CN104515310B - vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system - Google Patents
vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104515310B CN104515310B CN201310442889.4A CN201310442889A CN104515310B CN 104515310 B CN104515310 B CN 104515310B CN 201310442889 A CN201310442889 A CN 201310442889A CN 104515310 B CN104515310 B CN 104515310B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
In the invention, through the cooperation of a large glass vacuum heat-absorbing tube provided with a U-shaped medium pipeline and heat-conducting fins with a large groove type paraboloid reflecting mirror, a groove type paraboloid heat collector is formed, every two sets of the heat collectors are symmetrically combined to form a shoulder pole-shaped unit sail which is vertically arranged, and thousands of unit sails are combined with a thermal power generation system to form a vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system. Unique warpwise and weftwise synchronous tracking devices enable all the unit sails to precisely focus sunshine and heat the glass vacuum heatabsorbing tubes so as to heat mediums. The same medium pipeline can continuously penetrate through the glass vacuum heat-absorbing tubes in the multiple groove type paraboloid heat collectors, so that the temperature of the mediums can quickly reach 300-400 DEG C or even higher. Most high-temperature mediums are thermally exchanged to generate a large amount of overheat steam so as to propel a turbogenerator to generate electricity; the cost is close to or even lower than the coal-fired power generation level; and the vertical groove type paraboloid synchronous tracking solar thermal power generation system is one of the most effective paths for people to obtain clean energy with low cost in large scale.
Description
First, technical field
Patent of the present invention is related to the device that a kind of utilization vertical tray parabola synchronized tracking sunlight produces high temperature heat source, especially
It is that possess synchronized tracking to make directly precisely 300 DEG C -400 DEG C of the heating flow media generation of high density sunlight with focusing dual-use function
High temperature, superheated steam is produced by heat exchange, promotes the novel solar that the steam turbine generator that matches generates electricity to generate electricity system
Bulk cargo is put.Belong to and in solar energy high temperature heat utilization power field, take up an area that minimum, efficiency highest, output be the most stable, structure
Simply, reliability, cost and the minimum new technique of operating cost.
The method is also best suitable for existing small-sized heat power station and is transformed into " solar energy one firepower integrated power station ", investment
Less, take up an area little, convenient to carry out, can reduce fire coal in a large number, and avoid great quantity of small heat power station to be eliminated the misfortune of closing, both
Avoid the waste of a large amount of state-owned assets and do not result in a large amount of workers simultaneously again and be laid off, especially carbon emission is greatly lowered for China
Have important practical significance.
The solar heat power generation system being manufactured according to this principle, its cost performance can surmount existing horizontal groove type paraboloid
Formula, spherical surface focusing formula and the solar heat power generation system such as tower are so as to cost of electricity-generating is close to even below coal-fired station.
It is a kind of one of in the way of minimum cost obtains the permanent cleanliness energy on a large scale.Through us to " Domestic synchronous are followed the tracks of
The solar boiler " (patent No.：ZL 00219088.5) and " portable non-transformer is from motion tracking solar energy water-boiling device " is (specially
Profit number：ZL 200620069377.3) more than ten years development, test with long-term using it was demonstrated that manufacturing that large-scale " vertical tray is thrown
Object plane synchronous sun tracking energy thermal electric generator " is feasible.
2nd, background technology
According to statistics, the excessive exploitation to fossil fuel due to countries in the world, the petroleum reserves of the earth only will enough exploit 50-
60 years, coal only more than 100 year, the fact that how harsh this be！At present, China has become as second-biggest-in-the-world economy, energy
Source consumes almost the first in the world, and carbon emission is even more world prostatitis！Current energy source and environmental pollution will be that restriction China continues to stablize
Fast-developing major obstacle, main cities PM2.5 is significantly exceeded to be made compatriots have a profound understanding of merely development to be paid
Heavy cost.
Do one's utmost to find new forms of energy approach for this people：At present nuclear energy, wind energy, photovoltaic, solar energy, biomass energy,
The clean energy resourcies such as heat energy, tide energy and regenerative resource all obtain a certain degree of exploitation and application, its development speed and scale
Different, wherein, wind energy and photovoltaic are especially rapid in China's development, are only put into world prostatitis, nuclear energy with ten years
Moving forward steadily, solar low-temperature heat utilization already ranks the first in the world, these aspects are all sent out to clean energy resource and national economy
Significant contribution has been made in exhibition.
But practical experience explanation for many years, the production of extensive clean energy resource not yet finds preferred plan, wherein：Nuclear energy
Using there is greater risk, the nuclear power station leakage accident of Russia and Japan makes the world hang back, and some developed countries are
Or consider to abandon nuclear power；There is the unstability of power, grid-connected difficulty in wind energy；The cost of photovoltaic generation is too high, Er Qiechun
Silicon manufacture consumes mass energy and produces pollution, the photovoltaic cell almost all outlet of China, and global yield is 15GW, and China is
8GW, domestic personal only 5%, outlet up to 95%.The outlet of this 95% HIGH-PURITY SILICON and photovoltaic cell consumes the substantial amounts of energy
And material.China 1/4 carbon dioxide is contained in inside exported product, and the cheap product of China does not bring how many profits,
But bring substantial amounts of carbon dioxide.China's industrial production technology is relatively backward, further exacerbates the high-carbon economy of China
Feature.
Through exploring, now it has been recognized that the heat energy power-generating technology of only solar energy is only replacement large-scale industry sends out
The most viable method of electricity.
Solar energy thermal-power-generating is to collect solar thermal energy using large scale array parabola or dish-shaped minute surface, by heat-exchanger rig
There is provided steam, in conjunction with the technique of traditional steam turbine generator, thus reaching the purpose of generating.Using solar energy thermal-power-generating technology, keep away
Exempt from the silicon wafer opto-electronic conversion technique of costliness, the cost of solar electrical energy generation can have been substantially reduced.And, the solar energy of this form
Using the incomparable advantage of the solar energy conversion of also other forms, the high-temperature medium that is, solar energy is heated such as can
To be stored in huge container, after the sun sets, several hours remain able to drive steam turbine power generation.In general, the sun
Hot forms of electricity generation can there is slot type, tower, three kinds of systems of dish-style.
