A/en
Publication of CN1173620A publication Critical patent/CN1173620A/en
Priority to AU76354/98A priority patent/AU7635498A/en
Priority to PCT/CN1998/000082 priority patent/WO1998057103A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

A solar apparatus technically features that an automatically or manually controlled recessed mirror rotate with sun unidirectionally to gather sunlight to stationary vacuum lighting and heat-collecting tubes and the collected heat is transferred out by heat transfer medium in the tubes for effective application, such as generating electricity, heat supply, or purifying water. A gravitation balance device is used for centralized control. Its advantage includes no envinmental pollution.

Description

The novel concentrator formula is utilized solar device
This invention belongs to energy field.
According to " knowledge is power " ' 96 year the 6th phase " energy problem of the world today " one literary composition record: " solar energy accepted every year of the earth has 6 * 10 at least 17Kilowatt hour, this is equivalent to the energy of 74,000,000,000,000 tons of standard coals "." development and use solar energy has two critical problems, and the one, how to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy.The 2nd, reduce cost." " novel solar energy acceptor that the U.S. releases, its thermal energy conversion rate can reach 90% ".
Introduce " containing a large amount of energy leaved for development in the sunlight, one 3 square feet area can be accepted about 1000 watts solar energy in the fine day " according to " external techwatch " 95 year the 4th phase " photovoltaic roof " one literary composition.
According to introducing in " science and technology New Times " ' 96 year the 7th phase " solar electrical energy generation dwelling house ": " photronic cost of electricity-generating is 30 cents of every kilowatt hours, and the electricity charge of general American family electrical network only are 8 cents of every kilowatt hours." " photovoltaic cell module thermal voltage more is low more, and utilization ratio is also just low.”
According to introducing in " science magazine " ' 93 year the 8th phase " super solar furnace ": the condenser that designs according to image-forming principle has two practical problems, the one, the optically focused degree is far below theoretical limit, another is that the sunshine tracking device will be arranged, but this device is relatively heavier, and installation and maintenance bother again.
In order effectively to utilize solar energy, reduce cost of electricity-generating, simplify the equipment of following the tracks of the sun, make the solar energy utilization rapider universal, special this device of invention.
The cardinal principle of this invention is to utilize the heat build-up of groove mirror optically focused to vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube, and effectively utilizes after by the heat transfer medium in the thermal-collecting tube (liquid) heat energy being spread out of.
We all know reflecting surface be sphere a part be called concave mirror, make the concave mirror that is called of reflecting surface with the sphere inner surface.Here we are without concave mirror, but with the thing that is the groove mirror.So-called groove mirror is exactly along the cylinder bus side of a cylinder to be divided into several portions, and we make groove mirror (as Fig. 1) cylindrical high in the length of groove mirror with what certain a part of inner surface was wherein made reflecting surface.A part of circular arc of cylinder bottom surface is the arc of groove mirror, and the string on the arc is wide the groove mirror.The side of groove mirror is also done in cylindrical bottom surface.Bus by the center point P on the groove mirror arc is the top line of groove mirror.The plane of being made up of top line and cylinder circle core shaft is the key light axial plane.After the parallel rays (as sunlight) that is parallel to key light axial plane directive groove mirror is reflected, gather into one section the same long focal line with the groove mirror.Focal line and top line are formed the last bottom of parallel four limit row, and its base angle equates with the angle of inclination of this light (sunlight).Focal line equals half of cylinder bottom surface radius R, that is: f=1/2R to top line apart from f (height of parallelogram just).
According to above situation, we look for a vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube longer slightly than focal line, and it is placed on the position of groove mirror focal line.The sunlight heat of groove mirroring gathering just passes in the interior heat transfer medium of thermal-collecting tube like this.But the sun is not actionless.It not only rotates at east-west direction, and also moves on North and South direction.For the rotation of the sun in a day, as long as we have controlled a kind of direction.If we control the groove mirror and follow the tracks of the sun on east-west directions.Though sunshine had North and South direction to move phenomenon in one day like this, also can be all the time parallel with the key light axial plane of groove mirror, and to gather into one section straight line be focal line; And this focal line moves with the north and south of the sun, Bei Nan also occurs and moves phenomenon, that is to say that the parallelogram base angle is also changing.But do not influence focal length.We just can fix the vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube that is installed on the focal line like this, and control groove mirror rotates around thermal-collecting tube and gets final product.So just help on a large scale by dress; Tracking system has also been simplified a lot.
