CN117298095A - 野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防nlrp3炎性小体介导疾病药物的应用 - Google Patents
野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防nlrp3炎性小体介导疾病药物的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病药物的应用。本发明的有益效果如下:1、野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物具有抗痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病等NLRP3炎性小体介导的疾病的作用;2、野马追药材丰富,在我国普遍分布,药材价格低廉,经济价值高,野马追倍半萜内酯化合物提取工艺成熟,疗效确切;3、野马追提取物已在临床上应用,其安全性可靠,适合长期服用;4、野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物成分单一,可作为抗痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病等NLRP3炎性小体介导的疾病的潜在药物进行后续开发,有利于临床转化,具有重大的经济价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病药物的应用。
背景技术
固有免疫是机体抵抗外源病原体及清除体内异物的第一道防线。机体通过模式识别受体识别病原相关分子模式(PAMPs)及损伤相关分子模式(DAMPs)。
炎性小体是存在于胞浆内的一类模式识别受体,是机体对外源性危险信号及内源性损伤信号的感受器。NLRP3炎性小体是研究最广泛的一类炎性小体。NLRP3蛋白通过与凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)及半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1(caspase-1)组装成复合物的形式来执行功能。活化的NLRP3炎性小体一方面通过剪切白介素-1β(IL-1β)及白介素-18(IL-18)前体的形式形成有活性的白介素-1β及白介素-18,进一步促进炎症级联反应,另一方面还可以剪切GSDMD诱导细胞焦亡的发生。
NLRP3炎性小体的活化剂多种多样,诸如细菌病毒、环境中的粉尘颗粒,机体内代谢产物以及细胞死亡释放的物质均可诱导NLRP3炎性小体的活化。由于NLRP3激活剂的广泛性,因此其在多种疾病的发生发展过程中起着重要的作用。
痛风是一种NLRP3炎性小体介导的无菌炎症,由于尿酸代谢功能的障碍,导致尿酸结晶在关节等组织中积累,进而特异性地活化NLRP3炎性小体,NLRP3基因缺失后尿酸结晶诱导的关节炎明显减轻。
多发性硬化症也是一种NLRP3炎性小体介导的自身免疫性炎症性疾病,其病理特征为髓鞘反应性CD4+T细胞浸润中枢神经系统,攻击少突胶质细胞并诱导脱髓鞘作用。多发性硬化症作为一种慢性脱髓鞘疾病,近年来其发病率逐渐上升,并且以青壮年时期发病居多,复发率、致残率极高,极大地影响患者的工作、生活质量。实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)是模拟人类多发性硬化症的常用小鼠模型。在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎疾病中脊髓中NLRP3炎性小体表达量明显升高,当NLRP3基因缺失后,实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎病程变慢,病情明显缓解。
2型糖尿病是一种胰岛素相对不足的糖尿病,以胰岛素敏感性降低为特征。2型糖尿病是一种慢性疾病,伴随着慢性炎症的发生。在持续的慢性炎症过程中NLRP3炎性小体持续被活化。NLRP3炎性小体激活产物白介素-1β在胰岛素抵抗过程中起着重要的作用,白介素-1β作用于胰岛,能够诱导胰岛β细胞死亡及功能丧失,并且能够抑制胰岛素信号的传递,促进胰岛素抵抗。
目前临床上治疗NLRP3炎性小体活化导致的疾病(如痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病)主要通过抑制白介素-1β的功能来实现,如白介素-1β的受体拮抗剂/阻断剂或者白介素-1β的单克隆抗体等。由于NLRP3炎性小体活化还会促进白介素-18、HMBG1等除白介素-1β外其他炎症因子的成熟及分泌,且还可以导致细胞焦亡的发生,针对白介素-1β的药物靶向作用不强,甚至还会对机体正常的生理功能造成影响,产生一系列的副作用。
目前已报道的NLRP3抑制剂有外源性的小分子化合物如MCC950、BAY 11-7082等,天然产物提取物如雷公藤、胡萝卜硫素及异甘草素等,内源性代谢物如β-羟基丁酸等。这些抑制剂通过影响NLRP3炎性小体激活的上游信号抑制NLRP3炎性小体的激活或者通过靶向NLRP3炎性小体中的其他组成蛋白来抑制NLRP3炎性小体的组装,因此这些抑制剂特异性均不强。
中药具有安全性相对较好、副作用相对较小及标本兼治的特点。中药野马追为菊科佩兰属多年生草本植物,在中国主要分布于东北、华北、华东、中南等地区,其味苦、性平、归肝脾经,具有化痰止咳平喘、清热解毒、利尿消肿、降压的功效,多用于痰多咳嗽气喘。临床上,中药野马追的粗提物已被制成片剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂等用于呼吸系统疾病的治疗。
目前已从野马追中分离鉴定了上百种化合物,其中倍半萜内酯类、黄酮类、萜类、挥发油、甾体类等类化合物是其主要成分。研究表明倍半萜内酯类成分是野马追中活性最强的化学成分。
发明内容
发明目的:针对于上述现有技术的不足,本发明公开了野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病(痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病)药物的应用。
技术方案:野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病药物的应用。