1st, trough type solar power generation
Trough type solar power generation is divided into two kinds of " horizontal slot type " and " vertical tray ".But a current " transverse groove in the world
Formula ", and " vertical tray " is the present invention.So, the every report in our times various places " trough type solar power generation " be all
Content about " horizontal trough type solar power generation ".
Trough type solar power generation is also called groove type parabolic mirror solar heat power generation system, is to throw many grooveds
Object plane concentrating collector, through series-parallel arrangement, heating working medium, produces high-temperature steam, and driving steam turbine generating set generates electricity.
(1) horizontal trough type solar power generation：
Laterally trough type solar power generation is to keep flat grooved parabolic concentrator heat collector on the ground through series-parallel
Arrangement, heating working medium, produce high-temperature steam, driving steam turbine generating set generates electricity.
The U.S. has built up 354MW last century, and Spain has built up 50MW.China is just setting about carrying out 100kW horizontal stroke at present
To trough type solar power generation assay device.
Its advantage is：Condenser mirror is secured transverse on ground, so the invasion and attack of high wind can be resisted effectively, also
Reduce the cost of the hardware supporting mirror system.
Its shortcoming is：Laterally groove type parabolic mirror cannot realize tracking truly and focusing, because slot type
Parabola can only make one-dimensional tracking motion parallel to ground, and this tracking in astronomy meaning greatly differs from each other, perhaps only summer
Season, the meridian hour just had optimum focusing (because only that position of sun ability is closest to parabola best focus position at this very moment), and
Although continuing " tracking " in other times groove type paraboloid, position of sun increasingly deviates the normal of groove type paraboloid,
Focus point then more deviates the centrage of thermal-collecting tube, leads to focusing to become " defocusing " effect and is deteriorated, winter even can not effectively heat
Medium in thermal-collecting tube, this is astronomy and optical principle is determined, therefore, will make full use of the sun in whole day, whole year
Aspect can have a greatly reduced quality, be the congenital defect of the impassable maximum that horizontal groove type paraboloid solar heat generates electricity；Next, by
Parallel to the ground in horizontal Trough Concentrating System, thus suitable dust stratification and also to remove dust difficult, especially in the region that dust storm is big
Long-play, cleaning work is quite heavy, if do not cleared up for a long time, generating efficiency certainly will be caused to be greatly lowered.
(2) vertical tray solar energy thermal-power-generating：
Vertical tray solar energy thermal-power-generating is that groove type paraboloid (condenser mirror) heat collector is mounted vertically on ground
Side, through series-parallel arrangement, forms large-scale vertical tray parabolic collector array (referred to as " solar sail array "), and synchronization is certainly
Motion tracking sunlight, heats medium, produces high-temperature steam, and driving steam turbine generating set generates electricity：
On the Northern Hemisphere, vertical tray parabolic collector array surface is to Due South, parabola normal just to the sun, and to too
Sun carries out " synchronization is from motion tracking " from east to west, heats medium, produces high-temperature steam, driving steam turbine generating set generates electricity；
In the Southern Hemisphere, vertical tray parabolic collector array surface aligns the north, parabola normal just to the sun, and to too
Sun carries out " synchronization is from motion tracking " from east to west, heats medium, produces high-temperature steam, driving steam turbine generating set generates electricity；
Its advantage is：
A, the vertical Trough Concentrating System installed achieve truly sunlight is carried out automatically and accurately with
Track, tracking accuracy, up to ± 1 °/24 hours, can focus on collection sunlight from early morning to other evening up to more than 12 hours exactly
On hot device.Solar energy can be received in most stable of mode, the efficiency of solar energy can be played to greatest extent, obtained with minimum cost
Take most electric power.
It is reported that horizontal solar parabolic through power generation system, floor space is less than other solar heat power generation systems for b
20%-30%, and vertical tray solar heat power generation system is due to its vertical installation, floor space is than horizontal slot type too
Sun can heat generating system less, and reflecting mirror minimum point minimum range also has 2 meters from the ground, paraboloidal shadow can be with too
Sun movement and move, sunlight is can not see on only few ground always, thus at least 50% ground be suitable for greening or plantation,
Such that it is able to a large amount of farmland savings, this suitable China's actual conditions.
C, the mode of synchronized tracking sunlight are better than other tracking modes such as photoelectric tracking, it be the simplest so far, can
The continuous tracking mode leaned on, no matter how weather changes, and becomes a fine day after such as fine one minute but rainy next, rain, it can accurately and incessantly oneself
Motion tracking.As long as longitudinal tracking angular rate controls in 15 °/hour, precision reaches ± 1 °/24 hours so that it may at 72 hours
Within do not adjust, precision is more high, and the cycle that need not adjust is longer.
D, when the time is from afternoon 6 to early morning 6 when, entering night runs, Trough Concentrating System just dorsad sky, this
It is to protect the peculiar function that condenser lenss and heat collector (vacuum heat absorbing pipe) night are not attacked by hail, wind and snow, dust storm, therefore can be big
Improve greatly the service life of condenser mirror and heat collector.Even if certain daytime runs into vile weather and equally can utilize this work(
Can, quick control Trough Concentrating System turns to, so that protection condenser lenss and vacuum heat absorbing pipe, and additive method is incomparable
's；
E, from winter to summer, become from the tropic of Capricorn to tropic of cancer latitude and turn to 45 ° about due in the sun 1 year, thus perpendicular
The speed following the tracks of latitude change to Trough Concentrating System is extremely low, so that the change of only 2 °～4 ° in month, sends out for this
Bright using 1 week adjust once, both can also electronic mode adjust manually, for small-sized Jing Chang, staff borrows
The chance making an inspection tour reflecting mirror field just can complete this and works, it is to avoid unnecessary investment.