When the sun just rose, control system must be controlled the groove mirror facing to the sun.In this case, we just must raise the groove mirror, and the while, a handy power was supported the groove mirror, do not allow its tenesmus.Along with the rising of the sun, the groove mirror progressively changes down, to noon groove mirror nature let-down.Have only and at this moment just need not other power and support.After noon, the sun progressively west falls, and the groove mirror progressively raises and lifts.We will make the many consumed energies of control system so if support the groove mirror with a power like this.We utilize lever principle for this reason, and suitable place adds a suitable weight above fulcrum, reaches the purpose with groove mirror balance.This fulcrum can be chosen in the focus place.Therefore we a little external force overcome the purpose that friction when rotating the groove mirror can reach control.So also help very much centralized and unified control.
The novel concentrator formula utilizes the structure (as Fig. 2) of the sun mainly to divide six major parts (1) groove lens array.(2) vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube system.(3) support and base.(4) control system.(5) generate electricity and utilize system.(6) circulatory system.
(1), groove mirror lens array.It is made up of the groove mirror of several direction unanimities.Single groove mirror is made by coat of metal reflective mirror or glass mirror.Can certainly make (, sticking the reflective sheeting of the hard more smooth-going cunning of one deck etc. above) by other reflectorized material as doing end liner with foamed plastics.The groove mirror is a moving part.On its side by side frames is arranged.One ring belt is respectively arranged on bogie side frame.It is to be the ring belt of central shaft with the focal line.By the ring belt on the bogie side frame groove mirror and support are connected together, and can make the groove mirror rotate around vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube.
(2), vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube: it is made up of glass tube with vacuum and thermal-collecting tube and heat transfer medium.Wherein glass tube with vacuum is made up of layer glass, and therebetween must be a vacuum.For the ease of keeping in repair, change by dress, glass tube forms (as Fig. 3) by two lobe gluings.Thermal-collecting tube is welded into pipe network system by tubular materials such as the metal tube binding of hollow.Thermal-collecting tube is surrounded by glass tube with vacuum at groove Jing Jiaoxianchu.Surround by other heat-insulating material in other place.Thermal-arrest casing pack heat transfer liquid, heat transfer liquid can be selected anti-icing fluid or other material of using on the automobile for use.Heat transfer liquid is driven by pump accelerates flow rate.Glass tube with vacuum and thermal-collecting tube are installed on the support respectively.
(3), support and pedestal.They are used for supporting groove mirror and fixing lighting thermal-collecting tube.Support is made of reinforced concrete pipe or steel pipe, and pedestal is made of cement.Support is by be " eight " font on pedestal.Connect two reinforced concrete pipes firm on the splayed top with bolt and top clamping plate.Above the clamping plate of top, be used for fixing (as Fig. 4) part of thermal-collecting tube and glass tube with vacuum in addition.Also by two fasteners are arranged, two steamboats (as Fig. 5) are arranged on each fastener in the place of distance splayed cantilever tip r (ring belt radius).This two steamboat just in time clamps by the ring belt on groove mirror side.Two pulleys that also have two vertical placements at the end of clip wheel root with two steamboats, its sliding friction that mainly is used for reducing groove mirror and fastener is provided with, there are two bracket supports on groove mirror both sides, on each support by two fasteners are arranged, on each fastener by two clip wheels are arranged, a groove mirror has 8 clip wheels, and they together clamp ring belt, and makes the groove mirror have to rotate around vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube by the rotary motion trace of ring belt.
(4), control system.It is to be used for controlling the groove mirror to rotate with the sun for (as Fig. 6).Gravity balance device can be installed on certain some groove mirror.Need not each all by.But also can select for use each all by.Can be determined on a case-by-case basis in a word.For some the area as the mountain area, the also corresponding complexity of control system some.Control system mainly by: A information source B dynamical system C transmission system etc. is formed, and wherein information source provides the part of information.Can provide information by the people, also can be by providing information by adapting to local photosensitive sensor at groove vertex line.(when focal line is hinted obliquely on top line) photosensitive sensor is blocked light by vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube when sunray is parallel with the key light axial plane; When the sun rotates a low-angle again and key light axial plane when not parallel, just impinge upon the photosensitive sensor of top line, the at this moment logical automatically power supply of going up is connected the motor in the dynamical system.Wherein dynamical system mainly contains: power supply, motor, and composition such as change-speed gearing.About should be generally speaking two groups.Transmission system is made up of extension bar on a transmission rope and the ring belt and extension bar pulley.Whole system begins to provide information to open motor and change-speed gearing by personnel and sensor, drives transmission rope interlock extension bar, drives the groove mirror at last and rotates.
If in geographical conditions Plain preferably, no matter areas such as desert, grassland, ocean are at how many latitudes.We can be by dress groove lens array the time, make the earth's axis of the vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube and the earth parallel, have only at this moment us to control and allow groove mirror each hour rotate 15 ° of angles (i.e. time zone) with the bigger clock of a power, thus the tracking sun.This kind mode generally is applicable on a small scale and relatively is fit to the light collecting solar energy equipment that utilizes of exploitation family expenses formula by dress (as on the roof or in the courtyard), is used for heating up water, and cooks, extracts pure water or heat supply in winter.If when we press dress groove mirror, make the earth's axis of the vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube and the earth vertical, we must control the groove mirror and rotate 23.4 ° every day so.And make the motion track in groove mirror every year make a call to 46.67 ° back and forth.