进一步地,所述野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物为野马追内酯A或野马追内酯B。
野马追内酯A、野马追内酯B的结构式如下:
。
进一步地,所述NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病包括痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病。
进一步地,所述药物由野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物和药学上能够接受的载体组成。
更进一步地,所述药物以片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂、溶液剂、乳剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、凝胶型、霜剂、酊剂、巴布剂、橡胶贴膏剂或贴膏剂形式存在。
一种用于治疗/预防NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病的药物,所述药物中含有野马追内酯A或野马追内酯B。
有益效果:本发明具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明首次将野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物应用于经典且广泛认可的NLRP3炎性小体介导的疾病细胞及动物模型中,相关实验证明野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物具有抗痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病等NLRP3炎性小体介导的疾病的作用;
2、野马追药材丰富,在我国普遍分布,药材价格低廉,经济价值高,野马追倍半萜内酯化合物提取工艺成熟,疗效确切;
3、野马追提取物已在临床上应用,其安全性可靠,适合长期服用;
4、野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物成分单一,可作为抗痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病等NLRP3炎性小体介导的疾病的潜在药物进行后续开发,有利于临床转化,具有重大的经济价值。
附图说明
图1a为实施例1中各组巨噬细胞中培养基上清中白介素-1β的含量的示意图;
图1b为实施例1中各组巨噬细胞中乳酸脱氢酶释放率的示意图;
图1c为实施例1中各组巨噬细胞中半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1/半胱氨酸蛋白酶前体-1的表达变化示意图;
图2为实施例2中检测野马追内酯A的特异性探针及野马追内酯B的特异性探针与NLRP3纯蛋白结合的结果图;
图3a为实施例3中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与尿酸结晶诱导的关节肿胀程度的关系图;
图3b为实施例3中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与关节中白介素-1β的分泌量的关系图;
图4a为实施例4中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与改善自身免疫性脑病的临床评分结果的关系图;
图4b为实施例4中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与自身免疫性脑病小鼠体重的关系图;
图4c为实施例4中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与自身免疫性脑病小鼠脑组织中单核细胞群数量的关系图;
图5a为实施例5中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与2型糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖水平的示意图;
图5b为实施例5中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与2型糖尿病小鼠胰岛素抵抗指数的示意图;
图5c为实施例5中野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B与2型糖尿病小鼠的糖耐量的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行说明,但本发明并不局限于此。
本申请中,NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病为NLRP3炎性小体活化导致的疾病的简称。
为了叙述的简便,说明书附图中将野马追内酯A简写为EA,将野马追内酯B简写为EB。
实验材料
下述实施例中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所述试剂和生物材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
试验方法:
一、细胞模型构建:
BMDMs(骨髓来源的巨噬细胞)细胞诱导分化:取 6 周龄的 C57BL/6J 雄性小鼠胫骨中的骨髓,裂解红细胞,在细胞中加入含 10% L929 细胞培养基上清的 DMEM 完全培养基,继续培养 5 天后即可得到 BMDMs细胞(本申请中均采用此方法获得 BMDMs细胞)。
将BMDMs细胞接种在6孔板中,设置对照组、模型组及给药组。在细胞中加入500ng/ml LPS处理3h后,加入5mM ATP继续处理1h,建立NLRP3炎性小体激活细胞模型;在LPS处理的同时加入不同浓度的野马追内酯A(EA,12.5、25、50μM)及野马追内酯B(12.5、25、50μM)处理细胞,作为给药组;对照组添加相同体积的DMSO。ATP处理结束后,收集各组培养基上清,采用ELISA试剂盒检测培养基上清中白介素-1β的含量;采用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检测试剂盒,检测各组乳酸脱氢酶的释放变化;收集细胞裂解液,进行WB实验,检测半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1(caspase-1)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶前体-1(pro-caspase-1)蛋白表达的变化。
