Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provides a kind of solar energy tracking and utilizes device and array thereof; Follow the tracks of in the process of the sun at optical frames; Keep its focal length to be in a fixing zone all the time; Be convenient to carry out absorption, exchange, the transmission of the heat energy of high temperature, particularly be suitable for adopting the tracking system of heat pipe and optical frames, and for the large-scale tracking array that constitutes of using.The present invention is employed in the process of optical lens tracing solar energy; With heat energy utilization equipment; Particularly heat pipe is arranged in the zone of optical frames fixed focal length; Make solar utilizing equipment and heat pipe with respect to ground or the static relatively technical method of FX, realize utilization, perfectly utilized optical frames and hot pipe technique simultaneously the middle high temperature of solar energy; According to different application requirements; Adopt three kinds of structural approach to realize that being convenient to optical frames follows the tracks of utilization to solar energy on the one hand; On the other hand; Make the focal length of optical frames be fixed on certain zone all the time, again with solar utilizing equipment particularly heat pipe be fixed in this zone, just realized at the optical lens tracing sun but can keep solar utilizing equipment particularly heat pipe is static relatively; The invention provides a kind of array structure simultaneously, be convenient to heating, culinary art, the heat generating of large-scale utilization solar energy, particularly solar energy.
Technical method of the present invention is not only applicable to optical frames and heat pipe, can also be applicable to heat absorption, heat transfer, the heat exchange of optical frames and other technologies mode.
Concrete summary of the invention is following:
A kind of optics of solar energy mirror is followed the tracks of and is utilized the device array; Comprise solar utilizing equipment, optics of solar energy mirror, follow the tracks of support etc.; It is characterized in that: have a solar utilizing equipment (2), an optics of solar energy mirror (1), a tracking support (7) at least; When the rotation of optical frames (1) the tracking sun, adopt one of structure, make solar utilizing equipment 2 and ground static relatively or static relatively with the zone maintenance of fixing tracking support:
A, follow the tracks of on the support 7 with the perpendicular part in ground and be provided with an axle 6 that can along continuous straight runs rotates; On axle 6, be connected with a holder 3; Optical frames 1 is arranged on the holder, and optical frames 1 and support thereof can be that the center of circle horizontally rotates with axle 6, simultaneously; Optical frames can also be the center of circle with the tie-point of axle and holder; With the holder is that radius vertically rotates, and solar utilizing equipment 2 is arranged on the upper end or the lower end of following the tracks of the turning cylinder 6 on the support, when the optical lens tracing sun rotates; Make solar utilizing equipment 2 and ground or fixing zone of following the tracks of support keep static relatively, this kind structure is called the rotating disk tracking structure;
B, have at least a parallel axes 19 parallel with earth's axis; Optical frames 1 is installed on this axle, and can be along this parallel axes angular turn identical with earth rotation, also be provided with one with the perpendicular vertical axis 20 of parallel axes; Parallel axes and vertical axis intersect each other; Parallel axes and/or vertical axis are rack-mount, and solar utilizing equipment (2) is arranged near intersection point or its of two mutual vertical axises, in the process of the optical lens tracing sun; Make the focus of optical frames be in the intersection region of two axles all the time, this kind structure becomes the cross tracking structure.
For rotating disk tracking structure or cross tracking structure, also be provided with solar energy tracking equipment, solar energy tracking equipment is selected from following a kind of:
For the disc type tracking structure, the tracking of employing is:
Adopt power set, drive the rotation that turning cylinder 6 is realized horizontal direction, utilize power-equipment simultaneously, drive vertically rotation, realize tracking solar energy.
For the cross tracking structure, the tracking of employing is:
Adopt power set, drive parallel axes 19 and rotate, realize tracking, utilize power-equipment simultaneously, drive vertical axis 20 rotations, realize tracking the height change of solar energy for earth rotation.
The power set that adopted are selected from one of following:
A, mechanical clockwork spring, spring, series of apertures 17 are followed the tracks of, and follow the tracks of with manual or mechanical devices, as adopting the Mainspring type of clock and watch;
B, through being enclosed in the material in a space, along with the increase of temperature makes the increase of its pressure, promote motion, realize following the tracks of, be called the phase transformation drive unit;
Above-mentioned A, two kinds of tracking of B do not need consume electric power, and becoming does not have the electricity driving;
C, through the motion of set time, utilize electric energy to drive motor-driven gear mechanism 11, link chain mechanism is realized following the tracks of; For the rotation of the earth, its time rotates for the angle of per hour rotating 15 degree, and for elevation angle, its average out to was once rotating in 4 days, adopted the regular time rotational angle, just can realize the tracking to solar energy;
The signal of D, the sensor (8,9) through electricity or light through relatively electric current, magnitude of voltage and/or the brightness values of the conversion of solar energy device of different parts, is adjusted the tracking of the motion realization of motor (10) by computer or single-chip microcomputer;
Above-mentioned C, two kinds of need of tracking servo consume electric power of D become power consumption and drive.