In a word, parallel placement with the earth's axis is adapted to low latitudes, the vertical middle and high latitude area that is adapted to the earth's axis.
(5), generate electricity and utilize system: electricity generation system mainly is made up of evaporimeter, steam turbine, generator etc., and wherein evaporimeter mainly receives the heat that heat transfer liquid transmits from thermal-collecting tube.Heat transfer liquid is pressed into the energy that vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube receives the gathering of concave mirror groove by circulating pump after flowing through evaporimeter again, so circulation.By heat exchange water is become steam, hit steam turbine, drive generator for electricity generation.If be used for central heating, thermal-collecting tube flows through water heater and gets final product so.If cooling gets final product after the evaporation of purification water purification.We can be directly changed into electric energy with heat energy by other device in addition.Can be determined on a case-by-case basis in a word.
(6) circulatory system: it mainly is made up of circulating pump, heat transfer liquid carrier pipe, heat transfer liquid return duct etc., and carrier pipe is relative with return duct thicker, and peripheral bag layer of insulation material also can be imbedded them underground.
More than 6 talked light collecting basic structure and the principle of utilizing solar energy equipment.This beneficial effect of the invention of having a talk again below.
With existing solar cell, generate electricity with this device, mainly have the low advantage of cost.Be not subjected to the high influence of temperature in addition, the electricity that sends is an alternating current.If with electricity and the existing electrical network parallel connection that this device sends, so just can alleviate the defective that solar energy is changed rain or shine and round the clock by weather.And because solar follow-up device is adopted in this invention, so one square metre groove mirror (growing * wide) often can utilize the solar heat energy of 1.5 square metres of areas of earth surface.Compare with prior solar water heater, this device can not only hot water, but also can cook, heat supply, extraction pure water etc.And cost is lower, and efficiency of utilization is higher.Compare with existing thermal power plant, nuclear power plant, this device need not fuel, and is also free from environmental pollution, and inexhaustible.
Description of drawings: (Fig. 1), straight line AA ' is the length of groove mirror.Straight line AB is the wide of groove mirror.Straight line PP ' is the top line of groove mirror.Straight line CC ' is columniform circle core shaft.Straight line FF ' is the focal line of groove mirror.
(1) is the groove mirror (Fig. 2).(2) be vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube.(3) be bogie side frame.(4) be ring belt on the bogie side frame.(5) be support.(6) be pedestal.(7) be the gravitational equilibrium object.(8) be transmission rope.(9) be extension bar.(10) be the extension bar pulley.(11) be motor or electronic clock.(12) change the hydrothermal solution return duct.(13) be evaporimeter.(14) be steam turbine.(15) be generator.
An A left side and the A right side are two peripheral glass collar of glass tube with vacuum (Fig. 3), and a B left side and the B right side are to enclose glass collar in two.A C left side and the C right side are two vacuum spaces.D is a thermal-collecting tube.(1) is adiabatic seal (Fig. 4).(2) be fastening bolt.(3) be top folder main body.(4) be the thermal-collecting tube clip.(5) be the glass tube with vacuum clip.(1) is fastener body (Fig. 5).(2) be clip wheel.(4) be ring belt.(5) be bolt.(6) be cradling piece.(7) be pulley
(1) is the groove mirror (Fig. 6).(2) be ring belt.(3) be the gravitational equilibrium body.(4) be transmission rope.(5) be motor or electronic clock.(6) be photosensitive sensor.(7) artificial information source.(8) be Information Selection system.
This invention mainly is made of some cheap materials, as long as fund is arranged, just can organize some thermodynamics experts and mechanical expert to carry out optimal design according to scale, sets up a solar power plant.After designing the length and width and focal length of groove mirror, can with mirror-making factory or Electroplate Factory groove mirror customized.Design behind the glass tube with vacuum and glass factory (or Thermos Flask Factory) good glass tube customized.Purchase a little metal pipe materials by designing requirement again, (clip wheel can be selected bicycle pedal for use to make groove mirror bogie side frame, top folder and fastener and clip wheel with general hardware factory, only pedal being changed into " stepping on " wheel gets final product), fix pedestal with cement again,, again bogie side frame and groove mirror are assembled by installing support with the top folder.With fastener the groove mirror that assembles is installed on the support,, with adhesive glue two lobe vacuum glass is installed in top folder two shoulder places again, surround the collector metal pipe again the metal tube welding or be connected folder top, top and fix.Full with the heat-insulating material embedding between two vacuum glass.The position of adjusting the groove mirror by top folder on the support and fastener at last, by being connected of extension bar and transmission rope adjusting control system, (and also may adjust when operation) rotates the unified sun of following the tracks of of whole grooves harmoniously.Purchased heat transfer medium again.With reference to the steam generator of nuclear power station, make the evaporimeter of building solar electrical energy generation well then, buy, build a transformer station again, just can put into operation to use and generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems by installing steam turbine, generator.