二、动物模型建立:
C57BL/6J小鼠购买于斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司,为正常饲养小鼠,8周龄,小鼠在生长过程处于同一环境中饲养,且喂养同样的食物。
1、关节炎动物模型构建
取8周龄C57BL/6J小鼠,进行称重,随机进行分组,设置对照组、模型组及给药组。给药组左膝关节注射野马追内酯A或野马追内酯B20mg/kg,对照组左膝关节注射相同体积的溶剂。30min后,给药组及模型组左膝关节注射MSU(0.5 mg,溶于20μl无菌PBS),右膝关节注射等体积无菌PBS。24h后测量左右膝关节的宽度,然后颈椎脱白处死小鼠,将左膝关节取出,放置于含有200μl opti-MEM (1% 双抗)的12板中培养1h。用ELISA试剂盒检测各组培养上清中白介素-1β的含量。
2、自身免疫性脑病动物模型构建
用生理盐水将MOG35-55稀释为10mg/ml,按1:1等体积加入完全弗氏佐剂(结核菌素H37Ra,终浓度为4mg/ml),充分乳化后按照每只250μg/0.1ml的剂量于小鼠脊柱两侧分四点进行皮下注射,免疫当天及第2天(48h)分两次腹腔注射0.5ml PTX(500ng/只),建立自身免疫性脑病动物模型。
实验设置正常组、对照组及给药组, 给药组按照野马追内酯A 20mg/kg或野马追内酯B 20mg/kg 进行灌胃给药。22天后,各组小鼠进行临床评分,称量体重后处死小鼠,收集小鼠脑部组织,将脑组织研磨成单细胞悬液,加入30% Percoll细胞分离液,分离单核细胞,采用PE-CD4、FITC-CD8、APC-CD11b流式抗体孵育单核细胞,流式上机分析细胞比例。
3、2型糖尿病动物模型构建
1% 链腺佐菌素 (Streptozotocin,STZ) 配置:
A液:0.21g柠檬酸加10ml ddH20;B液:0.294g 柠檬酸钠加 10ml ddH2O。将A液和B液按1:1比例混合,调节缓冲液PH值至4.4,为了避免PH值偏移缓冲液要现配现用,溶解STZ前缓冲液于0.22μm除菌过滤器中过滤,后放冰上预冷。
避光条件下精确称量和分装STZ,实验前20min内与配置好的柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液按1g:100ml轻轻晃动混配成1% STZ溶液,配置过程需要保持避光且在冰浴中进行。
采用高脂饲料喂养5周龄C57BL/6J小鼠,6周后小鼠禁食过夜,腹腔注射50mg/kg预冷的1% STZ溶液,连续3天,NC组小鼠腹腔注射相同剂量的缓冲液连续3天,稳定一周后,测量小鼠空腹血糖>11.1mM即为造模成功,造模成功后继续给予60%的高脂饲料继续喂养8周,同时给药组灌胃给野马追内酯A 20mg/kg或野马追内酯B 20mg/kg。8周后,采用血糖仪测量小鼠尾尖静脉空腹血糖,收集小鼠血清采用胰岛素检测试剂盒检测血清中胰岛素含量,胰岛素抵抗程度应用稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)值进行评价。
胰岛素抵抗指数计算公式如下:胰岛素抵抗指数=空腹血糖水平(mM)×空腹胰岛素水平(mU/ml)/22.5。
进行糖耐量实验实验(OGTT实验):小鼠灌胃给予20%的葡萄糖溶液(2g/kg),持续监测0、30、60、90、120min时小鼠的血糖,糖耐量实验期间小鼠可自由饮水,避免对小鼠过度刺激。
实施例1
按照上述实验方法构建NLRP3炎性小体激活细胞模型,观察野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B对NLRP3炎性小体激活的影响。
采用ELISA检测细胞培养基上清中白介素-1β的含量,结果显示野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B可以抑制巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎性小体激活产物白介素-1β的产生(如图1a所示)。
采用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试剂盒检测巨噬细胞中乳酸脱氢酶释放率,结果显示野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B可以抑制巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎性小体激活所导致的乳酸脱氢酶的释放(如图1b所示)。
收集细胞裂解液,进行WB实验,检测巨噬细胞中激活标志物半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1(caspase-1)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶前体-1(pro-caspase-1)的表达变化,结果显示野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B可以抑制巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎性小体激活标志物半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1、半胱氨酸蛋白酶前体-1的表达(如图1c所示)。
图1a-图1c中:对照组:con组,模型组:LPS+ATP,给药组:野马追内酯A(EA)及野马追内酯B(EB);***,p<0.001;****,p<0.0001。
实施例2
采用野马追内酯A的特异性探针及野马追内酯B的特异性探针与NLRP3纯蛋白孵育,进行“点击化学”反应在复合物上标记上荧光染料,SDS-PAGE分离蛋白,远红外扫胶仪检测探针上的荧光信号,结果显示野马追内酯A的特异性探针可以与NLRP3纯蛋白结合,证明野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B均可以直接与NLRP3蛋白结合(如图2所示)。