F, running expense of the present invention are the minimum of various solar energy thermal-power-generatings, and can be used for middle-size and small-size heat power station skill
Art is transformed, and becomes " solar energy -- firepower integrated power station ", and it is original that the high-temperature steam that photothermal deformation is produced directly inputs driving
Turbine LP rotors generate electricity, and original coal-burning boiler remains as the supplement of sleety weather, night and winter thermal source；
G, axially it is in 20 ° with ground due to vertical tray condenser mirror -- 70 ° of angles, therefore unlike horizontal slot type light gathering reflector
The suitable dust stratification of mirror, and remove dust conveniently (available shower water flushing), this is to ensure that mirror surface is clean, and solar energy system is long-term
One of key factor of efficient operation, is particularly suited for the atmospheric condition of China.
Its shortcoming is：
A, vertical tray condenser mirror system setting height(from bottom) are higher than horizontal Trough Concentrating System system, and it is difficult therefore to install
Degree is high.
B, Trough Concentrating System is required to have wind loading rating, therefore higher to Structural strength calls.
C, large scale (external diameter 200mm length 5000mm about) glass evacuated endothermic tube manufacture difficulty larger.
2nd, tower type solar energy thermal power generation
It is equipped with many platform large-sized solar reflecting mirrors on very large-area place, commonly referred to " heliostat ", often
Platform each all is equipped with follower and accurately focuses on sunlight reflection on the accepter of one high top of tower.On accepter
Concentration magnification can exceed 1000 times.Here the solar energy absorbing is changed into heat energy, then heat energy is passed to working medium, through storing
Hot link, then input heat power machine, expand and do manual work, drive electrical power generators.Nineteen eighty-two, the U.S. builds up the " sun 1 in desert area
Number " tower-type solar thermal power generating system.Device passes through repacking, for molten salt receiver and the regenerative apparatus of demonstrating within 1992.With
Afterwards, start to build " sun 2 " system again, and generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems in 1996.Nanjing and Beijing all have the tower sun on a small scale
Can hot generator experimental system.
Its advantage is：Heliostat, every has follower that sunlight reflection is focused on the acceptance of a high top of tower
On device, accuracy is high.
Its shortcoming is：Cost is too high, floor space big, and mechanism is complicated, and system operating energy resource consumption is high；Focus temperature is too high
General steam turbine power generation can not be used, original electric power factory equipment probably can not utilize；Because heliostat is with to accept tower distance, air inadequate
When pure, efficiency is affected bigger than additive method.Bigger concern is that the ecological environment having influence on birds, because a large amount of " fixed
Sunlight is reflexed on the remote high tower of hundreds of meters by solar eyepiece ", and substantial amounts of photo-thermal has been gathered in the top of Jing Chang, causes the birds passing by
It is scorched to death in a large number, therefore large-scale tower type solar energy thermal power generation field is referred to as " cemeteries of birds " by people, has been subject to the height in the world
Degree is paid attention to.
3rd, disc type solar energy heat generates electricity
It is mainly characterized by using disk like parabolic concentrator heat collector, because disk like paraboloidal mirror is a kind of point focusing thermal-arrest
Device, its focusing ratio can be up to hundreds of to thousands of times, very high temperature can be produced.Early 1980s, first by Sweden
Start to research and develop with the U.S., mostly adopt Silver/glass condenser lenss, tubulose direct irradiation formula thermal-collecting tube and USAB4-95 type heat
Machine.Since the nineties, the U.S. and Germany some enterprises and research institution, under government-funded, accelerate disk system research and development,
Promote its commercialization process.
4th, conclusion：
In sum, three kinds of systems only have horizontal slot type line focusing system to achieve commercialization at present, and other two kinds are in
Demonstration phase.Its Performance comparision is as shown in table 1.
The various solar heat power generation system Performance comparision of table 1
Solar thermal power generation system with regard to several forms is compared, and current tank-type thermal power generation system is the most ripe, tower
The Maturity of heat generating system is not so good as groove type paraboloid heat generating system at present, and is equipped with the parabola disc type of stirling generator
Although heat generating system has the excellent performance indications of comparison, mainly still it is used for backwoodsman small-sized independently-powered at present,
Lack the prospect of large-scale grid connection application.
Anyway, solar energy thermal-power-generating technology is just increasingly paid attention to and is tried to explore among development by global.
Solar energy thermal-power-generating research embodies the important front edge direction of world energy sources scientific development and weight in current or even coming few decades
Big Basic Problems, the smooth enforcement to the extensive utilization of solar energy thermal-power-generating, the strategy of sustainable development is significant.
International Energy Agency (IEA) is studied to the demand of 2000～the year two thousand thirty International Power, and research shows, from regenerative resource
Generating total amount average annual growth rate will be the fastest.In Future 30 Years, non-hydro renewable sources power generation will be than other any fuel
Generating will increase soon, annual growth rate nearly 6%, between 2000～the year two thousand thirty, its gross generation will increase by 500, to 2030
Year, it will provide the 4.4% of world's total electricity.
China has formulated the year two thousand twenty non-fossil energy using the target reaching 15%, and this must rely on the development sun
The clean energy resourcies such as energy, wind energy, biomass energy.
In sum, vertical tray solar energy thermal-power-generating is that energy scarcity, environmental pollution, terrestrial climate in the whole world
Change, in the case that greenhouse effect is on the rise, a new skill that can inexpensively manufacture green energy resource on a large scale arising at the historic moment
Art, new invention.
We are by small-sized vertical tray parabola synchronized tracking light and heat collection solar energy equipment, (domestic are same during the last ten years
Step follows the tracks of solar boiler) research, small lot batch manufacture and both at home and abroad throughout the year (Nanjing of China and Canadian Ottawa) use
Obtained experience can absolutely prove：Vertical tray parabola synchronized tracking be truly sunlight is carried out automatically and
Accurately follow the tracks of, it is the simplest so far, reliable continuous tracking mode；Floor space is than horizontal groove type paraboloid more
Few, such that it is able to a large amount of farmland savings；The investment of the present invention and running expense are minimum in all kinds of solar heat power generation systems；Institute
The power rate producing is closest or even less than coal-fired thermal power generation electricity price, and can there is not atmospheric pollution and the dirt of other environment
Dye.Spread vertical tray solar heat power generation system, for China's a large amount of minimizing carbon emission index, is the big-and-middle city of China
It is a maximally effective approach that city reappears blue sky and white cloud, favourable with the people with state, especially meets China's actual conditions, is feasible
's.