Have at least a plurality of solar utilizing equipment to utilize device to be set to an array, each array can be arranged on (13) on the common platform or be arranged on the zone of ground and/or building.
Solar utilizing equipment to same row and/or same row is utilized device, can a shared tracking driving arrangement.
Realize tracking through motor driven gear mechanism, link chain mechanism, linkage, Worm gear mechanism to solar energy.
Solar utilizing equipment is for following at least a kind of:
A, solar energy are converted into monocrystalline silicon, polysilicon, the non-crystalline silicon board device of electric energy; The solar energy utilization of this kind structure; Belong to the photovoltaic utilization of solar energy, solar energy is converted into electric energy, particularly for the photovoltaic application of the solar energy of middle high temperature; Can higher usefulness be arranged than the photovoltaic application of the solar energy of low temperature, reduce the cost of generating simultaneously;
B, heat absorption heat pipe are heat energy with conversion of solar energy; Absorb heat through heat pipe, and utilize that hot pipe technique conducts heat, heat exchange etc.;
C, fluid heat exchange structure are the heat energy of fluid with conversion of solar energy through heat exchange structure; Fluid through forced circulation carries out the heat exchange of forced circulation like fluids such as gas, liquid, and direct heated air of optical frames and liquid are realized the utilization to solar energy through the fluid of forced circulation;
The heat absorbing part of D, solar cooker;
The heat absorbing part of E, stirling generator; Directly utilize solar energy to carry out thermoelectric conversion, solar energy is at first converted into the heat generating of carrying out solar energy behind the heat energy.
The evaporation ends of heat absorption heat pipe contains a recessed or convex structure at least, and jog recessed or male structure is inclined-plane, radian face, curved surface, fin; The heat pipe evaporation ends is arranged to be this kind structure, mainly is to be applicable in the optical lens tracing solar time focus to be in this zone all the time; Be applicable to when focal length variations; The high tracking sun, and maximum increase heat exchange area realize that efficiently conversion of solar energy is a heat energy.
On the concave-convex surface part of the evaporation ends of heat absorption heat pipe, being provided with increases the material that solar energy converts heat energy into; Multi-form solar energy such as visible light, ultraviolet ray, infrared ray are absorbed, like the black matrix material.
Solar energy utilizes device to be provided with the optics of solar energy mirror, and it is following at least a kind of or its combination:
A, composite parabolic speculum;
B, Fei Nier lens;
C, concave, convex lens;
D, disc type parabolic mirror;
E, cylindro-parabolic speculum;
Form a system by a plurality of arrays; Row, row solar utilizing equipment are utilized device more than on each array, being provided with; Every row on each array or row utilize every row or the row solar utilizing equipment (2) on each array of solar utilizing equipment on the device to carry out heat exchange through hot-pipe system (23) and/or forced circulation flowing fluid (24) with solar cooker heat absorbing part (21), stirling generator heat absorbing part, steam boiler (25), storage heater (22), and the fluid (24) through hot-pipe system (23) and/or forced circulation between a plurality of arrays carries out heat exchange with solar cooker heat absorbing part (21), stirling generator heat absorbing part, steam boiler (25), storage heater (22).
Illustrate as follows:
Label implication among the figure:
1: optical frames, 2: solar utilizing equipment, 3: holder, 4: heat pipe evaporation ends, 5: the concave-convex type structure; 6: horizontal rotating shaft, 7: support, 8:X direction sensor, 9:Y direction sensor, 10: motor; 11: worm gear, gear mechanism, 12: square crossing axle, 13: common platform, 14: driven in common equipment, 15: fin; 16: hot transition material, 18: counterweight, 19: parallel axes, 20: vertical axis, 21: solar cooker; 22: thermal storage equipment, 23: adopting heat pipes for heat transfer system, 24: force the fluid heat transferring system, 25: steam boiler, 26: electro-optical package.
Diagramatic content
Figure one: the manual tracking system of disc type hot-pipe solar cooker,
Figure two: the disc type tracking system,
Figure three: bench-type cross tracking system,
Figure four: the disc type tracking array,
Figure five: upright type cross tracking system,
Figure six: upright type cross tracking array,
Figure seven: bench-type cross array.
The advantage of the tracking system of this kind structure is:
1, adopts the tracking system of the solar energy of the present invention's announcement, can realize perfect and optical frames systems incorporate, be convenient to the comprehensive utilization of the middle high temperature of solar energy hot pipe technique.
2, can realize the large-scale utilization efficiently of different solar products so that realize the utilization of the solar energy of array.