图2中:EA-p:野马追内酯A的特异性探针,EB-p:野马追内酯B的特异性探针,NLRP3:NLRP3纯蛋白,CBB:考马斯亮蓝染色。
实施例3
按照上述实验方法,采用尿酸结晶关节注射C57BL/6J小鼠诱导急性关节炎,观察野马追内酯A、野马追内酯B对于尿酸结晶诱导的关节炎的作用。从图3a可知野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B能够明显缓解尿酸结晶诱导的关节肿胀。从图3b可知 野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B能够减少关节中白介素-1β的分泌。
图3a和图3b中:对照组:WT组;模型组:MSU组;给药组:野马追内酯A(EA)及野马追内酯B(EB) 20mg/kg; ****,p<0.0001。
实施例4
按照上述实验方法,建立自身免疫性脑病模型,观察野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B对自身免疫性脑病的作用。从图4a可知:野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B可以改善自身免疫性脑病的临床评分。从图4b可知:野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B具有体重保护作用。采用流式细胞技术检测小鼠脑组织中单核细胞群的比例变化,结果如图4c所示:野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B可以减少脑组织中单核细胞的浸润。
图4a-图4c中:对照组:WT组,模型组:EAE组,给药组:野马追内酯A(EA)及野马追内酯B(EB)20mg/kg;*,p<0.05; ***,p<0.001;****,p<0.0001。
实施例5
按照上述实验方法,建立2型糖尿病动物模型,给药8周后,采用血糖仪检测各组小鼠空腹血糖水平。从图5a可知:野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B给药组可以显著降低2型糖尿病模型小鼠的空腹血糖水平。
按照上述实验方法,建立2型糖尿病动物模型,给药8周后,采用胰岛素检测试剂盒检测血清中空腹胰岛素水平,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)(结果如图5b所示);进行糖耐量(OGTT)实验,各组小鼠给予20%葡萄糖溶液(2g/kg)灌胃,持续监测0、30、60、90、120min血糖(结果如图5c所示),从图5b和图5c可知:野马追内酯A及野马追内酯B给药后可以显著降低葡萄糖负荷后的血糖水平。
图5a-图5c中:对照组:NC组,模型组:DC组,给药组:野马追内酯A(EA)及野马追内酯B(EB)20mg/kg;**,p<0.01; ***,p<0.001;****,p<0.0001。
综上所述:野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物可以抑制LPS及ATP处理的巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎性小体激活产物白介素-1β的产生;
野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物可以抑制LPS及ATP处理的巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎性小体激活所导致的乳酸脱氢酶的释放;
野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物可以抑制LPS及ATP处理的巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎性小体激活标志物半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1/半胱氨酸蛋白酶前体-1的表达;
野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物可以直接与NLRP3蛋白结合;
野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物作为治疗NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病(痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病)的药物能够明显缓解痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病等NLRP3炎性小体介导的疾病的病理状况;
上面对本发明的实施方式做了详细说明。但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下做出各种变化。
Claims (3)
1.野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物在制备用于治疗/预防NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病药物的应用,其中:
所述野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物为野马追内酯A或野马追内酯B;
所述NLRP3炎性小体介导疾病包括痛风性关节炎、自身免疫性脑病、2型糖尿病。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物由野马追倍半萜内酯类化合物和药学上能够接受的载体组成。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物以片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、糖浆剂、溶液剂、乳剂、注射剂、喷雾剂、气雾剂、凝胶型、霜剂、酊剂、巴布剂、橡胶贴膏剂或贴膏剂形式存在。
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