3rd, content of the invention
The present invention is to integrate the large-sized solar high temperature heat utilization new product of astronomy, heat transfer, optics, electromechanics, material,
Above-mentioned key problem in technology is realized in：Using large glass vacuum heat absorbing pipe (inside is equipped with high-temperature medium conveyance conduit) with greatly
Type groove formula minute surface parabola combines, and being matched with unique vertical installation and distinctive synchronous drive device makes whole arrays
Slot type minute surface parabola, around respective glass evacuated endothermic tube center rotating, from the motion tracking sun, will be radiated at minute surface parabolic
Sunlight on face is precisely focused on the whole length of vacuum heat absorbing pipe, thus with the energy high intensity of decades of times sunlight to every
Root large glass vacuum heat absorbing pipe is quickly heated, and the heat absorbing coating in vacuum heat absorbing pipe is brought rapidly up, and is handed over by High Efficiency Thermal
Change, so that the medium in the medium delivery pipe in glass evacuated endothermic tube (as conduction oil) is constantly heated, due to same medium
Conveyance conduit can continuously pass through the glass evacuated endothermic tube in multiaspect groove type paraboloid, and continuously heating makes medium
Temperature is rapidly reached the temperature of 300-400 degree even more high.
As long as slot type minute surface parabola is enough with the quantity of glass evacuated endothermic tube assembled unit, and they are gone here and there
Join and be unified into " the solar sail array " of 10 meters about of huge height, then sufficient amount of high temperature fluid medium will be produced,
Then converged by pipeline and be inputted in " the high temperature fluid medium case " of Large Copacity insulation, this case is huge accumulator,
When case high temperature fluid media (medium) flows into large-scale heat exchanger with certain speed, heat exchanger is just equal to coal-burning boiler, makes water meeting
It is heated to form rapidly high temperature and high pressure steam, for promoting Turbo-generator Set to generate electricity.Here it is vertical tray parabolic solar
The principle that heat generates electricity.
Then, the high temperature fluid medium through over-heat-exchanger becomes cryogenic media after releasing heat, is flowed into same by pipeline
In sample jumbo " cryogen medium box ", this case is huge thermophore and buffer, and in case, cryogen medium has control
Being come back in large-scale " solar sail array " with certain speed inflow medium delivery pipe road of system is circulated heating, this cyclic system
System is closing, and fluid media (medium) there is no loss.
Although the high temperature and high pressure steam after promoting Turbo-generator Set acting becomes low temperature and low pressure steam, gas
State steam cannot recycle, and is wherein also full of a large amount of heat energy；In order to make full use of these waste heats, by low temperature and low pressure steam
Input cryophorus, it substantial amounts of low temperature and low pressure steam is condensed into while water, the heat of steam is discharged cold for heating
Water is transformed into hot water, and supply people's life uses.Must be soft water due to producing high temperature and high pressure steam, be through pretreated
Soft water or distilled water, will not tie alkali and fouling, can recycle, and the water that therefore steam is condensed into is back to positioned at heat by pipeline
Use to be recycled in low temperature water tank above exchanger.It is more than the basic procedure of vertical tray solar heat power generation system.
4th, brief description
Fig. 1 is the total figure of whole system of the present invention, and the left side is heat generating system, the right is vertical tray parabola array collection
Hot systems, referred to as " solar sail array ".
Fig. 2 is one group of " unit battle array " front view in the present invention " solar sail array ", and " unit battle array " comprises 6 sets of " units
Sail ".
Fig. 3 is a set of " unit sail " front view in the present invention " solar sail array ".
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing in the present invention " unit sail " centre.
Fig. 5 is the large-scale vacuum endothermic tube sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of the vertical tray parabolic collector of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the present invention " solar sail array " latitude direction (angle of pitch change) follower front view.
Fig. 8 is the latitude direction follower side view of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is that the present invention " unit sail " runs to towards eastern side view.
Figure 10 is that the present invention " unit sail " runs to the side view towards due south.
Figure 11 is that the present invention " unit sail " runs to towards western side view.
Figure 12 is that the present invention " unit sail " runs to the side view towards ground.
Figure 13 is the heat generating system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein Fig. 3 combines shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6：1 parabola molding backboard, 2 parabola edge compact heaps, 3 vacuum are inhaled
Heat pipe tailstock, 4 metallic support rod, 5 large-scale vacuum endothermic tubes, 6 high-temperature medium U-tube, 7 silica gel rings, 8 bearing upper end covers, 9 radial directions
Thrust bearing, 10 bearing inner tubes, 11 fork frame, 12 bearing outer tubes, 13 minor sprockets, the miniature cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer of 14-1,14-2
The miniature worm-gear speed reducer of follower base, 14-3,14-4 motor；15 turn to medium tube, 16 Outer Tubes, 17 ears
Fork, 18 large-scale four-way flanged pipes, 19 front installation and maintenance holes, 20 ground supports framves, 21 steel pipe crossbeams, 22 driving-chains, 23 big chains
Wheel, 24 Chain conveyer protective covers, 25 vacuum heat absorbing pipe pipe tail protective covers, 26 medium valves, 27 medium back flow pipes, 28 four-way pipes, 29
Ground supports frame, 30 minute surface parabolas, 31 pipeline inner thermal insulating layers, 32 medium bend pipes, 33 medium tube locking nuts, 34 medium tube are led
Hot fin, 35 side installation and maintenance holes, 36 silicone rubber pads, 37 bearing bottom end covers.