3, can realize utilizing hot pipe technique simultaneously, be convenient to constitute the network system of heat pipe, carry out the transmission efficiently and the utilization of heat energy.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment one: the manual tracking system of disc type hot-pipe solar cooker
Adopting diameter is 1.2 meters 1 one on Fei Nier lens, and the as a whole hot-pipe solar cooker of solar utilizing equipment, heat pipe are that diameter is 38MM's; Adopt manual tracking mode, rotating shaft 6 is done the rotation of level, and adjustment series of apertures 17 is adjusted height; Be interrupted or rotating shaft simultaneously with series of apertures; Realize the tracking to the sun, along in the axle rotation process, hot-pipe solar cooker is static with respect to ground in optical frames and counterweight; This kind structure has effectively realized the tracking to solar energy, and guaranteed solar cooker is static relatively.
Embodiment two: the disc type tracking system
For the tracking of disc type system, be employed in the gear of processing an arc on the horizontal rotating shaft 6, utilize motor 10 to be used as power; The employing worm gear arrangement connects, and realizes the driving to trunnion axis, is employed in the gear that an arc is installed on the holder; The same worm gear arrangement that adopts connects; Realize the driving of short transverse, this electrode is fixed on the axle 6, and rotates simultaneously with axle.
Embodiment three: bench-type cross tracking system
Adopt the Fei Nier lens 3 of four limit types, it is last 12 to be fixed in orthogonal axle, the structure of a funnel of formation; Solar utilizing equipment 2 (heat pipe) is arranged on the zone of the intersection of two axles, is provided with the heat energy utilization material at its evaporation ends 4, and lens are provided with four sensors; Directions X and Y direction respectively have two sensors; Come lens are adjusted through the value of the sensor of different directions relatively, realize directions X axial adjustment and control, adopt motor as driver part through gear mechanism 11; This total system is installed on the platform, so be called as bench-type cross tracking system.
Embodiment four: the disc type tracking array
Utilize device to be combined into an array solar energy tracking of four carousel-types, adopting diameter is 1.2 meters luxuriant and rich with fragrance Neil lens, and its power can reach 1000W; Four lens can reach 4000W, and this array is co-located on the platform 13, and every row has two carousel-type trackers; The common motor 10 that adopts makes the rotation of rotating disk along continuous straight runs as driving, and each axle is provided with a motor, realizes the height tracing to the sun through Worm gear mechanism; Realized the tracking utilization of solar energy through continuous adjustment horizontal direction and short transverse, this system absorbs heat through heat pipe, and through the adopting heat pipes for heat transfer system; The solar energy that will on each equipment, be absorbed directly through the adopting heat pipes for heat transfer system transmissions in steam boiler 25; The power that utilizes steam boiler to produce promotes steam generating system, thereby has realized the heat generating of solar energy.
Embodiment five: upright type cross tracking system
Adopting lens is solar energy collecting equipment, and lens are installed on the parallel axes parallel with earth's axis (20), and optical frames can rotate along parallel axes; On parallel axes, be provided with vertical axis 20, parallel axes and vertical axis intersect 12 each other; Parallel axes is provided with a chain-wales that becomes one with parallel axes, and the drive system of parallel axes is installed on the platform, can drive parallel axes and rotate; The drive unit of vertical axis is rack-mount, utilizes the worm gear lever construction to realize the driving to vertical axis, and solar utilizing equipment is a heat pipe; Heat pipe is installed in the intersecting axle top, and in the process that whole tracking system is followed the tracks of, it is motionless that heat pipe keeps; This system is installed on the vertical support, thereby is called as upright type cross tracking system.
Embodiment six: upright type cross tracking array
Present embodiment realizes adopting the array tracking of upright type cross tracking system, and thirty font tracking system is set up in parallel in a zone, and optical lens is installed on the parallel axes 19; Three parallel axes are power-equipment through a motor, and adopting the worm gear lever is bindiny mechanism, realizes that three optical frames are driven by a power-equipment; On short transverse; Adopt a gear mechanism, adopt a motor for driving power equally, just the short transverse of three optical frames uses a power-equipment to accomplish driving; Solar utilizing equipment is set at right-angled intersection place; Three heat pipe heat become an integral heat pipe, through hot-pipe system 23 (integral heat pipe) heat energy are transferred in the storage heater, and thermal energy storage is got up.
Embodiment seven: bench-type cross array
Adopt three bench-type cross tracking systems in the present embodiment, be provided with solar utilizing equipment-electro-optical package at cross handing-over position, its parallel axes adopts its inside to be filled with the phase transformation drive unit (27) that R134 is a working media; When direct irradiation of sunlight behind cylinder body, inner R134 begins to expand, and along with the prolongation of time; Temperature inside improves gradually, and promotes it gradually and change, after night; Center housing temperature descends; Cylinder body returns to initial position, and it vertically adopts motor power-equipment the most, drives vertical axis and carries out the tracking to solar energy.