Claims (7)

1, require that a kind of novel concentrator formula utilizes that solar energy generates electricity, the device of central heating, extraction pure water etc.It is characterized in that: artificial or automation control with sun folk prescription to the groove mirror that rotates, sunshine is gathered on the vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube of stationary fixing, effectively utilize after by the heat transfer medium in the thermal-collecting tube its solar thermal energy of collecting in groove mirror daylighting thermal-collecting tube being spread out of.
2, require as feature 1 described groove mirror, in the two sides of groove mirror respectively by there being one to be the ring belt of central shaft, so that can make the groove mirror follow the tracks of sun rotation around vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube along the movement locus of ring belt with the focal line.
3, require as feature 1 described vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube, the glass tube with vacuum of its outermost divides layer glass, and therebetween must be a vacuum, is divided into two lobes again along the length of glass tube, by about two lobes bonding form so that by dress with keep in repair.
4, require a servicing unit is arranged therein gravity balance device (balanced body) as in the feature 1 described control system, it is when coming balanced rotation groove mirror according to bar thick stick principle, and the gravity that the groove mirror produces is provided with.
5, require as feature 1 described device, also has a kind of method of controlling, as long as allow its vacuum daylighting thermal-collecting tube when adorning parallelly with the earth's axis of the earth exactly, thereby we just can control that the groove mirror per hour rotates 15 ° of angles (also being a time zone) with the bigger clock of power follow the tracks of the sun.
6, require to come centralized and unified control groove lens array to rotate by the control rope as feature 1 described artificial or automation control.
7, requirement to rotation, is meant the rotation of charge in a fixed-direction that only is installed in clip wheel on the support as feature 1 described groove mirror folk prescription.
CN97112620A 1997-06-10 1997-06-10 Light gathering appts. for utilizing solar energy Pending CN1173620A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN97112620A CN1173620A (en) 1997-06-10 1997-06-10 Light gathering appts. for utilizing solar energy
AU76354/98A AU7635498A (en) 1997-06-10 1998-06-02 Improved solar energy collector system
PCT/CN1998/000082 WO1998057103A1 (en) 1997-06-10 1998-06-02 Improved solar energy collector system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN97112620A CN1173620A (en) 1997-06-10 1997-06-10 Light gathering appts. for utilizing solar energy