Wherein shown in Fig. 7：38 2 grades of big sprocket wheels, 39 2 grades of big sprocket wheel wheel hubs, 40 second grade transmission chains, 41 ground supports framves,
42 two-stage chains transmission protective covers, 43 one-level big sprocket wheels, 44 one-level big sprocket wheel wheel hubs, 45 2 grades of minor sprockets, 46 first grade transmission chains, 47
One-level Chain conveyer protective cover, 48 worm reduction gears and minor sprocket, 49 operation handwheels.
Wherein shown in Figure 13：50 cryophorus, 51 tap water water inlet pipes, 52 low-pressure steam pipelines, 53 generating sets, 54 vapour
Wheel unit, 55 solidifying water water return pipelines, 56 high temperature and high pressure steam pipelines, 57 cryogenic media flow pumps, 58 cryogen medium boxes, 59
Cryogen medium pipeline, 60 soft water water tanks, 61 heat exchangers, 62 soft water supply ports, 63 soft water flux valves, 64 high-temperature medium streams
Amount pump, 65 high temperature fluid medium casees, 66 high temperature fluid medium house stewards, 67 domestic hot-water's outlet pipes, 68 cryogen medium house stewards,
69 reversal valves, the high steam pipeline of the original coal-burning boiler in 70 power plants.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention " vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat generating system " (positioned at north half
During ball) further illustrate：
Fig. 1 is the total figure of vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat generating system of the present invention, and it is by vertical slot
Formula parabola array heat collection system A (referred to as " solar sail array "), high-temperature medium pipeline system B, cryogenic media return duct
Road system C, heat generating system D and the most of composition of latitude direction tracks of device system E five, wherein " solar sail array " system A
It is to be connected with cryogenic media house steward (66) with high-temperature medium house steward (64) and heat generating system D two large divisions between, wherein high
Warm medium house steward is responsible for for the 300-400 DEG C of high temperature heat conductive oil of " solar sail array " being transported to heat generating system generation high steam
Generate electricity；And cryogenic media house steward is then responsible for for used for heat generating system low temperature conduction oil returning to " solar sail array " again
Heating, so circulation lead to continuously running of heat generating system.
Fig. 2 is one group " unit battle array " in the present invention " solar sail array ", and one group " unit battle array " comprises 6 sets of " units
Sail ", often covers " unit sail " and all has laterally zygomorphic two fans " minute surface parabolic collector ", often fan " minute surface parabolic collector "
All comprise one group of warp-wise synchronous follow-up device, thus amount to 12 fans " minute surface parabolic collector " in one group " unit battle array " can be right
The sun carries out the synchronization of longitudinal from motion tracking.
In addition, also comprising one group of parabola pitching angle adjusting mechanism in " the unit battle array " of the present invention, 6 sets of " units can be made
Latitudinal tracking made by sail " i.e. 12 fans " minute surface parabolic collector " simultaneously, and using manually realizing this function, is this
One big feature of invention.
Every group of the present invention " unit battle array " can independent heating conduction oil to required 300-400 DEG C of high temperature, Er Qieyou
High-temperature medium conveyance conduit, cryogenic media reflux line, pipeline valve etc. are matched, form complete medium loop, permissible
With other " unit battle arrays " and be unified into huge " solar sail array " system, so " unit battle array " is the most basic sun in the present invention
Can the hot thermal unit generating electricity.
Fig. 3 is " unit sail " front view comprising synchronized tracking mechanism of the present invention, and one group " unit sail " comprises up and down
Each fan " vertical tray parabola ", often fan " vertical tray parabola " have a set of independent longitudinal synchronized tracking machine
Structure.
As shown in Figure 3：The two ends of parabola molding backboard 1 are provided with parabola edge compact heap 2, two metallic support rod
Nine parabola molding backboards can be conspired to create framework, can firmly compress minute surface parabola using parabola edge compact heap 2 by 4
30 edge and ensure paraboloidal formed precision.Again by vacuum heat absorbing pipe tailstock 3 pass through minute surface parabola on two at square
Shape hole is fixed on corresponding parabola molding backboard, then two metals of mounted " minute surface parabola " framework is propped up again
Strut 4 is inserted and secured in fork frame 11.And fork frame 11, silica gel ring 7, bearing upper end cover 8, radial-thrust bearing 9, bearing
Inner tube 10, " the rotation carriage mechanism " of bearing outer tube 12, silicone rubber pad 36 and bearing bottom end cover 37 composition ensure that " minute surface
Light, the flexible rotation of parabola ".
The large-scale vacuum endothermic tube 5 that will be equipped with high-temperature medium U-tube 6 and medium tube heat transmission fin 34 is from vacuum heat absorbing pipe tail
Insert in annulus on frame 3, and progress into bearing upper end cover 8 enter back into bearing inner tube 10 arrive at always solid after silicone rubber pad 36
Fixed, thus combining to form " vertical tray parabolic collector " with " minute surface parabola ".
Two fans " vertical tray parabolic collector " are separately fixed at the upper and lower ends flange of large-scale four-way flanged pipe 18
On, by side installation and maintenance hole 35, high-temperature medium U-tube 6 and medium bend pipe 32 are locked with medium tube locking nut 33
Tightly；By front installation and maintenance hole 19, the medium pipeline in medium bend pipe 32 and steel pipe crossbeam 21 is similarly locked with medium tube
Nut 33 is locked, thus forming complete one group " unit sail " medium pipeline.
All it is filled with resistant to elevated temperatures rock wool heat-preservation material, medium during work in large-scale four-way flanged pipe of the present invention and crossbeam steel pipe
Pipeline is passed through conduction oil, and due to good sealing and heat-insulating property, the defeated thermal efficiency of conduction oil can be ensured effectively.
Vacuum heat absorbing pipe tailstock 3 can make the axis of large-scale vacuum endothermic tube 5 and paraboloidal focal line in whole pipe range
Go up parallel and keep overlapping, both ensured the high efficiency of solar thermal collector, " minute surface parabolic collector " structure can be improved again
Rigidity.
The synchronized tracking mechanism of longitudinal of the present invention by：Minor sprocket 13, tracking reducing gear (comprise miniature cycloidal pin
Wheel reductor 14-1, reductor support 14-2, miniature worm reduction gear 14-3, motor 14-4, electric control gear etc.), transmission
Chain 22, big sprocket wheel 23, Chain conveyer protective cover 24 etc. form.The power of synchronized tracking mechanism is subtracted through miniature worm gear by motor
Fast machine is delivered to miniature cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer and is delivered to big sprocket wheel 23 until minor sprocket 13, then through driving-chain 22, thus driving
Dynamic " minute surface parabolic collector ", makees accurately longitudinal synchronized tracking to the sun.
During synchronized tracking, sunlight focuses on focal line on-fixed on vacuum heat absorbing pipe, but with " minute surface is thrown
The operating of object plane heat collector " is in slow mobile status, and this is highly beneficial to the life-span of vacuum heat absorbing pipe heat absorbing coating.
Through primary Calculation, when motor rotating speed is 150 revs/min, whole warp-wise follows the tracks of the speed ratio of reducing gear about
For 216000, due to the precision no cumulative error of motor, synchronized tracking mechanism fully achieves high-precision requirement.
This scheme very energy-conservation, tens of watts of motor can produce the high pulling torque of Newton/meter up to a hundred, can easily drive hundreds of public affairs
The constant speed that " the minute surface parabolic collector " of jin realizes 15 degree/hour slowly rotates.
" unit sail " is the basic element of character of composition " unit battle array ", and often set " unit sail " is all by two fan " vertical tray parabolas
Heat collector " forms, and forms shoulder pole shape, and this structure is not only to increase 1 times of solar energy heating area and (often covers " unit sail " collector area
Reach 25 square metres), and balance the weight of large scale structure, the rotary shaft of two fans " vertical tray parabolic collector " is all simultaneously
It is arranged on large-scale four-way flanged pipe by a pair of radial-thrust bearing, thus greatly reducing " unit sail " during following the tracks of
Energy consumption.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of Fig. 3 centre structure, can show driving principle and the high-temperature medium pipe of synchronized tracking mechanism
The connected mode of road joint.
Fig. 5 is vacuum heat absorbing pipe amplification view, can be seen that the glide path of conduction oil from high-temperature medium U-tube, and
The heat transfer type that medium tube heat transmission fin is close to vacuum heat absorbing pipe inner tubal wall can ensure that vacuum heat absorbing pipe and high-temperature medium pipeline
Between have optimal heat-transfer effect.
Fig. 6 be parabolic collector sectional view it can be seen that minute surface parabola how sunlight is focused on glass evacuated
So that the conduction oil in pipe is rapidly heated to the principle of high temperature on endothermic tube.
Fig. 7 is the present invention " unit battle array " latitude direction (angle of pitch change) follower front view.
As shown in Figure 7：Operator's hand-held operation handwheel 49 rotates, and is slowed down by worm reduction gear 48, and minor sprocket is through one
Level driving-chain 46 drives one-level big sprocket wheel 43 to slow down further, then is passed through two grades by two grades of direct-connected minor sprockets 45 of big sprocket wheel 43
Dynamic chain 40 drives two grades of big sprocket wheels 38, carries out third time and slows down, then passes through steel pipe crossbeam with extremely by two grades of big sprocket wheel wheel hubs 39
Slow speed drives whole 6 groups " unit sails " i.e. 12 fans " vertical tray parabolic collector " that sunlight is made with latitude direction simultaneously
Accurate adjustment.Because every group " unit sail " is all made up of two sides " vertical tray parabolic collector ", balance the weight of structure
Amount, so make manually to finely tune 12 faces " minute surface parabolic collector " and make latitudinal tracking and be possibly realized simultaneously to sunlight.
Put into practice according to chronometer data and for many years, only 45 degree about of the maximum change of any one solar latitude on the earth, partly
Complete this change extreme value in year, therefore such adjustment only need per week carry out that once it is enough, only need to adjust 1-2 degree every time,
This does not affect the efficiency of solar energy thermal-power-generating at all, and can promote the tour to Jing Chang for the staff by this work,
Kill two birds with one stone.
So the present invention using manually adjust realize latitude follow the tracks of, make overall structure greatly simplified, throwing can be greatlyd save
Money and the cost of operating, maintenance.
Fig. 8 is the present invention " unit battle array " latitude direction (angle of pitch change) follower side view.Can see further
The layout of clear follower.
Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12 are four sides that the present invention " unit sail " runs to towards Dong-Nan-west-north respectively
The view of position.Its Middle East-Nan-west be the sun from sunrise-noon-sunset, be the active section of solar energy.And " unit sail " runs to
Towards west-north-east orientation when, be the sun from sunset-midnight-sunrise, be the inoperative section of solar energy.Transport when entering night
OK, Trough Concentrating System just dorsad sky, this be protect condenser lenss and heat collector (vacuum heat absorbing pipe) night not by dust storm,
The peculiar function that hail, wind and snow attack, therefore can greatly improve the service life of condenser mirror and heat collector.
Figure 13 is heat generating system schematic diagram, except the conveying of high-temperature medium, insulation, storage, temperature control, backflow, etc. technology
Outward, the substantially prior art such as heat exchange, condensation, steam turbine power generation, central authorities' control, is not belonging to the model of patent of the present invention
Farmland.
Shown in Figure 13：The 300-400 DEG C of high-temperature medium being collected by " solar sail array " is through high temperature fluid medium
House steward 66 flows in high temperature fluid medium case 65 and stores, and high temperature fluid medium is handed over through the quantitative heat that flows into of high-temperature medium flow pump 64
Through flow valve 63 also quantitative entrance heat exchanger 61, heat exchanger is equivalent to soft water in parallel operation 61, simultaneously soft water water tank 60
Large-sized boiler, exchanges through high-efficiency thermal, and soft water is changed into overheated high steam and enters steam turbine 54 through reversal valve, promotes steamer
Machine rotates, thus driving electromotor 53 to generate electricity.And high temperature fluid medium is changed into cryogen medium flow field after heat exchanger heat exchange
Enter in cryogen medium box 58.Cryogen medium pumps into cryogen medium house steward 68 by cryogenic media flow pump 57 again and returns
Return to " solar sail array " and reheat and complete cyclic process, so circulation result in continuously running of heat generating system.