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CN1173620A true CN1173620A (en) 1998-02-18

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AU (1) AU7635498A (en)
WO (1) WO1998057103A1 (en)

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CN101900435A (en) * 2009-05-31 2010-12-01 北京智慧剑科技发展有限责任公司 Solar distributed point focusing optical lens tracing vacuum tube utilizing system
CN101029778B (en) * 2006-02-27 2011-08-10 李建民 Solar thermal generating system of optical lens hot pipe
CN101029780B (en) * 2006-02-27 2011-10-05 李建民 Solar-building heat-energy utilizing system of optical lens hot pipe
CN101029776B (en) * 2006-02-27 2011-10-05 李建民 Hot-pipe solar heat-energy utilizing system
CN102278826A (en) * 2011-07-29 2011-12-14 范印宝 Multi-purpose solar heat collecting device
CN101029779B (en) * 2006-02-27 2012-01-04 李建民 Solar optical-lens tracking utilizer and its array
CN101042267B (en) * 2006-02-27 2012-01-04 李建民 Optical mirror heat pipe solar heat power generation system
CN102520732A (en) * 2006-02-27 2012-06-27 李建民 Cross zoom solar tracking utilization device and array
CN103592750A (en) * 2013-11-09 2014-02-19 榆社县云山新能源与新健身用品研发厂 Reflective mirror group for directly reflecting sunlight back to upper air so as to cool in hot weather and reduce hot disasters and wind disasters
CN104515310A (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-15 秦佑镇 Vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system
CN106472178A (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-03-08 北京化工大学 A kind of solar energy highly effective with crystal film with photon utilizes greenhouse apparatus
CN112902098A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-04 河南理工大学 Light guide lighting device for underground lighting

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US3847136A (en) * 1973-07-27 1974-11-12 N Salvail Solar water-heating systems
US4114594A (en) * 1976-10-22 1978-09-19 Meyer Warren A Device for synchronously rotating solar collectors
US4646718A (en) * 1981-10-09 1987-03-03 Wood Kenneth G Combined pressurized air solar heat sensing head assembly and a pressurized water drive system used to move solar energy collectors in tracking the sun

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CN102520732B (en) * 2006-02-27 2014-07-30 成都奥能普科技有限公司 Cross zoom solar tracking utilization device and array
CN101029780B (en) * 2006-02-27 2011-10-05 李建民 Solar-building heat-energy utilizing system of optical lens hot pipe
CN101029776B (en) * 2006-02-27 2011-10-05 李建民 Hot-pipe solar heat-energy utilizing system
CN102520732A (en) * 2006-02-27 2012-06-27 李建民 Cross zoom solar tracking utilization device and array
CN101029779B (en) * 2006-02-27 2012-01-04 李建民 Solar optical-lens tracking utilizer and its array
CN101029778B (en) * 2006-02-27 2011-08-10 李建民 Solar thermal generating system of optical lens hot pipe
CN101900435A (en) * 2009-05-31 2010-12-01 北京智慧剑科技发展有限责任公司 Solar distributed point focusing optical lens tracing vacuum tube utilizing system
CN102278826A (en) * 2011-07-29 2011-12-14 范印宝 Multi-purpose solar heat collecting device
CN104515310A (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-04-15 秦佑镇 Vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system
CN104515310B (en) * 2013-09-26 2017-02-08 秦佑镇 vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system
CN103592750A (en) * 2013-11-09 2014-02-19 榆社县云山新能源与新健身用品研发厂 Reflective mirror group for directly reflecting sunlight back to upper air so as to cool in hot weather and reduce hot disasters and wind disasters
CN106472178A (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-03-08 北京化工大学 A kind of solar energy highly effective with crystal film with photon utilizes greenhouse apparatus
CN112902098A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-04 河南理工大学 Light guide lighting device for underground lighting

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AU7635498A (en) 1998-12-30

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