Superheated steam after steam turbine acting is changed into low temperature and low pressure steam, now needs to be introduced into large-scale solidifying water
Device 50, cryophorus is also a kind of heat exchanger, enters cryophorus quoted from water simultaneously and carries out heat exchange, this can be by steam condensation
Cheng Shui, enters soft water water tank 60 by solidifying water water return pipeline 55, completes the circulation of soft water.It is also a kind of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN simultaneously, produce
Raw substantial amounts of domestic hot-water, energy saving.
It is transformed into " solar energy -- firepower integrated power station " because the method is suitable for existing small-sized heat power station, investment
Less, take up an area little, convenient to carry out, the facilities such as original coal-burning boiler are retained, both can reduce in a large number state-owned assets waste and
The shortcoming that weather can be relied on to solar energy carries out complementation.So, add reversal valve 69 and power plant original fire coal pot in Figure 13
Stove high steam pipeline 70.The high-temperature medium being stored in high-temperature medium case when weather is not suitable for solar electrical energy generation is not enough to
Thermal power generation can be switched to, thus keeping stable power supply when Turbo-generator Set continuously runs.
5th, specific embodiment
The present invention is for " Domestic synchronous tracking the solar boiler " (patent No. in inventor：ZL00219088.5) and
" portable non-transformer is from motion tracking solar energy water-boiling device " (patent No.：ZL200620069377.3) more than ten years of patented product
Development, test, improve and using afterwards, achieve abundant theory and practice experience it was demonstrated that research manufactures on this basis
Large-scale " vertical tray parabola automatic synchronous tracking focused solar energy thermal electric generator " is feasible.
1st, Domestic synchronous follow the tracks of solar boiler：
It is actually one miniature " vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat power supply device ", and it is technical
Can reach following index：
(1) the once amount of heating up water：4 liters (being equivalent to 2 bottles of 5 pounds of hot water bottle)
A, with In Nanjing fine day, during air cleaning as a example：
Summer opens 4 times/day (being equivalent to 8 bottles, 16 liters)
Spring and autumn, sky opened 4 times/day (being equivalent to 8 bottles, 16 liters)
Winter opens 3 times/day (being equivalent to 6 bottles, 12 liters)；
B, with Canadian Ottawa area fine day, during air cleaning as a example：
Summer opens 5 times/day (being equivalent to 10 bottles, 20 liters)
Spring and autumn, sky opened 5 times/day (being equivalent to 10 bottles, 20 liters)
Winter opens 4 times/day (being equivalent to 8 bottles, 16 liters)；
(2), vacuum heat absorbing pipe length specification：1.2 rice
(3), mechanical dimensions：600 millimeters of 1500x 600x
2nd, to build small-sized vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat generating system (referring to Fig. 1) it is below
Example is calculated：
Solar heat power generation system takes up an area 30000m2, " solar sail array " has 288 face vertical tray parabolas, every face
Paraboloidal projected area is 12.5m2, total reflection area is 3600m2.
According to China's atmospheric condition, the average intensity of solar radiation of fine day is in 0.9-0.7w/m2Between, average 0.8Kw/m2Left
The right side, if guarding some calculating, average intensity of solar radiation is in 0.75Kw/m2, the sunshine general power on the gross area is 2700Kw.
If paraboloidal reflection efficiency is that 90% (brand-new minute surface parabolic reflector efficiency can reach 95% in electricity generation system
More than), focusing rate is 95%, and vacuum heat absorbing pipe efficiency is 93%, and the heat-conducting oil system thermal efficiency is 85%, other thermal losses of system
10%, then system total efficiency is 60% about, and effective power can reach 1620Kw, and therefore, this system can mate B1.0-
2.35/0.49/390 steam turbine and electromotor are generated electricity,
B1.0-2.35/0.49/390 steam turbine technology parameter is as follows：
Rated power is 1000Kw.
Pressure 2.35Mpa
390 DEG C of temperature
QI consumed 14.49Kg/KwH
1st, investment estimate：
Solar energy heating, accumulation of heat and 855.7 ten thousand yuan of pipe-line transportation system, hot generating equipment take 5,000,000 yuan, other 500,000
Unit, adds up to 1405.7 ten thousand yuan.
2nd, set electricity price as 1.0 yuan/degree, if can generate electricity in 1 year 1600 hours, annual electricity generating capacity is：(1000X1600=160
Wan Du, annual value of production is 1,600,000 yuan.
By present case it can be seen that the investment payback time is 9 years about.
3rd, the 2300000 tons/year of estimations of station consumption standard coal according to 1000Mw Turbo-generator Set, build up a 1.0Mw
" vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy thermal power station ", can save 1000 tons/year of standard coal, reduce CO2Discharge capacity
3000 tons, minimizing SO218 tons of discharge capacity.So both had an economic benefit more have ecological environmental protection and social benefit.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat generating system, it is characterized in that it mainly by：Referred to as " solar sail
The vertical tray parabola array heat collection system of array ", latitude direction tracks of device system, high-temperature medium pipeline system,
Cryogenic media reflux line system and the most of composition of heat generating system five, wherein " solar sail array " by multigroup " unit battle array " and
Connection forms, and " unit battle array " and is in series by many sets " unit sail " and a set of latitude direction tracks of device, " solar sail array "
The port of export of every group " unit battle array " is all connected to high-temperature medium delivery main by high-temperature medium conveyance conduit, more defeated by high-temperature medium
Send the entrance of the high-temperature medium case that house steward is connected to heat generating system, the outlet of the cryogenic media case of heat generating system connects low temperature
Medium house steward, cryogenic media house steward is connected to every group " the unit battle array " of " solar sail array " again by cryogenic media conveyance conduit
Arrival end；Often set " unit sail " all has laterally zygomorphic two fans " vertical tray parabolic collector ", and two fans " throw by vertical tray
Object plane heat collector " is linked into an integrated entity by the end flanges up and down of large-scale four-way flanged pipe, in " shoulder pole shape ", is propped up by ground supports frame
Support is empty on the ground, and often fan " vertical tray parabolic collector " all has a set of warp-wise synchronized tracking driven by stepper motors
Device, can be followed the tracks of with the warp-wise high-precise synchronization of 360 ° of complete independently；The left and right end flanges of large-scale four-way flanged pipe pass through steel pipe
Crossbeam is connected to adjacent " the unit sail " that be supported on hemisphere by the same manner, and final composition is complete by that analogy
" unit battle array ", " the unit sail " of shoulder pole shape has the self-balancing ability of uniqueness, adapts to the paraboloidal double dimensions of large-scale vertical tray
The needs that degree is followed the tracks of；The latitude direction tracks of device of " the vertical tray parabolic collector " of every group " unit battle array " is arranged at often
The stage casing of group " unit battle array ", this latitude direction tracks of device is available for manual operation, realizes distinctive no shelves, accurate, Non-energy-consumption latitude
To tracking；Tens of groups " unit battle arrays " it is unified into " solar sail array " thus becoming vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat
Electricity generation system endlessly high temperature heat source.
2. vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that " unit
Sail " system by：Parabola molding backboard (1), parabola edge compact heap (2), vacuum heat absorbing pipe tailstock (3), metallic support rod
(4), large-scale vacuum endothermic tube (5), high-temperature medium U-tube (6), silica gel ring (7), bearing upper end cover (8), radial-thrust bearing
(9), bearing inner tube (10), fork frame (11), bearing outer tube (12), minor sprocket (13), miniature cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer (14-1),
Follower base (14-2), miniature worm-gear speed reducer (14-3), motor (14-4), ears fork (17), large-scale by four
Logical flanged pipe (18), front installation and maintenance hole (19), ground supports frame (20), steel pipe crossbeam (21), driving-chain (22), big sprocket wheel
(23), Chain conveyer protective cover (24), vacuum heat absorbing pipe pipe tail protective cover (25), ground supports frame (29), minute surface parabola (30),
Pipeline inner thermal insulating layer (31), medium bend pipe (32), medium tube locking nut (33), medium tube heat transmission fin (34), side are installed
Service hatch (35), silicone rubber pad (36), bearing bottom end cover (37) composition, wherein：A, the molding of groove type paraboloid are with two gold
The parabola molding backboard belonging to support bar and one group of two ends equipped with parabola edge compact heap conspires to create framework, then with left and right two row throwing
Come to complete, vacuum heat absorbing pipe tailstock is fixed on from vacuum heat absorbing pipe tail at the object plane edge compact heap compression paraboloidal edge of minute surface
On the nearer parabola molding backboard in portion, then two metallic support rod of framework are inserted and secured in fork frame, fork frame
Inner hole sleeve is being made up of radial-thrust bearing, bearing inner tube, bearing outer tube, bearing bottom end cover, bearing upper end cover and silica gel ring
Be fixed on bearing outer tube on rotary body and together with big sprocket wheel, then will be equipped with high-temperature medium U-tube, medium tube heat transmission fin big
Type vacuum heat absorbing pipe inserts from vacuum heat absorbing pipe tailstock ring, enters after bearing inner tube arrives at silicone rubber pad always and fixes, from axle
Hold and a set of warp-wise synchronized tracking mechanism is fixed on the ring flange of inner tube, including：Minor sprocket, miniature cycloidal planetary gear speed reducer, tracking
Mechanism base, miniature worm-gear speed reducer, motor, driving-chain, Chain conveyer protective cover, combine to form a fan " vertical slot
Formula parabolic collector ", B, by two fan " vertical tray parabolic collector " be separately fixed at the upper and lower of large-scale four-way flanged pipe
In two end flanges, by side installation and maintenance hole, high-temperature medium U-tube and medium bend pipe are locked with medium tube locking nut, lead to
Cross front installation and maintenance hole also uses medium tube locking nut to lock by the medium pipeline in medium bend pipe and steel pipe crossbeam, thus shape
Become complete a set of " unit sail ".
3. vertical tray parabola synchronous sun tracking energy heat generating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that latitude
Direction tracks of device system by：Two grades of big sprocket wheels (38), two grades of big sprocket wheel wheel hubs (39), second grade transmission chain (40), ground are propped up
Support (41), two-stage chain transmission protective cover (42), one-level big sprocket wheel (43), one-level big sprocket wheel wheel hub (44), two grades of minor sprockets
(45), first grade transmission chain (46), one-level Chain conveyer protective cover (47), worm reduction gear and minor sprocket (48), operation handwheel (49)
Composition, wherein operation handwheel is arranged on worm reduction gear input shaft, and output shaft installs minor sprocket, and minor sprocket is through first grade transmission chain even
Connect one-level big sprocket wheel, one-level big sprocket wheel is coaxially connected with two grades of minor sprockets to be integrated, and two grades of minor sprockets connect through second grade transmission chain
Two grades of big sprocket wheels, two grades of big sprocket wheel wheel hubs are fixedly connected with steel pipe crossbeam, in this mechanism：Worm reduction gear, two grades of chainlet wheel shafts,
Chain conveyer protective cover is all fixed on ground supports frame.
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| KR20100025208A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-09 | 주식회사 액트 | Solar tracking device |
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| US4114594A (en) * | 1976-10-22 | 1978-09-19 | Meyer Warren A | Device for synchronously rotating solar collectors |
| US4646718A (en) * | 1981-10-09 | 1987-03-03 | Wood Kenneth G | Combined pressurized air solar heat sensing head assembly and a pressurized water drive system used to move solar energy collectors in tracking the sun |
| CN1173620A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1998-02-18 | 温毅 | Light gathering appts. for utilizing solar energy |
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